Washing is considered as the final process of garments finishing. Acid washing is one kind of finishing treatment used for making sewn garments aesthetic, fashionable, soft, comfortable and also adding value to the fi...Washing is considered as the final process of garments finishing. Acid washing is one kind of finishing treatment used for making sewn garments aesthetic, fashionable, soft, comfortable and also adding value to the final garments. This paper investigates the effect of the acid washing (with thermocol balls and potassium permanganate) on different physical properties of three knitted garments (Single Jersey 100% Cotton T-shirt, Single Jersey 95% Cotton 5% Spandex T-Shirt and 1 × 1 Rib100% Cotton T-Shirt). Typical washing procedures and techniques were followed and then physical properties were analyzed under standard condition. It is observed that fabric weight, CPI, WPI, spirality and shrinkage increase while bursting strength, stitch length absorbency decrease after washing treatment. pH of all the samples is under controlled and lies between 7 to 8. There is no change in pilling, colorfastness to wash, water and dry rubbing while a little bit decrease in wet rubbing.展开更多
Digital image forgery (DIF) is a prevalent issue in the modern age, where malicious actors manipulate images for various purposes, including deception and misinformation. Detecting such forgeries is a critical task fo...Digital image forgery (DIF) is a prevalent issue in the modern age, where malicious actors manipulate images for various purposes, including deception and misinformation. Detecting such forgeries is a critical task for maintaining the integrity of digital content. This thesis explores the use of Modified Error Level Analysis (ELA) in combination with a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), as well as, Feedforward Neural Network (FNN) model to detect digital image forgeries. Additionally, incorporation of Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) to this research provided insights into the process of decision-making by the models. The study trains and tests the models on the CASIA2 dataset, emphasizing both authentic and forged images. The CNN model is trained and evaluated, and Explainable AI (SHapley Additive exPlanation— SHAP) is incorporated to explain the model’s predictions. Similarly, the FNN model is trained and evaluated, and XAI (SHAP) is incorporated to explain the model’s predictions. The results obtained from the analysis reveals that the proposed approach using CNN model is most effective in detecting image forgeries and provides valuable explanations for decision interpretability.展开更多
In today’s digitally driven landscape, robust Information Technology (IT) risk assessment practices are essential for safeguarding systems, digital communication, and data. This paper introduces “AssessITS,” an act...In today’s digitally driven landscape, robust Information Technology (IT) risk assessment practices are essential for safeguarding systems, digital communication, and data. This paper introduces “AssessITS,” an actionable method designed to provide organizations with comprehensive guidelines for conducting IT and cybersecurity risk assessments. Drawing extensively from NIST 800-30 Rev 1, COBIT 5, and ISO 31000, “AssessITS” bridges the gap between high-level theoretical standards and practical implementation challenges. The paper outlines a step-by-step methodology that organizations can simply adopt to systematically identify, analyze, and mitigate IT risks. By simplifying complex principles into actionable procedures, this framework equips practitioners with the tools needed to perform risk assessments independently, without too much reliance on external vendors. The guidelines are developed to be straightforward, integrating practical evaluation metrics that allow for the precise quantification of asset values, threat levels, vulnerabilities, and impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. This approach ensures that the risk assessment process is not only comprehensive but also accessible, enabling decision-makers to implement effective risk mitigation strategies customized to their unique operational contexts. “AssessITS” aims to enable organizations to enhance their IT security strength through practical, actionable guidance based on internationally recognized standards.展开更多
