为了获得可用于东北地区黏重黑土与触土部件相互作用的离散元仿真模拟参数,该文利用EDEM中Hertz-Mindlin with JKR Cohesion接触模型对不同含水率的东北地区黏重黑土进行相关参数标定,针对含水率在10%～20%的实际作业环境,分别配置含水...为了获得可用于东北地区黏重黑土与触土部件相互作用的离散元仿真模拟参数,该文利用EDEM中Hertz-Mindlin with JKR Cohesion接触模型对不同含水率的东北地区黏重黑土进行相关参数标定,针对含水率在10%～20%的实际作业环境,分别配置含水率为12.46%±1%和17.15%±1%的2种黏重黑土,以土壤颗粒间的滚动摩擦系数、恢复系数、表面能参数及静摩擦系数为标定对象,并以土壤颗粒的仿真堆积角为响应值,基于Box-Behnken的响应面优化方法得到堆积角回归模型,并对回归模型进行寻优,得到2种含水率的模型参数优化解,并给出了模型参数范围。测定了4种含水率下黏重黑土对3种触土部件材料(65Mn、UHMW-PE和PTFE)的静摩擦系数,并以此为基础分别对65Mn(典型铁基材料)和PTFE(典型低表面能材料)板进行斜面试验,以含水率为17.15%±1%的黏重黑土为试验对象,分别搭建斜面物理试验平台和仿真模型,以土壤颗粒与触土部件材料之间的滚动摩擦系数、恢复系数、表面能参数及静摩擦系数为标定对象,以仿真得到的土球在65Mn和PTFE板上的滚动距离为响应值,基于响应面优化法得到滚动距离回归模型,以实测的滚动距离为目标对回归模型进行寻优,得到黏重黑土对2类典型触土部件材料接触模型参数的优化解。研究结果表明,标定优化后的土壤模型能够近似代替真实的东北地区黏重黑土进行仿真,可利用标定后的参数进行黏重黑土与触土部件间的离散元仿真,可为东北黏重黑土作业条件下的农业机械触土部件仿生减阻设计与优化提供基础数据。展开更多
Tea plant is an important economic crop,which is used to produce the world's oldest and most widely consumed tea beverages.Here,we present a high-quality reference genome assembly of the tea plant(Camellia sinensi...Tea plant is an important economic crop,which is used to produce the world's oldest and most widely consumed tea beverages.Here,we present a high-quality reference genome assembly of the tea plant(Camellia sinensis var.sinensis)consisting of 15 pseudo-chromosomes.LTR retrotransposons(LTR-RTs)account for 70.38%of the genome,and we present evidence that LTR-RTS play critical roles in genome size expansion and the transcriptional diversification of tea plant genes through preferential insertion in promoter regions and introns.Genes,particularly those coding for terpene biosynthesis pro-teins,associated with tea aroma and stress resistance were significantly amplified through recent tandem duplications and exist as gene clusters in tea plant genome.Phylogenetic analysis of the sequences of 81 tea plant accessions with diverse origins revealed three well-differentiated tea plant populations,support-ing the proposition for the southwest origin of the Chinese cultivated tea plant and its later spread to western Asia through introduction.Domestication and modern breeding left significant signatures on hundreds of genes in the tea plant genome,particularly those associated with tea quality and stress resis-tance.The genomic sequences of the reported reference and resequenced tea plant accessions provide valuable resources for future functional genomics study and molecular breeding of improved cul-tivars of tea plants.展开更多
The Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST, also called the Guo Shou Jing Telescope) is a special reflecting Schmidt telescope. LAMOST’s special design allows both a large aperture (effecti...The Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST, also called the Guo Shou Jing Telescope) is a special reflecting Schmidt telescope. LAMOST’s special design allows both a large aperture (effective aperture of 3.6 m–4.9 m) and a wide field of view (FOV) (5°). It has an innovative active reflecting Schmidt configuration which continuously changes the mirror’s surface that adjusts during the observation process and combines thin deformable mirror active optics with segmented active optics. Its primary mirror (6.67m×6.05 m) and active Schmidt mirror (5.74m×4.40 m) are both segmented, and composed of 37 and 24 hexagonal sub-mirrors respectively. By using a parallel controllable fiber positioning technique, the focal surface of 1.75 m in diameter can accommodate 4000 optical fibers. Also, LAMOST has 16 spectrographs with 32 CCD cameras. LAMOST will be the telescope with the highest rate of spectral acquisition. As a national large scientific project, the LAMOST project was formally proposed in 1996, and approved by the Chinese government in 1997. The construction started in 2001, was completed in 2008 and passed the official acceptance in June 2009. The LAMOST pilot survey was started in October 2011 and the spectroscopic survey will launch in September 2012. Up to now, LAMOST has released more than 480 000 spectra of objects. LAMOST will make an important contribution to the study of the large-scale structure of the Universe, structure and evolution of the Galaxy, and cross-identification of multiwaveband properties in celestial objects.展开更多
