mt DNA 16 S r RNA基因序列分析支持将现生淡水豚 4个属归入不同的科 ,即白暨豚科(L ipotiidae)、恒河豚科 (Platanistidae)、亚河豚科 (Iniidae)和弗西豚科 (Pontoporidae) .基于邻接法的系统发生分析显示淡水豚类由白暨豚 +恒河豚和...mt DNA 16 S r RNA基因序列分析支持将现生淡水豚 4个属归入不同的科 ,即白暨豚科(L ipotiidae)、恒河豚科 (Platanistidae)、亚河豚科 (Iniidae)和弗西豚科 (Pontoporidae) .基于邻接法的系统发生分析显示淡水豚类由白暨豚 +恒河豚和弗西豚 +亚河豚两个单系组成 ,但两个单系之间并无姊妹关系 .淡水豚类是并系的 .16 S r RNA基因的系统发生树与 mt DNA细胞色素 b基因和12 S r RNA基因的系统发生树并不完全一致 .这种差异一方面可能反映了不同的基因树间的差异 ,但也可能与本文分析的 16 S r RNA基因片段中变异位点数和简约信息位点数较少有关 .因此 ,有必要增加序列长度来进一步验证 .展开更多
AIM: To evaluate the effects of surgical weight loss (Roux-en-Y gastric bypass with a modified Fobi-Capella technique) on non alcoholic fatty liver disease in obese patients.
Traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease are three distinct neurological disorders that share common pathophysiological mechanisms involving neuroinflammation. One sequela ...Traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease are three distinct neurological disorders that share common pathophysiological mechanisms involving neuroinflammation. One sequela of neuroinflammation includes the pathologic hyperphosphorylation of tau protein, an endogenous microtubule-associated protein that protects the integrity of neuronal cytoskeletons. Tau hyperphosphorylation results in protein misfolding and subsequent accumulation of tau tangles forming neurotoxic aggregates. These misfolded proteins are characteristic of traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease and can lead to downstream neuroinflammatory processes, including assembly and activation of the inflammasome complex. Inflammasomes refer to a family of multimeric protein units that, upon activation, release a cascade of signaling molecules resulting in caspase-induced cell death and inflammation mediated by the release of interleukin-1β cytokine. One specific inflammasome, the NOD-like receptor protein 3, has been proposed to be a key regulator of tau phosphorylation where it has been shown that prolonged NOD-like receptor protein 3 activation acts as a causal factor in pathological tau accumulation and spreading. This review begins by describing the epidemiology and pathophysiology of traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease. Next, we highlight neuroinflammation as an overriding theme and discuss the role of the NOD-like receptor protein 3 inflammasome in the formation of tau deposits and how such tauopathic entities spread throughout the brain. We then propose a novel framework linking traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease as inflammasomedependent pathologies that exist along a temporal continuum. Finally, we discuss potential therapeutic targets that may intercept this pathway and ultimately minimize long-term neurological decline.展开更多
Although it is recognized that the post-harvest system is most responsible for the loss of soybean quality,the real impact of this loss is still unknown.Brazilian regulation allows 15%and 30%of broken soybean for grou...Although it is recognized that the post-harvest system is most responsible for the loss of soybean quality,the real impact of this loss is still unknown.Brazilian regulation allows 15%and 30%of broken soybean for group I and group II(quality groups),respectively.However,the industry is not informed about the loss in the quality parameters of soybeans and its impacts during long-term storage.Therefore,the objective was to evaluate the effect of the breakage kernel percentage of soybean stored for 12 months.Content of 15% of breakage kernels did not affect soybean quality.However,content of 30% of breakage kernels affected significantly soybean quality,which was evidenced by the increase of up to 75% in moldy soybeans,72% in acidity,50% in leached solids,27% in electrical conductivity,and the decrease of up to 12% in soluble protein,6.4% in germination and 3.5% in thousand kernel weight after 8 months of storage.Although the legislation establishes a percentage limit,it is recommended to store soybeans with up to 15% breakage kernels.On the contrary,values higher than that can cause a significant reduction in soybean quality,resulting in commercial losses.展开更多
Vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)plays a vital role in promoting attachment and proliferation of endothelial cells,and induces angiogenesis.In recent years,much research has been conducted on the functionalizat...Vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)plays a vital role in promoting attachment and proliferation of endothelial cells,and induces angiogenesis.In recent years,much research has been conducted on the functionalization of tissue engineering scaffolds with VEGF or a VEGF-mimetic peptide to promote angiogenesis.However,most chemical reactions are nonspecific and require organic solvents,which can compromise control over functionalization and alter peptide/protein activity.An attractive alternative is the fabrication of functionalizable electrospun fibers,which can overcome these hurdles.In this study,we used thiol-ene chemistry for the conjugation of a VEGF-mimetic peptide to the surface of poly(ε-caprolactone)(PCL)fibrous scaffolds with varying amounts of a functional PCL-diacrylate(PCL-DA)polymer.30%PCL-DA was selected due to homogeneous fiber morphology.A VEGF-mimetic peptide was then immobilized on PCL-DA fibrous scaffolds by a light-initiated thiol-ene reaction.7-Mercapto-4-methylcoumarin,RGD-FITC peptide and VEGF-TAMRA mimetic peptide were used to validate the thiol-ene reaction on the fibrous scaffolds.Tensile strength and elastic modulus of the 30%PCL-DA fibrous scaffolds were significantly increased after the reaction.Conjugation of the 30%PCL-DA fibrous scaffolds with the VEGF peptide increased the surface water wettability of the scaffolds.Patterned structures could be obtained after using a photomask on the fibrous film.Moreover,in vitro studies indicated that scaffolds functionalized with the VEGF-mimetic peptide were able to induce phosphorylation of the VEGF receptor and enhanced HUVECs survival,proliferation and adhesion.A chick chorioallantoic membrane(CAM)assay further indicated that the VEGF peptide functionalized scaffolds were able to promote angiogenesis in vivo.These results show that scaffold functionalization can be controlled via a simple polymer mixing approach,and that the functionalized VEGF peptide-scaffolds have potential for vascular tissue regeneration.展开更多
