In this study, three wheat varieties were tested to determine seed germination and the incidence of Magnaporthe oryzae triticum (MoT). Among these varieties, BARI Gom 24 (Prodip) wheat seed exhibited the highest seed ...In this study, three wheat varieties were tested to determine seed germination and the incidence of Magnaporthe oryzae triticum (MoT). Among these varieties, BARI Gom 24 (Prodip) wheat seed exhibited the highest seed germination rate (93%) but also had the highest incidence (30%) of MoT. To manage blast disease in an ecofriendly manner, seven treatments were employed: T<sub>1</sub> = Control, T<sub>2</sub> = Garlic clove extracts, T<sub>3</sub> = Aloe vera leaf extracts, T<sub>4</sub> = Black cumin seed extracts, T<sub>5</sub> = Neem leaf extracts, T<sub>6</sub> = Nativo 75 WG, and T<sub>7</sub> = Provax 200 WP. The experiment was conducted using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) layout with three replications using Prodip wheat variety that exhibited highest MoT infection severity based on laboratory analysis among collected varieties. Data were collected on blast disease incidence (%), disease severity, and various growth and yield parameters of wheat. The experiment’s results indicated that among all the treatments, T<sub>7</sub> (Seed treatment with Provax 200 WP) and T<sub>5</sub> (Foliar spraying with Neem leaf extract) performed better in controlling blast disease in wheat. The lowest blast disease incidence (%) was observed with T<sub>7</sub> (Provax 200 WP), with values of 7.86, 9.86, and 10.19 recorded during the milking stage, soft dough stage, and hard dough stage of wheat, respectively. T<sub>5</sub> (Neem leaf extract) also demonstrated a statistically equivalent reduction in blast disease incidence (%). In terms of disease severity, T<sub>7</sub> (Seed treatment with Provax 200 WP) showed the lowest values of 1.03, 1.23, and 1.63 during the milking stage, soft dough stage, and hard dough stage of wheat, respectively. Foliar spraying with neem leaf extract also exhibited similar result as of Provax 200 WP regarding panicle blast severity. As a result of these findings, it can be concluded that T<sub>5</sub> (Neem leaf extract) is recommended as an ecofriendly management approach for blast 展开更多
An experiment was conducted at the Mycology laboratory, Department of Plant Pathology, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh to find out the efficacy of selected botanical extracts against Botrytis ...An experiment was conducted at the Mycology laboratory, Department of Plant Pathology, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh to find out the efficacy of selected botanical extracts against Botrytis gladiolorum (Bg) causing gladiolus leaf blight. Infected leaves samples were collected from gladiolus farmers’ field and brought to the laboratory for study. Ten selected botanicals were used against the colony growth of (Bg). The botanicals were Mehendi, Chrysanthemum, Basil (Tulsi), Onion, Neem, Bael, Arjuna, Garlic, Aloevera (Ghritkumary) and Turmeric. Botanical extracts were applied at the rate of 5%, 10% and 20%. The radial mycelia growth was found minimum (11.60 mm) in garlic extract treated plate at the dose of 5% at 5 DAI, which was statistically similar with turmeric extract treated (14.00 mm) plate and the inhibition of growth was 60% and 51.72%, respectively. Similar trend was found at 10 DAI and 15 DAI. At 15 DAI, garlic and turmeric extract gave the best result against Bg, which was statistically similar with onion (50.07% inhibition) and mehendi (49.93%). All botanicals showed significantly different results over control and found effective in reducing the mycelial growth at the dose of 10%. At 5 DAI, no radial mycelia growth was found in garlic treated plate, which was statistically similar with onion treated plate, means that the inhibition of growth was 100%. Similar trend was also found at 10 DAI, and 15 DAI but at 15 DAI, onion (30.20 mm) gave the statistically similar results with Garlic (30.10 mm) and the mycelia growth inhibition was (57.70%) and (57.84%), respectively. In case of 20% dose, garlic extract showed the best result at 5 DAI and the radial mycelia growth was found minimum (00.00 mm) which was statistically similar with onion extract treated (00.00 mm) plate and turmeric extract treated plate. The inhibition of growth was 100%. At 15 DAI, the inhibition of fungal growth was found (73.74%), (71.23%) and (66.90%), respectively with treated by turmeric (18.80 mm), garl展开更多
