Optical true delay lines(OTDLs)of low propagation losses,small footprints and high tuning speeds and efficiencies are of critical importance for various photonic applications.Here,we report fabrication of electro-opti...Optical true delay lines(OTDLs)of low propagation losses,small footprints and high tuning speeds and efficiencies are of critical importance for various photonic applications.Here,we report fabrication of electro-optically switchable OTDLs on lithium niobate on insulator using photolithography assisted chemo-mechanical etching.Our device consists of several low-loss optical waveguides of different lengths which are consecutively connected by electro-optical switches to generate different amounts of time delay.The fabricated OTLDs show an ultra-low propagation loss of^0.03dB/cm for waveguide lengths well above 100 cm.展开更多
As an important component of the global carbon （C） budget, litter decomposition in terrestrial ecosystems is greatly affected by the increasing nitrogen （N） deposition observed globally. We hypothesized that diffe...As an important component of the global carbon （C） budget, litter decomposition in terrestrial ecosystems is greatly affected by the increasing nitrogen （N） deposition observed globally. We hypothesized that different litter fractions derived from a single tree species may respond to N deposition differently depending on the quality of the litter substrate. To test the hypothesis, a two-year field experiment was conducted using the litterbag method in a Pleioblastus amarus plantation in the rainy region of Southwest China. Four N treatment levels were applied： control （no N added）, low-N （50 kg N ha-1 year-1）, medium-N （150 kg N ha-a year-1）, and high-N （300 kg N ha-1 year-l）. We observed different patterns of mass loss for the three P. amarus litter fractions （leaves, sheaths, and twigs） of varying substrate quality in the control plots. There were two decomposition stages with different decay rates （fast rate in early stages and slow rate in the later stages） for leaves and sheaths, while we did not observe a slower phase for the decay of twigs during the 2-year study period. The annual decomposition rate （k） of twigs was significantly lower than that of leaves or sheaths. Addition of N slowed the decomposition of leaves and twigs in the later stages of decomposition by inhibiting the decay of lignin and cellulose, while addition of N did not affect the mass loss of sheaths during the study period. In the decomposition of all three litter fractions, experimental N deposition reduced the net N accumulation in the early stages and also decreased the net N release in the later stages. The results of this study suggest that litter substrate quality may be an important factor affecting litter decomposition in a bamboo ecosystem affected by N deposition.展开更多
Bamboos are one of the fast-growing and multiple use species in the world, and thus bamboo forests/plantations play an important role in C sequestration at regional and global levels. We studied aboveground litterfall...Bamboos are one of the fast-growing and multiple use species in the world, and thus bamboo forests/plantations play an important role in C sequestration at regional and global levels. We studied aboveground litterfall, litter decomposition and nutrient dynamics for two years in two subtropical bamboo ecosystems in Southwest China so as to test the hypothesis that litter quality determine the rate and nutrient dynamics during decomposition of different litter fractions. Mean annual total aboveground litter production ranged from 494 to 434 g m-2 in two bamboo stands （P stand, dominated by Pleioblastus amarus and H stand, hybrid bamboo dominated by Bambusa pervariabilis x Dendrocalamopsis daii）. Bulk （-80%） of litter production was contributed by leaf litter in two stands followed by twigs and sheathes. Different litter fractions represented considerable variations in the rates of mass loss and nutrient release. Variation of the mass remaining after 2 years of decomposition was significantly explained by initial C/N ratio and initial P concentration. Initial concentrations of N, P, Ca, and Mg explained 57.9%, 95.0%, 99.8% and 98.1%, respectively, of the variations of these elements mass remaining after 2 years of decomposition. The patterns of nutrient dynamics and the final amount remaining were mainly determined by their initial litter substrate quality in tl^ese two subtropical bamboo plantations.展开更多
Studies have shown that repetitive transcra nial magnetic stimulation(rTMS)can enhance synaptic plasticity and improve neurological dysfunction.Howeve r,the mechanism through which rTMS can improve moderate traumatic ...Studies have shown that repetitive transcra nial magnetic stimulation(rTMS)can enhance synaptic plasticity and improve neurological dysfunction.Howeve r,the mechanism through which rTMS can improve moderate traumatic brain injury remains poorly understood.In this study,we established rat models of moderate traumatic brain injury using Feeney's weight-dropping method and treated them using rTMS.To help determine the mechanism of action,we measured levels of seve ral impo rtant brain activity-related proteins and their mRNA.On the injured side of the brain,we found that rTMS increased the protein levels and mRNA expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor,tropomyosin receptor kinase B,N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor 1,and phosphorylated cAMP response element binding protein,which are closely associated with the occurrence of long-term potentiation.rTMS also partially reve rsed the loss of synaptophysin after injury and promoted the remodeling of synaptic ultrastructure.These findings suggest that upregulation of synaptic plasticity-related protein expression is the mechanism through which rTMS promotes neurological function recovery after moderate traumatic brain injury.展开更多