AIM:To evaluate the safety and efficacy of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor(G-CSF) therapy in patients with hepatitis B virus(HBV)-associated acuteon-chronic liver failure(ACLF).METHODS:Fifty-five patients with H...AIM:To evaluate the safety and efficacy of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor(G-CSF) therapy in patients with hepatitis B virus(HBV)-associated acuteon-chronic liver failure(ACLF).METHODS:Fifty-five patients with HBV-associated ACLF were randomized into two groups:the treatment group and the control group.Twenty-seven patients in the treatment group received G-CSF(5 μg/kg per day,six doses) treatment plus standard therapy,and 28 patients in the control group received standard therapy only.The peripheral CD34 + cell count was measured consecutively by flow cytometry.Circulating white blood cell count,biochemical parameters,and other clinical data of these patients were recorded and analyzed.All patients were followed up for a period of 3 mo to evaluate the changes in liver function and survival rate.RESULTS:The peripheral neutrophil and CD34 + cell counts in the G-CSF group increased on day 3 from the onset of therapy,continued to rise on day 7,and remained elevated on day 15 compared to those of the control group.Child-Turcotte-Pugh score of patients in the treatment group was improved on day 30 from the onset of G-CSF therapy,compared to that in the controls(P = 0.041).Model for End-Stage of Liver Disease score of patients in the treatment group was improved on day 7(P = 0.004) and remained high on day 30 from the onset of G-CSF therapy(P < 0.001) compared to that in controls.After 3 mo of follow-up observation,the survival rate in the treatment group(48.1%) was significantly higher than that in the control group(21.4%)(P = 0.0181).CONCLUSION:G-CSF therapy promoted CD34 + cell mobilization in patients with HBV-associated ACLF,and improved the liver function and the survival rate of these patients.展开更多
The phenylalanine-tyrosine-dopa-dopamine pathway provides dopamine to the brain.Iin this process,tyrosine hydroxylase(TH)isthe rate-limiting enzyme that hydroxylates tyrosine and generates levodopa(L-dopa)with tetrany...The phenylalanine-tyrosine-dopa-dopamine pathway provides dopamine to the brain.Iin this process,tyrosine hydroxylase(TH)isthe rate-limiting enzyme that hydroxylates tyrosine and generates levodopa(L-dopa)with tetranydrobiopterin(BH_(4))as a coenzyme.Here,we show that oral berberine(BBR)might supply H^(·) through dihydroberberine(reduced BBR produced by bacterial nitroreductase)and promote the production of BHl from dihydrobiopterin;the increased BH,enhances TH activity,which accelerates the production of L-dopa by the gut bacteria.Oral BBR acts in a way similar to vitamins.The L-dopa produced by theintestinal bacteria enters the brain through the circulation and is transformed to dopamine.To verify the gut-brain dialog activatedby BBR's effect,Enterococcus foecalis or Enterococcus faecium was transplanted into Parkinson's disease(PD)mice.The bacteriasignificantly increased brain dopamine and ameliorated PD manifestation in mice;additionally,combination of BBR with bacteriashowed better therapeutic effect than that with bacteria alone.Moreover,2,4,6-trimethy-pyranylium