Gliomas are the most common and malignant intracranial tumors in adults.Recent studies have revealed the significance of functional genomics for glioma pathophysiological studies and treatments.However,access to compr...Gliomas are the most common and malignant intracranial tumors in adults.Recent studies have revealed the significance of functional genomics for glioma pathophysiological studies and treatments.However,access to comprehensive genomic data and analytical platforms is often limited.Here,we developed the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas(CGGA),a user-friendly data portal for the storage and interactive exploration of cross-omics data,including nearly 2000 primary and recurrent glioma samples from Chinese cohort.Currently,open access is provided to whole-exome sequencing data(286 samples),mRNA sequencing(1018 samples)and microarray data(301 samples),DNA methylation microarray data(159 samples),and microRNA microarray data(198 samples),and to detailed clinical information(age,gender,chemoradiotherapy status,WHO grade,histological type,critical molecular pathological information,and survival data).In addition,we have developed several tools for users to analyze the mutation profiles,mRNA/microRNA expression,and DNA methylation profiles,and to perform survival and gene correlation analyses of specific glioma subtypes.This database removes the barriers for researchers,providing rapid and convenient access to high-quality functional genomic data resources for biological studies and clinical applications.CGGA is available at http://www.cgga.org.cn.展开更多
Glioma is the most common lethal tumor of the human brain.The median survival of patients with primary World Health Organization grade IV glioma is only 14.6 months.The World Health Organization classification of tumo...Glioma is the most common lethal tumor of the human brain.The median survival of patients with primary World Health Organization grade IV glioma is only 14.6 months.The World Health Organization classification of tumors of the central nervous system categorized gliomas into lower-grade gliomas and glioblastomas.Unlike primary glioblastoma that usually develop de novo in the elderly,secondary glioblastoma enriched with an isocitrate dehydrogenase mutant typically progresses from lower-grade glioma within 5-10 years from the time of diagnosis.Based on various evolutional trajectories brought on by clonal and subclonal alterations,the evolution patterns of glioma vary according to different theories.Some important features distinguish the normal brain from other tissues,e.g.,the composition of the microenvironment around the tumor cells,the presence of the blood-brain barrier,and others.The underlying mechanism of glioma recurrence and evolution patterns of glioma are different from those of other types of cancer.Several studies correlated tumor recurrence with tumor heterogeneity and the immune microenvironment.However,the detailed reasons for the progression and recurrence of glioma remain controversial.In this review,we introduce the different mechanisms involved in glioma progression,including tumor heterogeneity,the tumor microenvironment and drug resistance,and their pre-clinical implements in clinical trials.This review aimed to provide new insights into further clinical strategies for the treatment of patients with recurrent and secondary glioma.展开更多
In this paper we classify regular p-groups with type invariants (e, 1, 1, 1) for e ≥ 2 and (1, 1, 1, 1, 1). As a by-product, we give a new approach to the classification of groups of order p5, p ≥ 5 a prime.
We report the discovery of superconductivity and detailed normal-state physical properties of RbV_(3)Sb_(5) single crystals with V kagome lattice.RbV_(3)Sb_(5) single crystals show a superconducting transition at Tc~0...We report the discovery of superconductivity and detailed normal-state physical properties of RbV_(3)Sb_(5) single crystals with V kagome lattice.RbV_(3)Sb_(5) single crystals show a superconducting transition at Tc~0.92 K.Meanwhile,resistivity,magnetization and heat capacity measurements indicate that it exhibits anomalies of properties at T*~102-103 K,possibly related to the formation of charge ordering state.When T is lower than T*,the Hall coefficient RH undergoes a drastic change and sign reversal from negative to positive,which can be partially explained by the enhanced mobility of hole-type carriers.In addition,the results of quantum oscillations show that there are some very small Fermi surfaces with low effective mass,consistent with the existence of multiple highly dispersive Dirac band near the Fermi energy level.展开更多
Here, we report an observation that illustrate the potential of polyelectrolyte microgels in salt-free solutions to display a high ionic conductivity. Laser light scattering and ionic conductivity tests on very dilute...Here, we report an observation that illustrate the potential of polyelectrolyte microgels in salt-free solutions to display a high ionic conductivity. Laser light scattering and ionic conductivity tests on very dilute aqueous dispersions of the microgels indicate that both small size and swollen state of gel particles play vital roles, which should favor the counterions to freely penetrate and leave gel particles, and thus can contribute to the ion-conducting property. Upon discovering this on microgels that are composed of imidazolium-based poly(ionic liquid), we also illustrate the generality of the finding to single lithium-ion polyelectrolyte microgels that are of more technically relevant features for applications, for instance, as injectable liquid “microgel-in-solution” electrolytes of high conductivity(ca. 8.2 × 10^(-2)S/m at 25.0 ℃ for1.0 × 10^(-2)g/m L of microgels in a LiNO_(3)-free 1:1 v/v mixture of 1,2-dioxolane and dimethoxymethane) and high lithium-ion transference number(0.87) for use in the rechargeable lithium-sulfur battery.展开更多
Enhanced piezoelectric response was usually achieved in(Bi_(0.5) Na_(0.5))TiO_(3)(BNT)-based ceramics with sacrifice of depolarization temperature T_(d),seriously limiting their usage range in electromechanical applic...Enhanced piezoelectric response was usually achieved in(Bi_(0.5) Na_(0.5))TiO_(3)(BNT)-based ceramics with sacrifice of depolarization temperature T_(d),seriously limiting their usage range in electromechanical applications.In this work,we propose to explore piezoelectric anisotropy and domain engineering in compositionµstructure-controlled textured ceramics to resolve this issue.[001]c-textured 0.94(Bi_(0.5) Na_(0.5))TiO_(3)–0.06BaTiO_(3)(0.94BNT-0.06BT)ceramics with Lotgering factor F_(001)-91% were fabricated through homoepitaxial templated grain growth(TGG)via using 0.94BNT-0.06BT microplatelet templates.The textured samples exhibited more ordered domains with facilitated domain switching behavior,being consistent with saturated high polarization achieved at lower electric fields.Increasing F_(001) to above 60%enables rapid enhancement of piezoelectric response.Notably,compared to non-textured counterpart,the maximally textured ceramics exhibited-236%enhanced piezoelectric coefficient(d_(33)-302 pC/N)and-280% enhanced piezoelectric voltage coefficient(g_(33)-49.8×10^(−3)Vm/N),together with slightly increased depolarization temperature(T_(d)-106℃).Moreover,those values are approaching or even higher than the single-crystal values.This work not only provides important guidelines for design and synthesis of novel textured ceramics with improved comprehensive electrical properties,but also can expand application fields of BNT-based ceramics.展开更多