On-chip bright quantum sources with multiplexing ability are extremely high in demand for integrated quantum networks with unprecedented scalability and complexity.Here,we demonstrate a bright and broadband biphoton q...On-chip bright quantum sources with multiplexing ability are extremely high in demand for integrated quantum networks with unprecedented scalability and complexity.Here,we demonstrate a bright and broadband biphoton quantum source with spectral multiplexing generated in a lithium niobate microresonator system.Without introducing the conventional domain poling,the on-chip microdisk produces photon pairs covering a broad bandwidth promised by natural phase matching in spontaneous parametric down conversion.Experimentally,the multiplexed photon pairs are characterized by 30 nm bandwidth limited by the filtering system,providing over 40 multiplexing channels with a 0.8 nm channel spacing.Meanwhile,the generation rate reaches 5.13 MHz/μW with a coincidence-to-accidental ratio up to 804,and the quantum source manifests a high purity with a heralded single photon correlation g^((2))_(H)(0)=0.0098±0.0021.Furthermore,the energy-time entanglement is demonstrated with an excellent interference visibility of 96.5%±2%.Such a quantum source at the telecommunication band paves the way for high-dimensional entanglement and future integrated quantum information systems.展开更多
Length of grain affects the appearance, quality, and yield of rice. A rice long-grain chromosome segment substitution line Z744, with Nipponbare as the recipient parent and Xihui 18 as the donor parent, was identified...Length of grain affects the appearance, quality, and yield of rice. A rice long-grain chromosome segment substitution line Z744, with Nipponbare as the recipient parent and Xihui 18 as the donor parent, was identified. Z744 contains a total of six substitution segments distributed on chromosomes(Chrs.) 1, 2, 6, 7, and 12, with an average substitution length of 2.72 Mb. The grain length, ratio of length to width, and 1 000-grain weight of Z744 were significantly higher than those in Nipponbare. The plant height, panicle number, and seed-set ratio in Z744 were significantly lower than those in Nipponbare, but they were still 78.7 cm, 13.5 per plant, and 86.49%, respectively. Furthermore, eight QTLs of different traits were identified in the secondary F2 population, constructed by Nipponbare and Z744 hybridization. The grain weight of Z744 was controlled by two synergistic QTLs(qGWT1 and q GWT7) and two subtractive QTLs(qGWT2 and qGWT6), respectively. The increase in the grain weight of Z744 was caused mainly by the increase in grain length. Two QTLs were detected, qGL1 and qGL7-3, which accounted for 25.54 and 15.58% of phenotypic variation, respectively. A Chi-square test showed that the long-grain number and the short-grain number were in accordance with the 3:1 separation ratio, which indicates that the long grain is dominant over the short-grain and Z744 was controlled mainly by the principal effect qGL1. These results offered a good basis for further fine mapping of qGL1 and further dissection of other QTLs into single-segment substitution lines.展开更多
A piecewise algebraic curve is a curve determined by the zero set of a bivariate spline function. In this paper, the Nother type theorems for Cμpiecewise algebraic curves are obtained. The theory of the linear series...A piecewise algebraic curve is a curve determined by the zero set of a bivariate spline function. In this paper, the Nother type theorems for Cμpiecewise algebraic curves are obtained. The theory of the linear series of sets of places on the piecewise algebraic curve is also established. In this theory, singular cycles are put into the linear series, and a complete series of the piecewise algebraic curves consists of all effective ordinary cycles in an equivalence class and all effective singular cycles which are equivalent specifically to any effective ordinary cycle in the equivalence class. This theory is a generalization of that of linear series of the algebraic curve. With this theory and the fundamental theory of multivariate splines on smoothing cofactors and global conformality conditions, and the results on the general expression of multivariate splines, we get a formula on the index, the order and the dimension of a complete series of the irreducible Cμpiecewise algebraic curves and the degree, the genus and the smoothness of the curves, hence the Riemann-Roch type theorem of the Cμpiecewise algebraic curve is established.展开更多
