Magnesium(Mg)alloys have been extensively used in various fields,such as aerospace,automobile,electronics,and biomedical industries,due to their high specific strength and stiff ness,excellent vibration absorption,ele...Magnesium(Mg)alloys have been extensively used in various fields,such as aerospace,automobile,electronics,and biomedical industries,due to their high specific strength and stiff ness,excellent vibration absorption,electromagnetic shielding eff ect,good machinability,and recyclability.Friction stir processing(FSP)is a severe plastic deformation technique,based on the principle of friction stir welding.In addition to introducing the basic principle and advantages of FSP,this paper reviews the studies of FSP in the modification of the cast structure,superplastic deformation behavior,preparation of finegrained Mg alloys and Mg-based surface composites,and additive manufacturing.FSP not only refines,homogenizes,and densifies the microstructure,but also eliminates the cast microstructure defects,breaks up the brittle and network-like phases,and prepares fine-grained,ultrafine-,and nano-grained Mg alloys.Indeed,FSP significantly improves the comprehensive mechanical properties of the alloys and achieves low-temperature and/or high strain rate superplasticity.Furthermore,FSP can produce particle-and fiber-reinforced Mg-based surface composites.As a promising additive manufacturing technique of light metals,FSP enables the additive manufacturing of Mg alloys.Finally,we prospect the future research direction and application with friction stir processed Mg alloys.展开更多
The chemical composition of Zanthoxylum bungeanum（Z bungeanum） essential oi1（39 batches） was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（GC-MS） analysis（23 ingredients）, and the antitumor activity against...The chemical composition of Zanthoxylum bungeanum（Z bungeanum） essential oi1（39 batches） was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（GC-MS） analysis（23 ingredients）, and the antitumor activity against HeLa cells was detected via the MTT[3-（4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl）-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] assay. Two composition-activity relationship（CAR） models, generalized regression neural network（GRNN） and support vector regression（SVR） were respectively used to calculate the mean impact value（MIV） so as to identify bioactive com- pounds. Among them 9 ingredients（peaks 4, 15, 7, 8, 13, 3, 16, 9 and 11） were selected due to their high absolute MIVs. All of them have been confirmed with potential antitumor activity by previous researches. The CAR model combined with MIV was expected to be a credible tool for the active compound identification from herbs.展开更多
This is the twelfth contribution to the Fungal Diversity Notes series on fungal taxonomy,based on materials collected from many countries which were examined and described using the methods of morphology,anatomy,and s...This is the twelfth contribution to the Fungal Diversity Notes series on fungal taxonomy,based on materials collected from many countries which were examined and described using the methods of morphology,anatomy,and strain culture,combined with DNA sequence analyses.110 taxa are described and illustrated,including five new genera,92 new species,eight new combinations and other taxonomic contributions(one new sequenced species,one new host and three new records)which are accommodated in 40 families and 1 incertae sedis in Dothideomycetes.The new genera are Amyloceraceomyces,Catenuliconidia,Hansenopezia,Ionopezia and Magnopulchromyces.The new species are Amyloceraceomyces angustisporus,Amylocorticium ellipsosporum,Arthrinium sorghi,Catenuliconidia uniseptata,Clavulina sphaeropedunculata,Colletotrichum parthenocissicola,Coniothyrium triseptatum,Cortinarius indorusseus,C.paurigarhwalensis,C.sinensis,C.subsanguineus,C.xiaojinensis,Diaporthe pimpinel-lae,Dictyosporella guizhouensis,Diplodia torilicola,Fuscoporia marquesiana,F.semiarida,Hansenopezia decora,Helicoarcta-tus thailandicus,Hirsutella hongheensis,Humidicutis brunneovinacea,Lentaria gossypina,L.variabilis,Lycoperdon lahorense,L.pseudocurtisii,Magnopulchromyces scorpiophorus,Moelleriella gracilispora,Neodevriesia manglicola,Neodidymelliopsis salvia,N.urticae,Neoroussoella magnoliae,Neottiella gigaspora,Ophiosphaerella chiangraiensis,Phaeotremella yunnanensis,Podosphaera yulii,Rigidoporus juniperinus,Rhodofomitopsis pseudofeei,Russula benghalensis,Scleroramularia vermispora,Scytinopogon minisporus,Sporormurispora paulsenii,Thaxteriellopsis obliqus,Tomentella asiae-orientalis,T.atrobadia,T.atrocastanea,T.aureomarginata,T.brevis,T.brunneoflava,T.brunneogrisea,T.capitatocystidiata,T.changbaiensis,T.citri-nocystidiata,T.coffeae,T.conclusa,T.cystidiata,T.dimidiata,T.duplexa,T.efibulata,T.efibulis,T.farinosa,T.flavidobadia,T.fuscocrustosa,T.fuscofarinosa,T.fuscogranulosa,T.fuscopelliculosa,T.globospora,T.gloeocystidiata,T.griseocastanea,T.griseofusca,T.griseomarginata展开更多
