AIM： To determine the association of Helicobacter pylori （H pylorl） CagA^＋ infection and pro-inflammatory polymorphisms of the genes interleukin （IL）-IRN and IL-1B with the risk of gastric atrophy and peptic ulc...AIM： To determine the association of Helicobacter pylori （H pylorl） CagA^＋ infection and pro-inflammatory polymorphisms of the genes interleukin （IL）-IRN and IL-1B with the risk of gastric atrophy and peptic ulcers in a dyspeptic population in Costa Rica, a country with high incidence and mortality of gastric cancer. METHODS： Seven biopsy specimens, a fasting blood sample and a questionnaire concerning nutritional and sociodemographic factors were obtained from 501 consecutive patients who had undergone endoscopy for dyspeptic symptoms. A histopathological diagnosis was made. Pepsinogen concentrations were analyzed by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. Infection with H pylori CagA^＋ was determined by serology and polymerase chain reaction （PCR）. IL-1B and IL-1RN polymorphisms genotyping was performed by PCRrestriction fragment length polymorphism （PCR-RFIP）and PCR respectively. RESULTS： In this dyspeptic population, 86% were Hpylori positive and of these, 67.8% were positive for CagA. Atrophic antral gastritis （AAG） was associated with CagA^＋ status [odd ratio （OR） = 4.1; P 〈 0.000] and fruit consumption （OR = 0.3; P 〈 0.00）. Atrophic body gastritis （ABG） was associated with pepsinogen PGI/PGII 〈 3.4 （OR = 4.9; P 〈 0.04） and alcohol consumption （OR = 7.3; P 〈 0.02）. Duodenal ulcer was associated with CagA^＋ （OR = 2.9; P 〈 0.04） and smoking （OR = 2.4; P 〈 0.04）. PGI 〈 60 μg/L as well as PGI/PGII 〈 3.4 were associated with CagA^＋. CONCLUSION： In a dyspeptic population in Costa Rica, H pylori CagA^＋ is not associated with ABG, but it is a risk factor for AAG. The pro-inflammatory cytokine poly- morphisms IL-1B ＋ 3945 and IL-1RN are not associated with the atrophic lesions of this dyspeptic population.展开更多
High-spin states in182Au have been produced and studied via the152Sm(35Cl,5nγ)182Au reaction. The level scheme consisting of the πh 9/2?νi 13/2 and πi 13/2?νi 13/2 bands has been established for the first time. T...High-spin states in182Au have been produced and studied via the152Sm(35Cl,5nγ)182Au reaction. The level scheme consisting of the πh 9/2?νi 13/2 and πi 13/2?νi 13/2 bands has been established for the first time. The low spin signature inversion in both bands has been found. The observed signature inversion phenomena can be interpreted qualitatively using the pairing and deformation self-consistent cranked Wood-Saxon calculations.展开更多
Objective: To determine schistosomiasis level and risk factors that exposed school-aged children to infection as well as to model schistosomiasis map in relation to altitude and rainfall in Gashaka Local Government Ar...Objective: To determine schistosomiasis level and risk factors that exposed school-aged children to infection as well as to model schistosomiasis map in relation to altitude and rainfall in Gashaka Local Government Area, Taraba State, Nigeria.Methods: The study was conducted between January 2014 and June 2014. Urine and faecal samples were collected from 1 080 school-aged children and processed using the filtration and formol–ether concentration techniques, respectively.Results: Irrespective of the schistosomes species, a point prevalence of 10.18% was reported out of the 1 080 children examined. Males were significantly infected than their female counterparts(11.75% vs. 8.43%)(χ2= 4.86; P = 0.027), as well as children aged6–10(11.65%, 72/618) and 11–15 years(10.29%, 