AIM: To study the efficacy and safety of Fuzhenghuayu capsule (FZHY capsule, a capsule for strengthening body resistance to remove blood stasis) against liver fibrosis due to chronic hepatitis B. METHODS: Multicenter,...AIM: To study the efficacy and safety of Fuzhenghuayu capsule (FZHY capsule, a capsule for strengthening body resistance to remove blood stasis) against liver fibrosis due to chronic hepatitis B. METHODS: Multicenter, randomized, double blinded and parallel control experiment was conducted in patients (aged from 18 to 65 years) with liver fibrosis due to chronic hepatitis B. Hepatic histologic changes and HBV markers were examined at wk 0 and 24 during treatment. Serologic parameters (HA, LM, P-Ⅲ-P, Ⅳ-C) were determined and B ultrasound examination of the spleen and liver was performed at wk 0, 12 and 24. Liver function (liver function and serologic parameters for liver fibrosis) was observedat wk 0, 6, 12, 18 and 24. Blood and urine routine test, renal function and ECG were examined before and after treatment. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between experimental group (110 cases) and control group (106 cases) in demographic features, vital signs, course of illness, history for drug anaphylaxis and previous therapy, liver function, serologic parameters for liver fibrosis, liver histologic examination (99 cases in experimental group, 96 cases in control group), HBV markers, and renal function. According to the criteria for liver fibrosis staging, meanscore of fibrotic stage(s) in experimental group after treatment (1.80) decreased significantly compared to the previous treatment (2.33, P＜0.05), but there was no significant difference in mean score of fibrotic stage(s) (2.11 and 2.14 respectively). There was a significant difference in reverse rate between experimental group (52%) and control group (23.3%) in liver biopsy. With marked effect on decreasing the mean value of inflammatory activity and score of inflammation (P＜0.05), Fuzhenghuayu capsule had rather good effects on inhibiting inflammatory activity and was superior to that of Heluoshugan capsule. Compared to that of pretreatment, there was a significant decrease in HA, LM, P-Ⅲ-P and Ⅳ-C content in experimental group after 12 and 展开更多
AIM: To prepare the human hepatocellular carcinoma_(HCC)targeted liposome microbubbles and to investigate their immunological properties.METHODS: Human hepatocarcinoma specific monoclonal antibody HAb18 was attached t...AIM: To prepare the human hepatocellular carcinoma_(HCC)targeted liposome microbubbles and to investigate their immunological properties.METHODS: Human hepatocarcinoma specific monoclonal antibody HAb18 was attached to the surface of home-made liposome microbubbles by static attraction to prepare the targeted liposome microbubbles. The combination of HAb18 with liposome microbubbles was confirmed by the slide agglutination test and immunofluorescent assay. Their immunological activity was measured by ELISA. Rosette formation test, rosette formation blocking test and immunofluorescent assay were used to identify the specific binding of targeted liposome microbubbles to SMMC-7721 hepatoma cells, and cytotoxicity assay was used to detect their effect on human hepatocytes.RESULTS: The targeted liposome microbubbles were positive in the slide agglutination test and immunofluorescent assay. ELISA indicated that the immunological activity of HAb18 on the liposome microbubbles was similar to that of free HAb18. SMMC-7721 cells were surrounded by the targeting liposome microbubbles to form rosettes, while the control SGC-7901 gastric cancer cells were not. Proliferation of SMMC-7721 cells and normal human hepatocytes was not influenced by the targeted liposome microbubbles.CONCLUSION: The targeted liposome microbubbles with a high specific biological activity have been successfully prepared, which specifically bind to human hepatocarcinoma cells, and are non-cytotoxic to hepatocytes. These results indicate that the liposome microbubbles can be used as a HCC-targeted ultrasound contrast agent that may enhance ultrasound images and thus improve the diagnosis of HCC,especially at the early stage.展开更多
A supervised artificial neural network (ANN) to model the nonlinear relationship between parameters of thermomechanical treatment processes with respect to hardness and conductivity properties was proposed for Cu-Cr-Z...A supervised artificial neural network (ANN) to model the nonlinear relationship between parameters of thermomechanical treatment processes with respect to hardness and conductivity properties was proposed for Cu-Cr-Zr alloy. The improved model was developed by the Levenberg-Marquardt training algorithm. A basic repository on the domain knowledge of thermomechanical treatment processes is established via sufficient data acquisition by the network. The results showed that the ANN system is an effective way and can be successfully used to predict and analyze the properties of Cu-Cr-Zr alloy.展开更多
