BACKGROUND Dysfunction of the glymphatic system in the brain in different stages of altered glucose metabolism and its influencing factors are not well characterized.AIM To investigate the function of the glymphatic s...BACKGROUND Dysfunction of the glymphatic system in the brain in different stages of altered glucose metabolism and its influencing factors are not well characterized.AIM To investigate the function of the glymphatic system and its clinical correlates in patients with different glucose metabolism states,the present study employed diffusion tensor imaging along the perivascular space(DTI-ALPS)index.METHODS Sample size was calculated using the pwr package in R software.This crosssectional study enrolled 22 patients with normal glucose metabolism(NGM),20 patients with prediabetes,and 22 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).A 3.0T magnetic resonance imaging was used to evaluate the function of the glymphatic system.The mini-mental state examination(MMSE)was used to assess general cognitive function.The DTI-ALPS index of bilateral basal ganglia and the mean DTI-ALPS index was calculated.Further,the correlation between DTI-ALPS and clinical features was assessed.RESULTS The left-side,right-side,and mean DTI-ALPS index in the T2DM group were significantly lower than that in the NGM group.The right-side DTI-ALPS and mean DTI-ALPS index in the T2DM group were significantly lower than those in the prediabetes group.DTI-ALPS index lateralization was not observed.The MMSE score in the T2DM group was significantly lower than that in the NGM and prediabetes group.After controlling for sex,the left-side DTI-ALPS and mean DTI-ALPS index in the prediabetes group were positively correlated with 2-hour postprandial blood glucose level;the left-side DTI-ALPS index was negatively correlated with total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein level.The right-side DTI-ALPS and mean DTI-ALPS index were negatively correlated with the glycosylated hemoglobin level and waist-to-hip ratio in the prediabetes group.The left-side,right-side,and mean DTI-ALPS index in the T2DM group were positively correlated with height.The left-side and mean DTIALPS index in the T2DM group were negatively correlated with high-density lipoprotein levels.展开更多
目的探究细颗粒物(Fine particulate matter,PM_(2.5))组分黑碳、铵盐、硫酸盐、硝酸盐、有机物对体质指数(body mass index,BMI)的长期效应。方法基于中国健康与养老追踪调查(China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study,CHARLS)2...目的探究细颗粒物(Fine particulate matter,PM_(2.5))组分黑碳、铵盐、硫酸盐、硝酸盐、有机物对体质指数(body mass index,BMI)的长期效应。方法基于中国健康与养老追踪调查(China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study,CHARLS)2011年和2015年的数据库中4717名≥45岁的中老年人个体资料,应用贝叶斯核机器回归(Bayesian kernel machine regression,BKMR)探究黑碳、铵盐、硫酸盐、硝酸盐、有机物对BMI的单独效应、交互作用及其联合效应。结果硫酸盐的后验包含概率(posterior inclusion probabilities,PIP)为0.99,黑碳PIP值为0.94,铵盐PIP值为0.80,三种成分均与BMI显著有关。当其余四种变量固定在P_(25)、P_(50)、P_(75)时,黑碳每增加1个IQR,BMI水平分别上升1.15(95%CI:-0.03,2.33)、1.45(95%CI:0.41,2.49)、1.61(95%CI:0.47,2.75)kg/m^(2)。将其他成分固定在P_(25)、P_(50)、P_(75)时,铵盐每增加1个IQR,BMI水平分别上升1.12(95%CI:-0.50,2.74)、1.33(95%CI:-0.16,2.82)、1.51(95%CI:0.003,3.02)kg/m^(2)。将其他成分固定在P_(25)、P_(50)、P_(75)时硫酸盐每增加1个IQR,BMI水平与其呈负相关,效应值分别为-2.66(95%CI:-4.07,-1.25)、-2.59(95%CI:-3.84,-1.34)、-2.36(95%CI:-3.78,-0.94)kg/m^(2)。联合效应结果发现PM_(2.5)混合组分联合暴露与BMI水平总体呈正相关。结论本研究发现黑碳、铵盐单独暴露会提高中国中老年人的BMI水平,PM_(2.5)组分联合暴露与BMI之间也呈正相关关系,因此要加强对PM_(2.5)及其成分黑碳、铵盐的防控。展开更多
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of co-culture between colon cancer cells （SW1116） and human liver sinusoidal endothelial cells （HLSECs） on cancer cell metastasis, and to provide a novel model for studying the ...OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of co-culture between colon cancer cells （SW1116） and human liver sinusoidal endothelial cells （HLSECs） on cancer cell metastasis, and to provide a novel model for studying the mechanism of colon cancer liver metastasis. METHODS HLSECs and SW1116 were co-cultured for 21 rounds in vitro. Transwell migration, gelatin-zymography, CCK-8 proliferation and colony formation assays were used to examine the invasion, proliferation, and colony forming ability of cancer cells. Assays were carried out to examine tumor growth ability and liver metastasis. The associated molecular change was examined by western blotting. RESULTS After 21 selection rounds, colon cancer cells SWl 1161）21 displayed a clear boundary. Compared with the 5W1116 cells, SW1116P21 cells had a greater invasive ability, cell proliferation and colony formation in soft agar. A gelatin-zymography assay showed that the ability of SW1116P21 cells to secrete matrix metalloproteinase-2/9 was significantly greater than that of SWl116 cells. Additionally, the capacity for subcutaneous tumor formation of SW1116P21 was significantly increased. It was found that mice injected with SW1116P21 cells developed significantly more visually observable liver nodules than mice injected with SW1116 cells. Western blotting showed increased vimentin expression and decreased E-cadherin expression in the SW1116P21 cells, compared with the SWl 116 cells. CONCLUSION The interaction between SW1116 and HLSECs may promote tumor cell invasion, proliferation and colony formation in vitro, and tumor formation and liver metastasis in vivo. An epithelial-mesenchymal transition occurs in SWl 116P21 cells, which contributes to the change in the characteristics of tumor cells.