The present winter climate of continental China is associated with cold air activity.The cold air forming Siberian high pressure comes from the Northern Barents Sea.Northwestern Kara Sea and Northern Atlantic Ocean (f...The present winter climate of continental China is associated with cold air activity.The cold air forming Siberian high pressure comes from the Northern Barents Sea.Northwestern Kara Sea and Northern Atlantic Ocean (fig.1). in other words, mainly fromthe cold northern sea surface. west and east to Novaya Zemlya and the sea surface south展开更多
Using a high resolution 14C chronology, Sl C values and organic carbon content, from loess/paleosol and peat profiles in China, we can demonstrate century scale warm-cold East Asian monsoon paleoclimatic fluctuation e...Using a high resolution 14C chronology, Sl C values and organic carbon content, from loess/paleosol and peat profiles in China, we can demonstrate century scale warm-cold East Asian monsoon paleoclimatic fluctuation events and significant precipitation variability within the last deglaciation. The major climatic events recognized are the Boiling (1 300-12 500 a B. P.), Older Dryas (12 500-11 750 a B. P. ), Allerod (11 750-11 200 a B. P.) and Younger Dryas (11 200-10 000 a B.P. ). The stratigraphic structure of the last deglaciation sediments is characterized by frequent changes in sedimentation phases reflecting climatic instability. These high frequency, rapid climatic events can correlate with fluctuations recorded by sea surface temperatures in the Norwegian Sea. This indicates a pale-oclimate teleconnection between polar, high latitude areas and East Asian monsoon areas through westerlies and the related atmospheric pressure system.展开更多
Research on long-term climatic variation on the Chinese Loess Plateau has demonstrated that loess is mainly the dust deposits transported by the northern wind of the winter monsoon, and that the paleosol accreted by r...Research on long-term climatic variation on the Chinese Loess Plateau has demonstrated that loess is mainly the dust deposits transported by the northern wind of the winter monsoon, and that the paleosol accreted by rather slow dust accumulation was closely related to a strengthened summer monsoon. The climate over the Chinese展开更多
<strong>Introduction:</strong> Anterior compartment syndrome (ACS) of the lower extremity is a well-recognized surgical emergency. The anterior compartment is the most frequently missed of the four compart...<strong>Introduction:</strong> Anterior compartment syndrome (ACS) of the lower extremity is a well-recognized surgical emergency. The anterior compartment is the most frequently missed of the four compartments during lower extremity fasciotomy. This study describes a novel approach that combines sonographic measurements and physical examination landmarks to accurately identify the anterior compartment. <strong>Materials and Methods:</strong> This study was conducted as a prospective anatomical study of 94 volunteers at a single institution. Physical exam and sonographic methods were utilized to derive measurements of the anterior compartment, followed by biometric and validation data. <strong>Results:</strong> Volunteers for the derivation and validation phases of study were similar regarding gender, height and weight, age, and BMI. The derivation set revealed the distance to the anterior compartment to be 2.77 cm (median 2.6 cm, range 1.5 - 5.4 cm) from the mid-axial line and resulted in identification of the anterior compartment 100% of the time (p < 0.001). Findings were reproducible in the internal validation set with 100% accuracy. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> The fascial planes of the anterior compartment can be identified with 100% accuracy when utilizing physical examination and sonographic methods. This can serve as a foundation for future studies evaluating ways to reduce of the number of missed anterior compartment fasciotomies in the setting of ACS.展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.
文摘The present winter climate of continental China is associated with cold air activity.The cold air forming Siberian high pressure comes from the Northern Barents Sea.Northwestern Kara Sea and Northern Atlantic Ocean (fig.1). in other words, mainly fromthe cold northern sea surface. west and east to Novaya Zemlya and the sea surface south
基金Project supported by the National Natural Foundation of China,the Foundation of Chinese Academy of Sciences and the National Science Foundation of U.S.A.
文摘Using a high resolution 14C chronology, Sl C values and organic carbon content, from loess/paleosol and peat profiles in China, we can demonstrate century scale warm-cold East Asian monsoon paleoclimatic fluctuation events and significant precipitation variability within the last deglaciation. The major climatic events recognized are the Boiling (1 300-12 500 a B. P.), Older Dryas (12 500-11 750 a B. P. ), Allerod (11 750-11 200 a B. P.) and Younger Dryas (11 200-10 000 a B.P. ). The stratigraphic structure of the last deglaciation sediments is characterized by frequent changes in sedimentation phases reflecting climatic instability. These high frequency, rapid climatic events can correlate with fluctuations recorded by sea surface temperatures in the Norwegian Sea. This indicates a pale-oclimate teleconnection between polar, high latitude areas and East Asian monsoon areas through westerlies and the related atmospheric pressure system.
文摘Research on long-term climatic variation on the Chinese Loess Plateau has demonstrated that loess is mainly the dust deposits transported by the northern wind of the winter monsoon, and that the paleosol accreted by rather slow dust accumulation was closely related to a strengthened summer monsoon. The climate over the Chinese
文摘<strong>Introduction:</strong> Anterior compartment syndrome (ACS) of the lower extremity is a well-recognized surgical emergency. The anterior compartment is the most frequently missed of the four compartments during lower extremity fasciotomy. This study describes a novel approach that combines sonographic measurements and physical examination landmarks to accurately identify the anterior compartment. <strong>Materials and Methods:</strong> This study was conducted as a prospective anatomical study of 94 volunteers at a single institution. Physical exam and sonographic methods were utilized to derive measurements of the anterior compartment, followed by biometric and validation data. <strong>Results:</strong> Volunteers for the derivation and validation phases of study were similar regarding gender, height and weight, age, and BMI. The derivation set revealed the distance to the anterior compartment to be 2.77 cm (median 2.6 cm, range 1.5 - 5.4 cm) from the mid-axial line and resulted in identification of the anterior compartment 100% of the time (p < 0.001). Findings were reproducible in the internal validation set with 100% accuracy. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> The fascial planes of the anterior compartment can be identified with 100% accuracy when utilizing physical examination and sonographic methods. This can serve as a foundation for future studies evaluating ways to reduce of the number of missed anterior compartment fasciotomies in the setting of ACS.
