Introduction: Laryngeal cancer is the first cancer of upper aerodigestive tract. Dysphonia, dyspnea and dysphagia are evocative signs. Diagnosis is histological and squamous cell carcinoma is the most common type. The...Introduction: Laryngeal cancer is the first cancer of upper aerodigestive tract. Dysphonia, dyspnea and dysphagia are evocative signs. Diagnosis is histological and squamous cell carcinoma is the most common type. The objective of our study was to discuss epidemiological and anatomo-pathological characteristics of laryngeal cancers diagnosed in different pathological anatomy and cytology (ACP) laboratories of Dakar hospitals. Material and method: This was a retrospective study spanning from January 2013 to December 2018 at the pathological anatomy laboratories of Fann, Aristide Le Dantec and Idrissa Pouye hospitals. All patients with laryngeal cancer confirmed at histology were included. Data collection was based on clinical records of the patients and archives of histological reports of the pathological laboratories. Data analysis was performed under the Excel software. Results: We collected 215 cases of laryngeal cancer. The average age was 58.01 years with extremes of 07 and 94 years. The male sex was predominant with 183 patients (85.12%) against 32 women (14.88%). The most noted risk factor was tobacco which affected 14 patients, or 60.87%. Three patients (13.04%) did not present any alcohol-smoking impregnation. Clinically, dysphonia was noted in 22 patients (26.51%). It was associated with dyspnea in 0.48% of cases and dysphagia in 3.61%. Laryngoscopy was performed in 62 patients or 28.83% of cases, nasofibroscopy in 6.45% of cases. Cord arythenoid fixity was noted in two patients (3.23%) and hypo-mobility in 1 patient (1.61%). The most frequent local extension was involvement of the piriform sinus with 11.29% of cases. Palpable lymphadenopathy reported in 17 patients (20.48%). Pathological examination was performed in all patients after post endoscopic biopsy in 92 patients (42.79%), and after obtaining the operative specimen in 123 cases (57.21%). The three floors affected 76 patients (35.35%). The ulcerative budding aspect most noted concerned 108 patients (60.97%). Histologically, it was a squamous cel展开更多
目的系统评价有氧运动(AT)、抗阻运动(RT)及有氧联合抗阻运动(AT+RT)对2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者腹部内脏脂肪(VAT)、皮下脂肪(SAT)的影响。方法计算机检索Embase、Web of Science、MEDLINE、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、中国期刊全文数据...目的系统评价有氧运动(AT)、抗阻运动(RT)及有氧联合抗阻运动(AT+RT)对2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者腹部内脏脂肪(VAT)、皮下脂肪(SAT)的影响。方法计算机检索Embase、Web of Science、MEDLINE、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)、万方数字化期刊全文数据库及中文科技期刊全文数据库(VIP)中关于有氧、抗阻及联合运动对2型糖尿病患者VAT和SAT影响的随机对照试验(RCT),提取纳入研究的特征信息。用RevMan5.3软件对纳入文献数据进行Meta分析。结果最终纳入14篇文献,共864例患者。Meta分析结果显示:与对照组相比,运动可以降低T2DM患者VAT和SAT(P<0.01);亚组分析结果显示,有氧、抗阻、有氧联合抗阻运动均能够显著降低T2DM患者的VAT水平(P<0.05)。另外,有氧运动能够显著降低SAT水平(P<0.01),然而抗阻、有氧联合抗阻运动组与对照组在降低SAT水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论三种不同运动均能够降低T2DM患者的VAT,且VAT水平降低比SAT降低效果更显著;其中有氧运动降低腹部脂肪幅度效果优于其它两种运动,抗阻及有氧联合抗阻运动有降低SAT的趋势,但考虑到此次纳入文献质量为中等,且关于抗阻和有氧联合抗阻运动对T2DM患者内脏及皮下脂肪的研究较少,因此其有效性仍需要大样本、高质量的研究进一步探讨。展开更多
<strong>Background</strong>: Brain atrophy and cognitive deficits persist among individuals with suppressed HIV disease. The impact of cannabis use is unknown. <strong>Methods</strong>: HIV+ an...<strong>Background</strong>: Brain atrophy and cognitive deficits persist among individuals with suppressed HIV disease. The impact of cannabis use is unknown. <strong>Methods</strong>: HIV+ and HIV- participants underwent cross-sectional magnetic resonance imaging and neuropsychological testing. Lifetime frequency, duration (years), and recency of cannabis use were self-reported. Relationships of cannabis use to resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) and to 9 regional brain volumes were assessed with corrections for multiple comparisons. Peripheral blood cytokines and monocyte subsets were measured in the HIV+ group and examined in relation to cannabis exposure. <strong>Results</strong>: We evaluated 52 HIV+ [50.8 ± 7.1 years old;100% on antiretroviral therapy ≥ 3 months;83% with plasma viral load < 50 copies/mL] and 55 HIV- [54.0 ± 7.5 years old] individuals. Among HIV+ participants, recent cannabis use (within 12 months) was associated with diminished RSFC, including of occipital cortex, controlling for age. Duration of use correlated negatively with volumes of all regions (most strikingly the nucleus accumbens) independently of recent use and intracranial volume. Recent use was associated with larger caudate and white matter volumes and lower soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 concentrations. Duration of use correlated positively with psychomotor speed. Use > 10 times/lifetime was linked to more somatic symptoms, better executive function, and lower CD14<sup>+</sup>CD16<sup><span style="white-space:normal;"><sup></sup></span>++</sup><span style="white-space:normal;"></span> monocyte count. <strong>Conclusion</strong>: HIV+ individuals demonstrated opposing associations with cannabis. Recent use may weaken RSFC and prolonged consumption may exacerbate atrophy of the accumbens and other brain regions. More frequent or recent cannabis use may reduce the inflammation and CD14<sup><span style="white-space:normal;"><sup></sup></span>+</sup><span style="white-s展开更多
