Liquid crystalline polymers containing 1,2,3-triazole units as linking groups have been synthesized from the monomers containing triad ester diazide and flexible dialkyne ester by 1,3-cycloaddition reaction and were c...Liquid crystalline polymers containing 1,2,3-triazole units as linking groups have been synthesized from the monomers containing triad ester diazide and flexible dialkyne ester by 1,3-cycloaddition reaction and were characterized. Click reaction of azide and alkyne functionals catalyzed by Cu(I) yielded target polyesters with 1,2,3-triazole groups.The structure of the polymer was confirmed by spectral techniques.GPC analysis reveals that the polymers have moderate molecular weight with narrow distribution.H...展开更多
1,8-Dioxo-octahydroxanthenes (4a-4f) and 1,8-dioxohexahydroacridines (5a-5c) were synthesized by novel, simple and eco-friendly method with higher yields in the presence of magnetically separable nano nickel-cobalt fe...1,8-Dioxo-octahydroxanthenes (4a-4f) and 1,8-dioxohexahydroacridines (5a-5c) were synthesized by novel, simple and eco-friendly method with higher yields in the presence of magnetically separable nano nickel-cobalt ferrite catalyst (Ni0.5Co0.5Fe2O4). The former, 1,8-dioxo-octahydroxanthenes have been synthesized from dimedone and different aromatic aldehydes, while the latter from this mixture are along with ammonium acetate. The main advantage of this method is that the nano catalyst can be reused up to five reaction cycles without losing the catalytic activity.展开更多
In vertebrate limb, a group of specialized epithelial cells called Apical Ectodermal Ridge (AER) form at the boundary of dorsal and ventral limb ectoderm. Recent experiments suggest that AER forms at the boundary of F...In vertebrate limb, a group of specialized epithelial cells called Apical Ectodermal Ridge (AER) form at the boundary of dorsal and ventral limb ectoderm. Recent experiments suggest that AER forms at the boundary of Fringe expressing and Fringe non-expressing cells by a specific type of receptor-ligand interaction called as inductive signaling, involving the transmembrane proteins Notch, Serrate and Delta. Experiments conducted on Drosophila wing disc have shown that Fringe inhibits the binding ability of Serrate ligand to Notch and enhances that of Delta to Notch. Although several of the signaling elements have been identified experimentally, it remains unclear how the inter-cellular interactions can give rise to such a boundary of specialized cells. Here we present an ordinary differential equation (ODE) model involving Delta→Notch and Serrate→Notch interactions between juxtaposed Fringe expressing and Fringe nonexpressing cells. When simulated in a compartmentalized set up, this model gives rise to high Notch levels at the boundary of Fringe expressing and Fringe non-expressing cells.展开更多
Forested areas are extremely vulnerable to disasters leading to environmental destruction.Forest Fire is one among them which requires immediate attention.There are lot of works done by authors where Wireless Sensors ...Forested areas are extremely vulnerable to disasters leading to environmental destruction.Forest Fire is one among them which requires immediate attention.There are lot of works done by authors where Wireless Sensors and IoT have been used for forest fire monitoring.So,towards monitoring the forest fire and managing the energy efficiently in IoT,Energy Efficient Routing Protocol for Low power lossy networks(E-RPL)was developed.There were challenges about the scalability of the network resulting in a large end-to-end delay and less packet delivery which led to the development of Aggregator-based Energy Efficient RPL with Data Compression(CAAERPL).Though CAA-ERPL proved effective in terms of reduced packet delivery,less energy consumption,and increased packet delivery ratio for varying number of nodes,there is still challenge in the selection of aggregator which is based purely on probability percentage of nodes.There has been research work where fuzzy logic been employed for Mobile Ad-hoc Routing,RPL routing and cluster head selection in Wireless Sensor.There has been no work where fuzzy logic is employed for aggregator selection in Energy Efficient RPL.So accordingly,we here have proposed Fuzzy Based Aggregator selection in Energy-efficient RPL for region thereby forming DODAG for communicating to Fog/Edge.We here have developed fuzzy inference rules for selecting the aggregator based on strength which takes residual power,Node degree,and Expected Transmission Count(ETX)as input metrics.The Fuzzy Aggregator Energy Efficient RPL(FA-ERPL)based on fuzzy inference rules were analysed against E-RPL in terms of scalability(First and Half Node die),Energy Consumption,and aggregator node energy deviation.From the analysis,it was found that FA-ERPL performed better than E-RPL.These were simulated using MATLAB and results.展开更多