We construct the grand partition function of the system of massive Dirac fermions in a uniform magnetic field from Landau levels,through which all thermodynamic quantities can be obtained.Making use of the Abel–Plana...We construct the grand partition function of the system of massive Dirac fermions in a uniform magnetic field from Landau levels,through which all thermodynamic quantities can be obtained.Making use of the Abel–Plana formula,these thermodynamic quantities can be expanded as power series with respect to the dimensionless variable𝑏b=2eB/T^(2).The zero-field magnetic susceptibility is expanded at zero mass,and the leading order term is logarithmic.We also calculate scalar,vector current,axial vector current and energy-momentum tensor of the system through ensemble average approach.Mass correction to chiral separation effect is discussed.For massless chiral fermions,our results recover the chiral magnetic effect for right-and left-handed fermions,as well as chiral separation effect.展开更多
We give definitions of real piecewise algebraic variety and its dimension. By using the techniques of real radical ideal, P-radical ideal, affine Hilbert polynomial, Bernstein-net form of polynomials on simplex, and d...We give definitions of real piecewise algebraic variety and its dimension. By using the techniques of real radical ideal, P-radical ideal, affine Hilbert polynomial, Bernstein-net form of polynomials on simplex, and decomposition of semi-algebraic set, etc., we deal with the dimension of the real piecewise algebraic variety and real Nullstellensatz in Cμ spline ring.展开更多
A minitype reference radiation(MRR) with dimensions of only 1 m × 1 m × 1 m has been developed for the in situ calibration of photon dosimeters.The present work conducts a feasibility study on determining th...A minitype reference radiation(MRR) with dimensions of only 1 m × 1 m × 1 m has been developed for the in situ calibration of photon dosimeters.The present work conducts a feasibility study on determining the conventional true value of gamma-ray air kerma at the point of test in the MRR.Owing to its smaller dimensions,the scattered gamma-rays in the MRR are expected to induce a non-negligible interference with the radiation field compared with conditions in the standard reference radiation stipulated by ISO4037-1 or GB/T12162.1.A gamma-ray spectrometer was employed to obtain the spectra of scattered gamma-rays within the MRR,and the feature components of the spectra were extracted by principal component analysis to characterize the interference of a dosimeter probe in the radiation field.A prediction model of the CAK at the point of test was built by least squares support vector machine based on the feature component data obtained from nine sample dosimeters under five different dose rates.The mean prediction error of the CAK prediction model was within ±4.5%,and the maximum prediction error was about ±10%.展开更多
The piecewise algebraic curve is a kind generalization of the classical algebraic curve. Nther-type theorem of piecewise algebraic curves on the cross-cut partition is very important to construct the Lagrange interpol...The piecewise algebraic curve is a kind generalization of the classical algebraic curve. Nther-type theorem of piecewise algebraic curves on the cross-cut partition is very important to construct the Lagrange interpolation sets for a bivariate spline space.In this paper,using the properties of bivariate splines,the Nther-type theorem of piecewise algebraic curves on the arbitrary triangulation is presented.展开更多
The T-meshes are local modification of rectangular meshes which allow T-junctions. The splines over T-meshes are involved in many fields, such as finite element methods, CAGD etc. The dimension of a spline space is a ...The T-meshes are local modification of rectangular meshes which allow T-junctions. The splines over T-meshes are involved in many fields, such as finite element methods, CAGD etc. The dimension of a spline space is a basic problem for the theories and applications of splines. However, the problem of determining the dimension of a spline space is difficult since it heavily depends on the geometric properties of the partition. In many cases, the dimension is unstable. In this paper, we study the instability in the dimensions of spline spaces over T-meshes by using the smoothing cofactor-conformality method. The modified dimension formulas of spline spaces over T-meshes with T-cycles are also presented. Moreover, some examples are given to illustrate the instability in the dimensions of the spline spaces over some special meshes.展开更多