Methyl-CpG binding protein 2(MeCP2) is a basic nuclear protein involved in the regulation of gene expression and microRNA processing.Duplication of MECP2-containing genomic segments causes MECP2 duplication syndrome,a...Methyl-CpG binding protein 2(MeCP2) is a basic nuclear protein involved in the regulation of gene expression and microRNA processing.Duplication of MECP2-containing genomic segments causes MECP2 duplication syndrome,a severe neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by intellectual disability,motor dysfunction,heightened anxiety,epilepsy,autistic phenotypes,and early death.Reversal of the abnormal phenotypes in adult mice with MECP2 duplication(MECP2-TG) by normalizing the MeCP2 levels across the whole brain has been demonstrated.However,whether different brain areas or neural circuits contribute to different aspects of the behavioral deficits is still unknown.Here,we found that MECP2-TG mice showed a significant social recognition deficit,and were prone to display aversive-like behaviors,including heightened anxiety-like behaviors and a fear generalization phenotype.In addition,reduced locomotor activity was observed in MECP2-TG mice.However,appetitive behaviors and learning and memory were comparable in MECP2-TG and wild-type mice.Functional magnetic resonance imaging illustrated that the differences between MECP2-TG and wild-type mice were mainly concentrated in brain areas regulating emotion and social behaviors.We used the CRISPR-Cas9 method to restore normal MeCP2 levels in the medial prefrontal cortex(mPFC) and bed nuclei of the stria terminalis(BST) of adult MECP2-TG mice,and found that normalization of MeCP2 levels in the mPFC but not in the BST reversed the social recognition deficit.These data indicate that the mPFC is responsible for the social recognition deficit in the transgenic mice,and provide new insight into potential therapies for MECP2 duplication syndrome.展开更多
基金sponsorship from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51574192,51404180,51974220,and U1760201)the Key Industrial Research Program of Shaanxi Province,China(No.2017ZDXMGY-037)+1 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.Z20180407)the Youth Innovation Team of Shaanxi Universities(No.2019-2022).
文摘Magnesium(Mg)alloys have been extensively used in various fields,such as aerospace,automobile,electronics,and biomedical industries,due to their high specific strength and stiff ness,excellent vibration absorption,electromagnetic shielding eff ect,good machinability,and recyclability.Friction stir processing(FSP)is a severe plastic deformation technique,based on the principle of friction stir welding.In addition to introducing the basic principle and advantages of FSP,this paper reviews the studies of FSP in the modification of the cast structure,superplastic deformation behavior,preparation of finegrained Mg alloys and Mg-based surface composites,and additive manufacturing.FSP not only refines,homogenizes,and densifies the microstructure,but also eliminates the cast microstructure defects,breaks up the brittle and network-like phases,and prepares fine-grained,ultrafine-,and nano-grained Mg alloys.Indeed,FSP significantly improves the comprehensive mechanical properties of the alloys and achieves low-temperature and/or high strain rate superplasticity.Furthermore,FSP can produce particle-and fiber-reinforced Mg-based surface composites.As a promising additive manufacturing technique of light metals,FSP enables the additive manufacturing of Mg alloys.Finally,we prospect the future research direction and application with friction stir processed Mg alloys.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘The chemical composition of Zanthoxylum bungeanum（Z bungeanum） essential oi1（39 batches） was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（GC-MS） analysis（23 ingredients）, and the antitumor activity against HeLa cells was detected via the MTT[3-（4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl）-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] assay. Two composition-activity relationship（CAR） models, generalized regression neural network（GRNN） and support vector regression（SVR） were respectively used to calculate the mean impact value（MIV） so as to identify bioactive com- pounds. Among them 9 ingredients（peaks 4, 15, 7, 8, 13, 3, 16, 9 and 11） were selected due to their high absolute MIVs. All of them have been confirmed with potential antitumor activity by previous researches. The CAR model combined with MIV was expected to be a credible tool for the active compound identification from herbs.
