Measured highly elevated gains of proton–boron(HB11) fusion(Picciotto et al., Phys. Rev. X 4, 031030(2014))confirmed the exceptional avalanche reaction process(Lalousis et al., Laser Part. Beams 32, 409(2014); Hora e...Measured highly elevated gains of proton–boron(HB11) fusion(Picciotto et al., Phys. Rev. X 4, 031030(2014))confirmed the exceptional avalanche reaction process(Lalousis et al., Laser Part. Beams 32, 409(2014); Hora et al.,Laser Part. Beams 33, 607(2015)) for the combination of the non-thermal block ignition using ultrahigh intensity laser pulses of picoseconds duration. The ultrahigh acceleration above 10^(20) cm s^(-2)for plasma blocks was theoretically and numerically predicted since 1978(Hora, Physics of Laser Driven Plasmas(Wiley, 1981), pp. 178 and 179) and measured(Sauerbrey, Phys. Plasmas 3, 4712(1996)) in exact agreement(Hora et al., Phys. Plasmas 14, 072701(2007)) when the dominating force was overcoming thermal processes. This is based on Maxwell's stress tensor by the dielectric properties of plasma leading to the nonlinear(ponderomotive) force f_(NL)resulting in ultra-fast expanding plasma blocks by a dielectric explosion. Combining this with measured ultrahigh magnetic fields and the avalanche process opens an option for an environmentally absolute clean and economic boron fusion power reactor. This is supported also by other experiments with very high HB11 reactions under different conditions(Labaune et al., Nature Commun.4, 2506(2013)).展开更多
A fundamental difference of very high intensity laser interaction with plasmas from solid targets appears with lasing at picosecond （ps） pulse durations in contrast to pulses of nanosec-onds （ns）. This can be seen...A fundamental difference of very high intensity laser interaction with plasmas from solid targets appears with lasing at picosecond （ps） pulse durations in contrast to pulses of nanosec-onds （ns）. This can be seen from the more than 10,000 times higher acceleration with ps pulse du-rations than with thermal pressure determined interaction. A ps pulse duration produces instantly acting high-efficiency nonlinear （ponderomotive） electrodynamic force dominated acceleration in contrast to heating with longer pulses. The ps pulses accelerate high-density plasma blocks. This can be used by a new scheme of side-on driven laser fusion with generating a flame ignition in uncompressed fusion fuel of solid density resulting in a reaction velocity of more than 2000 km/s for DT.展开更多
Numerical estimates for electrons and mesons particle–antiparticle creation from vacuum in the presence of strong electromagnetic fields are derived, using the complete probability density relation of Popov's ima...Numerical estimates for electrons and mesons particle–antiparticle creation from vacuum in the presence of strong electromagnetic fields are derived, using the complete probability density relation of Popov's imaginary time method(Popov, JETP Lett. 13, 185(1971); Sov. Phys. JETP 34, 709(1972); Sov. Phys. JETP 35, 659(1972); Popov and Marinov, Sov. J. Nucl. Phys. 16, 449(1973); JETP Lett. 18, 255(1974); Sov. J. Nucl. Phys. 19, 584(1974));(Popov,Phys. Let. A 298, 83(2002)), and within the framework of an experimental setup like the E144(Burke et al., Phys. Rev.Lett. 79, 1626(1997)). The existence of crossing point among pair creation efficiency curves of different photon energies and the role of odd/even multiphoton orders in the production rates are discussed. Finally a kind of tunability process between the two creation processes is discussed.展开更多
The application of laser pulses with psec or shorter duration enables nonthermal efficient ultrahigh acceleration of plasma blocks with homogeneous high ion energies exceeding ion current densities of 10^(12) A cm^(-2...The application of laser pulses with psec or shorter duration enables nonthermal efficient ultrahigh acceleration of plasma blocks with homogeneous high ion energies exceeding ion current densities of 10^(12) A cm^(-2). The effects of ultrahigh acceleration of plasma blocks with high energy proton beams are proposed for muon production in a compact magnetic fusion device. The proposed new scheme consists of an ignition fusion spark by muon catalyzed fusion(μCF) in a small mirror-like configuration where low temperature D–T plasma is trapped for a duration of 1 μs. This initial fusion spark produces sufficient alpha heating in order to initiate the fusion process in the main device. The use of a multi-fluid global particle and energy balance code allows us to follow the temporal evolution of the reaction rate of the fusion process in the device. Recent progress on the ICAN and IZEST projects for high efficient high power and high repetition rate laser systems allows development of the proposed device for clean energy production. With the proposed approaches,experiments on fusion nuclear reactions and μCF process can be performed in magnetized plasmas in existing kJ/PW laser facilities as the GEKKO-LFEX, the PETAL and the ORION or in the near future laser facilities as the ELI-NP Romanian pillar.展开更多