Concentrating solar power(CSP) has garnered considerable global attention as a reliable means of generating bulk electricity, effectively addressing the intermittent nature of solar resources.The integration of molten...Concentrating solar power(CSP) has garnered considerable global attention as a reliable means of generating bulk electricity, effectively addressing the intermittent nature of solar resources.The integration of molten salt technology for thermal energy storage(TES) has further contributed to the growth of CSP plants;however, the corrosive nature of molten salts poses challenges to the durability of container materials, necessitating innovative corrosion mitigation strategies.This review summarizes scientific advancements in high-temperature anticorrosion coatings for molten nitrate salts, highlighting the key challenges and future trends.It also explores various coating types, including metallic, ceramic, and carbon-based coatings, and compares different coating deposition methods.This review emphasizes the need for durable coatings that meet long-term performance requirements and regulatory limitations, with an emphasis on carbon-based coatings and emerging nanomaterials.A combination of multiple coatings is required to achieve desirable anticorrosion properties while addressing material compatibility and cost considerations.The overall goal is to advance the manufacturing, assembly, and performance of CSP systems for increased efficiency, reliability, and durability in various applications.展开更多
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(DLBCL)and follicular lymphoma(FL)are the most common forms of aggressive and indolent lymphoma,respectively.The majority of patients are cured by standard R-CHOP immunochemotherapy,but 30...Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(DLBCL)and follicular lymphoma(FL)are the most common forms of aggressive and indolent lymphoma,respectively.The majority of patients are cured by standard R-CHOP immunochemotherapy,but 30%–40%of DLBCL and 20%of FL patients relapse or are refractory(R/R).DLBCL and FL are phenotypically and genetically hereterogenous B-cell neoplasms.To date,the diagnosis of DLBCL and FL has been based on morphology,immunophenotyping and cytogenetics.However,next-generation sequencing(NGS)is widening our understanding of the genetic basis of the B-cell lymphomas.In this review we will discuss how integrating the NGS-based characterization of somatic gene mutations with diagnostic or prognostic value in DLBCL and FL could help refine B-cell lymphoma classification as part of a multidisciplinary pathology work-up.We will also discuss how molecular testing can identify candidates for clinical trials with targeted therapies and help predict therapeutic outcome to currently available treatments,including chimeric antigen receptor T-cell,as well as explore the application of circulating cell-free DNA,a non-invasive method for patient monitoring.We conclude that molecular analyses can drive improvements in patient outcomes due to an increased understanding of the different pathogenic pathways affected by each DLBCL subtype and indolent FL vs R/R FL.展开更多
This study reports the extraction of <i>Jatropha curcas</i> leaves using supercritical CO<sub>2</sub>. Experiments were performed varying the pressure (13 and 20 MPa) and the temperature (50...This study reports the extraction of <i>Jatropha curcas</i> leaves using supercritical CO<sub>2</sub>. Experiments were performed varying the pressure (13 and 20 MPa) and the temperature (50°C and 60°C). The model of Sovová for supercritical fluid extraction was fitted to the experimental kinetic extraction curves. Two cell sizes were used and scale up equations compared. GC analysis showed phytol, carvacrol, and hexahydrofarnesyl acetone as major compounds in all the experiments. A maximum yield of 0.95% dry-weight basis was obtained. It was observed a maximum yield (0.95% dry-weight basis) extract obtained at 20 MPa and 50°C. The results indicated that the mass yield increased with the increase of pressure. The bioassays showed that the extract of <i>J. curcas</i> possessed toxicity against <i>Hyalomma lusitanicum</i>.展开更多
Fixtures are a critical element in machining operations as they are the interface between the part and the machine.These components are responsible for the precise part location on the machine table and for the proper...Fixtures are a critical element in machining operations as they are the interface between the part and the machine.These components are responsible for the precise part location on the machine table and for the proper dynamic stability maintenance during the manufacturing operations.Although these two features are deeply related,they are usually studied separately.On the one hand,diverse adaptable solutions have been developed for the clamping of different variable geometries.Parallelly,the stability of the part has been long studied to reduce the forced vibration and the chatter effects,especially on thin parts machining operations typically performed in the aeronautic field,such as the skin panels milling.The present work proposes a commitment between both features by the presentation of an innovative vacuum fixture based on the use of a vulcanized rubber layer.This solution presents high flexibility as it can be adapted to different geometries while providing a proper damping capacity due to the viscoelastic and elastoplastic behaviour of these compounds.Moreover,the sealing properties of these elastomers provide the perfect combination to transform a rubber layer into a flexible vacuum table.Therefore,in order to validate the suitability of this fixture,a test bench is manufactured and tested under uniaxial compression loads and under real finish milling conditions over AA2024 part samples.Finally,a roughness model is proposed and analysed in order to characterize the part vibration sources.展开更多