Objective:To observe the difference in clinical efficacy of acupuncture with strong and weak stimulation in treating neck type cervical spondylosis.Methods:64 patients with neck type cervical spondylosis were randomly...Objective:To observe the difference in clinical efficacy of acupuncture with strong and weak stimulation in treating neck type cervical spondylosis.Methods:64 patients with neck type cervical spondylosis were randomly divided into strong stimulation group and weak stimulation group,with 32 cases in each group.The acupoints selected are Jingjiaji 5-7(cervical acupoints EX-B2 C5-C7),Tianzhu(BL10)on both sides,Houxi(SI3)on both sides,Hegu(LI4)on both sides,Geshu(BL17)on both sides,and Ashi.In the strong stimulation group,deep needling with 0.25 mm×40 mm milli-needle was performed,with a mild reinforcing-reducing method.The twisting angle was 90°-180°,the frequency was 60-90 times/min,and the needles were applied for 1 min at each point.Keep the needle for 30 minutes,twisting was performed every 10 min during the retention period.Change hands once.In the weak stimulation group,shallow acupuncture with a 0.18 mm×40 mm milli-needle was performed,with a mild reinforcing-reducing method,with a twisting angle of 60°-90°,a frequency of 30-60 times/min,and acupuncture for 10 seconds at each acupoint.Keep the needle for 30 minutes,and no needle during the retention period.Patients in both groups were treated once every 1 to 2 days,3 times a week for 2 weeks,and followed up for 1 month after all treatments.The two groups of patients were compared before and after treatment and during follow-up.The McGill pain questionnaire score and the cervical spine dysfunction index score were compared to determine the clinical efficacy.Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 22.0 statistical software.Results:1 case drop-out in the strong stimulation group and 1 case in the weak stimulation group.The total effective rate of the strong stimulation group was 90.32%,the total effective rate of the weak stimulation group was 83.87%,and the total effective rate of the strong stimulation group was higher than that of the weak stimulation group(P<0.05).The total scores of the short-form McGill pain questionnaire,the VAS score,and the 展开更多
The nonlinear and the exact control of chaos is deduced.Using these methods we achieve a simultaneous and instantaneous control of the scheduled unstable 2^(k)p points for the logistic and the Henon map.The derivative...The nonlinear and the exact control of chaos is deduced.Using these methods we achieve a simultaneous and instantaneous control of the scheduled unstable 2^(k)p points for the logistic and the Henon map.The derivatives needed in the nonlinear method have been evaluated experimentally from the time series xn,without the pre-knowledge of the function f(x).The difficulty confronted in the optimum control may be overcome by introducing the nonlinear control.展开更多
The chiral magnetic effect is concisely derived by employing the Wigner function approach in the chiral fermion system.Subsequently,the chiral magnetic effect is derived by solving the Landau levels of chiral fermions...The chiral magnetic effect is concisely derived by employing the Wigner function approach in the chiral fermion system.Subsequently,the chiral magnetic effect is derived by solving the Landau levels of chiral fermions in detail.The second quantization and ensemble average leads to the equation of the chiral magnetic effect for righthand and lefthand fermion systems.The chiral magnetic effect arises uniquely from the contribution of the lowest Landau level.We carefully analyze the lowest Landau level and find that all righthand(chirality is+1)fermions move along the direction of the magnetic field,whereas all lefthand(chirality is-1)fermions move in the opposite direction of the magnetic field.Hence,the chiral magnetic effect can be explained clearly using a microscopic approach.展开更多
CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics doped with different contents of Sc203 （mol%, x = 0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, and 0.20） were prepared by the traditional solid-state reaction method. Scanning electron microscope （SEM） and X-ray diff...CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics doped with different contents of Sc203 （mol%, x = 0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, and 0.20） were prepared by the traditional solid-state reaction method. Scanning electron microscope （SEM） and X-ray diffraction （XRD） were used in the microstructural studies of the specimen, and the electrical properties were inves- tigated. XRD results show that the Sc has no influence on the phase composition. The results from the dielectric measurements show that further increase of Sc doping could decrease the dielectric loss slightly. A high dielectric constant and low dielectric loss can be achieved when the doping concentration is 0.10 mol%.展开更多
In this paper the theory of resonance fluorescence spectrum by two-level system is presented without the assumption of rotating wave approximation.However,in this case,the application of quantum fluctuation-regression...In this paper the theory of resonance fluorescence spectrum by two-level system is presented without the assumption of rotating wave approximation.However,in this case,the application of quantum fluctuation-regression theorem to evaluate the resonance fluorescence spectrum takes a more complicated form.The prominent features of the spectrum calculated are the double splitting on the central and side bands and the emergence of harmonics in the asymmetric spectra.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2019YFA0705000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11734009,61590934,and 11874375)+1 种基金the Strategic Priority Research Program of CAS(Grant No.XDB16030300)the Key Project of the Shanghai Science and Technology Committee(Grant No.17JC1400400).