Age hardening in Cu-3.2Ni-0.75Si (wt pct) and Cu-1.0Ni-0.25Si (wt pct) alloys from 723 to 823 K is studied. After an incubation period strengthening appears which is due to precipitates in the Cu-l.ONi-0.25Si (wt pct)...Age hardening in Cu-3.2Ni-0.75Si (wt pct) and Cu-1.0Ni-0.25Si (wt pct) alloys from 723 to 823 K is studied. After an incubation period strengthening appears which is due to precipitates in the Cu-l.ONi-0.25Si (wt pct) alloy. On other hand an immediate increase of the yield strength characterizes the aging of the alloy. This is followed by the regions of constant yield strength and further by a peak. The microstructure of the alloy was studied by, means of transmission electron microscope (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Spinodal decomposition takes place followed by nucleation of the ordering coherent (Cu,Ni)3Si particles, further precipitation annealing coherent δ-Ni2Si nucleated within the (Cu,Ni)3Si particle. Any change of the yield strength can be described by an adequate change of the structure in the sample. The nature of the aging curves with a 'plateau' is discussed. The formulas of Ashby and Labusch can be used to explain the precipitation.展开更多
AIM: To assess the grey scale enhancement of a new lipidcoated ultrasound contrast agent in solid abdominal organs as liver and kidney.METHODS: Size distribution and concentration of the lipidcoated contrast microbubb...AIM: To assess the grey scale enhancement of a new lipidcoated ultrasound contrast agent in solid abdominal organs as liver and kidney.METHODS: Size distribution and concentration of the lipidcoated contrast microbubbles were analyzed by a Coulter counter. Two-dimensional (2D) second harmonic imaging of the hepatic parenchyma, the inferior vena cava and the right kidney of the rabbits were acquired before and after contrast agent injection. Images were further quantified by histogram in Adobe Photoshop 6.0. Time-intensity curves of hepatic parenchyma, inferior vena cava and renal cortex were qenerated from the oriqinal qrev scale.RESULTS: The 2D images of hepatic parenchyma and cortex of the kidney were greatly enhanced after injection and the peak time could last more than 50 min.CONCLUSION: This new lipid ultrasound contrast agent could significantly enhance the grey scale imaging of the hepatic parenchyma and the renal cortex for more than 50 min.展开更多
The aging precipitation behavior in solution treated Cu-Ni-Si-Cr alloy has been studied in terms of the analyses of the variations in electrical conductivity. On the basis of the linear relationship between the electr...The aging precipitation behavior in solution treated Cu-Ni-Si-Cr alloy has been studied in terms of the analyses of the variations in electrical conductivity. On the basis of the linear relationship between the electrical conductivity and the volume fraction of the precipitates, the phase transformation kinetics equation was deduced from the Avrami empiricai formula. On the basis of this equation, transformation kinetics curves corresponding to 5% and 50% transformation were established.展开更多
OBJECTIVE To study the clinical features and significant prognostic factors for primary breast lymphoma (PBL).METHODS A retrospective clinical analysis of 15 patients with PBL and a statistical analysis of 134 cases w...OBJECTIVE To study the clinical features and significant prognostic factors for primary breast lymphoma (PBL).METHODS A retrospective clinical analysis of 15 patients with PBL and a statistical analysis of 134 cases with PBL were performed.RESULTS All 15 patients, but one, were female with a median age of 42years. None were diagnosed with PBL preoperatively. Pathological studyshowed that all cases were non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with the DLCL type(53.3%). The right breast was affected in 10 patients, the left in 4 and both inone. A statistical analysis showed that the size of tumors and treatmentpattern (single or multi-modality) were significant prognostic factors inpredicting the survival time, but the location of the tumor at initialpresentation and the age of the patients were not.CONCLUSION Most PBLs are NHL. The right breast is more frequently involved. The correct diagnosis depends mostly on postoperative pathology. The size of the tumor and the modality of treatment are significant prognostic factors.展开更多