OBJECTIVE To assess the role of beta-blockers(BB)in patients with chronic kidney disease(CKD)aged≥75 years.METHODS AND RESULTS From January 2008 to July 2014,we included 390 consecutive patients≥75 years of age with...OBJECTIVE To assess the role of beta-blockers(BB)in patients with chronic kidney disease(CKD)aged≥75 years.METHODS AND RESULTS From January 2008 to July 2014,we included 390 consecutive patients≥75 years of age with ejection fraction≤35%and glomerular filtration rate(GFR)≤60 m L/min per 1.73 m^2.We analyzed the relationship between treatment with BB and mortality or cardiovascular events.The mean age of our population was 82.6±4.1 years.Mean ejection fraction was 27.9%±6.5%.GFR was 60-45 m L/min per 1.73 m^2 in 50.3%of patients,45-30 m L/min per 1.73 m^2 in 37.4%,and<30 m L/min per 1.73 m^2 in 12.3%.At the conclusion of follow-up,67.4%of patients were receiving BB.The median follow-up was28.04(IR:19.41-36.67)months.During the study period,211 patients(54.1%)died and 257(65.9%)had a major cardiovascular event(death or hospitalization for heart failure).BB use was significantly associated with a reduced risk of death(HR=0.51,95%CI:0.35-0.74;P<0.001).Patients receiving BB consistently showed a reduced risk of death across the different stages of CKD:stage IIIa(GFR=30-45 m L/min per 1.73 m^2;HR=0.47,95%CI:0.26-0.86,P<0.0001),stage IIIb(GFR 30-45 m L/min per 1.73 m^2;HR=0.55,95%CI:0.26-1.06,P=0.007),and stages IV and V(GFR<30 m L/min per 1.73 m~2;HR=0.29,95%CI:0.11-0.76;P=0.047).CONCLUSIONS The use of BB in elderly patients with HFr EF and renal impairment was associated with a better prognosis.Use of BB should be encouraged when possible.展开更多
In wireless sensor networks （WSNs） the position information of individual nodes is a matter of vital importance because allows the implementation of necessary network functions such as routing, querying and other ap...In wireless sensor networks （WSNs） the position information of individual nodes is a matter of vital importance because allows the implementation of necessary network functions such as routing, querying and other applications. The objective of this paper is to propose an algorithm of three-dimensional distributed range-free localization for WSNs, using a mobile beacon （MB） equipped with a rotary and tilting directional antenna. This algorithm, denominated as the three-dimensional azimuthally defined area localization algorithm （3D- ADAL）, is executed in each sensor node and is based only on the analysis of the information received from the MB, therefore is energy efficient and contributes to extend the lifetime of the sensor network. Additionally the proposed algorithm has the advantage of being simple and economical. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm is a practical, effective and accurate method for a three-dimensional location of sensor nodes in a WSN.展开更多
In this work an algorithm to predict short times series with missing data by means energy associated of series using artificial neural networks (ANN) is presented. In order to give the prediction one step ahead, a com...In this work an algorithm to predict short times series with missing data by means energy associated of series using artificial neural networks (ANN) is presented. In order to give the prediction one step ahead, a comparison between this and previous work that involves a similar approach to test short time series with uncertainties on their data, indicates that a linear smoothing is a well approximation in order to employ a method for uncompleted datasets. Moreover, in function of the long- or short-term stochastic dependence of the short time series considered, the training process modifies the number of patterns and iterations in the topology according to a heuristic law, where the Hurst parameter H is related with the short times series, of which they are considered as a path of the fractional Brownian motion. The results are evaluated on high roughness time series from solutions of the Mackey-Glass Equation (MG) and cumulative monthly historical rainfall data from San Agustin, Cordoba. A comparison with ANN nonlinear filters is shown in order to see a better performance of the outcomes when the information is taken from geographical point observation.展开更多
Artificial intelligence(AI)has made considerable progress within the last decade and is the subject of contemporary literature.This trend is driven by improved computational abilities and increasing amounts of complex...Artificial intelligence(AI)has made considerable progress within the last decade and is the subject of contemporary literature.This trend is driven by improved computational abilities and increasing amounts of complex data that allow for new approaches in analysis and interpretation.Renal cell carcinoma(RCC)has a rising incidence since most tumors are now detected at an earlier stage due to improved imaging.This creates considerable challenges as approximately 10%e17%of kidney tumors are designated as benign in histopathological evaluation;however,certain co-morbid populations(the obese and elderly)have an increased peri-interventional risk.AI offers an alternative solution by helping to optimize precision and guidance for diagnostic and therapeutic decisions.The narrative review introduced basic principles and provide a comprehensive overview of current AI techniques for RCC.Currently,AI applications can be found in any aspect of RCC management including diagnostics,perioperative care,pathology,and follow-up.Most commonly applied models include neural networks,random forest,support vector machines,and regression.However,for implementation in daily practice,health care providers need to develop a basic understanding and establish interdisciplinary collaborations in order to standardize datasets,define meaningful endpoints,and unify interpretation.展开更多