基金the National Nature Science Foundation of China for the financial support(Project Nos.31770028,31970017 and 31470148)the Special Funds for the Young Scholars of Taxonomy of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Project No.ZSBR-015)+15 种基金the Qingyuan Forest CERN(Chinese Academy of Sciences)for supporting sampling in various ways.Yu-Cheng Dai would like to thank the National Natural Science Founda-tion of China(Project Nos.U1802231)the Second Tibetan Pla-teau Scientific Expedition and Research(STEP)Program(Grant No.2019QZKK0503)the Thailand Research Fund for the grant“Macrofungi diversity research from the Lancang-Mekong Watershed and surrounding areas contract”(No.DBG6280009)for supporting this work.the Croatian Science Foundation under the project ForFun-giDNA(IP-2018-01-1736)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Project Nos.31750001 and 31670016)Beijing Forestry University Outstanding Young Talent Cultivation Project(No.2019JQ03016)for financial support.Monika C.Dayarathne would like to acknowledge the projects,viz.National Natural Science Foundation of China(Project Nos.31560489 and 31972222)Science and technology basic work of MOST[2014FY120100]National Key Technology Research and Develop-ment Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2014BAD23B03/03)Talent project of Guizhou science and technol-ogy cooperation platform([2017]5788-5,[2019]5641)Guizhou science,technology department international cooperation base project([2018]5806)Guangyu Sun would like to thank the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Project Nos.31772113,31972220 and 31170015)China Agriculture Research System(CARS-27)for the financial support.the National Natu-ral Science Foundation of China(Project Nos.31670022,31470153 and 31970019)“111”Project(No.D17014)for financial sup-port.the Uttarakhand State Council for Science and Technology(UCoST)for financial support(Project No.UCSandT/RandD/LS-1/12-13/4912)on“Collection,identification,documentation of wild edible and medicinal mushrooms of Garhwa
文摘This is the twelfth contribution to the Fungal Diversity Notes series on fungal taxonomy,based on materials collected from many countries which were examined and described using the methods of morphology,anatomy,and strain culture,combined with DNA sequence analyses.110 taxa are described and illustrated,including five new genera,92 new species,eight new combinations and other taxonomic contributions(one new sequenced species,one new host and three new records)which are accommodated in 40 families and 1 incertae sedis in Dothideomycetes.The new genera are Amyloceraceomyces,Catenuliconidia,Hansenopezia,Ionopezia and Magnopulchromyces.The new species are Amyloceraceomyces angustisporus,Amylocorticium ellipsosporum,Arthrinium sorghi,Catenuliconidia uniseptata,Clavulina sphaeropedunculata,Colletotrichum parthenocissicola,Coniothyrium triseptatum,Cortinarius indorusseus,C.paurigarhwalensis,C.sinensis,C.subsanguineus,C.xiaojinensis,Diaporthe pimpinel-lae,Dictyosporella guizhouensis,Diplodia torilicola,Fuscoporia marquesiana,F.semiarida,Hansenopezia decora,Helicoarcta-tus thailandicus,Hirsutella hongheensis,Humidicutis brunneovinacea,Lentaria gossypina,L.variabilis,Lycoperdon lahorense,L.pseudocurtisii,Magnopulchromyces scorpiophorus,Moelleriella gracilispora,Neodevriesia manglicola,Neodidymelliopsis salvia,N.urticae,Neoroussoella magnoliae,Neottiella gigaspora,Ophiosphaerella chiangraiensis,Phaeotremella yunnanensis,Podosphaera yulii,Rigidoporus juniperinus,Rhodofomitopsis pseudofeei,Russula benghalensis,Scleroramularia vermispora,Scytinopogon minisporus,Sporormurispora paulsenii,Thaxteriellopsis obliqus,Tomentella asiae-orientalis,T.atrobadia,T.atrocastanea,T.aureomarginata,T.brevis,T.brunneoflava,T.brunneogrisea,T.capitatocystidiata,T.changbaiensis,T.citri-nocystidiata,T.coffeae,T.conclusa,T.cystidiata,T.dimidiata,T.duplexa,T.efibulata,T.efibulis,T.farinosa,T.flavidobadia,T.fuscocrustosa,T.fuscofarinosa,T.fuscogranulosa,T.fuscopelliculosa,T.globospora,T.gloeocystidiata,T.griseocastanea,T.griseofusca,T.griseomarginata
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China grants (31625013 and 91732302)a Shanghai Brain-Intelligence Project of the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(16JC1420501)+4 种基金the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDBS01060200)Program of Shanghai Academic Research Leaderthe Open Large Infrastructure Research of Chinese Academy of Sciencesthe Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project (2018SHZDZX05)National Natural Science Foundation of China (81801354)。
文摘Methyl-CpG binding protein 2(MeCP2) is a basic nuclear protein involved in the regulation of gene expression and microRNA processing.Duplication of MECP2-containing genomic segments causes MECP2 duplication syndrome,a severe neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by intellectual disability,motor dysfunction,heightened anxiety,epilepsy,autistic phenotypes,and early death.Reversal of the abnormal phenotypes in adult mice with MECP2 duplication(MECP2-TG) by normalizing the MeCP2 levels across the whole brain has been demonstrated.However,whether different brain areas or neural circuits contribute to different aspects of the behavioral deficits is still unknown.Here,we found that MECP2-TG mice showed a significant social recognition deficit,and were prone to display aversive-like behaviors,including heightened anxiety-like behaviors and a fear generalization phenotype.In addition,reduced locomotor activity was observed in MECP2-TG mice.However,appetitive behaviors and learning and memory were comparable in MECP2-TG and wild-type mice.Functional magnetic resonance imaging illustrated that the differences between MECP2-TG and wild-type mice were mainly concentrated in brain areas regulating emotion and social behaviors.We used the CRISPR-Cas9 method to restore normal MeCP2 levels in the medial prefrontal cortex(mPFC) and bed nuclei of the stria terminalis(BST) of adult MECP2-TG mice,and found that normalization of MeCP2 levels in the mPFC but not in the BST reversed the social recognition deficit.These data indicate that the mPFC is responsible for the social recognition deficit in the transgenic mice,and provide new insight into potential therapies for MECP2 duplication syndrome.