35/340) than the other age groups(χ2= 9.274; P = 0.026). No significant difference was observed in schistosomiasis between children whose parents were educated(11.11%, 57/513) and not educated(9.88%,53/536)(χ2= 1.342; P = 0.247) and those whose parents are farmers(9.74%, 53/544) and non-farmers(10.63%, 57/536)(χ~2= 0.787; P = 0.375). Proximity to water bodies(distance < 500 m)(odds ratio = 1.809, confidence interval = 1.057–3.094; P = 0.003 1)and fishing(odds ratio = 2.632, confidence interval = 1.397–4.958; P = 0.003) were the risk factors exposing children to infection. The spatial distribution pattern of schistosomiasis showed that the infection was significantly higher in Serti A(22.2%, 26/180) and Mayo-Selbe(21.1%, 38/180) than the other localities(χ~2= 92.99; P = 0.000).Conclusions: This study reported a moderate level of infection among school-aged children with proximity to water bodies and fishing as the main risk factors. The spatial distribution of schistosomiasis in the area will guide in efficient and effective control programmes at local level. It is recommended that continued efforts be made to scale-up distribution of praziquantel to high risk areas so as to curb the progression of the disease.展开更多
Low-spin signature inversion in theπh9/2■vi_(13/2)band was reported for the first time by Bark et al.~[1]in^(162,164)Tm and^(174)Ta in 1997.Since then,this inversion phenomenon has been found in several neighboring ...Low-spin signature inversion in theπh9/2■vi_(13/2)band was reported for the first time by Bark et al.~[1]in^(162,164)Tm and^(174)Ta in 1997.Since then,this inversion phenomenon has been found in several neighboring odd-odd nuclei.During the past few years,we have made great efforts to investigate the band structures in odd-odd nuclei in this mass rgion,leading to observation of signature invesion in^(170)Ta,^(172)Re,^(176~280)Ir and ^(182)Au,respectively.展开更多
Low-spin signature inversion is a very interesting phenomenon observed in a number of deformed odd-odd nuclei and it has been attracting large experimental and theoretical interests.Up to date,the signature inversion ...Low-spin signature inversion is a very interesting phenomenon observed in a number of deformed odd-odd nuclei and it has been attracting large experimental and theoretical interests.Up to date,the signature inversion has been systematically observed throughout the chart of nuclides in theπg_(9/2)■vg_(9/2),πh_(11/2),πh_(11/2)■vi_(13/2),andπh_(9/2)■vi_(13/2)configurations.展开更多
Assessing plant water status is important for monitoring plant physiology. Radio signals are attenuated when passing through vegetation. Both analytical and empirical models developed for radio frequency (RF) loss thr...Assessing plant water status is important for monitoring plant physiology. Radio signals are attenuated when passing through vegetation. Both analytical and empirical models developed for radio frequency (RF) loss through vegetation have been dependent on experimental measurements and those measurements have been completed in specific situations. However, for models to be more broadly applicable across a broad range of vegetation types and constructs, basic electrical properties of the vegetation need to be characterised. Radio waves are affected especially by water and the relationship between water content in vegetation expressed as effective water path (EWP) in mm and measured RF loss (dB) at 2.4 GHz was investigated in this work. The EWP of eucalyptus leaves of varying amounts of leaf moisture (0% - 41.5%) ranged from 0 - 14 mm, respectively. When the model was compared with the actual RF loss there was a systematic offset equivalent to a residual leaf moisture content of 6.5% that was unaccounted for in the leaf moisture content determination (oven drying). This was attributed to bound water. When the model was adjusted for this amount of additional leaf water, the average RMSE in predicted RF loss was ±2.2 dB and was found to explain 89% of the variance in measured RF loss.展开更多