BACKGROUND An isthmocele is a scar defect in the uterine wall due to a cesarean section. Its prevalence is unknown,but it has been associated with secondary infertility.Here,we present a case where the patient suffere...BACKGROUND An isthmocele is a scar defect in the uterine wall due to a cesarean section. Its prevalence is unknown,but it has been associated with secondary infertility.Here,we present a case where the patient suffered from an isthmocele that was associated with persistent hydrometra,which developed during in vitro fertilization.CASE SUMMARY The patient underwent hysteroscopic surgery,which successfully resolved the isthmocele as well as the hydrometra. Afterward,two high-quality,euploid embryos,determined by morphological assessment and pre-implantation genetic diagnostic testing,were transferred. This resulted in uterine pregnancy,as determined byserum β-human chorionic gonadotropin levels on day 14(180 m U/mL) and ultrasound-confirmed presence of a gestational sac with a positive embryocardia at week 6. The pregnancy reached 36 wk without any complications,and the product was born in good health. We report a successful isthmocele treatment in a patient with secondary infertility,in which the isthmocele was the cause of persistent hydrometra.CONCLUSION Hydrometra caused by secondary cesarean is an infertility factor,which can be corrected by hysteroscopy plus ablation of the isthmocele.展开更多
Metastatic renal cell cancer(mRCC)management has undergone a paradigm shift in recent decades.The first revolution came with the emergence of vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors;there was a second wave with ...Metastatic renal cell cancer(mRCC)management has undergone a paradigm shift in recent decades.The first revolution came with the emergence of vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors;there was a second wave with the unprecedented success of checkpoint inhibitors,and then the latest approach,which is becoming the new care standard in mRCC,of combining these two strategies in different ways.Updated results of Checkmate-214 after 42 mo of follow-up were consistent with previously published results showing the superiority of nivolumab/ipilimumab over sunitinib in progression free survival(PFS),overall survival(OS),and objective response rate(ORR)in intermediate and high-risk patients.However,several studies presented at the American Society of Clinical Oncology 2020 suggested that the best place,and so far,the only one for nivolumab/ipilimumab is the frontline setting.The update on Keynote-426 after 23 mo of follow-up showed no superiority of pembrolizumab/axitinib over sunitinib in favorable-risk mRCC,suggesting that it should no longer be the first line of choice in low-risk patients.Finally,the phase III Checkmate 9ER trial results revealed the superiority of nivolumab/cabozantinib vs sunitinib in PFS,OS,and ORR,providing a new first-line option among all International Metastatic RCC Database Consortium risk patients.Some phase II clinical trials also presented this year showed promising results with new combination therapies such as nivolumab/sitravatinib,cabozantinib/atezolizumab,and lenvatinib/pembrolizumab,providing promising grounds upon which to start phase III studies.In addition,other works are using novel therapeutic agents with different mechanisms of action,including telaglenastat(a glutaminase inhibitor),entinostat[an inhibitor of histone deacetylases(HDACs)],and olaparib and talazoparib,poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase inhibitors widely used in other tumors.However,some questions regarding mRCC management still need to be addressed,such as head-to-head comparisons between the current options,treatment 展开更多
Background:This study is aimed at describing the prevalence of and risk factors associated with early post-operative complications after Crohn’s disease-related intestinal resection.Methods:This was a retrospective a...Background:This study is aimed at describing the prevalence of and risk factors associated with early post-operative complications after Crohn’s disease-related intestinal resection.Methods:This was a retrospective analysis of data from the PRACTICROHN cohort.Adult Crohn’s disease patients who underwent ileocolonic resection with ileocolonic anastomosis between January 2007 and December 2010 were included.The complications evaluated included death,ileus,anastomotic leak,abscess,wound infection,catheter-related infection,digestive bleeding and other extra-abdominal infections that occurred in the 30 days after surgery.Results:A total of 364 patients(median age at surgery 38 years and 50%men)were included.Indication for surgery was:stricturing disease(46.4%),penetrating disease(31.3%),penetrating and stricturing disease(14.0%)or resistance to medical treatment(5.8%).Early complications were recorded in 100(27.5%)patients,with wound infection,intra-abdominal abscess and anastomotic leakage being the most frequent complications.Median hospitalization duration was 16 days for patients with complications vs.9 days without complications(P<0.001).Complications were more common among patients with penetrating disease(36/114,31.6%)and those refractory to treatment(9/21,42.9%)compared with stricturing disease(45/169,26.6%)or stricturingtpenetrating disease(6/51,11.8%)(P=0.040).The rate of complications was higher among patients with diagnosis made at the time of surgery(15/31,48.4%)compared with the rest(85/331,25.7%)(P=0.013).Medication received at the time of surgery did not affect the rate of complications.Conclusions:Almost a quarter of patients developed early complications after intestinal resection.Penetrating disease and urgent surgery were associated with an increased risk of complications.展开更多
Objective:Kidney cancers account for approximately 2%of all newly diagnosed cancer in 2020.Among the primary treatment options for kidney cancer,urologist may choose between radical or partial nephrectomy,or ablative ...Objective:Kidney cancers account for approximately 2%of all newly diagnosed cancer in 2020.Among the primary treatment options for kidney cancer,urologist may choose between radical or partial nephrectomy,or ablative therapies.Nowadays,robotic-assisted partial nephrectomy(RAPN)for the management of renal cancers has gained popularity,up to being considered the gold standard.However,RAPN is a challenging procedure with a steep learning curve.Methods:In this narrative review,different imaging technologies used to guide and aid RAPN are discussed.Results:Three-dimensional visualization technology has been extensively discussed in RAPN,showing its value in enhancing robotic-surgery training,patient counseling,surgical planning,and intraoperative guidance.Intraoperative imaging technologies such as intracorporeal ultrasound,near-infrared fluorescent imaging,and intraoperative pathological examination can also be used to improve the outcomes following RAPN.Finally,artificial intelligence may play a role in the field of RAPN soon.Conclusion:RAPN is a complex surgery;however,many imaging technologies may play an important role in facilitating it.展开更多