Soil total organic carbon(TOC)is a composite indicator of soil quality with implications for crop production and the regulation of soil ecosystem services.Research reports on the dynamics of TOC as a consequence of so...Soil total organic carbon(TOC)is a composite indicator of soil quality with implications for crop production and the regulation of soil ecosystem services.Research reports on the dynamics of TOC as a consequence of soil management practices in subtropical climatic conditions,where microbial carbon(C)loss is high,are very limited.The objective of our study was to evaluate the impact of seven years of continuous tillage and residue management on soil TOC dynamics(quantitative and qualitative)with respect to lability and stratification under an annual wheat-mung bean-rice cropping sequence.Composite soil samples were collected at 0-15 and 15-30 cm depths from a three-replicate split-plot experiment with tillage treatment as the main plots and crop residue levels as the sub-plots.The tillage treatments included conventional tillage(CT)and strip tillage(ST).Residue levels were high residue level(HR),30%of the plant height,and low residue level(LR),15%.In addition to TOC,soil samples were analyzed for particulate organic C(POC),permanganate oxidizable C(POXC),basal respiration(BR),specific maintenance respiration rate(qCO_(2)),microbial biomass C(MBC),potentially mineralizable C(PMC),and TOC lability and management indices.The ST treatment significantly increased the TOC and labile C pools at both depths compared with the CT treatment,with the effect being more pronounced in the surface layer.The HR treatment increased TOC and labile C pools compared with the LR treatment.The ST+HR treatment showed significant increases in MBC,metabolic quotient(qR),C pool index(CPI),C lability index(CL_(I)),and C management index(CMI),indicating improved and efficient soil biological activities in such systems compared with the CT treatment.Similarly,the stratification values,a measure of soil quality improvement,for POC and MBC were>2,indicating improved soil quality in the ST+HR treatment compared with the CT treatment.The ST+HR treatment not only significantly increased the contents of TOC pools,but also their stocks.The CMI was co展开更多
Stimuli-responsive polymers have the extraordinary ability to change their physical and/or chemical state after they‘‘detect’’a change in their environment;their response depends dramatically on their chemical com...Stimuli-responsive polymers have the extraordinary ability to change their physical and/or chemical state after they‘‘detect’’a change in their environment;their response depends dramatically on their chemical composition.This property has been used for a plethora of applications;this review highlights their utility for human health.Specifically,this review will highlight efforts in the areas of sensing and biosensing,antimicrobial/antifouling coatings,tissue engineering and regenerative medicine,and drug delivery.Specific examples are given in each of these areas,with some focus on our work engineering poly(Nisopropylacrylamide)-based microgels and other responsive systems.展开更多
This paper presents the design and preliminary performance assessment of a full-body assistive exoskeleton(AXO-SUIT)for older adults.AXO-SUIT is a system that consists of separate lower-body and upper-body modular exo...This paper presents the design and preliminary performance assessment of a full-body assistive exoskeleton(AXO-SUIT)for older adults.AXO-SUIT is a system that consists of separate lower-body and upper-body modular exoskeletons,which can be combined to form a full-body system to provide flexible physical assistance as needed.The full-body exoskeleton comprises 27 degrees of freedom(dof),of which 17 are passive and 10 active.It can assist people in walking,standing,carrying and handling tasks.A user-centered design approach was adopted throughout the development of the exoskeleton.This paper describes the design process of AXOSUIT,involving a review of user needs,a kinematic and kinetic motion study,and innovative system design.Tests with the developed systems were conducted on selected end-user subjects,covering both performance evaluations at different levels and useability testing.End-user testing results show the effectiveness of the exoskeleton in providing flexible physical assistance.展开更多