To aid in management of Cunninghamia lanceolata,the main timber species in Southern China,its variation of spatial distribution pattern was analyzed.Three permanent plots of C.lanceolata plantations with approximately...To aid in management of Cunninghamia lanceolata,the main timber species in Southern China,its variation of spatial distribution pattern was analyzed.Three permanent plots of C.lanceolata plantations with approximately the same site conditions,set by China continuous forest inventory in Shunchang,Fujian,were selected. C.lanceolata growth was divided into two stages: young trees(5 cm≤diameter at breast height (DBH)【10 cm) and mature trees(DBH≥10 cm). The DBH and coordinates of every tree(DBH≥5 cm) in the permanent plots were recorded in 2003 and 2008.The function L(r),improvement of Ripley’s K(r),the paircorrelation function g(r),and the uniform angle index(W_i) were used to analyze the spatio-temporal variation of spatial distribution patterns.The three permanent plots had mean uniform angle index(W) between 0.494-0.578 at low altitudes,0.465-0.477 at medium altitudes,and 0.426-0.601 at high altitudes.Results showed that altitude did not affect the spatial distribution pattern. The L(r ) and g(r) function curves of mature trees were generally lower than young trees’,i.e.tend to be more random or uniform distribution.So regardless of the initial distribution of young or mature trees,with the passage of time,there was a tendency for the aggregated distribution to change to a random distribution,and a random distribution to change to a uniform distribution.展开更多
Objective:To further illuminate a possibme mechanism of Fas/FasL in the treatment of psoriasis, the expression of it and apoptosis of KC were investigated. Methods: With cell culture,immunocytochemistry, the expressio...Objective:To further illuminate a possibme mechanism of Fas/FasL in the treatment of psoriasis, the expression of it and apoptosis of KC were investigated. Methods: With cell culture,immunocytochemistry, the expression of Fas/FasL protein after the treatment with etretin was observed in cultured human normal keratinocytes. Then, the state of apoptosis in cultured keratinocyte after stimulation with etretin was detected with FACS(Fluorescence Activited Cell Sortor). Results:① There was no expression of Fas/FasL protein in the cultured normal human KC. ②After the treatment with etretin, the strongest expression of FasL protein appeared after 16h,so did Fas after 40h.③ The higher the concentration of etretin,the stronger the expression of Fas/FasL protien.Under the same condition,the expression of Fas is stronger than that of FasL.④ Keratinocytes' apoptosis occurred after stimulation with etretin. Conclusion: Fas/FasL system wasn't involved in apoptosis in cultured normol human keratinocytes.But during limited period, the apoptosis of KC could be induced by (etretin),thus it can antagonize benign proliferate of keratinocytes.Our data showed up-regulation of the expression of Fas/FasL and apoptosis in cultured human keratinocytes stimulated by etretin, and its function may be involved in the therapeutic machanism of psoriasis.展开更多
The kinetics of internal oxidation of Cu-Al alloy cylinders, containing up to 2.214mol% Al, were investigated in the temperature range of 1023 K to 1273 K, and the depth of internal oxidation was measured in the micro...The kinetics of internal oxidation of Cu-Al alloy cylinders, containing up to 2.214mol% Al, were investigated in the temperature range of 1023 K to 1273 K, and the depth of internal oxidation was measured in the microscopy. A kinetic equation was derived to describe the internal oxidation of Cu-Al alloy cylinders. For the internal oxidation of Cu-Al alloys employed in the synthesis of alumina dispersion strengthened copper, the kinetic equation can be simplified. The derived equation was checked experimentally by means of oxidation depth measurements and the results show that the derived equation is exact enough to describe the kinetics of internal oxidation of Cu-Al alloy cylinders. Based on this equation and the oxidation depth measurements, the permeability of oxygen in solid copper was obtained. Investigation also shows that there is no evidence for preferential diffusion along grain boundaries in the process of internal oxidation.展开更多