GIS relates and integrates spatial data from various sources, for storage, retrieval, analyses and display. This paper presents the analysis and mapping of Geotechnical data using natural neighbour interpolation tool ...GIS relates and integrates spatial data from various sources, for storage, retrieval, analyses and display. This paper presents the analysis and mapping of Geotechnical data using natural neighbour interpolation tool of GIS. The Campus of Hassan Usman Katsina Polytechnic Nigeria was as the study area, and Arc GIS 10.2.1 was used to perform the analyses. The study used soils samples from ten trial pit distributed within the study area and subjected to various laboratory tests. Index and engineering properties of the samples were determined. Map database developed in a GIS environment and the result of the laboratory tests stored, were analysed and displayed using GIS. The research results show maps of various soil properties. The research result provides estimated data for preliminary designing of engineering infrastructures in the area.展开更多
Background:Diabetes is a widespread disease with increasing prevalence.Transplantation of islets of Langerhans is a viable treatment for a selected group of patients with repeated hypoglycemic episodes in type 1 diabe...Background:Diabetes is a widespread disease with increasing prevalence.Transplantation of islets of Langerhans is a viable treatment for a selected group of patients with repeated hypoglycemic episodes in type 1 diabetes.The countries where islet transplantation has not been explored suffer from insufficient knowledge concerning key elements of the isolation process.Donor and organ procurement parameters impact human islet yield,although for research purposes,islet yield may be secondary in importance to islet function.This paper will analyze the feasibility of research-only human islet isolation and signify parameters underlying a successful yield in the Indian population.This eventually can make islet transplantation a clinical reality in India.Method:After receiving the consent for procuring brain-dead pancreas from the first-degree of relatives,samples were collected and transported in a transportation buffer at 4℃.The procedure consists of a mechanically enhanced enzymatic digestion of the pancreas,after which it was taken for purification using Ficoll method,followed by islet quality testing.Results:Through 15 isolations done over a span of approximately 2 years during the COVID pandemic in India,we confirm that ischemic time and glycated hemoglobin,each have a negative impact on isolation purity and yield.Notably,extending cold ischemic tim beyond the typical clinical isolation cutoff of 12 hours(to≥18 h)had a huge impact on islet function and yield.Age had a negative correlation with islet yield;however other biological parameters(specifically body mass index)and isolation variables appear to make a significant contribution to the heterogeneity of human islet yield.Our current work demonstrates the feasibility of extending acceptable cold ischemic time for research-focused human islet isolation and highlights the biological variation in isolation of human islets from donors with and without diabetes.Conclusion:India requires establishment of an islet transplant program using the current standard metho展开更多
Objective:Wild musk melon(Cucumis melo var.agrestis,CMA)is one of the edible plants form Tamil Nadu.Traditionally,this plant was used as diabetic diet(leaves of CMA with Momordica charantia leaves),but there is no sci...Objective:Wild musk melon(Cucumis melo var.agrestis,CMA)is one of the edible plants form Tamil Nadu.Traditionally,this plant was used as diabetic diet(leaves of CMA with Momordica charantia leaves),but there is no scientific report on antidiabetic action of this plant material.Hence,the current research work was designed to evaluate the antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic effect of hydroalcoholic extract of CMA leaves(HALEC)in streptozotocin(STZ)-nicotinamide(NIC)-induced diabetic rats.Methods:Diabetes was induced by administration of STZ(60 mg/kg,i.p.)after 15 min of NIC(120 mg/kg i.p.)administration.The diabetic rats were treated with HALEC(300 and 600 mg/kg,p.o.,respectively)for 21 d.Results:After the management with HALEC,blood glucose,HbA1c levels,total cholesterol,LDL cholesterol,triglycerides levels,glycogen phosphorylase and glucose-6-phosphatase levels were significantly diminished in diabetic rats.However,haemoglobin level,HDL cholesterol,liver glycogen,total protein,hexokinase,glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase levels were significantly increased in HALEC treated diabetic rats.The histopathological studies of the pancreas in HALEC-treated diabetic rats showed almost normal appearance.L6 cell line study revealed the increased glucose uptake activity of HALEC.High performance thin layer chromatography(HPTLC)analysis confirms the presence of active principles such as rutin,gallic acid and quercetin in HALEC.Conclusion:The results indicated that HALEC possess significant antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic activity in STZ-NIC-induced typeⅡdiabetic rats with protective effect.This research work will be useful for the isolation of active principles and development of herbal formulation in phytopharmaceuticals.展开更多
文摘Liquid crystalline polymers containing 1,2,3-triazole units as linking groups have been synthesized from the monomers containing triad ester diazide and flexible dialkyne ester by 1,3-cycloaddition reaction and were characterized. Click reaction of azide and alkyne functionals catalyzed by Cu(I) yielded target polyesters with 1,2,3-triazole groups.The structure of the polymer was confirmed by spectral techniques.GPC analysis reveals that the polymers have moderate molecular weight with narrow distribution.H...