The novel brominated flame retardant,1,2-bis-(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy)ethane(BTBPE),is an emerging environ-mental pollutant with undetermined toxicity.We investigated how BTBPE causes thyroid endocrine disruption with i...The novel brominated flame retardant,1,2-bis-(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy)ethane(BTBPE),is an emerging environ-mental pollutant with undetermined toxicity.We investigated how BTBPE causes thyroid endocrine disruption with integrated in silico,in vitro,and in vivo assays.In yeast two-hybrid and T-Screen assays,BTBPE interacted with zebrafish thyroid hormone receptors with binding energies weaker than the TR agonist-3,3′,5-Triiodo-L-thyronine(T3),and disrupted thyroid function as a thyroid receptor(TR)agonist.We examined the bioconcentra-tion,developmental toxicity,and thyroid endocrine disruption in zebrafish after a 14-day exposure to BTBPE(1,3,10μg/L).Thyroxine(T4)was lower in BTBPE-treated larvae,whereas corticotropin-releasing hormone(CRH)and thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH)were higher.The gene transcription alterations along the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid(HPT)axis were observed.Furthermore,reduced locomotion suggested that BTBPE imparts developmental neurotoxicity at zebrafish early developmental stage.Establishing that BTBPE has thyroid endocrine-disrupting effects is an important step for understanding and managing BTBPE toxicity.展开更多
Emerging evidence suggests a link between alterations in the gut microbiome and adverse health outcomes in the hosts exposed to environmental pollutants.Yet,the causal relationships and underlying mechanisms remain la...Emerging evidence suggests a link between alterations in the gut microbiome and adverse health outcomes in the hosts exposed to environmental pollutants.Yet,the causal relationships and underlying mechanisms remain largely undefined.Here we show that exposure to biotoxins can affect gut pathobiome assembly in amphibians,which in turn triggers the toxicity of exogenous pollutants.We used Xenopus laevis as a model in this study.Tadpoles exposed to tropolone demonstrated notable developmental impairments and increased locomotor activity,with a reduction in total length by 4.37%e22.48%and an increase in swimming speed by 49.96%e84.83%.Fusobacterium and Cetobacterium are predominant taxa in the gut pathobiome of tropolone-exposed tadpoles.The tropolone-induced developmental and behavioral disorders in the host were mediated by assembly of the gut pathobiome,leading to transcriptome reprogramming.This study not only advances our understanding of the intricate interactions between environmental pollutants,the gut pathobiome,and host health but also emphasizes the potential of the gut pathobiome in mediating the toxicological effects of environmental contaminants.展开更多
Achieving efficient degradation of organic pollutants via activation of sulfite is meaningful but challenging.Herein,we have constructed a heterogeneous catalyst system involving Co_(3)O_(4) and TiO_(2) nanoparticles ...Achieving efficient degradation of organic pollutants via activation of sulfite is meaningful but challenging.Herein,we have constructed a heterogeneous catalyst system involving Co_(3)O_(4) and TiO_(2) nanoparticles to form the p-n heterojunction(Co_(3)O_(4)/TiO_(2)) to degrade acetaminophen(ACE) through photocatalytic activation of sulfite.Specifically,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis and theoretical calculations provide compelling evidence of electron transfer from Co_(3)O_(4) to TiO_(2) at the heterointerface.The interfacial electron redistribution of Co_(3)O_(4)/TiO_(2) tunes the adsorption energy of HSO_(3)^(-)/SO_(3)^(2-) in sulfite activation process for enhanced the catalytic activity.Owing to its unique heterointerface,the degradation efficiency of ACE reached 96.78%within 10 min.The predominant active radicals were identified as ·OH,h^(+),and SO_(x)^(·-) through radical quenching experiments and electron spin resonance capture.Besides,the possible degradation pathway was deduced by monitoring the generated intermediate products.Thereafter,the enhanced roles of well-engineered compositing interface in photocatalytic activation of sulfite for complete degradation of ACE were unveiled that it can improve light absorption ability,facilitate the generation of active species,and optimize reactive pathways.Considering that sulfite is a waste from flue gas desulfurization process,the photocatalytic activation of sulfite system will open up new avenues of beneficial use of air pollutants for the removal of pharmaceutical wastewater.展开更多
Grape berry shape is an important agricultural trait.Clarifying its genetic basis is significant for cultivating grape varieties that meet market demands.However,the current study by forward genetics has not achieved ...Grape berry shape is an important agricultural trait.Clarifying its genetic basis is significant for cultivating grape varieties that meet market demands.However,the current study by forward genetics has not achieved in-depth results.Here,a high-density map was constructed to identify quantitative trait loci(QTLs)for berry shape.A total of 358709 polymorphic SNPs were obtained using whole-genome resequencing(WGS)based on 208 F2 individuals derived from round grape‘E42-6’and oblong grape‘Rizamat’.The 1635.65 cM high-density map was divided into 19 linkage groups with an average distance of 0.37 cM.Using this map,three significant QTLs for fruit shape index(ShI:ratio of berry length to berry width)identified over three years were mapped onto LG4 and LG5,including one stable QTL on Chr5 with the genomic region of 0.47–1.94 Mb.Combining with gene annotation and expression patterns based on RNA-seq data from two contrasting F2 individuals with round and oblong berry(their average ShI was 1.89 and 1.10,respectively)at four developmental stages,four candidate genes were selected from the above QTLs.They were mainly involved in DNA replication,cell wall modification,and phytohormone biosynthesis.Further analysis of RNA-seq data revealed that several important phytohormone synthesis and metabolic pathways were enriched based on differentially expressed genes(DEGs),which was consistent with the results of QTL mapping for genes related to plant hormone biosynthesis in the F2 population.Furthermore,a comparison of plant hormone content showed that there were significant differences in IAA and tZ content between the two contrasting F2 individuals at different developmental stages.Our findings provide molecular insights into the genetic variation in grape berry shape.Stable QTLs and their tightly linked markers offer the possibility of marker-assisted selection to accelerate berry shape breeding.展开更多