No-till(NT)farming(conservation agriculture)began in the US in the 1960s.The state of Ohio has a university research location that began no-till research in 1962.A few innovative Ohio farmers,including NT pioneers Dav...No-till(NT)farming(conservation agriculture)began in the US in the 1960s.The state of Ohio has a university research location that began no-till research in 1962.A few innovative Ohio farmers,including NT pioneers David Brandt and Bill Richards,were early adopters of the new conservation practice.Initially,no-till was most successful on sloping,well drained soils,then with improvements to the system,including cover crops,it became more widely adopted on all soil types.David Brandt was an enthusiastic learner and teacher of no-till practices,working with chemical company representatives and Cooperative Extension Specialists to demonstrate the system.David Brandt’s cooperation with Ohio State University researchers continues to provide a valuable site for studying the long term changes in soil health and ecosystem services.Results showed that total microbial biomass as one of the soil biological health indicators significantly increased with an associated decrease in carbon(C)loss under NT compared with conventional tilled soil(CT).Under NT,there was significantly higher total C and total N compared to CT.Active C,as a composite measure of soil health,significantly increased with NT.When cover crops,especially cover crop cocktail mixes,were used,NT substantially improved soil health.Long-term NT with cover crop cocktail mixes significantly increased the soil aggregate stability,compared with CT.The overall rate of C sequestration by NT suggested that the soils on the Brandt farm act as a consistent sink of atmospheric CO2 although this tends to level off after about 20 years.The Brandt farm showed that crop yields are increased under long-term NT with cover crops mixes.Results suggested that starting with a cover crop when switching from CT to NT,is more likely to ensure success and to maintain economic crop yields.Another early adopter,Bill Richards,from Circleville,Ohio,also became a national leader and promoter of no-till farming.He served as head of the United States Department of Agriculture’s Natural Reso展开更多
This paper presents a comprehensive survey of fault diagnosis and fault tolerant approaches for permanent magnet synchronous machines(PMSM).PMSMs are prominent in the pervading usage of electric motors,for their high ...This paper presents a comprehensive survey of fault diagnosis and fault tolerant approaches for permanent magnet synchronous machines(PMSM).PMSMs are prominent in the pervading usage of electric motors,for their high efficiency,great robustness,reliability and low torque inertia.In spite of their extensive appliance,they can be quite non-resilient and inadequate in operation when faults appear in motor drive apparatus such as inverters,stator windings,sensors,etc.These may lead to insulation failure,torque fluctuations,overcurrent or even system collapse.On that account,fault diagnosis and fault tolerant methods are equipped to enhance the stability and robustness in PMSMs.Progressive methodologies of PMSM fault diagnosis and tolerance are classified,discussed,reviewed and compared in this paper,beginning with mat hematical modeling of PMSM and then scrutinizing various fault conditions in PMSMs.Finally,the scope of research on the topic is highlighted.The contribution of this review is to emphasize optimistic schemes and to assist researchers with the latest trends in this field for future directions.展开更多
The genetic constitution of fifteen materials derived from the cross wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. 'Chinese Spring') X barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. 'Betzes') was analyzed, and six disomic alien sub...The genetic constitution of fifteen materials derived from the cross wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. 'Chinese Spring') X barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. 'Betzes') was analyzed, and six disomic alien substitution lines were screened by GISH. The chromosome configurations in pollen mother cells at meiotic metaphase I (PMCs M I) of F, from each disomic substitution line respectively crossed with double ditelocentric lines 2A, 2B and 2D of 'Chinese Spring' were observed, and a set of wheat-barley disomic alien substitution lines 2H(A), 2H(B) and 2H(D) were obtained. The RFLP analysis with the probe psr131 on the short arm of wheat homeologous group 2 combining with four restriction enzymes were carried out. The results indicated that the probe psr131 could be used as molecular marker to tag the barley chromosome 2H. The barley chromosome 2H had good genetic compensation ability for wheat chromosomes 2B and 2D in vitality and other agronomic characters. The result of testing seed was that the wheat appearance starch quality had been changed from the half-farinaceous of 'Chinese Spring' to the half-cutin of substitution lines by transferring the barley chromosome 2H to wheat.展开更多