tetrafluoroborate(TMP-TFB)-derivatized matrix-assisted laser desorption mass spectrometry(MALDI-MS)imaging of dopamine identihed elevated striataldopamine levels in mouse brains with oral Enterococcus,and BBR strengthened the imaging intensity of brain dopamine.Theseresults demonstrated that BBR was an agonist of TH in Enterococcus and could lead to the production of L-dopa in the gut.Furthermore,a study of 28 patients with hyperlipidemia conhrmed that oral BBR increased bloodfecal L-dopa by the intestinalbacteria.Hence,BBR might improve the brain function by upregulating the biosynthesis of-dopa in the gut microbiota through avitamin-like effect.展开更多
Background:As a large,prospective,multicenter study-based prognostic score for hepatitis B virus-related acute-on-chronic liver failure(HBV-ACLF),the Chinese group on the study of severe hepatitis B-acute-on-chronic l...Background:As a large,prospective,multicenter study-based prognostic score for hepatitis B virus-related acute-on-chronic liver failure(HBV-ACLF),the Chinese group on the study of severe hepatitis B-acute-on-chronic liver failure score(COSSH-ACLFs),has been approved by some foreign scholars;however,its predictive value needs to be verified.This study investigated the predictive value of COSSH-ACLFs for short-term prognosis in Chinese patients with HBV-ACLF.Methods:This retrospective cohort study included 751 patients with HBV-ACLF admitted to the Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital between January 2011 and December 2014.Spearman method was used to assess the correlation of COSSHACLFs with classical scores.Different COX multivariate regression models were used to confirm the relationship between COSSHACLFs and short-term prognosis in patients with HBV-ACLF,and stratified analysis was used to further verify the stability of this relationship.We compared the predictive powers of COSSH-ACLFs and other classical scores using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUROC)and Z-test.Results:A total of 975 patients with HBV-ACLF were screened,and 751 were analyzed(623 male and 128 female).COSSH-ACLFs was the highest in patients with end-stage ACLF,followed by those with middle-and early-stage ACLF(H=211.8,P<0.001).In the fully adjusted model,COX multivariate regression analysis revealed that COSSH-ACLFs(as a continuous variable)was independently and positively correlated with mortality risk in patients with HBV-ACLF at 28 days(hazard ratio[HR]:1.37[1.22,1.53],P<0.001)and 90 days(HR:1.43[1.29,1.58],P<0.001).The same trend could be observed in the crude model and minimally adjusted model.The AUROCs of COSSH-ACLFs for 28-day and 90-day prognoses in patients with HBV-ACLF were 0.807 and 0.792,respectively,indicating a stronger predictive accuracy than those of classic models.Conclusions:COSSH-ACLFs,with a superior predictive accuracy compared with other classical scores,can strongly predict sh展开更多
The Large sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope（LAMOST） general survey is a spectroscopic survey that will eventually cover approximately half of the celestial sphere and collect 10 million spectra of ...The Large sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope（LAMOST） general survey is a spectroscopic survey that will eventually cover approximately half of the celestial sphere and collect 10 million spectra of stars, galaxies and QSOs. Objects in both the pilot survey and the first year regular survey are included in the LAMOST DR1. The pilot survey started in October 2011 and ended in June 2012, and the data have been released to the public as the LAMOST Pilot Data Release in August 2012. The regular survey started in September 2012, and completed its first year of operation in