AIM: To investigate the expression of NDRG2 and mutation of the entire coding region of NDRG2 in human liver and pancreatic cancers, and to further discuss the possible causes of NDRG2 distinct expression patterns.MET...AIM: To investigate the expression of NDRG2 and mutation of the entire coding region of NDRG2 in human liver and pancreatic cancers, and to further discuss the possible causes of NDRG2 distinct expression patterns.METHODS: Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to analyze the expression of NDRG2 mRNA in 37 fresh cancer specimens (including 8 cases of pancreatic cancer and 29 cases of liver cancer) and adjacent normal tissues collected from clinical operation. In addition,mutation analysis of the whole coding region of NDRG2 in these cancers was examined by polymerase chain reactionsingle strand conformational polymorphism (PCR-SSCP).RESULTS: Compared with adjacent normal tissues, the expression levels of NDRG2 mRNA in corresponding cancer tissues reduced significantly (pancreatic cancer: 0.680±0.112 vs 2.089±0.214, P<0.01) (liver cancer: 0.894±0.098 vs 1.345±0.177, P<0.05). Using PCR-SSCP, the mutation of the whole coding region of NDRG2 was not found in those cancer tissues where the expression of NDRG2 mRNA reduced markedly.CONCLUSION: NDRG2 gene might express differently between normal tissues and cancer tissues, and might play an important role in the development of pancreatic cancer and liver cancer. Low expression of NDRG2 might be unrelated to the mutation of coding region of NDRG2.展开更多
AIM: To investigate the ameliorative effects of sodium ferulate (SF) on acetic acid-induced colitis and their mechanisms in rats.METHODS: The colitis model of Sprague-Dawley rats was induced by intracolon enema with 8...AIM: To investigate the ameliorative effects of sodium ferulate (SF) on acetic acid-induced colitis and their mechanisms in rats.METHODS: The colitis model of Sprague-Dawley rats was induced by intracolon enema with 8 % (WV) of acetic acid.The experimental animals were randomly divided into model control, 5-aminosalicylic acid therapy group and three dose of SF therapy groups. The 5 groups were treated intracolonically and daily (8:00 am) for 7 days 24 h following the induction of colitis. A normal control group of rats clystered with normal saline instead of acetic acid was also included in the study.Pathological changes of the colonic mucosa were evaluated by the colon mucosa damage index (CMDI) and the histopathological score (HS). The insulted colonic mucosa was sampled for a variety of determinations at the end of experiment when the animals were sacrificed by decapitation.Colonic activities of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), and levels of malondialdehyde (MDA)and nitric oxide (NO) were assayed with ultraviolet spectrophotometry. Colonic contents of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and thromboxane B2 (TXB2)were determined by radioimmunoassay. The expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) p65 proteins in the colonic tissue were detected with immunohistochemistry.RESULTS: Enhanced colonic mucosal injury, inflammatory response and oxidative stress were observed in the animals clystered with acetic acid, which manifested as the significant increase of CMDI, HS, MPO activities, MDA and NO levels,PGE2 and TXB2 contents, as well as the expressions of iNOS,COX-2 and NF-κB p65 proteins in the colonic mucosa,although the colonic SOD activity was significantly decreased compared with the normal control (CMDI: 2.9±0.6 vs0.0±0.0;HS: 4.3±0.9 vs0.7±1.1; MPO: 98.1±26.9 vs24.8±11.5; MDA:57.53±12.36 vs9.21±3.85; NO: 0.331±0.092 vs0.176±0.045;PGE2: 186.2±96.2 vs 42.8±32.8; TXB2: 34.26±13.51 vs 8.83±3.75; iNOS: 0.365±0.026 vs展开更多
AIM: To investigate the expression of growth hormone receptor (GHR) and mRNA of GHR in cirrhotic livers of rats with the intension to find the basis for application of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) to patien...AIM: To investigate the expression of growth hormone receptor (GHR) and mRNA of GHR in cirrhotic livers of rats with the intension to find the basis for application of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) to patients with liver cirrhosis.METHODS: Hepatic cirrhosis was induced in SpragueDawley rats by administration of thioacetamide intraperitoneally for 9-12 weeks. Collagenase Ⅳ was perfused in situ for isolation of hepatocytes. The expression of GHR and its mRNA in cirrhotic livers was studied with radio-ligand binding assay, RT-PCR and digital image analysis.RESULTS: One class of specific growth hormone-binding site, GHR, was detected in hepatocytes and hepatic tissue of cirrhotic livers. The binding capacity of GHR (RT, fmol/mg