Evolving data show a variable expression of clinical neurological manifestations in patients suffering with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)from early disease onset.The most frequent symptoms and signs are fatigue,d...Evolving data show a variable expression of clinical neurological manifestations in patients suffering with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)from early disease onset.The most frequent symptoms and signs are fatigue,dizziness,impaired consciousness,ageusia,anosmia,radicular pain,and headache,as well as others.Based on the high number of series of cases reported,there is evidence for the implication of the immune system in the pathological mechanism of COVID-19.Although the exact role of the immunological mechanism is not elucidated,two main mechanisms are suggested which implicate the direct effect of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection in the central nervous system and neuroinflammation.In the context of neurological manifestations associated with COVID-19,neuropsychiatric disorders show an exacerbation and are described by symptoms and signs such as depression,anxiety,mood alterations,psychosis,post-traumatic stress disorder,delirium,and cognitive impairment,which appear to be common in COVID-19 survivors.A worsened score on psychopathological measures is seen in those with a history of psychiatric comorbidities.We review the neuropsychiatric manifestations associated with COVID-19 and some critical aspects of the innate and adaptive immune system involved in mental health disorders occurring in COVID-19.展开更多
文摘mt DNA 16 S r RNA基因序列分析支持将现生淡水豚 4个属归入不同的科 ,即白暨豚科(L ipotiidae)、恒河豚科 (Platanistidae)、亚河豚科 (Iniidae)和弗西豚科 (Pontoporidae) .基于邻接法的系统发生分析显示淡水豚类由白暨豚 +恒河豚和弗西豚 +亚河豚两个单系组成 ,但两个单系之间并无姊妹关系 .淡水豚类是并系的 .16 S r RNA基因的系统发生树与 mt DNA细胞色素 b基因和12 S r RNA基因的系统发生树并不完全一致 .这种差异一方面可能反映了不同的基因树间的差异 ,但也可能与本文分析的 16 S r RNA基因片段中变异位点数和简约信息位点数较少有关 .因此 ,有必要增加序列长度来进一步验证 .
基金Supported by The Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria del Instituto de Salud Carlos Ⅲ of the Spanish Ministry for Health and Consumer Affairs,No. PI030042,PI030024,PI070079 and PI11/001159
文摘AIM: To evaluate the effects of surgical weight loss (Roux-en-Y gastric bypass with a modified Fobi-Capella technique) on non alcoholic fatty liver disease in obese patients.
文摘Traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease are three distinct neurological disorders that share common pathophysiological mechanisms involving neuroinflammation. One sequela of neuroinflammation includes the pathologic hyperphosphorylation of tau protein, an endogenous microtubule-associated protein that protects the integrity of neuronal cytoskeletons. Tau hyperphosphorylation results in protein misfolding and subsequent accumulation of tau tangles forming neurotoxic aggregates. These misfolded proteins are characteristic of traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease and can lead to downstream neuroinflammatory processes, including assembly and activation of the inflammasome complex. Inflammasomes refer to a family of multimeric protein units that, upon activation, release a cascade of signaling molecules resulting in caspase-induced cell death and inflammation mediated by the release of interleukin-1β cytokine. One specific inflammasome, the NOD-like receptor protein 3, has been proposed to be a key regulator of tau phosphorylation where it has been shown that prolonged NOD-like receptor protein 3 activation acts as a causal factor in pathological tau accumulation and spreading. This review begins by describing the epidemiology and pathophysiology of traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease. Next, we highlight neuroinflammation as an overriding theme and discuss the role of the NOD-like receptor protein 3 inflammasome in the formation of tau deposits and how such tauopathic entities spread throughout the brain. We then propose a novel framework linking traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease as inflammasomedependent pathologies that exist along a temporal continuum. Finally, we discuss potential therapeutic targets that may intercept this pathway and ultimately minimize long-term neurological decline.
基金Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - Brasil (CAPES)Fundacao de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (FAPERGS)+2 种基金Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)financed in part by Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior-Brasil(CAPES)-Finance code 001,Fundacao de Amparoa Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul(FAPERGS)-Finances code 17/2551-0000935-5,22/2551-0001051-2,21/2551-0002255-8Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnologico(CNPq)-Finance codes 205518/2018-4,312603/2018-5.
文摘Although it is recognized that the post-harvest system is most responsible for the loss of soybean quality,the real impact of this loss is still unknown.Brazilian regulation allows 15%and 30%of broken soybean for group I and group II(quality groups),respectively.However,the industry is not informed about the loss in the quality parameters of soybeans and its impacts during long-term storage.Therefore,the objective was to evaluate the effect of the breakage kernel percentage of soybean stored for 12 months.Content of 15% of breakage kernels did not affect soybean quality.However,content of 30% of breakage kernels affected significantly soybean quality,which was evidenced by the increase of up to 75% in moldy soybeans,72% in acidity,50% in leached solids,27% in electrical conductivity,and the decrease of up to 12% in soluble protein,6.4% in germination and 3.5% in thousand kernel weight after 8 months of storage.Although the legislation establishes a percentage limit,it is recommended to store soybeans with up to 15% breakage kernels.On the contrary,values higher than that can cause a significant reduction in soybean quality,resulting in commercial losses.