The quickening propensity of growth within the areas of information and communications technology and en-ergy networks has triggered the emergence of a central idea termed as Internet of Energy(IoE).Such a concept rel...The quickening propensity of growth within the areas of information and communications technology and en-ergy networks has triggered the emergence of a central idea termed as Internet of Energy(IoE).Such a concept relates the internet of things,which is the term used in describing the usage of sophisticated digital control devices with the capability of transmitting data via IT systems.The concept of an interconnected energy network is being formed in the upcoming days through upgrades in the field of intelligent energy systems to control real-time energy optimization and management.The energy industry has had a sustained expansion,reaching the IoE milestone and continuing to this cutting-edge power system,which is the next generation of IoE.A directional pathway from the traditional power system to the IoE has been conducted in this research work by addressing the importance of integrating the smart transmission and communication infrastructure,smart metering,pricing and energy management scheme.A detailed investigation of the IoE with respect to technical angles,such as communication architecture,IoE on the supply&demand side,and IoE protocol based on fundamental elements and essential technologies has been carried out to indicate the blueprint and jurisdiction complexity.The inte-gration,security and energy management challenges may deviate the performance of the IoE technology that has been focused with proper control issues and solutions.Finally,a directional framework to establish the next-generation IoE system has been constructed with future scopes to insure higher resiliency,cyber-security and stability.展开更多
The power demand around the world is increasing rapidly.The aging distribution network architectures are used by the existing utility companies to deliver power to the consumers,which significantly affects the reliabi...The power demand around the world is increasing rapidly.The aging distribution network architectures are used by the existing utility companies to deliver power to the consumers,which significantly affects the reliability,stability and quality of the delivered power.Different techniques such as compensation devices have been used by power system engineers and researchers to maintain the quality of power transmitted to end users.In this paper,wattage and volt-amp reactive(VAR)planning scheme has been proposed by using the combination of battery energy storage systems(BESS)and compensators to deal with the vulnerability of networks to voltage drop and system inefficiency.The cost-effective combination of BESS and shunt capacitor bank will then be analyzed to indicate the benefit of the proposed scheme.展开更多
文摘In this study, three wheat varieties were tested to determine seed germination and the incidence of Magnaporthe oryzae triticum (MoT). Among these varieties, BARI Gom 24 (Prodip) wheat seed exhibited the highest seed germination rate (93%) but also had the highest incidence (30%) of MoT. To manage blast disease in an ecofriendly manner, seven treatments were employed: T<sub>1</sub> = Control, T<sub>2</sub> = Garlic clove extracts, T<sub>3</sub> = Aloe vera leaf extracts, T<sub>4</sub> = Black cumin seed extracts, T<sub>5</sub> = Neem leaf extracts, T<sub>6</sub> = Nativo 75 WG, and T<sub>7</sub> = Provax 200 WP. The experiment was conducted using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) layout with three replications using Prodip wheat variety that exhibited highest MoT infection severity based on laboratory analysis among collected varieties. Data were collected on blast disease incidence (%), disease severity, and various growth and yield parameters of wheat. The experiment’s results indicated that among all the treatments, T<sub>7</sub> (Seed treatment with Provax 200 WP) and T<sub>5</sub> (Foliar spraying with Neem leaf extract) performed better in controlling blast disease in wheat. The lowest blast disease incidence (%) was observed with T<sub>7</sub> (Provax 200 WP), with values of 7.86, 9.86, and 10.19 recorded during the milking stage, soft dough stage, and hard dough stage of wheat, respectively. T<sub>5</sub> (Neem leaf extract) also demonstrated a statistically equivalent reduction in blast disease incidence (%). In terms of disease severity, T<sub>7</sub> (Seed treatment with Provax 200 WP) showed the lowest values of 1.03, 1.23, and 1.63 during the milking stage, soft dough stage, and hard dough stage of wheat, respectively. Foliar spraying with neem leaf extract also exhibited similar result as of Provax 200 WP regarding panicle blast severity. As a result of these findings, it can be concluded that T<sub>5</sub> (Neem leaf extract) is recommended as an ecofriendly management approach for blast