protein) in rat cirrhotic liver tissue (30.8±1.9) was significantly lower than that in normal control (74.9±3.9) at the time point of the ninth week after initiation of induction of cirrhosis (n=10, P＜0.05), and it decreased gradually along with the accumulation of collagen in the process of formation and development of liver cirrhosis (P＜0.05). The number of binding sites (×10 4/cell) of GHR on rat cirrhotic hepatocytes (0.86±0.16) was significantly lower than that (1.28±0.24)in control (n= 10, P＜0.05). The binding affinity of GHR among liver tissue, hepatocytes of various groups had no significant difference (P＞0.05). The expression of GHR mRNA (riOD,pixel) in rat cirrhotic hepatic tissues (23.3±3.1) was also significantly lower than that (29.3±3.4) in normal control (n=10, P＜0.05).CONCLUSION: The growth hormone receptor was expressed in a reduced level in liver tissue of cirrhotic rats,and lesser expression of growth hormone receptors was found in a later stage of cirrhosis. The reduced expression of growth hormone receptor was partly due to its decreased expression on cirrhotic hepatocytes and the reduced expression of its mRNA in cirrhotic liver tissue.展开更多
AIM: To investigate the number, size, and status of lymph nodes within the mesorectum and to explore the prognostic significance of lymph node micrometastases in patients with rectal cancer. METHODS: Thirty-one patien...AIM: To investigate the number, size, and status of lymph nodes within the mesorectum and to explore the prognostic significance of lymph node micrometastases in patients with rectal cancer. METHODS: Thirty-one patients with rectal cancer undergone total mesorectal excision between October 2001 and October 2002 were included. Mesorectal nodes retrieved from the resected specimens were detected with a combination of haematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and immunohistochemistry (IHC). The relations between lymph node metastases, micrometastases and postoperative recurrence were analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 548 lymph nodes were harvested, with 17.7±8.2 nodes per case. The average number of metastatic nodes in HE-positive patients and micrometastatic nodes in IHC-positive patients was 5.2±5.1 per case and 2.2±1.3 per case, respectively. The mean size of all nodes and metastatic nodes was 4.1±1.8mm and 5.2±1.7mm in diameter, respectively. The mean size of micrometastatic nodes was 3.9±1.4mm in diameter. The size of the majority of mesorectal nodes (66.8%), metastatic nodes (52.6%), and micrometastatic nodes (79.5%) was less than 5mm in diameter. During a median follow-up period of 24.6±4.7mo, 5 patients (16.7%) had recurrence, of them 2 died and 3 survived. Another case died of tumor unrelated cause and was excluded. All 5 recurrent cases had 3 or more nodes involved, and one of them developed only lymph node micrometastases. The mean number of both metastatic and micrometastatic nodes per case differed significantly between the recurrent and non-recurrent groups (P<0.01 and P=0.01, respectively). CONCLUSION: The majority of lymph nodes, metastatic, and micrometastatic lymph nodes within the mesorectum are smaller than 5mm in diameter. The nodal status and the number of lymph nodes involved with tumor metastases and micrometastases are related to the rapid postoperative recurrence.展开更多
AIM:To explore the abnormal function of platelets and the role of angelica sinensis injection (ASI) in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC).METHODS:In 39 patients with active UC, 25 patients with remissive UC and 30 ...AIM:To explore the abnormal function of platelets and the role of angelica sinensis injection (ASI) in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC).METHODS:In 39 patients with active UC, 25 patients with remissive UC and 30 healthy people, α-granule membrane protein (GMP-140) and thromboxane B2 (TXB2) were detected by means of ELISA, 6-keto-PGF1α was detected by radioimmunoassay, platelet count (PC) and 1min platelet aggregation rate (1min PAR) were detected by blood automatic tester and platelet aggregation tester respectively,and von Willebrand factor related antigen (vWF:Ag) was detected by the means of monoclonal-ELISA. The 64 patients with UC were divided into two therapy groups. After routine treatment and angelica sinensis injection (ASI)+routine treatment respectively for 3 weeks, all these parameters were also detected.RESULTS:The PC, 1min PAR and levels of GMP-140,TXB2, and vWF:Ag in active UC were significanrly higher than those in remissive UC and normal controls (P<0.05-0.01).Meanwhile, 1 