June 2013. The LAMOST DR1 includes a total of 1202 plates containing 2 955 336 spectra, of which 1 790 879 spectra have observed signalto-noise ratio（SNR） ≥ 10. All data with SNR ≥ 2 are formally released as LAMOST DR1 under the LAMOST data policy. This data release contains a total of 2 204 696 spectra, of which 1 944 329 are stellar spectra, 12 082 are galaxy spectra and 5017 are quasars. The DR1 not only includes spectra, but also three stellar catalogs with measured parameters： late A,FGK-type stars with high quality spectra（1 061 918 entries）, A-type stars（100 073 entries）, and M-type stars（121 522 entries）. This paper introduces the survey design, the observational and instrumental limitations, data reduction and analysis, and some caveats. A description of the FITS structure of spectral files and parameter catalogs is also provided.展开更多
Background The traditional Chinese medicine injury, but the mechanism of its action is not we protective role of Tongxinluo. Tongxinluo can protect myocardium against documented. We examined the involvement schaemia/r...Background The traditional Chinese medicine injury, but the mechanism of its action is not we protective role of Tongxinluo. Tongxinluo can protect myocardium against documented. We examined the involvement schaemia/reperfusion of nitric oxide in the Methods Miniswine were randomized to four groups of seven： sham, control, Tongxinluo and Tongxinluo coadministration with a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor N^ωnitro-L-arginine （L-NNA, 10 mg/kg i.v.）. Three hours after administration of Tongxinluo, the animals were anaesthetised and the left anterior descending coronary artery ligated and maintained in situ for 90 minutes followed by 3 hours of reperfusion before death. Area of no reflow and necrosis and risk region were determined pathologically by planimetry. The degree of neutrophil accumulation in myocardium was obtained by measuring myeloperoxidase activity and histological analysis. Myocardial endothelial nitric oxide synthase activity and vascular endothelial cadherin content were measured by colorimetric method and immunoblotting analysis respectively. Results Tongxinluo significantly increased the local blood flow and limited the infarct and size of no reflow. Tongxinluo also attenuated myeloperoxidase activity and neutrophil accumulation in histological sections and maintained the level of vascular endothelial cadherin and endothelial nitric oxide synthase activity in the reflow region when compared with control group. The protection of Tongxinluo was counteracted by coadministration with L-NNA. Conclusions Tongxinluo may limit myocardial ischaemia and protect the heart against reperfusion injury. Tongxinluo regulates synthesis of nitric oxide by altering activity of endothelial nitric oxide synthase.展开更多
Objective： The main treatment method used for thoracolumbar fractures is open reduction and in- ternal fixation. Commonly there are three surgical approaches： anterior, posterior and paraspinal. We attempt to compar...Objective： The main treatment method used for thoracolumbar fractures is open reduction and in- ternal fixation. Commonly there are three surgical approaches： anterior, posterior and paraspinal. We attempt to compare the three approaches based on our clinical data analysis. Methods： A group of 94 patients with Denis type A or B thoracolumbar burst fracture between March 2008 and September 2010 were recruited in this study. These patients were treated by anterior-, posterioror paraspinal-approach reduction with or without decompression. The fracture was fixed with titanium mesh and Z-plate via anterior approach （24 patients）, screw and rod system via posterior approach （38 patients） or paraspinal