Bacteria equipped with virulence systems based on highly bioactive small molecules can circumvent their host's defense mechanisms.Pathogens employing this strategy are currently threatening global rice production....Bacteria equipped with virulence systems based on highly bioactive small molecules can circumvent their host's defense mechanisms.Pathogens employing this strategy are currently threatening global rice production.In the present study,variations in the virulence of the highly destructive Barkholderiaplantarii were observed in different rice-producing regions.The environment-linked variation was not attributable to any known host-related or external factors.Co-occurrence analyses indicated a connection between reduced virulence and 5-Amino-l,3,4-thiadiazole-2-thiol(ATT),a non-bactericidal organic compound.ATT,which accumulates in rice plants during metabolization of specific agrochemicals,was found to reduce virulence factor secretion by B.plantarii up to 88.8%and inhibit pathogen virulence by hijacking an upstream signaling cascade.Detailed assessment of the newly discovered virulence inhibitor resulted in mechanistic insights into positive effects of ATT accumulation in plant tissues.Mechanisms of virulence alleviation were deciphered by integrating high-throughput data,gene knockout mutants,and molecular interaction assays.TroK,a histidine protein kinase in a two-component system that regulates virulence factor secretion,is likely the molecular target antagonized by ATT.Our findings provide novel insights into virulence modulation in an important plant-pathogen system that relies on the host's metabolic activity and subsequent signaling interference.展开更多
Lead-free ceramics with both high piezoelectric response and good temperature stability are urgently demanded for electromechanical conversion devices.Unfortunately,owing to coexistence of poly-morphic phases near roo...Lead-free ceramics with both high piezoelectric response and good temperature stability are urgently demanded for electromechanical conversion devices.Unfortunately,owing to coexistence of poly-morphic phases near room temperature(RT),enhanced piezoelectric properties were usually achieved with occurrence of strong temperature dependence in modified BaTiO_(3)(BT)-based ceramics.In this work,we demonstrate that tailoring grain orientations of tetragonal BT-based ceramics can effectively produce substantially enhanced and thermally stabilized piezoelectric response.Both<001>c-and<111>c-oriented tetragonal(Ba_(0.85)Ca_(0.15))(Zr_(0.05)Ti_(0.95))O_(3)(BCZT)ceramics with texture degrees F>90%were synthesized via templated grain growth.Interestingly,the ceramics textured along the<001>c polar axis show much higher microscopic and macroscopic piezoelectric properties than those with nonpolar<111>c texture,indicating an“extender”ferroelectricity nature.Compared with randomly oriented samples,the<001>c-oriented ceramics exhibit simultaneously~1.6 times higher piezoelectric strain d_(33)^(*)(~760 pm/V),4.4 times higher piezoelectric figure of merit d_(33)×g_(33)(8.8×10^(-12) m^(2)/N),and better temperature stability(strain variation≤5%between RT and 110℃).Such thermally stabilized strain response can be mainly attributed to wide temperature range of tetragonal phase and stable domain structure.This work provides a promising route for further developing lead-free piezoceramics with high and temperature-insensitive performance,which can greatly broaden their application areas.展开更多
We report ^(121/123)Sb nuclear quadrupole resonance(NQR)and ^(51)V nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)measurements on kagome metal CsV_(3)Sb_(5) with T_(c)=2.5 K.Both ^(51)V NMR spectra and ^(121/123)Sb NQR spectra split ...We report ^(121/123)Sb nuclear quadrupole resonance(NQR)and ^(51)V nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)measurements on kagome metal CsV_(3)Sb_(5) with T_(c)=2.5 K.Both ^(51)V NMR spectra and ^(121/123)Sb NQR spectra split after a charge density wave(CDW)transition,which demonstrates a commensurate CDW state.The coexistence of the high temperature phase and the CDW phase between 91 K and 94 K manifests that it is a first-order phase transition.At low temperature,electric-field-gradient fluctuations diminish and magnetic fluctuations become dominant.Superconductivity emerges in the charge order state.Knight shift decreases and 1/T_(1)T shows a Hebel–Slichter coherence peak just below T_(c),indicating that CsV_(3)Sb_(5) is an s-wave superconductor.展开更多
For an odd prime p,we give a criterion for finite p-groups whose nonnormal subgroups are metacyclic,and based on the criterion,the p-groups whose nonnormal subgroups are metacyclic are classified up to isomorphism.Thi...For an odd prime p,we give a criterion for finite p-groups whose nonnormal subgroups are metacyclic,and based on the criterion,the p-groups whose nonnormal subgroups are metacyclic are classified up to isomorphism.This solves a problem proposed by Berkovich.展开更多
Piezoceramics with high and fatigue-resisted piezoelectric properties are strongly desired for actuator ap-plications.In this work,textured Pb(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))O_(3)-Pb(Zr,Ti)O_(3)ceramics with Lotgering factor F_(001...Piezoceramics with high and fatigue-resisted piezoelectric properties are strongly desired for actuator ap-plications.In this work,textured Pb(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))O_(3)-Pb(Zr,Ti)O_(3)ceramics with Lotgering factor F_(001)∼98%were fabricated by templated grain growth technique.Strong[001]c-grain orientation(f∼90%and r∼0.22)of the textured ceramics effectively produced about 230%enhanced piezoelectric coefficient d_(33)^(∗)(i.e.,S_(max)/E_(max))and substantially improved unipolar electrical fatigue resistance.Unipolar polarization P max and d_(33)^(∗)of the textured ceramics were nearly maintained up to 106 unipolar cycles,while 19%and 14%degradations were respectively observed from randomly oriented counterparts.Especially,normal-ized d_(33)^(∗)of the textured ceramics shows better unipolar fatigue resistance than those of piezoceramics reported previously.Much lower bipolar strain asymmetryγs(∼4%)was observed from the textured samples fatigued after 106 unipolar cycles as compared toγs∼23%for randomly oriented counterparts.While charged defect accumulation model described the serious fatigue deteriorations in randomly ori-ented ceramics,the current work revealed that substantially enhanced unipolar fatigue resistance of the textured ceramics is mainly associated with the inherent fatigue anisotropy,weakened local bias fields owing to both enhanced domain mobility and lower defect density near grain boundaries/interfaces,and increased intrinsic contribution due to more tetragonal content.These superior characteristics suggest the great potential of textured ceramics for high-performance and robust actuator applications.展开更多