基金supported in part by China Scholarship Council(No.201508610081 to T.Y.)by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32071360,No.31900976 to H.C.)。
文摘Vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)plays a vital role in promoting attachment and proliferation of endothelial cells,and induces angiogenesis.In recent years,much research has been conducted on the functionalization of tissue engineering scaffolds with VEGF or a VEGF-mimetic peptide to promote angiogenesis.However,most chemical reactions are nonspecific and require organic solvents,which can compromise control over functionalization and alter peptide/protein activity.An attractive alternative is the fabrication of functionalizable electrospun fibers,which can overcome these hurdles.In this study,we used thiol-ene chemistry for the conjugation of a VEGF-mimetic peptide to the surface of poly(ε-caprolactone)(PCL)fibrous scaffolds with varying amounts of a functional PCL-diacrylate(PCL-DA)polymer.30%PCL-DA was selected due to homogeneous fiber morphology.A VEGF-mimetic peptide was then immobilized on PCL-DA fibrous scaffolds by a light-initiated thiol-ene reaction.7-Mercapto-4-methylcoumarin,RGD-FITC peptide and VEGF-TAMRA mimetic peptide were used to validate the thiol-ene reaction on the fibrous scaffolds.Tensile strength and elastic modulus of the 30%PCL-DA fibrous scaffolds were significantly increased after the reaction.Conjugation of the 30%PCL-DA fibrous scaffolds with the VEGF peptide increased the surface water wettability of the scaffolds.Patterned structures could be obtained after using a photomask on the fibrous film.Moreover,in vitro studies indicated that scaffolds functionalized with the VEGF-mimetic peptide were able to induce phosphorylation of the VEGF receptor and enhanced HUVECs survival,proliferation and adhesion.A chick chorioallantoic membrane(CAM)assay further indicated that the VEGF peptide functionalized scaffolds were able to promote angiogenesis in vivo.These results show that scaffold functionalization can be controlled via a simple polymer mixing approach,and that the functionalized VEGF peptide-scaffolds have potential for vascular tissue regeneration.
文摘Concentrating solar power(CSP) has garnered considerable global attention as a reliable means of generating bulk electricity, effectively addressing the intermittent nature of solar resources.The integration of molten salt technology for thermal energy storage(TES) has further contributed to the growth of CSP plants;however, the corrosive nature of molten salts poses challenges to the durability of container materials, necessitating innovative corrosion mitigation strategies.This review summarizes scientific advancements in high-temperature anticorrosion coatings for molten nitrate salts, highlighting the key challenges and future trends.It also explores various coating types, including metallic, ceramic, and carbon-based coatings, and compares different coating deposition methods.This review emphasizes the need for durable coatings that meet long-term performance requirements and regulatory limitations, with an emphasis on carbon-based coatings and emerging nanomaterials.A combination of multiple coatings is required to achieve desirable anticorrosion properties while addressing material compatibility and cost considerations.The overall goal is to advance the manufacturing, assembly, and performance of CSP systems for increased efficiency, reliability, and durability in various applications.
文摘Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(DLBCL)and follicular lymphoma(FL)are the most common forms of aggressive and indolent lymphoma,respectively.The majority of patients are cured by standard R-CHOP immunochemotherapy,but 30%–40%of DLBCL and 20%of FL patients relapse or are refractory(R/R).DLBCL and FL are phenotypically and genetically hereterogenous B-cell neoplasms.To date,the diagnosis of DLBCL and FL has been based on morphology,immunophenotyping and cytogenetics.However,next-generation sequencing(NGS)is widening our understanding of the genetic basis of the B-cell lymphomas.In this review we will discuss how integrating the NGS-based characterization of somatic gene mutations with diagnostic or prognostic value in DLBCL and FL could help refine B-cell lymphoma classification as part of a multidisciplinary pathology work-up.We will also discuss how molecular testing can identify candidates for clinical trials with targeted therapies and help predict therapeutic outcome to currently available treatments,including chimeric antigen receptor T-cell,as well as explore the application of circulating cell-free DNA,a non-invasive method for patient monitoring.We conclude that molecular analyses can drive improvements in patient outcomes due to an increased understanding of the different pathogenic pathways affected by each DLBCL subtype and indolent FL vs R/R FL.
文摘This study reports the extraction of <i>Jatropha curcas</i> leaves using supercritical CO<sub>2</sub>. Experiments were performed varying the pressure (13 and 20 MPa) and the temperature (50°C and 60°C). The model of Sovová for supercritical fluid extraction was fitted to the experimental kinetic extraction curves. Two cell sizes were used and scale up equations compared. GC analysis showed phytol, carvacrol, and hexahydrofarnesyl acetone as major compounds in all the experiments. A maximum yield of 0.95% dry-weight basis was obtained. It was observed a maximum yield (0.95% dry-weight basis) extract obtained at 20 MPa and 50°C. The results indicated that the mass yield increased with the increase of pressure. The bioassays showed that the extract of <i>J. curcas</i> possessed toxicity against <i>Hyalomma lusitanicum</i>.
基金the Basque Government under the ELKARTEK Program(SMAR3NAK project,grant number KK-2019/00051)is gratefully acknowledged by the authors。
文摘Fixtures are a critical element in machining operations as they are the interface between the part and the machine.These components are responsible for the precise part location on the machine table and for the proper dynamic stability maintenance during the manufacturing operations.Although these two features are deeply related,they are usually studied separately.On the one hand,diverse adaptable solutions have been developed for the clamping of different variable geometries.Parallelly,the stability of the part has been long studied to reduce the forced vibration and the chatter effects,especially on thin parts machining operations typically performed in the aeronautic field,such as the skin panels milling.The present work proposes a commitment between both features by the presentation of an innovative vacuum fixture based on the use of a vulcanized rubber layer.This solution presents high flexibility as it can be adapted to different geometries while providing a proper damping capacity due to the viscoelastic and elastoplastic behaviour of these compounds.Moreover,the sealing properties of these elastomers provide the perfect combination to transform a rubber layer into a flexible vacuum table.Therefore,in order to validate the suitability of this fixture,a test bench is manufactured and tested under uniaxial compression loads and under real finish milling conditions over AA2024 part samples.Finally,a roughness model is proposed and analysed in order to characterize the part vibration sources.
