Introduction: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a relatively rare but serious complication during pregnancy. It is often the consequence of a delay or poor management of a given complication that constitutes as a public he...Introduction: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a relatively rare but serious complication during pregnancy. It is often the consequence of a delay or poor management of a given complication that constitutes as a public health problem in developing countries. The objective of our study was to determine the epidemiological, diagnostic, therapeutic and evolutionary aspects of obstetric acute kidney injury in Chad. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study with descriptive and analytical aims over a period of 6 months from June 1, 2020 to November 30, 2020 and conducted in the Gyneco-Obstetric Emergency Department of the Mother and Child University Hospital in N’Djamena. All patients admitted for obstetric AKI and requiring hemodialysis were referred to the Nephrology Department of the Renaissance University Hospital. AKI was defined according to the KDIGO 2012 classification. All pregnant women with more than 20 weeks of gestation until immediately postpartum who were admitted for acute kidney injury were included in the study. Results: During our work, 1238 patients were collected. Among them, 56 cases of obstetric AKI were included, representing a hospital prevalence of 4.5%. The average age was 26.1 ± 5.8 years (16 and 37 years). The majority of our patients were primigravidas which was 42%, rural women represented 35.7% of our sample and nearly 67.8% of pregnancies did not benefit from regular prenatal consultation. AKI during the 3rd trimester was found in 42.9% of cases. Oligo-anuria was present in 28.6% of cases. Acute tubular necrosis was found in 52 cases. It was secondary to preeclampsia in 60.7%, to HELLP syndrome in 17.9% and to a hemorrhagic delivery complicating a retroplacental hematoma in 7.1%. According to the KDIGO 2012 classification, Stages 1, 2 and 3 represented 32%, 23% and 25% of cases, respectively. Hemodialysis was initiated in 1/4 of cases. Recovery of renal function was complete in 78.6% of cases and partial in 7.1%. We recorded eight (14.3%) maternal deaths and twenty-four cases of in-展开更多
License plate recognition (LPR) applies image processing and character recognition technology to identify vehicles by automatically reading their license plates. The work presented in this paper aims to create a compu...License plate recognition (LPR) applies image processing and character recognition technology to identify vehicles by automatically reading their license plates. The work presented in this paper aims to create a computer vision system capable of taking real-time input image from a static camera and identifying the license plate from extracted image. This problem is examined in two stages: First the license plate region detection and extraction from background and plate segmentation to sub-images, and second the character recognition stage. The method used for the license plate region detection is based on the assumption that the license plate area is a high concentration of smaller details, making it a region of high intensity of edges. The Sobel filter and their vertical and horizontal projections are used to identify the plate region. The result of testing this stage was an accuracy of 67.5%. The final stage of the LPR system is optical character recognition (OCR). The method adopted for this stage is based on template matching using correlation. Testing the performance of OCR resulted in an overall recognition rate of 87.76%.展开更多
The current study focuses on the contribution of the dromedary in the preservation and increase of spontaneous flora through seeds transfer by endozoochory. Thus dromedary faeces have been collected in selected area o...The current study focuses on the contribution of the dromedary in the preservation and increase of spontaneous flora through seeds transfer by endozoochory. Thus dromedary faeces have been collected in selected area of region of Ghardaia （Northern Algeria Sahara）, since it is one of the three known cameline rangelands during the four successive seasons of the years 2009-2010, in order to examine their seed contents. Our investigation allowed us to invento 1,832 seeds representing 33 different types varying according to the seasons of harvest. The biggest density of seeds was present in summer with 986 seeds, against 424 seeds in winter, 366 seeds in fall and 56 seeds in spring, and of the same way, the biggest number of types was present in summer with 30 types, consistent of the fall season with 26 types, and arrived then the season of winter with 20 types and the one of spring with five types. The gotten results allowed us to appreciate the ecological role of this animal in the desertic ecosystem in the dissemination and the proliferation of the seeds of the spontaneous flora in its fragile and hostile desert environment to the survival of the seeds enveloped in its faeces.展开更多
Objectives. - To compare the pre- existing risk profiles for breast or endometrial cancer of menopaused women receiving tibolone or another hormone replacement therapy in France, with a view to examining the possibili...Objectives. - To compare the pre- existing risk profiles for breast or endometrial cancer of menopaused women receiving tibolone or another hormone replacement therapy in France, with a view to examining the possibility of biases of selection of patients and of detection of these cancers in the Million Women Study. Patients and methods. - Nationwide survey conducted in France among a representative sample of 153 gynaecologists. The particulars of the last two consulting menopaused women treated with tibolone (N=306) and of the last two treated with a classical estrogen- progestogen therapy (N=306) were collated then analysed. Results. - Compared to those treated with a classical estrogen- progestogen therapy, more women receiving tibolone were aged 60 years or over (40 vs 31% ; P < 0.01)- . More of them had risk factors for breast cancer (history of mastodynia or mastopathy, elevated mammographic breast density) (6 vs 50% ; P < 0.01). More of them had a history of uterine investigation or exploration or of irregular bleeding (61 vs 53% of women with a history of irregular bleeding; P < 0.05). Overall, 84% of women treated with tibolone had at least one risk factor for breast or endometrial cancer vs 75% of those receiving a classical estrogen-progestogen therapy (P < 0.01). Discussion and conclusion. - Owing to its specific properties, tibolone is generally prescribed to women with a higher risk profile for breast or endometrial cancer than those receiving a classical estrogen- progestogen therapy, which may entail patient selection and cancer detection biases in non- randomised, open- label, observational studies.展开更多