High-spin states of odd-odd^(182)Au has been studied for the first time,by USing^(152)Sm(^(35)Cl,5n)^(182)Au reaction at 183MeV beam energy.The^(35)Cl beam was provided by the JAERI(Japan Atomic Energy Research Instit...High-spin states of odd-odd^(182)Au has been studied for the first time,by USing^(152)Sm(^(35)Cl,5n)^(182)Au reaction at 183MeV beam energy.The^(35)Cl beam was provided by the JAERI(Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute)tandem accelerator.The target is an enriched^(152)Sm metallic fon of 1 mg/cm^2 thickhess with 5 mg/cm^2展开更多
基金Supported by The Centre Culturel et de Cooperation Scientifique de l'Ambassade de France au Costa Rica and the University of Costa Rica, No. 742-99-340
文摘AIM： To determine the association of Helicobacter pylori （H pylorl） CagA^＋ infection and pro-inflammatory polymorphisms of the genes interleukin （IL）-IRN and IL-1B with the risk of gastric atrophy and peptic ulcers in a dyspeptic population in Costa Rica, a country with high incidence and mortality of gastric cancer. METHODS： Seven biopsy specimens, a fasting blood sample and a questionnaire concerning nutritional and sociodemographic factors were obtained from 501 consecutive patients who had undergone endoscopy for dyspeptic symptoms. A histopathological diagnosis was made. Pepsinogen concentrations were analyzed by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. Infection with H pylori CagA^＋ was determined by serology and polymerase chain reaction （PCR）. IL-1B and IL-1RN polymorphisms genotyping was performed by PCRrestriction fragment length polymorphism （PCR-RFIP）and PCR respectively. RESULTS： In this dyspeptic population, 86% were Hpylori positive and of these, 67.8% were positive for CagA. Atrophic antral gastritis （AAG） was associated with CagA^＋ status [odd ratio （OR） = 4.1; P 〈 0.000] and fruit consumption （OR = 0.3; P 〈 0.00）. Atrophic body gastritis （ABG） was associated with pepsinogen PGI/PGII 〈 3.4 （OR = 4.9; P 〈 0.04） and alcohol consumption （OR = 7.3; P 〈 0.02）. Duodenal ulcer was associated with CagA^＋ （OR = 2.9; P 〈 0.04） and smoking （OR = 2.4; P 〈 0.04）. PGI 〈 60 μg/L as well as PGI/PGII 〈 3.4 were associated with CagA^＋. CONCLUSION： In a dyspeptic population in Costa Rica, H pylori CagA^＋ is not associated with ABG, but it is a risk factor for AAG. The pro-inflammatory cytokine poly- morphisms IL-1B ＋ 3945 and IL-1RN are not associated with the atrophic lesions of this dyspeptic population.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.10025525)Japan STA Scientist Exchange Program(Grant No.1998-21)+2 种基金JSPS Invitation Fellowship(Grant No.L00515)the Major State Basic Research Development Program of China(Grant No.G20000774)the Chinese Academy of Sciences
文摘High-spin states in182Au have been produced and studied via the152Sm(35Cl,5nγ)182Au reaction. The level scheme consisting of the πh 9/2?νi 13/2 and πi 13/2?νi 13/2 bands has been established for the first time. The low spin signature inversion in both bands has been found. The observed signature inversion phenomena can be interpreted qualitatively using the pairing and deformation self-consistent cranked Wood-Saxon calculations.