To establish a cytologic expressing system of rat glutathione S-transferase pi (GST-pi) cDNA for detecting the resistance of HeLa cells to anticancer drugs. Methods The assessment was made with various anticancer dr...To establish a cytologic expressing system of rat glutathione S-transferase pi (GST-pi) cDNA for detecting the resistance of HeLa cells to anticancer drugs. Methods The assessment was made with various anticancer drugs (adriamycin, mitomycin, cisplatinum and vincristine) that showed different cytotoxicities in transfectant HeLa cells with pSV-GT containing rat GST-pi cDNA (HeLa/pSV-GT) or control pSV-neo (HeLa/pSV-neo). Expression levels of GST-pi mRNA in HeLa/pSV-GT and HeLa/pSV-neo were measured by in situ hybridization using Digoxin-labelled cDNA probe. Results HeLa/pSV-GT expressed significantly high degree of GST-pi mRNA, whereas both HeLa/pSV-neo and HeLa cells had very low expression. Cytotoxicities of HeLa/pSV-GT and HeLa/pSV-neo with 4 anticancer drugs were measured by MTT assay. Drug concentrations for yielding 50% inhibition (IC50) in HeLa/pSV-GT by adriamycin, mitomycin and cisplatinum were 70.13 靏/mL, 10.95 靏/mL and 16.52 靏/mL, respectively. In contrast, IC50 in HeLa/pSV-neo was 10.34 靏/mL, 7.48 靏/mL and 13.70 靏/mL, respectively. The cytotoxicities of vincristine on both HeLa/pSV-GT and HeLa/pSV-neo were not significantly different. Conclusions Our findings suggest that HeLa/pSV-GT containing rat GST-pi cDNA is resistant to some anticancer drugs due to overexpression of GST-pi. Also, HeLa/pSV-GT cell line could serve as a useful cytogenetic model for further research.展开更多
Oxidation of sulfite is an important process in wet flue gas desulfurization.Using highly purified water or distilled water as a reaction medium and a transparent or an opaque intermittent reaction apparatus,the intri...Oxidation of sulfite is an important process in wet flue gas desulfurization.Using highly purified water or distilled water as a reaction medium and a transparent or an opaque intermittent reaction apparatus,the intrinsic oxidation kinetics of sulfite catalyzed by peracetic acid was investigated under four dif-ferent conditions.The reaction order of the reagents and the activation energy were obtained.The re-sults indicate that water quality and light have no obvious effects on the reaction order and activation energy,but have an influence on the reaction rate constant.The mechanism of the intrinsic reaction is proposed.The results derived with this mechanism are in good agreement with the experimental re-sults.展开更多
Aging and obesity contribute to muscle dysfunction. This study aimed to determine the cross-sectional associations between components of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and sarcopenia in 251 older community- dwelling Chines...Aging and obesity contribute to muscle dysfunction. This study aimed to determine the cross-sectional associations between components of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and sarcopenia in 251 older community- dwelling Chinese. The total fat-free mass was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, muscle strength (handgrip strength) by a handheld dynamometer, physical performance by 4-meter walk, 5-time chair stand test, and the short physical performance battery (SPPB). MetS was defined using the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria. The participants with MetS had a higher appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) and relative ASM (RASM). The males with MetS had higher handgrip strength, and the females with MetS had higher SPPB scores. After adjusting for age and body mass index, the participants with an increased waist circumference had a higher ASM, and those with increased diastolic blood pressure (DBP) also had higher handgrip strength. The males with elevated fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels had a lower gait speed. Components of MetS, such as DPB and FBG, were associated with muscle strength and physical performance in older adults. These results suggest that muscle strength and function should be considered in treating older adults with MetS.展开更多
The stock market is an important economic information center.The economic benefits generated by stock price prediction have attracted much attention.Although the stock market cannot be predicted accurately,the stock m...The stock market is an important economic information center.The economic benefits generated by stock price prediction have attracted much attention.Although the stock market cannot be predicted accurately,the stock market’s prediction of the trend of stock prices helps in grasping the operation law of the stock market and the influence mechanism on the economy.The autoregressive integrated moving average(ARIMA)model is one of the most widely accepted and used time series forecasting models.Therefore,this paper first compares the return on investment(ROI)of Apple and Tesla,revealing that the ROI of Tesla is much greater than that of Apple,and subsequently focuses on ARIMA model’s prediction on the available time series data,thus concluding that the ARIMA model is better than the Naïve method in predicting the change in Tesla’s stock price trend.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.81702460 and 81802994)
文摘Gliomas are the most common and malignant intracranial tumors in adults.Recent studies have revealed the significance of functional genomics for glioma pathophysiological studies and treatments.However,access to comprehensive genomic data and analytical platforms is often limited.Here,we developed the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas(CGGA),a user-friendly data portal for the storage and interactive exploration of cross-omics data,including nearly 2000 primary and recurrent glioma samples from Chinese cohort.Currently,open access is provided to whole-exome sequencing data(286 samples),mRNA sequencing(1018 samples)and microarray data(301 samples),DNA methylation microarray data(159 samples),and microRNA microarray data(198 samples),and to detailed clinical information(age,gender,chemoradiotherapy status,WHO grade,histological type,critical molecular pathological information,and survival data).In addition,we have developed several tools for users to analyze the mutation profiles,mRNA/microRNA expression,and DNA methylation profiles,and to perform survival and gene correlation analyses of specific glioma subtypes.This database removes the barriers for researchers,providing rapid and convenient access to high-quality functional genomic data resources for biological studies and clinical applications.CGGA is available at http://www.cgga.org.cn.
