This present work is aimed to examine the effect of mass flow rate on distillate output and performance of a solar still in active mode.Outdoor experiments were conducted at the coastal town,Kakinada(16°93′N/83&...This present work is aimed to examine the effect of mass flow rate on distillate output and performance of a solar still in active mode.Outdoor experiments were conducted at the coastal town,Kakinada(16°93′N/83°33′E),Andhra Pradesh,India.A solar still with a 30°of fixed cover inclination,1 m2 of effective basin area,and a flat-plate collector(FPC)with an effective area of 2 m2 were used.An attempt was also made earlier in passive mode to optimize the water depth for the same solar still for maximum yield and distillation efficiency.For the passive still,it is observed that the capacity of heat storage and heat drop are significant parameters that affect the still performance.For the selected still design,the study reveals that 0.04 m water depth is the optimum value for specific climatic conditions.In the active solar still,with the optimum water depth,different flow rates of 0.5,1 and 1.5 L/min are considered through FPC.It is observed that both the mass flow rate and the variation of internal heat transfer coefficients with the mass flow rate have a significant effect on the yield and performance of the still.The experimental results show that the combination of 1.5 L/min mass flow rate and an optimum water depth of 0.04 m leads to a maximum yield for the active solar still.The enhanced yield of the active solar still is 57.55%,compared with that of the passive solar still,due to increase in area of radiation collection and more heat absorption rate.展开更多
Sacred groves are patches of forests preserved for their spiri- tual and religious significance. The practice gained relevance with the spread of agriculture that caused large-scale deforestation affecting bio- divers...Sacred groves are patches of forests preserved for their spiri- tual and religious significance. The practice gained relevance with the spread of agriculture that caused large-scale deforestation affecting bio- diversity and watersheds. Sacred groves may lose their prominence nowadays, but are still relevant in Indian rural landscapes inhabited by traditional communities. The recent rise of interest in this tradition encouraged scientific study that despite its pan-Indian distribution, focused on India＇s northeast, Western Ghats and east coast either for their global/regional importance or unique ecosystems. Most studies focused on flora, mainly angiosperms, and the faunal studies concentrated on vertebrates while lower life fomas were grossly neglected. Studies on ecosystem functioning are few although observations are available. Most studies attributed watershed protection values to sacred groves but hardly highlighted hydrological process or water yield in comparison with other land use types. The grove studies require diversification from a stereo- typed path and must move towards creating credible scientific foundations for conservation. Documentation should continue in unexplored areas but more work is needed on basic ecological functions and ecosystem dynamics to strengthen planning for scientifically sound sacred grove management.展开更多
Erosion corrosion performance of 6061 aluminum alloy in simulated sea water slurry was investigated under multi-phase jet impingement conditions. The main objective of the work is to study erosion–corrosion of a mate...Erosion corrosion performance of 6061 aluminum alloy in simulated sea water slurry was investigated under multi-phase jet impingement conditions. The main objective of the work is to study erosion–corrosion of a material with engineering application and mitigate it using eco-friendly green inhibitor. Experiments were performed with the sand concentration of 0.3% and 0.3 μm size. The effect of temperature and flow rate on the performance of inhibitor was explored. Electrochemical methods were adopted for erosion-corrosion measurements. Experiments revealed that starch could mitigate erosion-corrosion with a maximum reduction efficiency of 58% at temperature of 303 K and flow rate of 4 L·min–1. Inhibition efficiency decreased with increase in flowrate and temperature. EIS spectrum demonstrated that the corrosion process in the presence on inhibitor was both charge transfer and mass transfer controlled. A key role of hydrodynamics in the performance of corrosion inhibitor was confirmed by the present study.展开更多
文摘This present work is aimed to examine the effect of mass flow rate on distillate output and performance of a solar still in active mode.Outdoor experiments were conducted at the coastal town,Kakinada(16°93′N/83°33′E),Andhra Pradesh,India.A solar still with a 30°of fixed cover inclination,1 m2 of effective basin area,and a flat-plate collector(FPC)with an effective area of 2 m2 were used.An attempt was also made earlier in passive mode to optimize the water depth for the same solar still for maximum yield and distillation efficiency.For the passive still,it is observed that the capacity of heat storage and heat drop are significant parameters that affect the still performance.For the selected still design,the study reveals that 0.04 m water depth is the optimum value for specific climatic conditions.In the active solar still,with the optimum water depth,different flow rates of 0.5,1 and 1.5 L/min are considered through FPC.It is observed that both the mass flow rate and the variation of internal heat transfer coefficients with the mass flow rate have a significant effect on the yield and performance of the still.The experimental results show that the combination of 1.5 L/min mass flow rate and an optimum water depth of 0.04 m leads to a maximum yield for the active solar still.The enhanced yield of the active solar still is 57.55%,compared with that of the passive solar still,due to increase in area of radiation collection and more heat absorption rate.
基金the funding from Indian Institute of Science for pursuing the research work
文摘Sacred groves are patches of forests preserved for their spiri- tual and religious significance. The practice gained relevance with the spread of agriculture that caused large-scale deforestation affecting bio- diversity and watersheds. Sacred groves may lose their prominence nowadays, but are still relevant in Indian rural landscapes inhabited by traditional communities. The recent rise of interest in this tradition encouraged scientific study that despite its pan-Indian distribution, focused on India＇s northeast, Western Ghats and east coast either for their global/regional importance or unique ecosystems. Most studies focused on flora, mainly angiosperms, and the faunal studies concentrated on vertebrates while lower life fomas were grossly neglected. Studies on ecosystem functioning are few although observations are available. Most studies attributed watershed protection values to sacred groves but hardly highlighted hydrological process or water yield in comparison with other land use types. The grove studies require diversification from a stereo- typed path and must move towards creating credible scientific foundations for conservation. Documentation should continue in unexplored areas but more work is needed on basic ecological functions and ecosystem dynamics to strengthen planning for scientifically sound sacred grove management.
文摘Erosion corrosion performance of 6061 aluminum alloy in simulated sea water slurry was investigated under multi-phase jet impingement conditions. The main objective of the work is to study erosion–corrosion of a material with engineering application and mitigate it using eco-friendly green inhibitor. Experiments were performed with the sand concentration of 0.3% and 0.3 μm size. The effect of temperature and flow rate on the performance of inhibitor was explored. Electrochemical methods were adopted for erosion-corrosion measurements. Experiments revealed that starch could mitigate erosion-corrosion with a maximum reduction efficiency of 58% at temperature of 303 K and flow rate of 4 L·min–1. Inhibition efficiency decreased with increase in flowrate and temperature. EIS spectrum demonstrated that the corrosion process in the presence on inhibitor was both charge transfer and mass transfer controlled. A key role of hydrodynamics in the performance of corrosion inhibitor was confirmed by the present study.