approach （32 patients）. Clinical evaluations included operation duration, blood loss, inci- sion length, preoperative and postoperative Oswestry disability index （ODI）. Results： The average operation duration （94.1 min±13.7 rain）, blood loss （86.7 ml-20.0 ml）, length of incision （9.3 mm± 0.7 mm） and postoperative ODI （6±0.5） were significantly lower （P〈0.05） in paraspinal approach group than in traditional posterior approach group （operation duration 94.1 min±13.7 min, blood loss 143.3 ml±28.3 ml, length of incision 15.4 cm±2.1 cm and ODI 12±0.7） and anterior approach group （operation duration 176.3 min±20.7 min, blood loss 255.1 ml±38.4 mt, length of incision 18.6 cm±2.4 cm and ODI 13±2.4）. There was not statistical difference in terms of Cobb angle on radiographs among the three approaches. Conclusion： The anterior approach surgery is conve- nient for resection of the vertebrae and reconstruction of vertebral height, but it is more complicated and traumatic. Hence it is mostly used for severe Denis type B fracture. The posterior approach is commonly applied to most thoracolumbar fractures and has fewer complications compared with the anterior approach, but it has some shortcomings as well. The paraspinal approach has great advantages compared with the展开更多
文摘为了获得可用于东北地区黏重黑土与触土部件相互作用的离散元仿真模拟参数,该文利用EDEM中Hertz-Mindlin with JKR Cohesion接触模型对不同含水率的东北地区黏重黑土进行相关参数标定,针对含水率在10%～20%的实际作业环境,分别配置含水率为12.46%±1%和17.15%±1%的2种黏重黑土,以土壤颗粒间的滚动摩擦系数、恢复系数、表面能参数及静摩擦系数为标定对象,并以土壤颗粒的仿真堆积角为响应值,基于Box-Behnken的响应面优化方法得到堆积角回归模型,并对回归模型进行寻优,得到2种含水率的模型参数优化解,并给出了模型参数范围。测定了4种含水率下黏重黑土对3种触土部件材料(65Mn、UHMW-PE和PTFE)的静摩擦系数,并以此为基础分别对65Mn(典型铁基材料)和PTFE(典型低表面能材料)板进行斜面试验,以含水率为17.15%±1%的黏重黑土为试验对象,分别搭建斜面物理试验平台和仿真模型,以土壤颗粒与触土部件材料之间的滚动摩擦系数、恢复系数、表面能参数及静摩擦系数为标定对象,以仿真得到的土球在65Mn和PTFE板上的滚动距离为响应值,基于响应面优化法得到滚动距离回归模型,以实测的滚动距离为目标对回归模型进行寻优,得到黏重黑土对2类典型触土部件材料接触模型参数的优化解。研究结果表明,标定优化后的土壤模型能够近似代替真实的东北地区黏重黑土进行仿真,可利用标定后的参数进行黏重黑土与触土部件间的离散元仿真,可为东北黏重黑土作业条件下的农业机械触土部件仿生减阻设计与优化提供基础数据。
基金This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFD1000601 and 2019YFD1001601)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31800180)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province of China(1908085MC75)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2017M621992)and the special funds for tea germplasm garden construction(2060502 and 201834040003).
文摘Tea plant is an important economic crop,which is used to produce the world's oldest and most widely consumed tea beverages.Here,we present a high-quality reference genome assembly of the tea plant(Camellia sinensis var.sinensis)consisting of 15 pseudo-chromosomes.LTR retrotransposons(LTR-RTs)account for 70.38%of the genome,and we present evidence that LTR-RTS play critical roles in genome size expansion and the transcriptional diversification of tea plant genes through preferential insertion in promoter regions and introns.Genes,particularly those coding for terpene biosynthesis pro-teins,associated with tea aroma and stress resistance were significantly amplified through recent tandem duplications and exist as gene clusters in tea plant genome.Phylogenetic analysis of the sequences of 81 tea plant accessions with diverse origins revealed three well-differentiated tea plant populations,support-ing the proposition for the southwest origin of the Chinese cultivated tea plant and its later spread to western Asia through introduction.Domestication and modern breeding left significant signatures on hundreds of genes in the tea plant genome,particularly those associated with tea quality and stress resis-tance.The genomic sequences of the reported reference and resequenced tea plant accessions provide valuable resources for future functional genomics study and molecular breeding of improved cul-tivars of tea plants.