文摘An experiment was conducted at the Mycology laboratory, Department of Plant Pathology, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh to find out the efficacy of selected botanical extracts against Botrytis gladiolorum (Bg) causing gladiolus leaf blight. Infected leaves samples were collected from gladiolus farmers’ field and brought to the laboratory for study. Ten selected botanicals were used against the colony growth of (Bg). The botanicals were Mehendi, Chrysanthemum, Basil (Tulsi), Onion, Neem, Bael, Arjuna, Garlic, Aloevera (Ghritkumary) and Turmeric. Botanical extracts were applied at the rate of 5%, 10% and 20%. The radial mycelia growth was found minimum (11.60 mm) in garlic extract treated plate at the dose of 5% at 5 DAI, which was statistically similar with turmeric extract treated (14.00 mm) plate and the inhibition of growth was 60% and 51.72%, respectively. Similar trend was found at 10 DAI and 15 DAI. At 15 DAI, garlic and turmeric extract gave the best result against Bg, which was statistically similar with onion (50.07% inhibition) and mehendi (49.93%). All botanicals showed significantly different results over control and found effective in reducing the mycelial growth at the dose of 10%. At 5 DAI, no radial mycelia growth was found in garlic treated plate, which was statistically similar with onion treated plate, means that the inhibition of growth was 100%. Similar trend was also found at 10 DAI, and 15 DAI but at 15 DAI, onion (30.20 mm) gave the statistically similar results with Garlic (30.10 mm) and the mycelia growth inhibition was (57.70%) and (57.84%), respectively. In case of 20% dose, garlic extract showed the best result at 5 DAI and the radial mycelia growth was found minimum (00.00 mm) which was statistically similar with onion extract treated (00.00 mm) plate and turmeric extract treated plate. The inhibition of growth was 100%. At 15 DAI, the inhibition of fungal growth was found (73.74%), (71.23%) and (66.90%), respectively with treated by turmeric (18.80 mm), garl
基金financially supported by South Asian Association of Regional Cooperation(SAARC)Agriculture Ph.D.Scholarship 2017(SAC No.611/17/143)。
文摘Soil total organic carbon(TOC)is a composite indicator of soil quality with implications for crop production and the regulation of soil ecosystem services.Research reports on the dynamics of TOC as a consequence of soil management practices in subtropical climatic conditions,where microbial carbon(C)loss is high,are very limited.The objective of our study was to evaluate the impact of seven years of continuous tillage and residue management on soil TOC dynamics(quantitative and qualitative)with respect to lability and stratification under an annual wheat-mung bean-rice cropping sequence.Composite soil samples were collected at 0-15 and 15-30 cm depths from a three-replicate split-plot experiment with tillage treatment as the main plots and crop residue levels as the sub-plots.The tillage treatments included conventional tillage(CT)and strip tillage(ST).Residue levels were high residue level(HR),30%of the plant height,and low residue level(LR),15%.In addition to TOC,soil samples were analyzed for particulate organic C(POC),permanganate oxidizable C(POXC),basal respiration(BR),specific maintenance respiration rate(qCO_(2)),microbial biomass C(MBC),potentially mineralizable C(PMC),and TOC lability and management indices.The ST treatment significantly increased the TOC and labile C pools at both depths compared with the CT treatment,with the effect being more pronounced in the surface layer.The HR treatment increased TOC and labile C pools compared with the LR treatment.The ST+HR treatment showed significant increases in MBC,metabolic quotient(qR),C pool index(CPI),C lability index(CL_(I)),and C management index(CMI),indicating improved and efficient soil biological activities in such systems compared with the CT treatment.Similarly,the stratification values,a measure of soil quality improvement,for POC and MBC were>2,indicating improved soil quality in the ST+HR treatment compared with the CT treatment.The ST+HR treatment not only significantly increased the contents of TOC pools,but also their stocks.The CMI was co
基金Michael J.Serpe acknowledges funding from the University of Alberta(the Department of Chemistry and the Faculty of Science)the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada(NSERC)+1 种基金the Canada Foundation for Innovation(CFI)the Alberta Advanced Education&Technology Small Equipment Grants Program(AET/SEGP),IC-IMPACTS,and Grand Challenges Canada
