Alanine aminotransferase(ALT)is a common clinical indicator of liver inflammation.The current Chinese guidelines for the management of chronic hepatitis B(CHB)recommend antiviral treatment for patients with detectable...Alanine aminotransferase(ALT)is a common clinical indicator of liver inflammation.The current Chinese guidelines for the management of chronic hepatitis B(CHB)recommend antiviral treatment for patients with detectable hepatitis B virus(HBV)DNA and persistent ALT levels(ALTs)exceeding the upper limit of normal.However,it has been recently reported that patients with chronic HBV infection,especially HBeAg-negative patients with persistently normal ALTs,may have liver biopsy findings of significant inflammation and fibrosis.For HBeAg-negative patients with chronic HBV infection and normal ALTs,many controversial questions have been asked.To treat or not?When to initiate the treatment?Which drug is appropriate?In this review,we summarize the available data on the management of HBeAg-negative patients with chronic HBV infection and normal ALTs with the aim of improving the current clinical management.展开更多
One major function of adipocytes is to store excess energy in the form of triglycerides. Insufficient adipose lipid storage is asso- ciated with many pathological conditions including hyperlipidemia, insulin resistanc...One major function of adipocytes is to store excess energy in the form of triglycerides. Insufficient adipose lipid storage is asso- ciated with many pathological conditions including hyperlipidemia, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes. In this study, we observed the overexpression of SUMO-specific protease 2 （Senp2） in adipose tissues during obesity. Adipocyte 5enp2 deficiency resulted in less adipose lipid storage accompanied by an ectopic fat accumulation and insulin resistance under high-fat diet feeding. We further found that SET domain bifurcated 1 （Setdbl） was a SUMOylated protein and that SUMOylation promoted Setdbl occupancy on the promoter locus of Pparg and Cebpa genes to suppress their expressions by H3Kgme3. Senp2 could suppress Setdbl function by de-SUMOylation. In adipocyte 5enp2-deficiency mice, accumulation of the SUMOylated Setdbl suppressed the expression of Pparg and Cebpo genes as welt as lipid metabolism-related target genes, which would decrease the ability of lipid storage in adipocytes. These results revealed the crucial role of Senp2-Setdbl axis in controlling adipose lipid storage.展开更多
A versatile two-dimensional(2D)molecular bilayer heterostructure of asymmetric MXene/monolayer transition metal dichalcogenide(aMXene/mTMDC)with a high interfacial built-in electric field is here simulated,where aMXen...A versatile two-dimensional(2D)molecular bilayer heterostructure of asymmetric MXene/monolayer transition metal dichalcogenide(aMXene/mTMDC)with a high interfacial built-in electric field is here simulated,where aMXene is an aMXene with the top or bottom electronegative atom plane of MXene removed.The asymmetric structural design of aMXene leads to a high dipole moment perpendicular to the 2D molecular plane.Although the unpassivated metal atoms in the aMXene are unstable and electropositive,coupling them to the electronegative chalcogenide atoms in an aMXene/mTMDC bilayer resolves this deficiency.The dipole field tunable by the specific composition of aMXene/mTMDC is leveraged to engineer unusual band structures,band alignments,and charge redistribution/injection in the bilayer.The simulated design of several aMXene/mTMDC bilayers for possible use in spintronics,microelectronics/optoelectronics,and catalysis/photocatalysis are shown.展开更多
本文利用文献计量学方法和VOSviewer以及CiteSpace等知识图谱工具,以Web of Science(WOS)和CNKI为数据源,从发文年代分布、地理分布、发文期刊分布、高产机构、高产作者和研究主题等角度,综合分析了1946—2020年全球及1973—2020年中国...本文利用文献计量学方法和VOSviewer以及CiteSpace等知识图谱工具,以Web of Science(WOS)和CNKI为数据源,从发文年代分布、地理分布、发文期刊分布、高产机构、高产作者和研究主题等角度,综合分析了1946—2020年全球及1973—2020年中国再生纤维制浆造纸技术领域的整体发展脉络、研究热点及发展态势,以期为未来科学研究提供参考。结果表明,近年来再生纤维制浆造纸技术正在进入新一轮发展期,相关研究主要集中在美国、德国、中国、加拿大等国;研究热点从废纸脱墨、胶黏物去除等逐渐过渡到再生纤维利用等层面。此外,由于环境保护以及进一步提高废纸利用水平的需要,细小纤维回用和废水处理技术也成为新的研究热点。展开更多
基金supported by grants from the Liaoning Pro-vincial Natural Science Foundation Project(No.2019-ZD-0788)the 345 Talent Project of Shengjing Hospital(No.2021-01).