文摘The Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST, also called the Guo Shou Jing Telescope) is a special reflecting Schmidt telescope. LAMOST’s special design allows both a large aperture (effective aperture of 3.6 m–4.9 m) and a wide field of view (FOV) (5°). It has an innovative active reflecting Schmidt configuration which continuously changes the mirror’s surface that adjusts during the observation process and combines thin deformable mirror active optics with segmented active optics. Its primary mirror (6.67m×6.05 m) and active Schmidt mirror (5.74m×4.40 m) are both segmented, and composed of 37 and 24 hexagonal sub-mirrors respectively. By using a parallel controllable fiber positioning technique, the focal surface of 1.75 m in diameter can accommodate 4000 optical fibers. Also, LAMOST has 16 spectrographs with 32 CCD cameras. LAMOST will be the telescope with the highest rate of spectral acquisition. As a national large scientific project, the LAMOST project was formally proposed in 1996, and approved by the Chinese government in 1997. The construction started in 2001, was completed in 2008 and passed the official acceptance in June 2009. The LAMOST pilot survey was started in October 2011 and the spectroscopic survey will launch in September 2012. Up to now, LAMOST has released more than 480 000 spectra of objects. LAMOST will make an important contribution to the study of the large-scale structure of the Universe, structure and evolution of the Galaxy, and cross-identification of multiwaveband properties in celestial objects.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No. 81171641the Army Medical and Health Scientific Research Fund of China,No. 06H057
文摘AIM:To evaluate the safety and efficacy of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor(G-CSF) therapy in patients with hepatitis B virus(HBV)-associated acuteon-chronic liver failure(ACLF).METHODS:Fifty-five patients with HBV-associated ACLF were randomized into two groups:the treatment group and the control group.Twenty-seven patients in the treatment group received G-CSF(5 μg/kg per day,six doses) treatment plus standard therapy,and 28 patients in the control group received standard therapy only.The peripheral CD34 + cell count was measured consecutively by flow cytometry.Circulating white blood cell count,biochemical parameters,and other clinical data of these patients were recorded and analyzed.All patients were followed up for a period of 3 mo to evaluate the changes in liver function and survival rate.RESULTS:The peripheral neutrophil and CD34 + cell counts in the G-CSF group increased on day 3 from the onset of therapy,continued to rise on day 7,and remained elevated on day 15 compared to those of the control group.Child-Turcotte-Pugh score of patients in the treatment group was improved on day 30 from the onset of G-CSF therapy,compared to that in the controls(P = 0.041).Model for End-Stage of Liver Disease score of patients in the treatment group was improved on day 7(P = 0.004) and remained high on day 30 from the onset of G-CSF therapy(P < 0.001) compared to that in controls.After 3 mo of follow-up observation,the survival rate in the treatment group(48.1%) was significantly higher than that in the control group(21.4%)(P = 0.0181).CONCLUSION:G-CSF therapy promoted CD34 + cell mobilization in patients with HBV-associated ACLF,and improved the liver function and the survival rate of these patients.
基金supported by CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(CIFMSNo.2016-I2M-3-011)+3 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81573493 and 81973290)Beijing Key Laboratory of Non-Clinical Drug Metabolism and PK/PD study(Z141102004414062)the Key Project of Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No.7181007)National Mega-project for Innovative Drugs and the National Megaproject for Innovative Drugs(No.2018ZX09711001-002-002).