基金This study was funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81972337 and 81773208)Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No.JQ20030)+9 种基金Beijing Talents Foundation from Organization Department of Municipal Committee of the CPC(No.2017000021223ZK32)Beijing Nova Program(No.Z171100001117022)the National Key Research and Development Plan(No.2016YFC0902500)Beijing Science and Technology Plan (No.Z141100000214009)Capital Medical Development Research Fund(No.2016-1-1072)Beijing Municipal Administration of Hospitals Clinical Medicine Development of Special Funding Support(No.ZYLX201708)National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)/Research Grants Council(RGC)Joint Research Scheme(No.81761168038 to Tao Jiang and No.N_HKUST606/17 to Jiguang Wang)Beijing Municipal Administration of Hospitals’Mission Plan(No.SML20180501)and Beijing Tiantan Hospital Young Scientist Program(No.YSP201701).Jiguang Wang was also supported by Collaborative Research Fund,Hong Kong(No.C6002-17GF)Hong Kong Epigenomics Project(No.LKCCFL18SC01-E)。
文摘Glioma is the most common lethal tumor of the human brain.The median survival of patients with primary World Health Organization grade IV glioma is only 14.6 months.The World Health Organization classification of tumors of the central nervous system categorized gliomas into lower-grade gliomas and glioblastomas.Unlike primary glioblastoma that usually develop de novo in the elderly,secondary glioblastoma enriched with an isocitrate dehydrogenase mutant typically progresses from lower-grade glioma within 5-10 years from the time of diagnosis.Based on various evolutional trajectories brought on by clonal and subclonal alterations,the evolution patterns of glioma vary according to different theories.Some important features distinguish the normal brain from other tissues,e.g.,the composition of the microenvironment around the tumor cells,the presence of the blood-brain barrier,and others.The underlying mechanism of glioma recurrence and evolution patterns of glioma are different from those of other types of cancer.Several studies correlated tumor recurrence with tumor heterogeneity and the immune microenvironment.However,the detailed reasons for the progression and recurrence of glioma remain controversial.In this review,we introduce the different mechanisms involved in glioma progression,including tumor heterogeneity,the tumor microenvironment and drug resistance,and their pre-clinical implements in clinical trials.This review aimed to provide new insights into further clinical strategies for the treatment of patients with recurrent and secondary glioma.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Founda tion of China(Grant Nos.10371003&10471085)Natural Science Foundation of Beijing 1052005)+2 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province(Grant No.20051007)Key Project of Ministry of Education(Grant No.02023)The Returned Abroad-Student Found of Shanxi Province(Grant No.[2004]7).
文摘In this paper we classify regular p-groups with type invariants (e, 1, 1, 1) for e ≥ 2 and (1, 1, 1, 1, 1). As a by-product, we give a new approach to the classification of groups of order p5, p ≥ 5 a prime.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11822412 and 11774423)the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant Nos.2018YFE0202600 and 2016YFA0300504)+3 种基金the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.Z200005)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universitiesthe Research Funds of Renmin University of China(RUC)(Grant Nos.18XNLG14 and 19XNLG17)the Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics。
文摘We report the discovery of superconductivity and detailed normal-state physical properties of RbV_(3)Sb_(5) single crystals with V kagome lattice.RbV_(3)Sb_(5) single crystals show a superconducting transition at Tc~0.92 K.Meanwhile,resistivity,magnetization and heat capacity measurements indicate that it exhibits anomalies of properties at T*~102-103 K,possibly related to the formation of charge ordering state.When T is lower than T*,the Hall coefficient RH undergoes a drastic change and sign reversal from negative to positive,which can be partially explained by the enhanced mobility of hole-type carriers.In addition,the results of quantum oscillations show that there are some very small Fermi surfaces with low effective mass,consistent with the existence of multiple highly dispersive Dirac band near the Fermi energy level.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.21774105 and 20923004)Chuying Plan Youth Topnotch Talents of Fujian Province,National Fund for Fostering Talents of Basic Science (No.J1310024)。
文摘Here, we report an observation that illustrate the potential of polyelectrolyte microgels in salt-free solutions to display a high ionic conductivity. Laser light scattering and ionic conductivity tests on very dilute aqueous dispersions of the microgels indicate that both small size and swollen state of gel particles play vital roles, which should favor the counterions to freely penetrate and leave gel particles, and thus can contribute to the ion-conducting property. Upon discovering this on microgels that are composed of imidazolium-based poly(ionic liquid), we also illustrate the generality of the finding to single lithium-ion polyelectrolyte microgels that are of more technically relevant features for applications, for instance, as injectable liquid “microgel-in-solution” electrolytes of high conductivity(ca. 8.2 × 10^(-2)S/m at 25.0 ℃ for1.0 × 10^(-2)g/m L of microgels in a LiNO_(3)-free 1:1 v/v mixture of 1,2-dioxolane and dimethoxymethane) and high lithium-ion transference number(0.87) for use in the rechargeable lithium-sulfur battery.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52072092 and 51922083)the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province(No.YQ2019E026)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.HIT.OCEF.2021018).