文摘Alanine aminotransferase(ALT)is a common clinical indicator of liver inflammation.The current Chinese guidelines for the management of chronic hepatitis B(CHB)recommend antiviral treatment for patients with detectable hepatitis B virus(HBV)DNA and persistent ALT levels(ALTs)exceeding the upper limit of normal.However,it has been recently reported that patients with chronic HBV infection,especially HBeAg-negative patients with persistently normal ALTs,may have liver biopsy findings of significant inflammation and fibrosis.For HBeAg-negative patients with chronic HBV infection and normal ALTs,many controversial questions have been asked.To treat or not?When to initiate the treatment?Which drug is appropriate?In this review,we summarize the available data on the management of HBeAg-negative patients with chronic HBV infection and normal ALTs with the aim of improving the current clinical management.
基金This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China （91019021 and 81430069 to J.C.）, the National Basic Research Program of China （973 Program） （2013CB910902 to J.C.）, Shanghai Committee of Science and Technology （15ZR1424500 to T.W. and 15140904300）, Shanghai Municipal Education Commission （ZZjdyx15003 to T.W. and 2017-01-07-00-01-E00050 to J.C.）, and Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine （14XJ10001 to T.W.）.
文摘One major function of adipocytes is to store excess energy in the form of triglycerides. Insufficient adipose lipid storage is asso- ciated with many pathological conditions including hyperlipidemia, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes. In this study, we observed the overexpression of SUMO-specific protease 2 （Senp2） in adipose tissues during obesity. Adipocyte 5enp2 deficiency resulted in less adipose lipid storage accompanied by an ectopic fat accumulation and insulin resistance under high-fat diet feeding. We further found that SET domain bifurcated 1 （Setdbl） was a SUMOylated protein and that SUMOylation promoted Setdbl occupancy on the promoter locus of Pparg and Cebpa genes to suppress their expressions by H3Kgme3. Senp2 could suppress Setdbl function by de-SUMOylation. In adipocyte 5enp2-deficiency mice, accumulation of the SUMOylated Setdbl suppressed the expression of Pparg and Cebpo genes as welt as lipid metabolism-related target genes, which would decrease the ability of lipid storage in adipocytes. These results revealed the crucial role of Senp2-Setdbl axis in controlling adipose lipid storage.
基金This work was supported by National Key R&D Program of China(No.2017YFB0406403)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51872306)+2 种基金Open Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices(KFJJ201607)Special Program for Applied Research on Super Computation of the NSFC-Guangdong Joint Fund(the second phase,No.U1501501)the program for Ningbo municipal science and technology innovative research team(2015B11002)。
文摘A versatile two-dimensional(2D)molecular bilayer heterostructure of asymmetric MXene/monolayer transition metal dichalcogenide(aMXene/mTMDC)with a high interfacial built-in electric field is here simulated,where aMXene is an aMXene with the top or bottom electronegative atom plane of MXene removed.The asymmetric structural design of aMXene leads to a high dipole moment perpendicular to the 2D molecular plane.Although the unpassivated metal atoms in the aMXene are unstable and electropositive,coupling them to the electronegative chalcogenide atoms in an aMXene/mTMDC bilayer resolves this deficiency.The dipole field tunable by the specific composition of aMXene/mTMDC is leveraged to engineer unusual band structures,band alignments,and charge redistribution/injection in the bilayer.The simulated design of several aMXene/mTMDC bilayers for possible use in spintronics,microelectronics/optoelectronics,and catalysis/photocatalysis are shown.
文摘本文利用文献计量学方法和VOSviewer以及CiteSpace等知识图谱工具,以Web of Science(WOS)和CNKI为数据源,从发文年代分布、地理分布、发文期刊分布、高产机构、高产作者和研究主题等角度,综合分析了1946—2020年全球及1973—2020年中国再生纤维制浆造纸技术领域的整体发展脉络、研究热点及发展态势,以期为未来科学研究提供参考。结果表明,近年来再生纤维制浆造纸技术正在进入新一轮发展期,相关研究主要集中在美国、德国、中国、加拿大等国;研究热点从废纸脱墨、胶黏物去除等逐渐过渡到再生纤维利用等层面。此外,由于环境保护以及进一步提高废纸利用水平的需要,细小纤维回用和废水处理技术也成为新的研究热点。