文摘1,8-Dioxo-octahydroxanthenes (4a-4f) and 1,8-dioxohexahydroacridines (5a-5c) were synthesized by novel, simple and eco-friendly method with higher yields in the presence of magnetically separable nano nickel-cobalt ferrite catalyst (Ni0.5Co0.5Fe2O4). The former, 1,8-dioxo-octahydroxanthenes have been synthesized from dimedone and different aromatic aldehydes, while the latter from this mixture are along with ammonium acetate. The main advantage of this method is that the nano catalyst can be reused up to five reaction cycles without losing the catalytic activity.
文摘In vertebrate limb, a group of specialized epithelial cells called Apical Ectodermal Ridge (AER) form at the boundary of dorsal and ventral limb ectoderm. Recent experiments suggest that AER forms at the boundary of Fringe expressing and Fringe non-expressing cells by a specific type of receptor-ligand interaction called as inductive signaling, involving the transmembrane proteins Notch, Serrate and Delta. Experiments conducted on Drosophila wing disc have shown that Fringe inhibits the binding ability of Serrate ligand to Notch and enhances that of Delta to Notch. Although several of the signaling elements have been identified experimentally, it remains unclear how the inter-cellular interactions can give rise to such a boundary of specialized cells. Here we present an ordinary differential equation (ODE) model involving Delta→Notch and Serrate→Notch interactions between juxtaposed Fringe expressing and Fringe nonexpressing cells. When simulated in a compartmentalized set up, this model gives rise to high Notch levels at the boundary of Fringe expressing and Fringe non-expressing cells.
基金This work is partially funded by FCT/MCTES through national funds and,when applicable,co-funded EU funds under the Project UIDB/50008/2020Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation,Grant 08-08by the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development-CNPq,via Grant No.313036/2020-9.
文摘Forested areas are extremely vulnerable to disasters leading to environmental destruction.Forest Fire is one among them which requires immediate attention.There are lot of works done by authors where Wireless Sensors and IoT have been used for forest fire monitoring.So,towards monitoring the forest fire and managing the energy efficiently in IoT,Energy Efficient Routing Protocol for Low power lossy networks(E-RPL)was developed.There were challenges about the scalability of the network resulting in a large end-to-end delay and less packet delivery which led to the development of Aggregator-based Energy Efficient RPL with Data Compression(CAAERPL).Though CAA-ERPL proved effective in terms of reduced packet delivery,less energy consumption,and increased packet delivery ratio for varying number of nodes,there is still challenge in the selection of aggregator which is based purely on probability percentage of nodes.There has been research work where fuzzy logic been employed for Mobile Ad-hoc Routing,RPL routing and cluster head selection in Wireless Sensor.There has been no work where fuzzy logic is employed for aggregator selection in Energy Efficient RPL.So accordingly,we here have proposed Fuzzy Based Aggregator selection in Energy-efficient RPL for region thereby forming DODAG for communicating to Fog/Edge.We here have developed fuzzy inference rules for selecting the aggregator based on strength which takes residual power,Node degree,and Expected Transmission Count(ETX)as input metrics.The Fuzzy Aggregator Energy Efficient RPL(FA-ERPL)based on fuzzy inference rules were analysed against E-RPL in terms of scalability(First and Half Node die),Energy Consumption,and aggregator node energy deviation.From the analysis,it was found that FA-ERPL performed better than E-RPL.These were simulated using MATLAB and results.