Introduction: The practice of auto-medication is on the rise in most sub-Saharan countries. The effects of these may be associated with increased drug resistance in the future, complication of the course of a disease,...Introduction: The practice of auto-medication is on the rise in most sub-Saharan countries. The effects of these may be associated with increased drug resistance in the future, complication of the course of a disease, adverse drug interactions etc. Auto-medication is of course a global public health concern, which requires appropriate attention to evade future undesirable effects. Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the knowledge, prevalence and associated determinants of auto-medication in the Limbe municipality. Method: This was a community-based cross-sectional study, conducted among 284 enrolled participants in Limbe Health District between January to August 2021. A structured questionnaire-based interview was used to collect data from each study subject. Then, data were categorised and analysed using SPSS version 20 software. Results: Majority of 213 (75%) of the participants practised auto-medication. The most frequently reported auto-medication symptoms were fever and headache 202 (71.1%). 95 (15.6%) practised auto-medication because they believed it saved time, meanwhile 5 (0.8%) had the belief that health personnel are too busy in the hospital with lots of patients to serve. Concerning knowledge, 68.9%, 13.1% and 18.2% had grading as Good, Poor and uncertain respectively. 58.3% of participants had a positive attitude towards auto-medication while 12.7% were indifferent. Factors associated with the use of auto-medication included: Age (p Conclusion: The prevalence of auto-medication remains increasingly high;there is a need for community sensitization to avert the negatives of such practices. The knowledge on auto-medication is fairly above average.展开更多
Background: Infertility affected 10% to 25% of couples globally, and about half of the infertility cases were reported in sub-Saharan Africa. Infertility poses significant social, cultural, and health challenges, part...Background: Infertility affected 10% to 25% of couples globally, and about half of the infertility cases were reported in sub-Saharan Africa. Infertility poses significant social, cultural, and health challenges, particularly for women who often face stigmatization. However, comprehensive and nationally representative data, including prevalence, temporal trends, and risk factors, are lacking, prompting a study in Burkina Faso to address the need for informed policies and programs in infertility care and management. Objectives: This study aims to better understand the spatiotemporal trend of infertility prevalence in Burkina Faso. Methodology: This is a retrospective population-based study of women infertility from healthcare facilities in Burkina Faso, during January 2011 to December 2020. We calculated the prevalence rates of infertility and two disparity measures, and examined the spatiotemporal trend of infertility. Results: Over the 10-year period (2011 to 2020), 143,421 infertility cases were recorded in Burkina Faso healthcare facilities, resulting of a mean prevalence rate of 3.61‰ among childbearing age women and 17.87‰ among women who consulted healthcare facilities for reproductive issues (except contraception). The findings revealed a significant increase of infertility, with the prevalence rate varied from 2.75‰ in 2011 to 4.62‰ in 2020 among childbearing age women and from 13.38‰ in 2011 to 26.28‰ in 2020 among women who consulted healthcare facilities for reproductive issues, corresponding to an estimate annual percentage change of 8.31% and 9.80% respectively. There were significant temporal and geographic variations in the prevalence of infertility. While relative geographic disparity decreased, absolute geographic disparity showed an increasing trend over time. Conclusion: The study highlights an increasing trend of infertility prevalence and significant geographic variation in Burkina Faso, underscoring the urgent necessity for etiologic research on risk factors, psychosocial implica展开更多