文摘Stimuli-responsive polymers have the extraordinary ability to change their physical and/or chemical state after they‘‘detect’’a change in their environment;their response depends dramatically on their chemical composition.This property has been used for a plethora of applications;this review highlights their utility for human health.Specifically,this review will highlight efforts in the areas of sensing and biosensing,antimicrobial/antifouling coatings,tissue engineering and regenerative medicine,and drug delivery.Specific examples are given in each of these areas,with some focus on our work engineering poly(Nisopropylacrylamide)-based microgels and other responsive systems.
基金supported by the EU AAL Programme,Innovation Fund Denmark,Vinnova(Sweden),Agentschap Innoveren&Ondernemen and Enterprise Ireland.
文摘This paper presents the design and preliminary performance assessment of a full-body assistive exoskeleton(AXO-SUIT)for older adults.AXO-SUIT is a system that consists of separate lower-body and upper-body modular exoskeletons,which can be combined to form a full-body system to provide flexible physical assistance as needed.The full-body exoskeleton comprises 27 degrees of freedom(dof),of which 17 are passive and 10 active.It can assist people in walking,standing,carrying and handling tasks.A user-centered design approach was adopted throughout the development of the exoskeleton.This paper describes the design process of AXOSUIT,involving a review of user needs,a kinematic and kinetic motion study,and innovative system design.Tests with the developed systems were conducted on selected end-user subjects,covering both performance evaluations at different levels and useability testing.End-user testing results show the effectiveness of the exoskeleton in providing flexible physical assistance.
文摘No-till(NT)farming(conservation agriculture)began in the US in the 1960s.The state of Ohio has a university research location that began no-till research in 1962.A few innovative Ohio farmers,including NT pioneers David Brandt and Bill Richards,were early adopters of the new conservation practice.Initially,no-till was most successful on sloping,well drained soils,then with improvements to the system,including cover crops,it became more widely adopted on all soil types.David Brandt was an enthusiastic learner and teacher of no-till practices,working with chemical company representatives and Cooperative Extension Specialists to demonstrate the system.David Brandt’s cooperation with Ohio State University researchers continues to provide a valuable site for studying the long term changes in soil health and ecosystem services.Results showed that total microbial biomass as one of the soil biological health indicators significantly increased with an associated decrease in carbon(C)loss under NT compared with conventional tilled soil(CT).Under NT,there was significantly higher total C and total N compared to CT.Active C,as a composite measure of soil health,significantly increased with NT.When cover crops,especially cover crop cocktail mixes,were used,NT substantially improved soil health.Long-term NT with cover crop cocktail mixes significantly increased the soil aggregate stability,compared with CT.The overall rate of C sequestration by NT suggested that the soils on the Brandt farm act as a consistent sink of atmospheric CO2 although this tends to level off after about 20 years.The Brandt farm showed that crop yields are increased under long-term NT with cover crops mixes.Results suggested that starting with a cover crop when switching from CT to NT,is more likely to ensure success and to maintain economic crop yields.Another early adopter,Bill Richards,from Circleville,Ohio,also became a national leader and promoter of no-till farming.He served as head of the United States Department of Agriculture’s Natural Reso
文摘This paper presents a comprehensive survey of fault diagnosis and fault tolerant approaches for permanent magnet synchronous machines(PMSM).PMSMs are prominent in the pervading usage of electric motors,for their high efficiency,great robustness,reliability and low torque inertia.In spite of their extensive appliance,they can be quite non-resilient and inadequate in operation when faults appear in motor drive apparatus such as inverters,stator windings,sensors,etc.These may lead to insulation failure,torque fluctuations,overcurrent or even system collapse.On that account,fault diagnosis and fault tolerant methods are equipped to enhance the stability and robustness in PMSMs.Progressive methodologies of PMSM fault diagnosis and tolerance are classified,discussed,reviewed and compared in this paper,beginning with mat hematical modeling of PMSM and then scrutinizing various fault conditions in PMSMs.Finally,the scope of research on the topic is highlighted.The contribution of this review is to emphasize optimistic schemes and to assist researchers with the latest trends in this field for future directions.