文摘Optical true delay lines(OTDLs)of low propagation losses,small footprints and high tuning speeds and efficiencies are of critical importance for various photonic applications.Here,we report fabrication of electro-optically switchable OTDLs on lithium niobate on insulator using photolithography assisted chemo-mechanical etching.Our device consists of several low-loss optical waveguides of different lengths which are consecutively connected by electro-optical switches to generate different amounts of time delay.The fabricated OTLDs show an ultra-low propagation loss of^0.03dB/cm for waveguide lengths well above 100 cm.
基金Supported by the National Key Technologies Research and Development Program of China during the 11th Five-Year Plan Period (No. 2006BAC01A11)
文摘As an important component of the global carbon （C） budget, litter decomposition in terrestrial ecosystems is greatly affected by the increasing nitrogen （N） deposition observed globally. We hypothesized that different litter fractions derived from a single tree species may respond to N deposition differently depending on the quality of the litter substrate. To test the hypothesis, a two-year field experiment was conducted using the litterbag method in a Pleioblastus amarus plantation in the rainy region of Southwest China. Four N treatment levels were applied： control （no N added）, low-N （50 kg N ha-1 year-1）, medium-N （150 kg N ha-a year-1）, and high-N （300 kg N ha-1 year-l）. We observed different patterns of mass loss for the three P. amarus litter fractions （leaves, sheaths, and twigs） of varying substrate quality in the control plots. There were two decomposition stages with different decay rates （fast rate in early stages and slow rate in the later stages） for leaves and sheaths, while we did not observe a slower phase for the decay of twigs during the 2-year study period. The annual decomposition rate （k） of twigs was significantly lower than that of leaves or sheaths. Addition of N slowed the decomposition of leaves and twigs in the later stages of decomposition by inhibiting the decay of lignin and cellulose, while addition of N did not affect the mass loss of sheaths during the study period. In the decomposition of all three litter fractions, experimental N deposition reduced the net N accumulation in the early stages and also decreased the net N release in the later stages. The results of this study suggest that litter substrate quality may be an important factor affecting litter decomposition in a bamboo ecosystem affected by N deposition.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation,China(No.31300522)the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education,China(No.20125103120018)+1 种基金the Scientific Research Fund of Sichuan Provincial Education Department,China(No.12ZA118)the National Key Technology R&D Program,China(No.2011BAC09B05)
文摘Bamboos are one of the fast-growing and multiple use species in the world, and thus bamboo forests/plantations play an important role in C sequestration at regional and global levels. We studied aboveground litterfall, litter decomposition and nutrient dynamics for two years in two subtropical bamboo ecosystems in Southwest China so as to test the hypothesis that litter quality determine the rate and nutrient dynamics during decomposition of different litter fractions. Mean annual total aboveground litter production ranged from 494 to 434 g m-2 in two bamboo stands （P stand, dominated by Pleioblastus amarus and H stand, hybrid bamboo dominated by Bambusa pervariabilis x Dendrocalamopsis daii）. Bulk （-80%） of litter production was contributed by leaf litter in two stands followed by twigs and sheathes. Different litter fractions represented considerable variations in the rates of mass loss and nutrient release. Variation of the mass remaining after 2 years of decomposition was significantly explained by initial C/N ratio and initial P concentration. Initial concentrations of N, P, Ca, and Mg explained 57.9%, 95.0%, 99.8% and 98.1%, respectively, of the variations of these elements mass remaining after 2 years of decomposition. The patterns of nutrient dynamics and the final amount remaining were mainly determined by their initial litter substrate quality in tl^ese two subtropical bamboo plantations.