文摘Measured highly elevated gains of proton–boron(HB11) fusion(Picciotto et al., Phys. Rev. X 4, 031030(2014))confirmed the exceptional avalanche reaction process(Lalousis et al., Laser Part. Beams 32, 409(2014); Hora et al.,Laser Part. Beams 33, 607(2015)) for the combination of the non-thermal block ignition using ultrahigh intensity laser pulses of picoseconds duration. The ultrahigh acceleration above 10^(20) cm s^(-2)for plasma blocks was theoretically and numerically predicted since 1978(Hora, Physics of Laser Driven Plasmas(Wiley, 1981), pp. 178 and 179) and measured(Sauerbrey, Phys. Plasmas 3, 4712(1996)) in exact agreement(Hora et al., Phys. Plasmas 14, 072701(2007)) when the dominating force was overcoming thermal processes. This is based on Maxwell's stress tensor by the dielectric properties of plasma leading to the nonlinear(ponderomotive) force f_(NL)resulting in ultra-fast expanding plasma blocks by a dielectric explosion. Combining this with measured ultrahigh magnetic fields and the avalanche process opens an option for an environmentally absolute clean and economic boron fusion power reactor. This is supported also by other experiments with very high HB11 reactions under different conditions(Labaune et al., Nature Commun.4, 2506(2013)).
文摘A fundamental difference of very high intensity laser interaction with plasmas from solid targets appears with lasing at picosecond （ps） pulse durations in contrast to pulses of nanosec-onds （ns）. This can be seen from the more than 10,000 times higher acceleration with ps pulse du-rations than with thermal pressure determined interaction. A ps pulse duration produces instantly acting high-efficiency nonlinear （ponderomotive） electrodynamic force dominated acceleration in contrast to heating with longer pulses. The ps pulses accelerate high-density plasma blocks. This can be used by a new scheme of side-on driven laser fusion with generating a flame ignition in uncompressed fusion fuel of solid density resulting in a reaction velocity of more than 2000 km/s for DT.
文摘Numerical estimates for electrons and mesons particle–antiparticle creation from vacuum in the presence of strong electromagnetic fields are derived, using the complete probability density relation of Popov's imaginary time method(Popov, JETP Lett. 13, 185(1971); Sov. Phys. JETP 34, 709(1972); Sov. Phys. JETP 35, 659(1972); Popov and Marinov, Sov. J. Nucl. Phys. 16, 449(1973); JETP Lett. 18, 255(1974); Sov. J. Nucl. Phys. 19, 584(1974));(Popov,Phys. Let. A 298, 83(2002)), and within the framework of an experimental setup like the E144(Burke et al., Phys. Rev.Lett. 79, 1626(1997)). The existence of crossing point among pair creation efficiency curves of different photon energies and the role of odd/even multiphoton orders in the production rates are discussed. Finally a kind of tunability process between the two creation processes is discussed.
文摘The application of laser pulses with psec or shorter duration enables nonthermal efficient ultrahigh acceleration of plasma blocks with homogeneous high ion energies exceeding ion current densities of 10^(12) A cm^(-2). The effects of ultrahigh acceleration of plasma blocks with high energy proton beams are proposed for muon production in a compact magnetic fusion device. The proposed new scheme consists of an ignition fusion spark by muon catalyzed fusion(μCF) in a small mirror-like configuration where low temperature D–T plasma is trapped for a duration of 1 μs. This initial fusion spark produces sufficient alpha heating in order to initiate the fusion process in the main device. The use of a multi-fluid global particle and energy balance code allows us to follow the temporal evolution of the reaction rate of the fusion process in the device. Recent progress on the ICAN and IZEST projects for high efficient high power and high repetition rate laser systems allows development of the proposed device for clean energy production. With the proposed approaches,experiments on fusion nuclear reactions and μCF process can be performed in magnetized plasmas in existing kJ/PW laser facilities as the GEKKO-LFEX, the PETAL and the ORION or in the near future laser facilities as the ELI-NP Romanian pillar.