基金Supported by the Tertiary Education Fund (Tetfund),Nigeria under Grant No:TETFUND/TSU/14/017
文摘Objective: To determine schistosomiasis level and risk factors that exposed school-aged children to infection as well as to model schistosomiasis map in relation to altitude and rainfall in Gashaka Local Government Area, Taraba State, Nigeria.Methods: The study was conducted between January 2014 and June 2014. Urine and faecal samples were collected from 1 080 school-aged children and processed using the filtration and formol–ether concentration techniques, respectively.Results: Irrespective of the schistosomes species, a point prevalence of 10.18% was reported out of the 1 080 children examined. Males were significantly infected than their female counterparts(11.75% vs. 8.43%)(χ2= 4.86; P = 0.027), as well as children aged6–10(11.65%, 72/618) and 11–15 years(10.29%, 35/340) than the other age groups(χ2= 9.274; P = 0.026). No significant difference was observed in schistosomiasis between children whose parents were educated(11.11%, 57/513) and not educated(9.88%,53/536)(χ2= 1.342; P = 0.247) and those whose parents are farmers(9.74%, 53/544) and non-farmers(10.63%, 57/536)(χ~2= 0.787; P = 0.375). Proximity to water bodies(distance < 500 m)(odds ratio = 1.809, confidence interval = 1.057–3.094; P = 0.003 1)and fishing(odds ratio = 2.632, confidence interval = 1.397–4.958; P = 0.003) were the risk factors exposing children to infection. The spatial distribution pattern of schistosomiasis showed that the infection was significantly higher in Serti A(22.2%, 26/180) and Mayo-Selbe(21.1%, 38/180) than the other localities(χ~2= 92.99; P = 0.000).Conclusions: This study reported a moderate level of infection among school-aged children with proximity to water bodies and fishing as the main risk factors. The spatial distribution of schistosomiasis in the area will guide in efficient and effective control programmes at local level. It is recommended that continued efforts be made to scale-up distribution of praziquantel to high risk areas so as to curb the progression of the disease.
基金Supported by NNSF of China,STA Scientist Exchange Program and Major State Basic Research Development Program of China.
文摘Low-spin signature inversion in theπh9/2■vi_(13/2)band was reported for the first time by Bark et al.~[1]in^(162,164)Tm and^(174)Ta in 1997.Since then,this inversion phenomenon has been found in several neighboring odd-odd nuclei.During the past few years,we have made great efforts to investigate the band structures in odd-odd nuclei in this mass rgion,leading to observation of signature invesion in^(170)Ta,^(172)Re,^(176~280)Ir and ^(182)Au,respectively.
基金Supported by NNSF of China,STA Scientist Exchange ProgramMajor State Basic Research Development Program of China.
文摘Low-spin signature inversion is a very interesting phenomenon observed in a number of deformed odd-odd nuclei and it has been attracting large experimental and theoretical interests.Up to date,the signature inversion has been systematically observed throughout the chart of nuclides in theπg_(9/2)■vg_(9/2),πh_(11/2),πh_(11/2)■vi_(13/2),andπh_(9/2)■vi_(13/2)configurations.
文摘Assessing plant water status is important for monitoring plant physiology. Radio signals are attenuated when passing through vegetation. Both analytical and empirical models developed for radio frequency (RF) loss through vegetation have been dependent on experimental measurements and those measurements have been completed in specific situations. However, for models to be more broadly applicable across a broad range of vegetation types and constructs, basic electrical properties of the vegetation need to be characterised. Radio waves are affected especially by water and the relationship between water content in vegetation expressed as effective water path (EWP) in mm and measured RF loss (dB) at 2.4 GHz was investigated in this work. The EWP of eucalyptus leaves of varying amounts of leaf moisture (0% - 41.5%) ranged from 0 - 14 mm, respectively. When the model was compared with the actual RF loss there was a systematic offset equivalent to a residual leaf moisture content of 6.5% that was unaccounted for in the leaf moisture content determination (oven drying). This was attributed to bound water. When the model was adjusted for this amount of additional leaf water, the average RMSE in predicted RF loss was ±2.2 dB and was found to explain 89% of the variance in measured RF loss.
基金Supported by NNSF of China,STA Scientist Exchange Program and Major State Basic Research Development Program of China.
文摘High-spin states of odd-odd^(182)Au has been studied for the first time,by USing^(152)Sm(^(35)Cl,5n)^(182)Au reaction at 183MeV beam energy.The^(35)Cl beam was provided by the JAERI(Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute)tandem accelerator.The target is an enriched^(152)Sm metallic fon of 1 mg/cm^2 thickhess with 5 mg/cm^2