基金supported by the President Foundation of Nanfang Hospital,Southern Medical University,No.2016Z003(50107021)(to JZF).
文摘Studies have shown that repetitive transcra nial magnetic stimulation(rTMS)can enhance synaptic plasticity and improve neurological dysfunction.Howeve r,the mechanism through which rTMS can improve moderate traumatic brain injury remains poorly understood.In this study,we established rat models of moderate traumatic brain injury using Feeney's weight-dropping method and treated them using rTMS.To help determine the mechanism of action,we measured levels of seve ral impo rtant brain activity-related proteins and their mRNA.On the injured side of the brain,we found that rTMS increased the protein levels and mRNA expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor,tropomyosin receptor kinase B,N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor 1,and phosphorylated cAMP response element binding protein,which are closely associated with the occurrence of long-term potentiation.rTMS also partially reve rsed the loss of synaptophysin after injury and promoted the remodeling of synaptic ultrastructure.These findings suggest that upregulation of synaptic plasticity-related protein expression is the mechanism through which rTMS promotes neurological function recovery after moderate traumatic brain injury.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant Nos.2016YFA0301302,and 2016YFA0301700)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11825402,61590932,11774333,62061160487,12004373,11734009,and 11874375)+4 种基金Anhui Initiative in Quantum Information Technologies(Grant No.AHY130300)Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDB24030601)Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences(Grant No.Y18G20)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universitiespartially carried out at the USTC Center for Micro and Nanoscale Research and Fabrication。
文摘On-chip bright quantum sources with multiplexing ability are extremely high in demand for integrated quantum networks with unprecedented scalability and complexity.Here,we demonstrate a bright and broadband biphoton quantum source with spectral multiplexing generated in a lithium niobate microresonator system.Without introducing the conventional domain poling,the on-chip microdisk produces photon pairs covering a broad bandwidth promised by natural phase matching in spontaneous parametric down conversion.Experimentally,the multiplexed photon pairs are characterized by 30 nm bandwidth limited by the filtering system,providing over 40 multiplexing channels with a 0.8 nm channel spacing.Meanwhile,the generation rate reaches 5.13 MHz/μW with a coincidence-to-accidental ratio up to 804,and the quantum source manifests a high purity with a heralded single photon correlation g^((2))_(H)(0)=0.0098±0.0021.Furthermore,the energy-time entanglement is demonstrated with an excellent interference visibility of 96.5%±2%.Such a quantum source at the telecommunication band paves the way for high-dimensional entanglement and future integrated quantum information systems.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31871593)the Chongqing Science and Technology Commission Special Project,China(cstc2016shms-ztzx0032)the Southwest University Innovation Team Project,China(XDJK2017A004)。
文摘Length of grain affects the appearance, quality, and yield of rice. A rice long-grain chromosome segment substitution line Z744, with Nipponbare as the recipient parent and Xihui 18 as the donor parent, was identified. Z744 contains a total of six substitution segments distributed on chromosomes(Chrs.) 1, 2, 6, 7, and 12, with an average substitution length of 2.72 Mb. The grain length, ratio of length to width, and 1 000-grain weight of Z744 were significantly higher than those in Nipponbare. The plant height, panicle number, and seed-set ratio in Z744 were significantly lower than those in Nipponbare, but they were still 78.7 cm, 13.5 per plant, and 86.49%, respectively. Furthermore, eight QTLs of different traits were identified in the secondary F2 population, constructed by Nipponbare and Z744 hybridization. The grain weight of Z744 was controlled by two synergistic QTLs(qGWT1 and q GWT7) and two subtractive QTLs(qGWT2 and qGWT6), respectively. The increase in the grain weight of Z744 was caused mainly by the increase in grain length. Two QTLs were detected, qGL1 and qGL7-3, which accounted for 25.54 and 15.58% of phenotypic variation, respectively. A Chi-square test showed that the long-grain number and the short-grain number were in accordance with the 3:1 separation ratio, which indicates that the long grain is dominant over the short-grain and Z744 was controlled mainly by the principal effect qGL1. These results offered a good basis for further fine mapping of qGL1 and further dissection of other QTLs into single-segment substitution lines.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 10271022, 60373093,60533060)