Background: The accumulation of free radicals is linked to a number of diseases. Free radicals can be scavenged by antioxidants and reduce their harmful effects. It is therefore essential to look for naturally occurri...Background: The accumulation of free radicals is linked to a number of diseases. Free radicals can be scavenged by antioxidants and reduce their harmful effects. It is therefore essential to look for naturally occurring antioxidants that come from plants, as synthetic antioxidants are toxic, carcinogenic and problematic for the environment. Lycopene is one of the carotenoids, a pigment that dissolves in fat and has antioxidant properties. Materials and Methods: The antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity were assessed using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. The impact of lycopene on bacteria (E. coli) susceptibility to γ-radiation was examined by radio sensitivity assay. The study also examined the induction of strand breaks in plasmid pUC19 DNA and how lycopene extract protected the DNA from γ-radiation in vitro. Results: At varying concentrations, lycopene demonstrated its ability to scavenge free radicals such as 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). IC<sub>50</sub> for lycopene was determined at 112 μg/mL which was almost partial to IC<sub>50</sub> of standard antioxidant L-ascorbic acid. The D<sub>10</sub> value 180 Gy of E. coli was found to be >2-fold higher in the extract-containing lycopene sample than in the extract-free controls. The lycopene extracts inhibited the radiation-induced deterioration of the plasmid pUC19 DNA. At an IC<sub>50</sub> concentration, lycopene provided the highest level of protection. Conclusion: Lycopene functions as an efficient free radical scavenger and possible natural antioxidant source. For cancer patients and others who frequently expose themselves to radiation, lycopene may be a useful plant-based pharmaceutical product for treating a variety of diseases caused by free radicals.展开更多
A robotic wheelchair is assumed to be capable of doing tasks like navigation, obstacle detection, etc. using sensors and intelligence. The initial part of the work was development of a cap controlled wheelchair to tes...A robotic wheelchair is assumed to be capable of doing tasks like navigation, obstacle detection, etc. using sensors and intelligence. The initial part of the work was development of a cap controlled wheelchair to test and verify the gesture operation. Following that, a real time operating wheelchair was developed consisting of mode changing option between joystick control mode and head gesture control mode as per as the user’s requirement. The wheelchair consists of MPU6050 sensor, joystick module, RF module, battery, dc motor, toggle switch and Arduino. The movement of the head is detected by MPU6050 and the signal is transmitted to the microcontroller. Then the signal is processed by controller and motion of wheelchair is enabled for navigation. The wheelchair was capable of moving left, right, forward and backward direction. The speed of the wheelchair was 4.8 km/h when tested. Design objective of the wheelchair included cost effectiveness without compromising safety, flexibility and mobility for the users.展开更多
This paper represents the performance analysis of the different shapes of antenna balun and feeding techniques for step constant tapered slot antenna. This work also addresses the benefits of antenna balun (circular a...This paper represents the performance analysis of the different shapes of antenna balun and feeding techniques for step constant tapered slot antenna. This work also addresses the benefits of antenna balun (circular and rectangular) along with two types of feeding techniques (Microstrip line L-shape and Microstrip line I-shape). The performance of the antenna for each technique is thoroughly investigated using Computer Simulation Technology (CST) Microwave Studio software simulation under the resonant frequency of 5.9 GHz. Results demonstrate that the proposed model is an effective tool for improving antenna performance. Moreover, an extensive comparison has been carried out between the two different shapes, with and without antenna balun and between two feeding techniques focusing on return losses, gain, directivity, and voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR).展开更多
An uninterruptible power supply (UPS) is a power conditioner that provides emergency power to a load when the supply power fails. In on-line UPS, the load is always connected to the inverter through the UPS static swi...An uninterruptible power supply (UPS) is a power conditioner that provides emergency power to a load when the supply power fails. In on-line UPS, the load is always connected to the inverter through the UPS static switch. Specialized expertise was required for collection, analysis, and dissemination of technical information relating to high quality uninterruptible power systems. Inherent in these responsibilities is the coordination of technical and contractual matters relating to the procurement and installation of uninterruptible power supply (UPS) systems which were required to support these facilities. The proposed circuit incorporates an AC/DC & DC & AC converter, which provided power factor correction and to assure feedback control. In our