文摘Enhanced piezoelectric response was usually achieved in(Bi_(0.5) Na_(0.5))TiO_(3)(BNT)-based ceramics with sacrifice of depolarization temperature T_(d),seriously limiting their usage range in electromechanical applications.In this work,we propose to explore piezoelectric anisotropy and domain engineering in compositionµstructure-controlled textured ceramics to resolve this issue.[001]c-textured 0.94(Bi_(0.5) Na_(0.5))TiO_(3)–0.06BaTiO_(3)(0.94BNT-0.06BT)ceramics with Lotgering factor F_(001)-91% were fabricated through homoepitaxial templated grain growth(TGG)via using 0.94BNT-0.06BT microplatelet templates.The textured samples exhibited more ordered domains with facilitated domain switching behavior,being consistent with saturated high polarization achieved at lower electric fields.Increasing F_(001) to above 60%enables rapid enhancement of piezoelectric response.Notably,compared to non-textured counterpart,the maximally textured ceramics exhibited-236%enhanced piezoelectric coefficient(d_(33)-302 pC/N)and-280% enhanced piezoelectric voltage coefficient(g_(33)-49.8×10^(−3)Vm/N),together with slightly increased depolarization temperature(T_(d)-106℃).Moreover,those values are approaching or even higher than the single-crystal values.This work not only provides important guidelines for design and synthesis of novel textured ceramics with improved comprehensive electrical properties,but also can expand application fields of BNT-based ceramics.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.42277278,22276213).
文摘The novel brominated flame retardant,1,2-bis-(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy)ethane(BTBPE),is an emerging environ-mental pollutant with undetermined toxicity.We investigated how BTBPE causes thyroid endocrine disruption with integrated in silico,in vitro,and in vivo assays.In yeast two-hybrid and T-Screen assays,BTBPE interacted with zebrafish thyroid hormone receptors with binding energies weaker than the TR agonist-3,3′,5-Triiodo-L-thyronine(T3),and disrupted thyroid function as a thyroid receptor(TR)agonist.We examined the bioconcentra-tion,developmental toxicity,and thyroid endocrine disruption in zebrafish after a 14-day exposure to BTBPE(1,3,10μg/L).Thyroxine(T4)was lower in BTBPE-treated larvae,whereas corticotropin-releasing hormone(CRH)and thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH)were higher.The gene transcription alterations along the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid(HPT)axis were observed.Furthermore,reduced locomotion suggested that BTBPE imparts developmental neurotoxicity at zebrafish early developmental stage.Establishing that BTBPE has thyroid endocrine-disrupting effects is an important step for understanding and managing BTBPE toxicity.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32122074)the National Key R&D Program of China(2023YFD1400901)the Zhejiang University Global Partnership Fund,and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2021FZZX001-31 and 226-2023-00070).
文摘Emerging evidence suggests a link between alterations in the gut microbiome and adverse health outcomes in the hosts exposed to environmental pollutants.Yet,the causal relationships and underlying mechanisms remain largely undefined.Here we show that exposure to biotoxins can affect gut pathobiome assembly in amphibians,which in turn triggers the toxicity of exogenous pollutants.We used Xenopus laevis as a model in this study.Tadpoles exposed to tropolone demonstrated notable developmental impairments and increased locomotor activity,with a reduction in total length by 4.37%e22.48%and an increase in swimming speed by 49.96%e84.83%.Fusobacterium and Cetobacterium are predominant taxa in the gut pathobiome of tropolone-exposed tadpoles.The tropolone-induced developmental and behavioral disorders in the host were mediated by assembly of the gut pathobiome,leading to transcriptome reprogramming.This study not only advances our understanding of the intricate interactions between environmental pollutants,the gut pathobiome,and host health but also emphasizes the potential of the gut pathobiome in mediating the toxicological effects of environmental contaminants.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51878273)the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(No.E2019502199)。
文摘Achieving efficient degradation of organic pollutants via activation of sulfite is meaningful but challenging.Herein,we have constructed a heterogeneous catalyst system involving Co_(3)O_(4) and TiO_(2) nanoparticles to form the p-n heterojunction(Co_(3)O_(4)/TiO_(2)) to degrade acetaminophen(ACE) through photocatalytic activation of sulfite.Specifically,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis and theoretical calculations provide compelling evidence of electron transfer from Co_(3)O_(4) to TiO_(2) at the heterointerface.The interfacial electron redistribution of Co_(3)O_(4)/TiO_(2) tunes the adsorption energy of HSO_(3)^(-)/SO_(3)^(2-) in sulfite activation process for enhanced the catalytic activity.Owing to its unique heterointerface,the degradation efficiency of ACE reached 96.78%within 10 min.The predominant active radicals were identified as ·OH,h^(+),and SO_(x)^(·-) through radical quenching experiments and electron spin resonance capture.Besides,the possible degradation pathway was deduced by monitoring the generated intermediate products.Thereafter,the enhanced roles of well-engineered compositing interface in photocatalytic activation of sulfite for complete degradation of ACE were unveiled that it can improve light absorption ability,facilitate the generation of active species,and optimize reactive pathways.Considering that sulfite is a waste from flue gas desulfurization process,the photocatalytic activation of sulfite system will open up new avenues of beneficial use of air pollutants for the removal of pharmaceutical wastewater.
基金financially supported by National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2019YFD1001401)Project of Construction of Grape Germplasm Resources Sharing Platform(Grant No.PT2029)+2 种基金Zhengzhou Major Scientific and Technological Innovation Projects(Grant No.2020CXZX0082)National Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System Construction Special Project(Grant No.CARS-29-yc-1)Special Project of Science,Technology Innovation Project of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(Grant No.CAAS-ASTIP-2019-ZFRI).
