The Soft X-ray Imager(SXI)is part of the scientific payload of the Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(SMILE)mission.SMILE is a joint science mission between the European Space Agency(ESA)and the Chinese...The Soft X-ray Imager(SXI)is part of the scientific payload of the Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(SMILE)mission.SMILE is a joint science mission between the European Space Agency(ESA)and the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)and is due for launch in 2025.SXI is a compact X-ray telescope with a wide field-of-view(FOV)capable of encompassing large portions of Earth’s magnetosphere from the vantage point of the SMILE orbit.SXI is sensitive to the soft X-rays produced by the Solar Wind Charge eXchange(SWCX)process produced when heavy ions of solar wind origin interact with neutral particles in Earth’s exosphere.SWCX provides a mechanism for boundary detection within the magnetosphere,such as the position of Earth’s magnetopause,because the solar wind heavy ions have a very low density in regions of closed magnetic field lines.The sensitivity of the SXI is such that it can potentially track movements of the magnetopause on timescales of a few minutes and the orbit of SMILE will enable such movements to be tracked for segments lasting many hours.SXI is led by the University of Leicester in the United Kingdom(UK)with collaborating organisations on hardware,software and science support within the UK,Europe,China and the United States.展开更多
This paper discusses the potential of future joint hard X-ray solar flare observations between the Hard X-ray Imager(HXI)onboard the Advanced Space-based Solar Observatory(ASO-S)mission and the Spectrometer/Telescope ...This paper discusses the potential of future joint hard X-ray solar flare observations between the Hard X-ray Imager(HXI)onboard the Advanced Space-based Solar Observatory(ASO-S)mission and the Spectrometer/Telescope for Imaging X-rays(STIX)on Solar Orbiter.The different viewing perspectives of the two telescopes relative to the Sun will allow us for the first time to systematically study non-thermal hard X-ray emissions stereoscopically.During the 4-years of the nominal mission of ASO-S,we expect to jointly observe about 160 flares above GOES M1 class to systematically study hard X-ray directivity.For about 16 partially limb-occulted STIX flares,we will have observations of the entire flare by HXI.Such observations will enable us to simultaneously study the all-important coronal hard X-ray sources,which are generally lost in the instrument’s individual imaging dynamic range,in combination with the chromospheric footpoint emissions.The two different detector systems used in the two telescopes make the relative calibration between the two instruments a key task that needs to be addressed before creditable science results can be published.If an accurate inter-calibration can be achieved using jointly observed flares on the disk,observations with HXI and STIX will provide new and essential key diagnostics for solar flare physics.展开更多
基金funding and support from the United Kingdom Space Agency(UKSA)the European Space Agency(ESA)+5 种基金funded and supported through the ESA PRODEX schemefunded through PRODEX PEA 4000123238the Research Council of Norway grant 223252funded by Spanish MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 grant PID2019-107061GB-C61funding and support from the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)funding and support from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration(NASA)。
文摘The Soft X-ray Imager(SXI)is part of the scientific payload of the Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(SMILE)mission.SMILE is a joint science mission between the European Space Agency(ESA)and the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)and is due for launch in 2025.SXI is a compact X-ray telescope with a wide field-of-view(FOV)capable of encompassing large portions of Earth’s magnetosphere from the vantage point of the SMILE orbit.SXI is sensitive to the soft X-rays produced by the Solar Wind Charge eXchange(SWCX)process produced when heavy ions of solar wind origin interact with neutral particles in Earth’s exosphere.SWCX provides a mechanism for boundary detection within the magnetosphere,such as the position of Earth’s magnetopause,because the solar wind heavy ions have a very low density in regions of closed magnetic field lines.The sensitivity of the SXI is such that it can potentially track movements of the magnetopause on timescales of a few minutes and the orbit of SMILE will enable such movements to be tracked for segments lasting many hours.SXI is led by the University of Leicester in the United Kingdom(UK)with collaborating organisations on hardware,software and science support within the UK,Europe,China and the United States.
基金supported by the Swiss Space Office (SSO)grants via 18201010021, 11427803, U1631242 and U1731241 from the National Natural Science Foundation of China+1 种基金XDA15052200 from the Strategic Priority Research Program on Space Science, the Chinese Academy of Sciencesone from the Jiangsu Innovative and Entrepreneurial Talents Program
文摘This paper discusses the potential of future joint hard X-ray solar flare observations between the Hard X-ray Imager(HXI)onboard the Advanced Space-based Solar Observatory(ASO-S)mission and the Spectrometer/Telescope for Imaging X-rays(STIX)on Solar Orbiter.The different viewing perspectives of the two telescopes relative to the Sun will allow us for the first time to systematically study non-thermal hard X-ray emissions stereoscopically.During the 4-years of the nominal mission of ASO-S,we expect to jointly observe about 160 flares above GOES M1 class to systematically study hard X-ray directivity.For about 16 partially limb-occulted STIX flares,we will have observations of the entire flare by HXI.Such observations will enable us to simultaneously study the all-important coronal hard X-ray sources,which are generally lost in the instrument’s individual imaging dynamic range,in combination with the chromospheric footpoint emissions.The two different detector systems used in the two telescopes make the relative calibration between the two instruments a key task that needs to be addressed before creditable science results can be published.If an accurate inter-calibration can be achieved using jointly observed flares on the disk,observations with HXI and STIX will provide new and essential key diagnostics for solar flare physics.