文摘The phenylalanine-tyrosine-dopa-dopamine pathway provides dopamine to the brain.Iin this process,tyrosine hydroxylase(TH)isthe rate-limiting enzyme that hydroxylates tyrosine and generates levodopa(L-dopa)with tetranydrobiopterin(BH_(4))as a coenzyme.Here,we show that oral berberine(BBR)might supply H^(·) through dihydroberberine(reduced BBR produced by bacterial nitroreductase)and promote the production of BHl from dihydrobiopterin;the increased BH,enhances TH activity,which accelerates the production of L-dopa by the gut bacteria.Oral BBR acts in a way similar to vitamins.The L-dopa produced by theintestinal bacteria enters the brain through the circulation and is transformed to dopamine.To verify the gut-brain dialog activatedby BBR's effect,Enterococcus foecalis or Enterococcus faecium was transplanted into Parkinson's disease(PD)mice.The bacteriasignificantly increased brain dopamine and ameliorated PD manifestation in mice;additionally,combination of BBR with bacteriashowed better therapeutic effect than that with bacteria alone.Moreover,2,4,6-trimethy-pyranylium tetrafluoroborate(TMP-TFB)-derivatized matrix-assisted laser desorption mass spectrometry(MALDI-MS)imaging of dopamine identihed elevated striataldopamine levels in mouse brains with oral Enterococcus,and BBR strengthened the imaging intensity of brain dopamine.Theseresults demonstrated that BBR was an agonist of TH in Enterococcus and could lead to the production of L-dopa in the gut.Furthermore,a study of 28 patients with hyperlipidemia conhrmed that oral BBR increased bloodfecal L-dopa by the intestinalbacteria.Hence,BBR might improve the brain function by upregulating the biosynthesis of-dopa in the gut microbiota through avitamin-like effect.
文摘Background:As a large,prospective,multicenter study-based prognostic score for hepatitis B virus-related acute-on-chronic liver failure(HBV-ACLF),the Chinese group on the study of severe hepatitis B-acute-on-chronic liver failure score(COSSH-ACLFs),has been approved by some foreign scholars;however,its predictive value needs to be verified.This study investigated the predictive value of COSSH-ACLFs for short-term prognosis in Chinese patients with HBV-ACLF.Methods:This retrospective cohort study included 751 patients with HBV-ACLF admitted to the Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital between January 2011 and December 2014.Spearman method was used to assess the correlation of COSSHACLFs with classical scores.Different COX multivariate regression models were used to confirm the relationship between COSSHACLFs and short-term prognosis in patients with HBV-ACLF,and stratified analysis was used to further verify the stability of this relationship.We compared the predictive powers of COSSH-ACLFs and other classical scores using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUROC)and Z-test.Results:A total of 975 patients with HBV-ACLF were screened,and 751 were analyzed(623 male and 128 female).COSSH-ACLFs was the highest in patients with end-stage ACLF,followed by those with middle-and early-stage ACLF(H=211.8,P<0.001).In the fully adjusted model,COX multivariate regression analysis revealed that COSSH-ACLFs(as a continuous variable)was independently and positively correlated with mortality risk in patients with HBV-ACLF at 28 days(hazard ratio[HR]:1.37[1.22,1.53],P<0.001)and 90 days(HR:1.43[1.29,1.58],P<0.001).The same trend could be observed in the crude model and minimally adjusted model.The AUROCs of COSSH-ACLFs for 28-day and 90-day prognoses in patients with HBV-ACLF were 0.807 and 0.792,respectively,indicating a stronger predictive accuracy than those of classic models.Conclusions:COSSH-ACLFs,with a superior predictive accuracy compared with other classical scores,can strongly predict sh
基金funded by the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program, 2014CB845700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11390371)Funding for the project has been provided by the National Development and Reform Commission
文摘The Large sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope（LAMOST） general survey is a spectroscopic survey that will eventually cover approximately half of the celestial sphere and collect 10 million spectra of stars, galaxies and QSOs. Objects in both the pilot survey and the first year regular survey are included in the LAMOST DR1. The pilot survey started in October 2011 and ended in June 2012, and the data have been released to the public as the LAMOST Pilot Data Release in August 2012. The regular survey started in September 2012, and completed its first year of operation in June 2013. The LAMOST DR1 includes a total of 1202 plates containing 2 955 336 spectra, of which 1 790 879 spectra have observed signalto-noise ratio（SNR） ≥ 10. All data with SNR ≥ 2 are formally released as LAMOST DR1 under the LAMOST data policy. This data release contains a total of 2 204 696 spectra, of which 1 944 329 are stellar spectra, 12 082 are galaxy spectra and 5017 are quasars. The DR1 not only includes spectra, but also three stellar catalogs with measured parameters： late A,FGK-type stars with high quality spectra（1 061 918 entries）, A-type stars（100 073 entries）, and M-type stars（121 522 entries）. This paper introduces the survey design, the observational and instrumental limitations, data reduction and analysis, and some caveats. A description of the FITS structure of spectral files and parameter catalogs is also provided.