文摘A piecewise algebraic curve is a curve determined by the zero set of a bivariate spline function. In this paper, the Nother type theorems for Cμpiecewise algebraic curves are obtained. The theory of the linear series of sets of places on the piecewise algebraic curve is also established. In this theory, singular cycles are put into the linear series, and a complete series of the piecewise algebraic curves consists of all effective ordinary cycles in an equivalence class and all effective singular cycles which are equivalent specifically to any effective ordinary cycle in the equivalence class. This theory is a generalization of that of linear series of the algebraic curve. With this theory and the fundamental theory of multivariate splines on smoothing cofactors and global conformality conditions, and the results on the general expression of multivariate splines, we get a formula on the index, the order and the dimension of a complete series of the irreducible Cμpiecewise algebraic curves and the degree, the genus and the smoothness of the curves, hence the Riemann-Roch type theorem of the Cμpiecewise algebraic curve is established.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11890713,11735007,11890711,11947228)the Chinese Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2019M662316)。
文摘We construct the grand partition function of the system of massive Dirac fermions in a uniform magnetic field from Landau levels,through which all thermodynamic quantities can be obtained.Making use of the Abel–Plana formula,these thermodynamic quantities can be expanded as power series with respect to the dimensionless variable𝑏b=2eB/T^(2).The zero-field magnetic susceptibility is expanded at zero mass,and the leading order term is logarithmic.We also calculate scalar,vector current,axial vector current and energy-momentum tensor of the system through ensemble average approach.Mass correction to chiral separation effect is discussed.For massless chiral fermions,our results recover the chiral magnetic effect for right-and left-handed fermions,as well as chiral separation effect.
基金Project supported by The National Natural Science Foundation of China No.69973010,19871010 and10271022.
文摘We give definitions of real piecewise algebraic variety and its dimension. By using the techniques of real radical ideal, P-radical ideal, affine Hilbert polynomial, Bernstein-net form of polynomials on simplex, and decomposition of semi-algebraic set, etc., we deal with the dimension of the real piecewise algebraic variety and real Nullstellensatz in Cμ spline ring.
文摘A minitype reference radiation(MRR) with dimensions of only 1 m × 1 m × 1 m has been developed for the in situ calibration of photon dosimeters.The present work conducts a feasibility study on determining the conventional true value of gamma-ray air kerma at the point of test in the MRR.Owing to its smaller dimensions,the scattered gamma-rays in the MRR are expected to induce a non-negligible interference with the radiation field compared with conditions in the standard reference radiation stipulated by ISO4037-1 or GB/T12162.1.A gamma-ray spectrometer was employed to obtain the spectra of scattered gamma-rays within the MRR,and the feature components of the spectra were extracted by principal component analysis to characterize the interference of a dosimeter probe in the radiation field.A prediction model of the CAK at the point of test was built by least squares support vector machine based on the feature component data obtained from nine sample dosimeters under five different dose rates.The mean prediction error of the CAK prediction model was within ±4.5%,and the maximum prediction error was about ±10%.
基金partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.60373093,60533060)the Research Project of Liaoning Educational Committee(Grant No.2005085)
文摘The piecewise algebraic curve is a kind generalization of the classical algebraic curve. Nther-type theorem of piecewise algebraic curves on the cross-cut partition is very important to construct the Lagrange interpolation sets for a bivariate spline space.In this paper,using the properties of bivariate splines,the Nther-type theorem of piecewise algebraic curves on the arbitrary triangulation is presented.
基金Acknowledgments. This work is partly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Nos. 11290143, Ul135003, 11471066, 11271060, 11301052）, Fundamental Research of Civil Aircraft （No. MJ-F-2012-04）, and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities （Nos. DUT13LK07, DUT13LK45, DUT14YQ111）.
文摘The T-meshes are local modification of rectangular meshes which allow T-junctions. The splines over T-meshes are involved in many fields, such as finite element methods, CAGD etc. The dimension of a spline space is a basic problem for the theories and applications of splines. However, the problem of determining the dimension of a spline space is difficult since it heavily depends on the geometric properties of the partition. In many cases, the dimension is unstable. In this paper, we study the instability in the dimensions of spline spaces over T-meshes by using the smoothing cofactor-conformality method. The modified dimension formulas of spline spaces over T-meshes with T-cycles are also presented. Moreover, some examples are given to illustrate the instability in the dimensions of the spline spaces over some special meshes.