Prekallikrein deficiency is a disorder that often remains undiagnosed. Prekallikrein activates factor XII, which initiates the intrinsic coagulation pathway. Prekallikrein deficiency results in prolonged Partial Throm...Prekallikrein deficiency is a disorder that often remains undiagnosed. Prekallikrein activates factor XII, which initiates the intrinsic coagulation pathway. Prekallikrein deficiency results in prolonged Partial Thromboplastin Time and Activated Clotting Time in absence of anticoagulants or active bleeding. This case report describes the anesthesia management of a patient with Prekallikrein deficiency who underwent cardiac surgery with Cardiopulmonary Bypass for correction of a congenital cardiac malformation. We highlight the importance of understanding the different tests available for the diagnosis of coagulation factors deficiency during administration of heparin in the setting of cardiovascular procedures under general anesthesia.展开更多
文摘Introduction: Laryngeal cancer is the first cancer of upper aerodigestive tract. Dysphonia, dyspnea and dysphagia are evocative signs. Diagnosis is histological and squamous cell carcinoma is the most common type. The objective of our study was to discuss epidemiological and anatomo-pathological characteristics of laryngeal cancers diagnosed in different pathological anatomy and cytology (ACP) laboratories of Dakar hospitals. Material and method: This was a retrospective study spanning from January 2013 to December 2018 at the pathological anatomy laboratories of Fann, Aristide Le Dantec and Idrissa Pouye hospitals. All patients with laryngeal cancer confirmed at histology were included. Data collection was based on clinical records of the patients and archives of histological reports of the pathological laboratories. Data analysis was performed under the Excel software. Results: We collected 215 cases of laryngeal cancer. The average age was 58.01 years with extremes of 07 and 94 years. The male sex was predominant with 183 patients (85.12%) against 32 women (14.88%). The most noted risk factor was tobacco which affected 14 patients, or 60.87%. Three patients (13.04%) did not present any alcohol-smoking impregnation. Clinically, dysphonia was noted in 22 patients (26.51%). It was associated with dyspnea in 0.48% of cases and dysphagia in 3.61%. Laryngoscopy was performed in 62 patients or 28.83% of cases, nasofibroscopy in 6.45% of cases. Cord arythenoid fixity was noted in two patients (3.23%) and hypo-mobility in 1 patient (1.61%). The most frequent local extension was involvement of the piriform sinus with 11.29% of cases. Palpable lymphadenopathy reported in 17 patients (20.48%). Pathological examination was performed in all patients after post endoscopic biopsy in 92 patients (42.79%), and after obtaining the operative specimen in 123 cases (57.21%). The three floors affected 76 patients (35.35%). The ulcerative budding aspect most noted concerned 108 patients (60.97%). Histologically, it was a squamous cel
文摘目的系统评价有氧运动(AT)、抗阻运动(RT)及有氧联合抗阻运动(AT+RT)对2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者腹部内脏脂肪(VAT)、皮下脂肪(SAT)的影响。方法计算机检索Embase、Web of Science、MEDLINE、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)、万方数字化期刊全文数据库及中文科技期刊全文数据库(VIP)中关于有氧、抗阻及联合运动对2型糖尿病患者VAT和SAT影响的随机对照试验(RCT),提取纳入研究的特征信息。用RevMan5.3软件对纳入文献数据进行Meta分析。结果最终纳入14篇文献,共864例患者。Meta分析结果显示:与对照组相比,运动可以降低T2DM患者VAT和SAT(P<0.01);亚组分析结果显示,有氧、抗阻、有氧联合抗阻运动均能够显著降低T2DM患者的VAT水平(P<0.05)。另外,有氧运动能够显著降低SAT水平(P<0.01),然而抗阻、有氧联合抗阻运动组与对照组在降低SAT水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论三种不同运动均能够降低T2DM患者的VAT,且VAT水平降低比SAT降低效果更显著;其中有氧运动降低腹部脂肪幅度效果优于其它两种运动,抗阻及有氧联合抗阻运动有降低SAT的趋势,但考虑到此次纳入文献质量为中等,且关于抗阻和有氧联合抗阻运动对T2DM患者内脏及皮下脂肪的研究较少,因此其有效性仍需要大样本、高质量的研究进一步探讨。
文摘<strong>Background</strong>: Brain atrophy and cognitive deficits persist among individuals with suppressed HIV disease. The impact of cannabis use is unknown. <strong>Methods</strong>: HIV+ and HIV- participants underwent cross-sectional magnetic resonance imaging and neuropsychological testing. Lifetime frequency, duration (years), and recency of cannabis use were self-reported. Relationships of cannabis use to resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) and to 9 regional brain volumes were assessed with corrections for multiple comparisons. Peripheral blood cytokines and monocyte subsets were measured in the HIV+ group and examined in relation to cannabis exposure. <strong>Results</strong>: We evaluated 52 HIV+ [50.8 ± 7.1 years old;100% on antiretroviral therapy ≥ 3 months;83% with plasma viral load < 50 copies/mL] and 55 HIV- [54.0 ± 7.5 years old] individuals. Among HIV+ participants, recent cannabis use (within 12 months) was associated with diminished RSFC, including of occipital cortex, controlling for age. Duration of use correlated negatively with volumes of all regions (most strikingly the nucleus accumbens) independently of recent use and intracranial volume. Recent use was associated with larger caudate and white matter volumes and lower soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 concentrations. Duration of use correlated positively with psychomotor speed. Use > 10 times/lifetime was linked to more somatic symptoms, better executive function, and lower CD14<sup>+</sup>CD16<sup><span style="white-space:normal;"><sup></sup></span>++</sup><span style="white-space:normal;"></span> monocyte count. <strong>Conclusion</strong>: HIV+ individuals demonstrated opposing associations with cannabis. Recent use may weaken RSFC and prolonged consumption may exacerbate atrophy of the accumbens and other brain regions. More frequent or recent cannabis use may reduce the inflammation and CD14<sup><span style="white-space:normal;"><sup></sup></span>+</sup><span style="white-s