project when the AC main is available, the rectifier circuit will supply the power to the inverter as well as to the battery and battery will be charged. If the supply power fails suddenly, the battery will supply power to the inverter without any interruption and delay. In the constant current charging technique, a digital charger was designed and controlled through PIC12F675 microcontroller. In the realized system, The PIC16C73B was used as microcontroller. It was used to generate sinusoidal PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) signals that are connected to drive n-channel MOSFETs in inverter to assure feedback control and display units. The power circuit of the proposed UPS system was presented and analyzed. Circuit models were derived and a UPS digital control system using a digital signal processing (DSP) with microcontroller has been developed. The uninterruptible Power Supplies (UPS) are widely used by power supply during interruption of regular power supply due to load shedding, power failure, power fluctuations including telecommunication systems, medical systems, industrial control systems etc.展开更多
文摘Washing is considered as the final process of garments finishing. Acid washing is one kind of finishing treatment used for making sewn garments aesthetic, fashionable, soft, comfortable and also adding value to the final garments. This paper investigates the effect of the acid washing (with thermocol balls and potassium permanganate) on different physical properties of three knitted garments (Single Jersey 100% Cotton T-shirt, Single Jersey 95% Cotton 5% Spandex T-Shirt and 1 × 1 Rib100% Cotton T-Shirt). Typical washing procedures and techniques were followed and then physical properties were analyzed under standard condition. It is observed that fabric weight, CPI, WPI, spirality and shrinkage increase while bursting strength, stitch length absorbency decrease after washing treatment. pH of all the samples is under controlled and lies between 7 to 8. There is no change in pilling, colorfastness to wash, water and dry rubbing while a little bit decrease in wet rubbing.
文摘Digital image forgery (DIF) is a prevalent issue in the modern age, where malicious actors manipulate images for various purposes, including deception and misinformation. Detecting such forgeries is a critical task for maintaining the integrity of digital content. This thesis explores the use of Modified Error Level Analysis (ELA) in combination with a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), as well as, Feedforward Neural Network (FNN) model to detect digital image forgeries. Additionally, incorporation of Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) to this research provided insights into the process of decision-making by the models. The study trains and tests the models on the CASIA2 dataset, emphasizing both authentic and forged images. The CNN model is trained and evaluated, and Explainable AI (SHapley Additive exPlanation— SHAP) is incorporated to explain the model’s predictions. Similarly, the FNN model is trained and evaluated, and XAI (SHAP) is incorporated to explain the model’s predictions. The results obtained from the analysis reveals that the proposed approach using CNN model is most effective in detecting image forgeries and provides valuable explanations for decision interpretability.
文摘In today’s digitally driven landscape, robust Information Technology (IT) risk assessment practices are essential for safeguarding systems, digital communication, and data. This paper introduces “AssessITS,” an actionable method designed to provide organizations with comprehensive guidelines for conducting IT and cybersecurity risk assessments. Drawing extensively from NIST 800-30 Rev 1, COBIT 5, and ISO 31000, “AssessITS” bridges the gap between high-level theoretical standards and practical implementation challenges. The paper outlines a step-by-step methodology that organizations can simply adopt to systematically identify, analyze, and mitigate IT risks. By simplifying complex principles into actionable procedures, this framework equips practitioners with the tools needed to perform risk assessments independently, without too much reliance on external vendors. The guidelines are developed to be straightforward, integrating practical evaluation metrics that allow for the precise quantification of asset values, threat levels, vulnerabilities, and impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. This approach ensures that the risk assessment process is not only comprehensive but also accessible, enabling decision-makers to implement effective risk mitigation strategies customized to their unique operational contexts. “AssessITS” aims to enable organizations to enhance their IT security strength through practical, actionable guidance based on internationally recognized standards.