文摘Background The traditional Chinese medicine injury, but the mechanism of its action is not we protective role of Tongxinluo. Tongxinluo can protect myocardium against documented. We examined the involvement schaemia/reperfusion of nitric oxide in the Methods Miniswine were randomized to four groups of seven： sham, control, Tongxinluo and Tongxinluo coadministration with a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor N^ωnitro-L-arginine （L-NNA, 10 mg/kg i.v.）. Three hours after administration of Tongxinluo, the animals were anaesthetised and the left anterior descending coronary artery ligated and maintained in situ for 90 minutes followed by 3 hours of reperfusion before death. Area of no reflow and necrosis and risk region were determined pathologically by planimetry. The degree of neutrophil accumulation in myocardium was obtained by measuring myeloperoxidase activity and histological analysis. Myocardial endothelial nitric oxide synthase activity and vascular endothelial cadherin content were measured by colorimetric method and immunoblotting analysis respectively. Results Tongxinluo significantly increased the local blood flow and limited the infarct and size of no reflow. Tongxinluo also attenuated myeloperoxidase activity and neutrophil accumulation in histological sections and maintained the level of vascular endothelial cadherin and endothelial nitric oxide synthase activity in the reflow region when compared with control group. The protection of Tongxinluo was counteracted by coadministration with L-NNA. Conclusions Tongxinluo may limit myocardial ischaemia and protect the heart against reperfusion injury. Tongxinluo regulates synthesis of nitric oxide by altering activity of endothelial nitric oxide synthase.
基金This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No.30772209）.
文摘Objective： The main treatment method used for thoracolumbar fractures is open reduction and in- ternal fixation. Commonly there are three surgical approaches： anterior, posterior and paraspinal. We attempt to compare the three approaches based on our clinical data analysis. Methods： A group of 94 patients with Denis type A or B thoracolumbar burst fracture between March 2008 and September 2010 were recruited in this study. These patients were treated by anterior-, posterioror paraspinal-approach reduction with or without decompression. The fracture was fixed with titanium mesh and Z-plate via anterior approach （24 patients）, screw and rod system via posterior approach （38 patients） or paraspinal approach （32 patients）. Clinical evaluations included operation duration, blood loss, inci- sion length, preoperative and postoperative Oswestry disability index （ODI）. Results： The average operation duration （94.1 min±13.7 rain）, blood loss （86.7 ml-20.0 ml）, length of incision （9.3 mm± 0.7 mm） and postoperative ODI （6±0.5） were significantly lower （P〈0.05） in paraspinal approach group than in traditional posterior approach group （operation duration 94.1 min±13.7 min, blood loss 143.3 ml±28.3 ml, length of incision 15.4 cm±2.1 cm and ODI 12±0.7） and anterior approach group （operation duration 176.3 min±20.7 min, blood loss 255.1 ml±38.4 mt, length of incision 18.6 cm±2.4 cm and ODI 13±2.4）. There was not statistical difference in terms of Cobb angle on radiographs among the three approaches. Conclusion： The anterior approach surgery is conve- nient for resection of the vertebrae and reconstruction of vertebral height, but it is more complicated and traumatic. Hence it is mostly used for severe Denis type B fracture. The posterior approach is commonly applied to most thoracolumbar fractures and has fewer complications compared with the anterior approach, but it has some shortcomings as well. The paraspinal approach has great advantages compared with the