文摘OBJECTIVE To assess the role of beta-blockers(BB)in patients with chronic kidney disease(CKD)aged≥75 years.METHODS AND RESULTS From January 2008 to July 2014,we included 390 consecutive patients≥75 years of age with ejection fraction≤35%and glomerular filtration rate(GFR)≤60 m L/min per 1.73 m^2.We analyzed the relationship between treatment with BB and mortality or cardiovascular events.The mean age of our population was 82.6±4.1 years.Mean ejection fraction was 27.9%±6.5%.GFR was 60-45 m L/min per 1.73 m^2 in 50.3%of patients,45-30 m L/min per 1.73 m^2 in 37.4%,and<30 m L/min per 1.73 m^2 in 12.3%.At the conclusion of follow-up,67.4%of patients were receiving BB.The median follow-up was28.04(IR:19.41-36.67)months.During the study period,211 patients(54.1%)died and 257(65.9%)had a major cardiovascular event(death or hospitalization for heart failure).BB use was significantly associated with a reduced risk of death(HR=0.51,95%CI:0.35-0.74;P<0.001).Patients receiving BB consistently showed a reduced risk of death across the different stages of CKD:stage IIIa(GFR=30-45 m L/min per 1.73 m^2;HR=0.47,95%CI:0.26-0.86,P<0.0001),stage IIIb(GFR 30-45 m L/min per 1.73 m^2;HR=0.55,95%CI:0.26-1.06,P=0.007),and stages IV and V(GFR<30 m L/min per 1.73 m~2;HR=0.29,95%CI:0.11-0.76;P=0.047).CONCLUSIONS The use of BB in elderly patients with HFr EF and renal impairment was associated with a better prognosis.Use of BB should be encouraged when possible.
文摘In wireless sensor networks （WSNs） the position information of individual nodes is a matter of vital importance because allows the implementation of necessary network functions such as routing, querying and other applications. The objective of this paper is to propose an algorithm of three-dimensional distributed range-free localization for WSNs, using a mobile beacon （MB） equipped with a rotary and tilting directional antenna. This algorithm, denominated as the three-dimensional azimuthally defined area localization algorithm （3D- ADAL）, is executed in each sensor node and is based only on the analysis of the information received from the MB, therefore is energy efficient and contributes to extend the lifetime of the sensor network. Additionally the proposed algorithm has the advantage of being simple and economical. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm is a practical, effective and accurate method for a three-dimensional location of sensor nodes in a WSN.
基金supported by Universidad Nacional de Córdoba(UNC),FONCYT-PDFT PRH No.3(UNC Program RRHH03),SECYT UNC,Universidad Nacional de San Juan—Institute of Automatics(INAUT),National Agency for Scientific and Technological Promotion(ANPCyT)and Departments of Electronics—Electrical and Electronic Engineering—Universidad Nacional of Cordoba.
文摘In this work an algorithm to predict short times series with missing data by means energy associated of series using artificial neural networks (ANN) is presented. In order to give the prediction one step ahead, a comparison between this and previous work that involves a similar approach to test short time series with uncertainties on their data, indicates that a linear smoothing is a well approximation in order to employ a method for uncompleted datasets. Moreover, in function of the long- or short-term stochastic dependence of the short time series considered, the training process modifies the number of patterns and iterations in the topology according to a heuristic law, where the Hurst parameter H is related with the short times series, of which they are considered as a path of the fractional Brownian motion. The results are evaluated on high roughness time series from solutions of the Mackey-Glass Equation (MG) and cumulative monthly historical rainfall data from San Agustin, Cordoba. A comparison with ANN nonlinear filters is shown in order to see a better performance of the outcomes when the information is taken from geographical point observation.
文摘Artificial intelligence(AI)has made considerable progress within the last decade and is the subject of contemporary literature.This trend is driven by improved computational abilities and increasing amounts of complex data that allow for new approaches in analysis and interpretation.Renal cell carcinoma(RCC)has a rising incidence since most tumors are now detected at an earlier stage due to improved imaging.This creates considerable challenges as approximately 10%e17%of kidney tumors are designated as benign in histopathological evaluation;however,certain co-morbid populations(the obese and elderly)have an increased peri-interventional risk.AI offers an alternative solution by helping to optimize precision and guidance for diagnostic and therapeutic decisions.The narrative review introduced basic principles and provide a comprehensive overview of current AI techniques for RCC.Currently,AI applications can be found in any aspect of RCC management including diagnostics,perioperative care,pathology,and follow-up.Most commonly applied models include neural networks,random forest,support vector machines,and regression.However,for implementation in daily practice,health care providers need to develop a basic understanding and establish interdisciplinary collaborations in order to standardize datasets,define meaningful endpoints,and unify interpretation.
文摘BACKGROUND An isthmocele is a scar defect in the uterine wall due to a cesarean section. Its prevalence is unknown,but it has been associated with secondary infertility.Here,we present a case where the patient suffered from an isthmocele that was associated with persistent hydrometra,which developed during in vitro fertilization.CASE SUMMARY The patient underwent hysteroscopic surgery,which successfully resolved the isthmocele as well as the hydrometra. Afterward,two high-quality,euploid embryos,determined by morphological assessment and pre-implantation genetic diagnostic testing,were transferred. This resulted in uterine pregnancy,as determined byserum β-human chorionic gonadotropin levels on day 14(180 m U/mL) and ultrasound-confirmed presence of a gestational sac with a positive embryocardia at week 6. The pregnancy reached 36 wk without any complications,and the product was born in good health. We report a successful isthmocele treatment in a patient with secondary infertility,in which the isthmocele was the cause of persistent hydrometra.CONCLUSION Hydrometra caused by secondary cesarean is an infertility factor,which can be corrected by hysteroscopy plus ablation of the isthmocele.
