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Biochar’s Electrochemical Properties Impact on Methanogenesis: Ruminal vs. Soil Processes
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作者 Anna Kolganova rattan lal Jeffrey Firkins 《Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Environment》 CAS 2023年第1期28-43,共16页
The chemical composition of biochar and the pyrolysis temperature, under which biochar was produced, determine its electrochemical properties. Electrical conductivity, pseudo-capacitance, and double layer capacitance ... The chemical composition of biochar and the pyrolysis temperature, under which biochar was produced, determine its electrochemical properties. Electrical conductivity, pseudo-capacitance, and double layer capacitance are the three main electrochemical properties of biochar. Due to the electrical conductivity biochar is able to interfere with the electrons flow and play a dual role of an electron donor or an electron acceptor. The average conductivity of biochar is 229.20 S/m. Pseudocapacitance of biochar lets it serve as a hydrogen sink, taking up the hydrogen produced by protozoa and preventing it from participating in methane-producing reactions in the rumen environment. The average value of biochar’s pseudocapacitance is 228 F&middot;g<sup>-1</sup>. Positive and negative charges get stored due to the absorption of ions onto the carbon surface, which happens because of the existence of double layer capacitance as one of biochar’s electrochemical properties. Biochar’s double layer capacitance values can reach the point of 110.8 F&middot;g<sup>-1</sup>. The electrochemical properties of biochar are directly co-dependent with its redox potential and pH. Electrical conductivity, pseudocapacitance, and double layer capacitance can significantly influence biochemical processes in the rumen and, thus, need to be studied practically. 展开更多
关键词 BIOCHAR RUMINANTS METHANOGENESIS SOIL
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Chemical Oxidation Effects on Anion Exchange and Nitrate Sorption Capacity of Biochar for Ruminal Methanogenesis Inhibition
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作者 Anna Kolganova Jeffrey Lynn Firkins +1 位作者 rattan lal Kelly Elizabeth Mitchell 《Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Environment》 2023年第3期250-262,共13页
The chemical composition of biochar is determined by the chemical profile of the material the by-product is made of and the pyrolysis conditions. Analysis of commercial biochar detected similarities to the chemical pr... The chemical composition of biochar is determined by the chemical profile of the material the by-product is made of and the pyrolysis conditions. Analysis of commercial biochar detected similarities to the chemical profile of hardwood, which was used as an object of pyrolysis for biochar production and showed the presence of bridge-forming cations, such as manganese, iron, and sodium. Despite frequently being reported in existing literature, the current study showed that the redox potential of biochar is not associated with biochar’s ability to recover certain anions. No association was detected between biochar’s redox potential and the material nitrate sorption capacity. In fact, higher redox potential values were associated with lower nitrate absorption. In the case of the anion exchange capacity of biochar, a direct association between this electrochemical property of the by-product and its redox potential was observed. However, redox potential’s impact on anion exchange capacity can be inhibited by the presence of organic compounds in biochar’s chemical profile. The chemical oxidation of biochar is a complex process and is a research priority for a potential role to mitigate enteric methanogenesis in livestock. 展开更多
关键词 METHANOGENESIS BIOCHAR RUMEN NITRATES Anion Exchange Electrochemical Properties
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Soil Organic Carbon Dynamics in Eroding and Depositional Landscapes 被引量:2
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作者 Kenneth R. Olson Mahdi Al-Kaisi +1 位作者 rattan lal Larry Cihacek 《Open Journal of Soil Science》 2016年第8期121-134,共14页
As a requisite to determining management practice effects on stored soil organic carbon (SOC) stock in a landscape unit, the baseline SOC stock with depth must be determined and the land use, management practices and ... As a requisite to determining management practice effects on stored soil organic carbon (SOC) stock in a landscape unit, the baseline SOC stock with depth must be determined and the land use, management practices and erosion-induced changes measured periodically or over a period of time. The SOC loss and additions due to soil erosion, transport and deposition must be accounted for or be quantified when determining the real impact of the management practices on net SOC stock over time. Quantifying the SOC loss due to erosion will help avoid over estimation of the management practice performances. Appropriate soil sampling designs and sampling procedures are needed to establish a SOC stock baseline and to monitor and verify new SOC storage or sequestration as a result of a management practice. The Dinesen Prairie landscape in western Iowa, USA was sampled to provide a SOC stock baseline and then the adjacent cropland was sampled to determine the past impact of land use change, management practices and erosion on SOC stock retention. After 100 to 150 years of farming, the entire cropland landscape retained only 49% of the baseline prairie SOC stock. Only the cropland toe-slope (TS) retained more SOC stock than the prairie TS as a result of the erosion, transport and deposition of SOC rich sediment on the TS. 展开更多
关键词 Soil Organic Carbon EROSION MONITORING
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