文摘Grape berry shape is an important agricultural trait.Clarifying its genetic basis is significant for cultivating grape varieties that meet market demands.However,the current study by forward genetics has not achieved in-depth results.Here,a high-density map was constructed to identify quantitative trait loci(QTLs)for berry shape.A total of 358709 polymorphic SNPs were obtained using whole-genome resequencing(WGS)based on 208 F2 individuals derived from round grape‘E42-6’and oblong grape‘Rizamat’.The 1635.65 cM high-density map was divided into 19 linkage groups with an average distance of 0.37 cM.Using this map,three significant QTLs for fruit shape index(ShI:ratio of berry length to berry width)identified over three years were mapped onto LG4 and LG5,including one stable QTL on Chr5 with the genomic region of 0.47–1.94 Mb.Combining with gene annotation and expression patterns based on RNA-seq data from two contrasting F2 individuals with round and oblong berry(their average ShI was 1.89 and 1.10,respectively)at four developmental stages,four candidate genes were selected from the above QTLs.They were mainly involved in DNA replication,cell wall modification,and phytohormone biosynthesis.Further analysis of RNA-seq data revealed that several important phytohormone synthesis and metabolic pathways were enriched based on differentially expressed genes(DEGs),which was consistent with the results of QTL mapping for genes related to plant hormone biosynthesis in the F2 population.Furthermore,a comparison of plant hormone content showed that there were significant differences in IAA and tZ content between the two contrasting F2 individuals at different developmental stages.Our findings provide molecular insights into the genetic variation in grape berry shape.Stable QTLs and their tightly linked markers offer the possibility of marker-assisted selection to accelerate berry shape breeding.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants No.32122074,31501684)National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grants No.2021YFE0113700,2017YFD0202100,2017YFE0102200)+4 种基金Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.LQ16C140001)Zhejiang Provincial Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2015C02019)Strategic Research on“Plant Microbiome and Agroecosystem Health”(Grant No.2020ZL008Cao Guangbiao High Science and Technology Foundation,Zhejiang University)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.2021FZZX001-31,Zhejiang University).
文摘Bacteria equipped with virulence systems based on highly bioactive small molecules can circumvent their host's defense mechanisms.Pathogens employing this strategy are currently threatening global rice production.In the present study,variations in the virulence of the highly destructive Barkholderiaplantarii were observed in different rice-producing regions.The environment-linked variation was not attributable to any known host-related or external factors.Co-occurrence analyses indicated a connection between reduced virulence and 5-Amino-l,3,4-thiadiazole-2-thiol(ATT),a non-bactericidal organic compound.ATT,which accumulates in rice plants during metabolization of specific agrochemicals,was found to reduce virulence factor secretion by B.plantarii up to 88.8%and inhibit pathogen virulence by hijacking an upstream signaling cascade.Detailed assessment of the newly discovered virulence inhibitor resulted in mechanistic insights into positive effects of ATT accumulation in plant tissues.Mechanisms of virulence alleviation were deciphered by integrating high-throughput data,gene knockout mutants,and molecular interaction assays.TroK,a histidine protein kinase in a two-component system that regulates virulence factor secretion,is likely the molecular target antagonized by ATT.Our findings provide novel insights into virulence modulation in an important plant-pathogen system that relies on the host's metabolic activity and subsequent signaling interference.
基金The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant nos.52072092 and 11572103)the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province(Grant no.YQ2019E026).
文摘Lead-free ceramics with both high piezoelectric response and good temperature stability are urgently demanded for electromechanical conversion devices.Unfortunately,owing to coexistence of poly-morphic phases near room temperature(RT),enhanced piezoelectric properties were usually achieved with occurrence of strong temperature dependence in modified BaTiO_(3)(BT)-based ceramics.In this work,we demonstrate that tailoring grain orientations of tetragonal BT-based ceramics can effectively produce substantially enhanced and thermally stabilized piezoelectric response.Both<001>c-and<111>c-oriented tetragonal(Ba_(0.85)Ca_(0.15))(Zr_(0.05)Ti_(0.95))O_(3)(BCZT)ceramics with texture degrees F>90%were synthesized via templated grain growth.Interestingly,the ceramics textured along the<001>c polar axis show much higher microscopic and macroscopic piezoelectric properties than those with nonpolar<111>c texture,indicating an“extender”ferroelectricity nature.Compared with randomly oriented samples,the<001>c-oriented ceramics exhibit simultaneously~1.6 times higher piezoelectric strain d_(33)^(*)(~760 pm/V),4.4 times higher piezoelectric figure of merit d_(33)×g_(33)(8.8×10^(-12) m^(2)/N),and better temperature stability(strain variation≤5%between RT and 110℃).Such thermally stabilized strain response can be mainly attributed to wide temperature range of tetragonal phase and stable domain structure.This work provides a promising route for further developing lead-free piezoceramics with high and temperature-insensitive performance,which can greatly broaden their application areas.
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant Nos.2017YFA0302901,2018YFE0202600,and 2016YFA0300504)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11921004,11634015,11822412,and 11774423)+1 种基金the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.Z200005)the Strategic Priority Research Program and Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDB33010100).
文摘We report ^(121/123)Sb nuclear quadrupole resonance(NQR)and ^(51)V nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)measurements on kagome metal CsV_(3)Sb_(5) with T_(c)=2.5 K.Both ^(51)V NMR spectra and ^(121/123)Sb NQR spectra split after a charge density wave(CDW)transition,which demonstrates a commensurate CDW state.The coexistence of the high temperature phase and the CDW phase between 91 K and 94 K manifests that it is a first-order phase transition.At low temperature,electric-field-gradient fluctuations diminish and magnetic fluctuations become dominant.Superconductivity emerges in the charge order state.Knight shift decreases and 1/T_(1)T shows a Hebel–Slichter coherence peak just below T_(c),indicating that CsV_(3)Sb_(5) is an s-wave superconductor.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11771258 and 11471198)。
文摘For an odd prime p,we give a criterion for finite p-groups whose nonnormal subgroups are metacyclic,and based on the criterion,the p-groups whose nonnormal subgroups are metacyclic are classified up to isomorphism.This solves a problem proposed by Berkovich.