文摘Background: The accumulation of free radicals is linked to a number of diseases. Free radicals can be scavenged by antioxidants and reduce their harmful effects. It is therefore essential to look for naturally occurring antioxidants that come from plants, as synthetic antioxidants are toxic, carcinogenic and problematic for the environment. Lycopene is one of the carotenoids, a pigment that dissolves in fat and has antioxidant properties. Materials and Methods: The antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity were assessed using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. The impact of lycopene on bacteria (E. coli) susceptibility to γ-radiation was examined by radio sensitivity assay. The study also examined the induction of strand breaks in plasmid pUC19 DNA and how lycopene extract protected the DNA from γ-radiation in vitro. Results: At varying concentrations, lycopene demonstrated its ability to scavenge free radicals such as 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). IC<sub>50</sub> for lycopene was determined at 112 μg/mL which was almost partial to IC<sub>50</sub> of standard antioxidant L-ascorbic acid. The D<sub>10</sub> value 180 Gy of E. coli was found to be >2-fold higher in the extract-containing lycopene sample than in the extract-free controls. The lycopene extracts inhibited the radiation-induced deterioration of the plasmid pUC19 DNA. At an IC<sub>50</sub> concentration, lycopene provided the highest level of protection. Conclusion: Lycopene functions as an efficient free radical scavenger and possible natural antioxidant source. For cancer patients and others who frequently expose themselves to radiation, lycopene may be a useful plant-based pharmaceutical product for treating a variety of diseases caused by free radicals.
文摘A robotic wheelchair is assumed to be capable of doing tasks like navigation, obstacle detection, etc. using sensors and intelligence. The initial part of the work was development of a cap controlled wheelchair to test and verify the gesture operation. Following that, a real time operating wheelchair was developed consisting of mode changing option between joystick control mode and head gesture control mode as per as the user’s requirement. The wheelchair consists of MPU6050 sensor, joystick module, RF module, battery, dc motor, toggle switch and Arduino. The movement of the head is detected by MPU6050 and the signal is transmitted to the microcontroller. Then the signal is processed by controller and motion of wheelchair is enabled for navigation. The wheelchair was capable of moving left, right, forward and backward direction. The speed of the wheelchair was 4.8 km/h when tested. Design objective of the wheelchair included cost effectiveness without compromising safety, flexibility and mobility for the users.
文摘This paper represents the performance analysis of the different shapes of antenna balun and feeding techniques for step constant tapered slot antenna. This work also addresses the benefits of antenna balun (circular and rectangular) along with two types of feeding techniques (Microstrip line L-shape and Microstrip line I-shape). The performance of the antenna for each technique is thoroughly investigated using Computer Simulation Technology (CST) Microwave Studio software simulation under the resonant frequency of 5.9 GHz. Results demonstrate that the proposed model is an effective tool for improving antenna performance. Moreover, an extensive comparison has been carried out between the two different shapes, with and without antenna balun and between two feeding techniques focusing on return losses, gain, directivity, and voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR).
文摘An uninterruptible power supply (UPS) is a power conditioner that provides emergency power to a load when the supply power fails. In on-line UPS, the load is always connected to the inverter through the UPS static switch. Specialized expertise was required for collection, analysis, and dissemination of technical information relating to high quality uninterruptible power systems. Inherent in these responsibilities is the coordination of technical and contractual matters relating to the procurement and installation of uninterruptible power supply (UPS) systems which were required to support these facilities. The proposed circuit incorporates an AC/DC & DC & AC converter, which provided power factor correction and to assure feedback control. In our project when the AC main is available, the rectifier circuit will supply the power to the inverter as well as to the battery and battery will be charged. If the supply power fails suddenly, the battery will supply power to the inverter without any interruption and delay. In the constant current charging technique, a digital charger was designed and controlled through PIC12F675 microcontroller. In the realized system, The PIC16C73B was used as microcontroller. It was used to generate sinusoidal PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) signals that are connected to drive n-channel MOSFETs in inverter to assure feedback control and display units. The power circuit of the proposed UPS system was presented and analyzed. Circuit models were derived and a UPS digital control system using a digital signal processing (DSP) with microcontroller has been developed. The uninterruptible Power Supplies (UPS) are widely used by power supply during interruption of regular power supply due to load shedding, power failure, power fluctuations including telecommunication systems, medical systems, industrial control systems etc.