文摘Objective:To observe the difference in clinical efficacy of acupuncture with strong and weak stimulation in treating neck type cervical spondylosis.Methods:64 patients with neck type cervical spondylosis were randomly divided into strong stimulation group and weak stimulation group,with 32 cases in each group.The acupoints selected are Jingjiaji 5-7(cervical acupoints EX-B2 C5-C7),Tianzhu(BL10)on both sides,Houxi(SI3)on both sides,Hegu(LI4)on both sides,Geshu(BL17)on both sides,and Ashi.In the strong stimulation group,deep needling with 0.25 mm×40 mm milli-needle was performed,with a mild reinforcing-reducing method.The twisting angle was 90°-180°,the frequency was 60-90 times/min,and the needles were applied for 1 min at each point.Keep the needle for 30 minutes,twisting was performed every 10 min during the retention period.Change hands once.In the weak stimulation group,shallow acupuncture with a 0.18 mm×40 mm milli-needle was performed,with a mild reinforcing-reducing method,with a twisting angle of 60°-90°,a frequency of 30-60 times/min,and acupuncture for 10 seconds at each acupoint.Keep the needle for 30 minutes,and no needle during the retention period.Patients in both groups were treated once every 1 to 2 days,3 times a week for 2 weeks,and followed up for 1 month after all treatments.The two groups of patients were compared before and after treatment and during follow-up.The McGill pain questionnaire score and the cervical spine dysfunction index score were compared to determine the clinical efficacy.Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 22.0 statistical software.Results:1 case drop-out in the strong stimulation group and 1 case in the weak stimulation group.The total effective rate of the strong stimulation group was 90.32%,the total effective rate of the weak stimulation group was 83.87%,and the total effective rate of the strong stimulation group was higher than that of the weak stimulation group(P<0.05).The total scores of the short-form McGill pain questionnaire,the VAS score,and the
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.69578014.
文摘The nonlinear and the exact control of chaos is deduced.Using these methods we achieve a simultaneous and instantaneous control of the scheduled unstable 2^(k)p points for the logistic and the Henon map.The derivatives needed in the nonlinear method have been evaluated experimentally from the time series xn,without the pre-knowledge of the function f(x).The difficulty confronted in the optimum control may be overcome by introducing the nonlinear control.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11847220)in part Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11735007,11890711)。
文摘The chiral magnetic effect is concisely derived by employing the Wigner function approach in the chiral fermion system.Subsequently,the chiral magnetic effect is derived by solving the Landau levels of chiral fermions in detail.The second quantization and ensemble average leads to the equation of the chiral magnetic effect for righthand and lefthand fermion systems.The chiral magnetic effect arises uniquely from the contribution of the lowest Landau level.We carefully analyze the lowest Landau level and find that all righthand(chirality is+1)fermions move along the direction of the magnetic field,whereas all lefthand(chirality is-1)fermions move in the opposite direction of the magnetic field.Hence,the chiral magnetic effect can be explained clearly using a microscopic approach.
基金financially supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(No.61205128)the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China(No.20123227120021)+3 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK2012156)the Opening Project of State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices(No.KFJJ201105)Application Program for Basic Research of Changzhou(No.CJ20125001)the Universities Natural Science Research Project of Jiangsu Province(No.13KJB430006)
文摘CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics doped with different contents of Sc203 （mol%, x = 0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, and 0.20） were prepared by the traditional solid-state reaction method. Scanning electron microscope （SEM） and X-ray diffraction （XRD） were used in the microstructural studies of the specimen, and the electrical properties were inves- tigated. XRD results show that the Sc has no influence on the phase composition. The results from the dielectric measurements show that further increase of Sc doping could decrease the dielectric loss slightly. A high dielectric constant and low dielectric loss can be achieved when the doping concentration is 0.10 mol%.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.69778011。
文摘In this paper the theory of resonance fluorescence spectrum by two-level system is presented without the assumption of rotating wave approximation.However,in this case,the application of quantum fluctuation-regression theorem to evaluate the resonance fluorescence spectrum takes a more complicated form.The prominent features of the spectrum calculated are the double splitting on the central and side bands and the emergence of harmonics in the asymmetric spectra.