基金This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52072092 and 51922083)the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province(No.YQ2019E026)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.HIT.OCEF.2021018).
文摘Piezoceramics with high and fatigue-resisted piezoelectric properties are strongly desired for actuator ap-plications.In this work,textured Pb(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))O_(3)-Pb(Zr,Ti)O_(3)ceramics with Lotgering factor F_(001)∼98%were fabricated by templated grain growth technique.Strong[001]c-grain orientation(f∼90%and r∼0.22)of the textured ceramics effectively produced about 230%enhanced piezoelectric coefficient d_(33)^(∗)(i.e.,S_(max)/E_(max))and substantially improved unipolar electrical fatigue resistance.Unipolar polarization P max and d_(33)^(∗)of the textured ceramics were nearly maintained up to 106 unipolar cycles,while 19%and 14%degradations were respectively observed from randomly oriented counterparts.Especially,normal-ized d_(33)^(∗)of the textured ceramics shows better unipolar fatigue resistance than those of piezoceramics reported previously.Much lower bipolar strain asymmetryγs(∼4%)was observed from the textured samples fatigued after 106 unipolar cycles as compared toγs∼23%for randomly oriented counterparts.While charged defect accumulation model described the serious fatigue deteriorations in randomly ori-ented ceramics,the current work revealed that substantially enhanced unipolar fatigue resistance of the textured ceramics is mainly associated with the inherent fatigue anisotropy,weakened local bias fields owing to both enhanced domain mobility and lower defect density near grain boundaries/interfaces,and increased intrinsic contribution due to more tetragonal content.These superior characteristics suggest the great potential of textured ceramics for high-performance and robust actuator applications.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China.
文摘To establish a cytologic expressing system of rat glutathione S-transferase pi (GST-pi) cDNA for detecting the resistance of HeLa cells to anticancer drugs. Methods The assessment was made with various anticancer drugs (adriamycin, mitomycin, cisplatinum and vincristine) that showed different cytotoxicities in transfectant HeLa cells with pSV-GT containing rat GST-pi cDNA (HeLa/pSV-GT) or control pSV-neo (HeLa/pSV-neo). Expression levels of GST-pi mRNA in HeLa/pSV-GT and HeLa/pSV-neo were measured by in situ hybridization using Digoxin-labelled cDNA probe. Results HeLa/pSV-GT expressed significantly high degree of GST-pi mRNA, whereas both HeLa/pSV-neo and HeLa cells had very low expression. Cytotoxicities of HeLa/pSV-GT and HeLa/pSV-neo with 4 anticancer drugs were measured by MTT assay. Drug concentrations for yielding 50% inhibition (IC50) in HeLa/pSV-GT by adriamycin, mitomycin and cisplatinum were 70.13 靏/mL, 10.95 靏/mL and 16.52 靏/mL, respectively. In contrast, IC50 in HeLa/pSV-neo was 10.34 靏/mL, 7.48 靏/mL and 13.70 靏/mL, respectively. The cytotoxicities of vincristine on both HeLa/pSV-GT and HeLa/pSV-neo were not significantly different. Conclusions Our findings suggest that HeLa/pSV-GT containing rat GST-pi cDNA is resistant to some anticancer drugs due to overexpression of GST-pi. Also, HeLa/pSV-GT cell line could serve as a useful cytogenetic model for further research.
基金Supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. JK00020)the Doctor Research Fund from North China Electric Power University (Grant No. 200612008)the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2007AA061703)
文摘Oxidation of sulfite is an important process in wet flue gas desulfurization.Using highly purified water or distilled water as a reaction medium and a transparent or an opaque intermittent reaction apparatus,the intrinsic oxidation kinetics of sulfite catalyzed by peracetic acid was investigated under four dif-ferent conditions.The reaction order of the reagents and the activation energy were obtained.The re-sults indicate that water quality and light have no obvious effects on the reaction order and activation energy,but have an influence on the reaction rate constant.The mechanism of the intrinsic reaction is proposed.The results derived with this mechanism are in good agreement with the experimental re-sults.
基金This work was supported by grants from the Cadre Health Research Project of Jiangsu Province(Grants No.BJ19013 to J.Y.and BJ17015 to Q.T.).
文摘Aging and obesity contribute to muscle dysfunction. This study aimed to determine the cross-sectional associations between components of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and sarcopenia in 251 older community- dwelling Chinese. The total fat-free mass was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, muscle strength (handgrip strength) by a handheld dynamometer, physical performance by 4-meter walk, 5-time chair stand test, and the short physical performance battery (SPPB). MetS was defined using the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria. The participants with MetS had a higher appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) and relative ASM (RASM). The males with MetS had higher handgrip strength, and the females with MetS had higher SPPB scores. After adjusting for age and body mass index, the participants with an increased waist circumference had a higher ASM, and those with increased diastolic blood pressure (DBP) also had higher handgrip strength. The males with elevated fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels had a lower gait speed. Components of MetS, such as DPB and FBG, were associated with muscle strength and physical performance in older adults. These results suggest that muscle strength and function should be considered in treating older adults with MetS.
文摘The stock market is an important economic information center.The economic benefits generated by stock price prediction have attracted much attention.Although the stock market cannot be predicted accurately,the stock market’s prediction of the trend of stock prices helps in grasping the operation law of the stock market and the influence mechanism on the economy.The autoregressive integrated moving average(ARIMA)model is one of the most widely accepted and used time series forecasting models.Therefore,this paper first compares the return on investment(ROI)of Apple and Tesla,revealing that the ROI of Tesla is much greater than that of Apple,and subsequently focuses on ARIMA model’s prediction on the available time series data,thus concluding that the ARIMA model is better than the Naïve method in predicting the change in Tesla’s stock price trend.