文摘Introduction: The practice of auto-medication is on the rise in most sub-Saharan countries. The effects of these may be associated with increased drug resistance in the future, complication of the course of a disease, adverse drug interactions etc. Auto-medication is of course a global public health concern, which requires appropriate attention to evade future undesirable effects. Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the knowledge, prevalence and associated determinants of auto-medication in the Limbe municipality. Method: This was a community-based cross-sectional study, conducted among 284 enrolled participants in Limbe Health District between January to August 2021. A structured questionnaire-based interview was used to collect data from each study subject. Then, data were categorised and analysed using SPSS version 20 software. Results: Majority of 213 (75%) of the participants practised auto-medication. The most frequently reported auto-medication symptoms were fever and headache 202 (71.1%). 95 (15.6%) practised auto-medication because they believed it saved time, meanwhile 5 (0.8%) had the belief that health personnel are too busy in the hospital with lots of patients to serve. Concerning knowledge, 68.9%, 13.1% and 18.2% had grading as Good, Poor and uncertain respectively. 58.3% of participants had a positive attitude towards auto-medication while 12.7% were indifferent. Factors associated with the use of auto-medication included: Age (p Conclusion: The prevalence of auto-medication remains increasingly high;there is a need for community sensitization to avert the negatives of such practices. The knowledge on auto-medication is fairly above average.
文摘Background: Infertility affected 10% to 25% of couples globally, and about half of the infertility cases were reported in sub-Saharan Africa. Infertility poses significant social, cultural, and health challenges, particularly for women who often face stigmatization. However, comprehensive and nationally representative data, including prevalence, temporal trends, and risk factors, are lacking, prompting a study in Burkina Faso to address the need for informed policies and programs in infertility care and management. Objectives: This study aims to better understand the spatiotemporal trend of infertility prevalence in Burkina Faso. Methodology: This is a retrospective population-based study of women infertility from healthcare facilities in Burkina Faso, during January 2011 to December 2020. We calculated the prevalence rates of infertility and two disparity measures, and examined the spatiotemporal trend of infertility. Results: Over the 10-year period (2011 to 2020), 143,421 infertility cases were recorded in Burkina Faso healthcare facilities, resulting of a mean prevalence rate of 3.61‰ among childbearing age women and 17.87‰ among women who consulted healthcare facilities for reproductive issues (except contraception). The findings revealed a significant increase of infertility, with the prevalence rate varied from 2.75‰ in 2011 to 4.62‰ in 2020 among childbearing age women and from 13.38‰ in 2011 to 26.28‰ in 2020 among women who consulted healthcare facilities for reproductive issues, corresponding to an estimate annual percentage change of 8.31% and 9.80% respectively. There were significant temporal and geographic variations in the prevalence of infertility. While relative geographic disparity decreased, absolute geographic disparity showed an increasing trend over time. Conclusion: The study highlights an increasing trend of infertility prevalence and significant geographic variation in Burkina Faso, underscoring the urgent necessity for etiologic research on risk factors, psychosocial implica
文摘Prekallikrein deficiency is a disorder that often remains undiagnosed. Prekallikrein activates factor XII, which initiates the intrinsic coagulation pathway. Prekallikrein deficiency results in prolonged Partial Thromboplastin Time and Activated Clotting Time in absence of anticoagulants or active bleeding. This case report describes the anesthesia management of a patient with Prekallikrein deficiency who underwent cardiac surgery with Cardiopulmonary Bypass for correction of a congenital cardiac malformation. We highlight the importance of understanding the different tests available for the diagnosis of coagulation factors deficiency during administration of heparin in the setting of cardiovascular procedures under general anesthesia.