文摘Metastatic renal cell cancer(mRCC)management has undergone a paradigm shift in recent decades.The first revolution came with the emergence of vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors;there was a second wave with the unprecedented success of checkpoint inhibitors,and then the latest approach,which is becoming the new care standard in mRCC,of combining these two strategies in different ways.Updated results of Checkmate-214 after 42 mo of follow-up were consistent with previously published results showing the superiority of nivolumab/ipilimumab over sunitinib in progression free survival(PFS),overall survival(OS),and objective response rate(ORR)in intermediate and high-risk patients.However,several studies presented at the American Society of Clinical Oncology 2020 suggested that the best place,and so far,the only one for nivolumab/ipilimumab is the frontline setting.The update on Keynote-426 after 23 mo of follow-up showed no superiority of pembrolizumab/axitinib over sunitinib in favorable-risk mRCC,suggesting that it should no longer be the first line of choice in low-risk patients.Finally,the phase III Checkmate 9ER trial results revealed the superiority of nivolumab/cabozantinib vs sunitinib in PFS,OS,and ORR,providing a new first-line option among all International Metastatic RCC Database Consortium risk patients.Some phase II clinical trials also presented this year showed promising results with new combination therapies such as nivolumab/sitravatinib,cabozantinib/atezolizumab,and lenvatinib/pembrolizumab,providing promising grounds upon which to start phase III studies.In addition,other works are using novel therapeutic agents with different mechanisms of action,including telaglenastat(a glutaminase inhibitor),entinostat[an inhibitor of histone deacetylases(HDACs)],and olaparib and talazoparib,poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase inhibitors widely used in other tumors.However,some questions regarding mRCC management still need to be addressed,such as head-to-head comparisons between the current options,treatment
文摘Background:This study is aimed at describing the prevalence of and risk factors associated with early post-operative complications after Crohn’s disease-related intestinal resection.Methods:This was a retrospective analysis of data from the PRACTICROHN cohort.Adult Crohn’s disease patients who underwent ileocolonic resection with ileocolonic anastomosis between January 2007 and December 2010 were included.The complications evaluated included death,ileus,anastomotic leak,abscess,wound infection,catheter-related infection,digestive bleeding and other extra-abdominal infections that occurred in the 30 days after surgery.Results:A total of 364 patients(median age at surgery 38 years and 50%men)were included.Indication for surgery was:stricturing disease(46.4%),penetrating disease(31.3%),penetrating and stricturing disease(14.0%)or resistance to medical treatment(5.8%).Early complications were recorded in 100(27.5%)patients,with wound infection,intra-abdominal abscess and anastomotic leakage being the most frequent complications.Median hospitalization duration was 16 days for patients with complications vs.9 days without complications(P<0.001).Complications were more common among patients with penetrating disease(36/114,31.6%)and those refractory to treatment(9/21,42.9%)compared with stricturing disease(45/169,26.6%)or stricturingtpenetrating disease(6/51,11.8%)(P=0.040).The rate of complications was higher among patients with diagnosis made at the time of surgery(15/31,48.4%)compared with the rest(85/331,25.7%)(P=0.013).Medication received at the time of surgery did not affect the rate of complications.Conclusions:Almost a quarter of patients developed early complications after intestinal resection.Penetrating disease and urgent surgery were associated with an increased risk of complications.
文摘Objective:Kidney cancers account for approximately 2%of all newly diagnosed cancer in 2020.Among the primary treatment options for kidney cancer,urologist may choose between radical or partial nephrectomy,or ablative therapies.Nowadays,robotic-assisted partial nephrectomy(RAPN)for the management of renal cancers has gained popularity,up to being considered the gold standard.However,RAPN is a challenging procedure with a steep learning curve.Methods:In this narrative review,different imaging technologies used to guide and aid RAPN are discussed.Results:Three-dimensional visualization technology has been extensively discussed in RAPN,showing its value in enhancing robotic-surgery training,patient counseling,surgical planning,and intraoperative guidance.Intraoperative imaging technologies such as intracorporeal ultrasound,near-infrared fluorescent imaging,and intraoperative pathological examination can also be used to improve the outcomes following RAPN.Finally,artificial intelligence may play a role in the field of RAPN soon.Conclusion:RAPN is a complex surgery;however,many imaging technologies may play an important role in facilitating it.
文摘Evolving data show a variable expression of clinical neurological manifestations in patients suffering with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)from early disease onset.The most frequent symptoms and signs are fatigue,dizziness,impaired consciousness,ageusia,anosmia,radicular pain,and headache,as well as others.Based on the high number of series of cases reported,there is evidence for the implication of the immune system in the pathological mechanism of COVID-19.Although the exact role of the immunological mechanism is not elucidated,two main mechanisms are suggested which implicate the direct effect of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection in the central nervous system and neuroinflammation.In the context of neurological manifestations associated with COVID-19,neuropsychiatric disorders show an exacerbation and are described by symptoms and signs such as depression,anxiety,mood alterations,psychosis,post-traumatic stress disorder,delirium,and cognitive impairment,which appear to be common in COVID-19 survivors.A worsened score on psychopathological measures is seen in those with a history of psychiatric comorbidities.We review the neuropsychiatric manifestations associated with COVID-19 and some critical aspects of the innate and adaptive immune system involved in mental health disorders occurring in COVID-19.