文摘Introduction: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a relatively rare but serious complication during pregnancy. It is often the consequence of a delay or poor management of a given complication that constitutes as a public health problem in developing countries. The objective of our study was to determine the epidemiological, diagnostic, therapeutic and evolutionary aspects of obstetric acute kidney injury in Chad. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study with descriptive and analytical aims over a period of 6 months from June 1, 2020 to November 30, 2020 and conducted in the Gyneco-Obstetric Emergency Department of the Mother and Child University Hospital in N’Djamena. All patients admitted for obstetric AKI and requiring hemodialysis were referred to the Nephrology Department of the Renaissance University Hospital. AKI was defined according to the KDIGO 2012 classification. All pregnant women with more than 20 weeks of gestation until immediately postpartum who were admitted for acute kidney injury were included in the study. Results: During our work, 1238 patients were collected. Among them, 56 cases of obstetric AKI were included, representing a hospital prevalence of 4.5%. The average age was 26.1 ± 5.8 years (16 and 37 years). The majority of our patients were primigravidas which was 42%, rural women represented 35.7% of our sample and nearly 67.8% of pregnancies did not benefit from regular prenatal consultation. AKI during the 3rd trimester was found in 42.9% of cases. Oligo-anuria was present in 28.6% of cases. Acute tubular necrosis was found in 52 cases. It was secondary to preeclampsia in 60.7%, to HELLP syndrome in 17.9% and to a hemorrhagic delivery complicating a retroplacental hematoma in 7.1%. According to the KDIGO 2012 classification, Stages 1, 2 and 3 represented 32%, 23% and 25% of cases, respectively. Hemodialysis was initiated in 1/4 of cases. Recovery of renal function was complete in 78.6% of cases and partial in 7.1%. We recorded eight (14.3%) maternal deaths and twenty-four cases of in-
文摘License plate recognition (LPR) applies image processing and character recognition technology to identify vehicles by automatically reading their license plates. The work presented in this paper aims to create a computer vision system capable of taking real-time input image from a static camera and identifying the license plate from extracted image. This problem is examined in two stages: First the license plate region detection and extraction from background and plate segmentation to sub-images, and second the character recognition stage. The method used for the license plate region detection is based on the assumption that the license plate area is a high concentration of smaller details, making it a region of high intensity of edges. The Sobel filter and their vertical and horizontal projections are used to identify the plate region. The result of testing this stage was an accuracy of 67.5%. The final stage of the LPR system is optical character recognition (OCR). The method adopted for this stage is based on template matching using correlation. Testing the performance of OCR resulted in an overall recognition rate of 87.76%.
文摘The current study focuses on the contribution of the dromedary in the preservation and increase of spontaneous flora through seeds transfer by endozoochory. Thus dromedary faeces have been collected in selected area of region of Ghardaia （Northern Algeria Sahara）, since it is one of the three known cameline rangelands during the four successive seasons of the years 2009-2010, in order to examine their seed contents. Our investigation allowed us to invento 1,832 seeds representing 33 different types varying according to the seasons of harvest. The biggest density of seeds was present in summer with 986 seeds, against 424 seeds in winter, 366 seeds in fall and 56 seeds in spring, and of the same way, the biggest number of types was present in summer with 30 types, consistent of the fall season with 26 types, and arrived then the season of winter with 20 types and the one of spring with five types. The gotten results allowed us to appreciate the ecological role of this animal in the desertic ecosystem in the dissemination and the proliferation of the seeds of the spontaneous flora in its fragile and hostile desert environment to the survival of the seeds enveloped in its faeces.
文摘Objectives. - To compare the pre- existing risk profiles for breast or endometrial cancer of menopaused women receiving tibolone or another hormone replacement therapy in France, with a view to examining the possibility of biases of selection of patients and of detection of these cancers in the Million Women Study. Patients and methods. - Nationwide survey conducted in France among a representative sample of 153 gynaecologists. The particulars of the last two consulting menopaused women treated with tibolone (N=306) and of the last two treated with a classical estrogen- progestogen therapy (N=306) were collated then analysed. Results. - Compared to those treated with a classical estrogen- progestogen therapy, more women receiving tibolone were aged 60 years or over (40 vs 31% ; P < 0.01)- . More of them had risk factors for breast cancer (history of mastodynia or mastopathy, elevated mammographic breast density) (6 vs 50% ; P < 0.01). More of them had a history of uterine investigation or exploration or of irregular bleeding (61 vs 53% of women with a history of irregular bleeding; P < 0.05). Overall, 84% of women treated with tibolone had at least one risk factor for breast or endometrial cancer vs 75% of those receiving a classical estrogen-progestogen therapy (P < 0.01). Discussion and conclusion. - Owing to its specific properties, tibolone is generally prescribed to women with a higher risk profile for breast or endometrial cancer than those receiving a classical estrogen- progestogen therapy, which may entail patient selection and cancer detection biases in non- randomised, open- label, observational studies.