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Dysfunction of the glymphatic system in the brain in different stages of altered glucose metabolism and its influencing factors are not well characterized.AIM To investigate the function of the glymphatic system and its clinical correlates in patients with different glucose metabolism states,the present study employed diffusion tensor imaging along the perivascular space(DTI-ALPS)index.METHODS Sample size was calculated using the pwr package in R software.This crosssectional study enrolled 22 patients with normal glucose metabolism(NGM),20 patients with prediabetes,and 22 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).A 3.0T magnetic resonance imaging was used to evaluate the function of the glymphatic system.The mini-mental state examination(MMSE)was used to assess general cognitive function.The DTI-ALPS index of bilateral basal ganglia and the mean DTI-ALPS index was calculated.Further,the correlation between DTI-ALPS and clinical features was assessed.RESULTS The left-side,right-side,and mean DTI-ALPS index in the T2DM group were significantly lower than that in the NGM group.The right-side DTI-ALPS and mean DTI-ALPS index in the T2DM group were significantly lower than those in the prediabetes group.DTI-ALPS index lateralization was not observed.The MMSE score in the T2DM group was significantly lower than that in the NGM and prediabetes group.After controlling for sex,the left-side DTI-ALPS and mean DTI-ALPS index in the prediabetes group were positively correlated with 2-hour postprandial blood glucose level;the left-side DTI-ALPS index was negatively correlated with total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein level.The right-side DTI-ALPS and mean DTI-ALPS index were negatively correlated with the glycosylated hemoglobin level and waist-to-hip ratio in the prediabetes group.The left-side,right-side,and mean DTI-ALPS index in the T2DM group were positively correlated with height.The left-side and mean DTIALPS index in the T2DM group were negatively correlated with high-density lipoprotein levels.
文摘目的探究细颗粒物(Fine particulate matter,PM_(2.5))组分黑碳、铵盐、硫酸盐、硝酸盐、有机物对体质指数(body mass index,BMI)的长期效应。方法基于中国健康与养老追踪调查(China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study,CHARLS)2011年和2015年的数据库中4717名≥45岁的中老年人个体资料,应用贝叶斯核机器回归(Bayesian kernel machine regression,BKMR)探究黑碳、铵盐、硫酸盐、硝酸盐、有机物对BMI的单独效应、交互作用及其联合效应。结果硫酸盐的后验包含概率(posterior inclusion probabilities,PIP)为0.99,黑碳PIP值为0.94,铵盐PIP值为0.80,三种成分均与BMI显著有关。当其余四种变量固定在P_(25)、P_(50)、P_(75)时,黑碳每增加1个IQR,BMI水平分别上升1.15(95%CI:-0.03,2.33)、1.45(95%CI:0.41,2.49)、1.61(95%CI:0.47,2.75)kg/m^(2)。将其他成分固定在P_(25)、P_(50)、P_(75)时,铵盐每增加1个IQR,BMI水平分别上升1.12(95%CI:-0.50,2.74)、1.33(95%CI:-0.16,2.82)、1.51(95%CI:0.003,3.02)kg/m^(2)。将其他成分固定在P_(25)、P_(50)、P_(75)时硫酸盐每增加1个IQR,BMI水平与其呈负相关,效应值分别为-2.66(95%CI:-4.07,-1.25)、-2.59(95%CI:-3.84,-1.34)、-2.36(95%CI:-3.78,-0.94)kg/m^(2)。联合效应结果发现PM_(2.5)混合组分联合暴露与BMI水平总体呈正相关。结论本研究发现黑碳、铵盐单独暴露会提高中国中老年人的BMI水平,PM_(2.5)组分联合暴露与BMI之间也呈正相关关系,因此要加强对PM_(2.5)及其成分黑碳、铵盐的防控。
文摘OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of co-culture between colon cancer cells （SW1116） and human liver sinusoidal endothelial cells （HLSECs） on cancer cell metastasis, and to provide a novel model for studying the mechanism of colon cancer liver metastasis. METHODS HLSECs and SW1116 were co-cultured for 21 rounds in vitro. Transwell migration, gelatin-zymography, CCK-8 proliferation and colony formation assays were used to examine the invasion, proliferation, and colony forming ability of cancer cells. Assays were carried out to examine tumor growth ability and liver metastasis. The associated molecular change was examined by western blotting. RESULTS After 21 selection rounds, colon cancer cells SWl 1161）21 displayed a clear boundary. Compared with the 5W1116 cells, SW1116P21 cells had a greater invasive ability, cell proliferation and colony formation in soft agar. A gelatin-zymography assay showed that the ability of SW1116P21 cells to secrete matrix metalloproteinase-2/9 was significantly greater than that of SWl116 cells. Additionally, the capacity for subcutaneous tumor formation of SW1116P21 was significantly increased. It was found that mice injected with SW1116P21 cells developed significantly more visually observable liver nodules than mice injected with SW1116 cells. Western blotting showed increased vimentin expression and decreased E-cadherin expression in the SW1116P21 cells, compared with the SWl 116 cells. CONCLUSION The interaction between SW1116 and HLSECs may promote tumor cell invasion, proliferation and colony formation in vitro, and tumor formation and liver metastasis in vivo. An epithelial-mesenchymal transition occurs in SWl 116P21 cells, which contributes to the change in the characteristics of tumor cells.