文摘The genetic constitution of fifteen materials derived from the cross wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. 'Chinese Spring') X barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. 'Betzes') was analyzed, and six disomic alien substitution lines were screened by GISH. The chromosome configurations in pollen mother cells at meiotic metaphase I (PMCs M I) of F, from each disomic substitution line respectively crossed with double ditelocentric lines 2A, 2B and 2D of 'Chinese Spring' were observed, and a set of wheat-barley disomic alien substitution lines 2H(A), 2H(B) and 2H(D) were obtained. The RFLP analysis with the probe psr131 on the short arm of wheat homeologous group 2 combining with four restriction enzymes were carried out. The results indicated that the probe psr131 could be used as molecular marker to tag the barley chromosome 2H. The barley chromosome 2H had good genetic compensation ability for wheat chromosomes 2B and 2D in vitality and other agronomic characters. The result of testing seed was that the wheat appearance starch quality had been changed from the half-farinaceous of 'Chinese Spring' to the half-cutin of substitution lines by transferring the barley chromosome 2H to wheat.
文摘The quickening propensity of growth within the areas of information and communications technology and en-ergy networks has triggered the emergence of a central idea termed as Internet of Energy(IoE).Such a concept relates the internet of things,which is the term used in describing the usage of sophisticated digital control devices with the capability of transmitting data via IT systems.The concept of an interconnected energy network is being formed in the upcoming days through upgrades in the field of intelligent energy systems to control real-time energy optimization and management.The energy industry has had a sustained expansion,reaching the IoE milestone and continuing to this cutting-edge power system,which is the next generation of IoE.A directional pathway from the traditional power system to the IoE has been conducted in this research work by addressing the importance of integrating the smart transmission and communication infrastructure,smart metering,pricing and energy management scheme.A detailed investigation of the IoE with respect to technical angles,such as communication architecture,IoE on the supply&demand side,and IoE protocol based on fundamental elements and essential technologies has been carried out to indicate the blueprint and jurisdiction complexity.The inte-gration,security and energy management challenges may deviate the performance of the IoE technology that has been focused with proper control issues and solutions.Finally,a directional framework to establish the next-generation IoE system has been constructed with future scopes to insure higher resiliency,cyber-security and stability.
文摘The power demand around the world is increasing rapidly.The aging distribution network architectures are used by the existing utility companies to deliver power to the consumers,which significantly affects the reliability,stability and quality of the delivered power.Different techniques such as compensation devices have been used by power system engineers and researchers to maintain the quality of power transmitted to end users.In this paper,wattage and volt-amp reactive(VAR)planning scheme has been proposed by using the combination of battery energy storage systems(BESS)and compensators to deal with the vulnerability of networks to voltage drop and system inefficiency.The cost-effective combination of BESS and shunt capacitor bank will then be analyzed to indicate the benefit of the proposed scheme.