文摘GIS relates and integrates spatial data from various sources, for storage, retrieval, analyses and display. This paper presents the analysis and mapping of Geotechnical data using natural neighbour interpolation tool of GIS. The Campus of Hassan Usman Katsina Polytechnic Nigeria was as the study area, and Arc GIS 10.2.1 was used to perform the analyses. The study used soils samples from ten trial pit distributed within the study area and subjected to various laboratory tests. Index and engineering properties of the samples were determined. Map database developed in a GIS environment and the result of the laboratory tests stored, were analysed and displayed using GIS. The research results show maps of various soil properties. The research result provides estimated data for preliminary designing of engineering infrastructures in the area.
文摘Background:Diabetes is a widespread disease with increasing prevalence.Transplantation of islets of Langerhans is a viable treatment for a selected group of patients with repeated hypoglycemic episodes in type 1 diabetes.The countries where islet transplantation has not been explored suffer from insufficient knowledge concerning key elements of the isolation process.Donor and organ procurement parameters impact human islet yield,although for research purposes,islet yield may be secondary in importance to islet function.This paper will analyze the feasibility of research-only human islet isolation and signify parameters underlying a successful yield in the Indian population.This eventually can make islet transplantation a clinical reality in India.Method:After receiving the consent for procuring brain-dead pancreas from the first-degree of relatives,samples were collected and transported in a transportation buffer at 4℃.The procedure consists of a mechanically enhanced enzymatic digestion of the pancreas,after which it was taken for purification using Ficoll method,followed by islet quality testing.Results:Through 15 isolations done over a span of approximately 2 years during the COVID pandemic in India,we confirm that ischemic time and glycated hemoglobin,each have a negative impact on isolation purity and yield.Notably,extending cold ischemic tim beyond the typical clinical isolation cutoff of 12 hours(to≥18 h)had a huge impact on islet function and yield.Age had a negative correlation with islet yield;however other biological parameters(specifically body mass index)and isolation variables appear to make a significant contribution to the heterogeneity of human islet yield.Our current work demonstrates the feasibility of extending acceptable cold ischemic time for research-focused human islet isolation and highlights the biological variation in isolation of human islets from donors with and without diabetes.Conclusion:India requires establishment of an islet transplant program using the current standard metho
文摘Objective:Wild musk melon(Cucumis melo var.agrestis,CMA)is one of the edible plants form Tamil Nadu.Traditionally,this plant was used as diabetic diet(leaves of CMA with Momordica charantia leaves),but there is no scientific report on antidiabetic action of this plant material.Hence,the current research work was designed to evaluate the antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic effect of hydroalcoholic extract of CMA leaves(HALEC)in streptozotocin(STZ)-nicotinamide(NIC)-induced diabetic rats.Methods:Diabetes was induced by administration of STZ(60 mg/kg,i.p.)after 15 min of NIC(120 mg/kg i.p.)administration.The diabetic rats were treated with HALEC(300 and 600 mg/kg,p.o.,respectively)for 21 d.Results:After the management with HALEC,blood glucose,HbA1c levels,total cholesterol,LDL cholesterol,triglycerides levels,glycogen phosphorylase and glucose-6-phosphatase levels were significantly diminished in diabetic rats.However,haemoglobin level,HDL cholesterol,liver glycogen,total protein,hexokinase,glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase levels were significantly increased in HALEC treated diabetic rats.The histopathological studies of the pancreas in HALEC-treated diabetic rats showed almost normal appearance.L6 cell line study revealed the increased glucose uptake activity of HALEC.High performance thin layer chromatography(HPTLC)analysis confirms the presence of active principles such as rutin,gallic acid and quercetin in HALEC.Conclusion:The results indicated that HALEC possess significant antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic activity in STZ-NIC-induced typeⅡdiabetic rats with protective effect.This research work will be useful for the isolation of active principles and development of herbal formulation in phytopharmaceuticals.