min PAR and levels of GMP-140, TXB2,and vWF:Ag in remissive UC were still significantly higher than those in normal controls (P<0.05). Furthermore, 6-keto-PGF1-α level in active and remissive UC was remarkably lower than that in normal control (P<0.05-0.01). These parameters except 6-keto-PGF1α were significantly improved after the treatment in ASI therapy group (P<0.05-0.01),whereas they all were little changed in routine therapy group (P>0.05).CONCLUSION:Platelets can be significantly activated in UC,which might be related with vascular endothelium injury and imbalance between TXB2 and 6-keto-PGF1α in blood.ASI can significantly inhibit platelet activation, relieve vascular endothelial cell injury, and improve microcirculation in UC.展开更多
AIM: To study the effect of angelica sinensis polysaccharide (ASP) on immunological colon injury and its mechanisms in rats.METHODS: Immunological colitis model of rats was induced by intracolon enema with 2, 4, 6-tri...AIM: To study the effect of angelica sinensis polysaccharide (ASP) on immunological colon injury and its mechanisms in rats.METHODS: Immunological colitis model of rats was induced by intracolon enema with 2, 4, 6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) and ethanol. The experimental animals were randomly divided into normal control, model control, 5-aminosalicylic acid therapy groups and three doses of ASP therapy groups. The 6 groups were treated intracolonically with normal saline, normal saline, 5-aminosalicylic acid (100 mg.kg-1), and ASP daily (8:00 am) at the doses of 200, 400 and 800 mg.kg-1 respectively for 21 days 7 d following induction of colitis. The rat colon mucosa damage index (CMDI), the histopathological score (HS), the score of occult blood test (OBT), and the colonic MPO activity were evaluated. The levels of SOD, MDA, NO, TNF-α, IL-2 and IL-10 in colonic tissues were detected biochemically and immunoradiometrically. The expressions of TGF-β and EGF in colonic tissues were also determined immunochemically.RESULTS: Enhanced colonic mucosal injury, inflammatory response and oxidative stress were observed in colitis rats,which manifested as significant increases of CMDI, HS, OBT,MPO activity, MDA and NO contents, as well as the levels of TNF-α and IL-2 in colonic tissues, although colonic TGF-β protein expression, SOD activity and TL-10 content were significantly decreased compared with the normal control (P＜0.01). However, these parameters were found to be significantly ameliorated in colitis rats treated intracolicly with ASP at the doses of 400 and 800 mg@kg-1 (P＜0.05-0.01).Meantime, colonic EGF protein expression in colitis rats was remarkably up-regulated.CONCLUSION: ASP has a protective effect on immunological colon injury induced by TNBS and ethanol enema in rats,which was propably due to the mechanism of antioxidation,immunomodulation and promotion of wound repair.展开更多
<abstract>Aim: To study the expression and regulation of Smadl, Smad2 and Smad4 proteins (intracellular signaling molecules of transforming growth factor-β family) in rat testis during postnatal development. Me...<abstract>Aim: To study the expression and regulation of Smadl, Smad2 and Smad4 proteins (intracellular signaling molecules of transforming growth factor-β family) in rat testis during postnatal development. Methods: The whole testes were collected from SD rats aged 3, 7, 14, 28 and 90 (adult) days. The cellular localization and developmental changes were examined by immunohistochemistry ABC method with the glucose oxidase-DAB-nickel enhancement technique. Quantitative analysis of the immunostaining was made by the image analysis system. The Smads proteins coexistence in the adult rat testis was tested by the double immune staining for CD14-Smad4 and Smad2-Smad4. The protein expression of Smad during rat testicular development was examined by means of Western blots. Results: Smadl, Smad2 and Smad4 were present throughout testicular development. The immunostaining of Smadl and Smad2 were present in spermatogenic cells. A positive immunoreactivity was located at the cytoplasm, but the nucleus was negative. Smadl was immunolocalized at the d14, d28 and adult testes, while Smad2, at the d7, d14, d28 and adult testis. There was positive irnmunoreaction in the Sertoli cells and Leydig cells as well. The immunolocalization of Smad4 was exclusively at the cytoplasm of Leydig cells and the nuclei were negative throughout the testicular development. No expression was detected in the germ cells. The results of image and statistical analysis showed that generally the expression of Smadl, Smad2 and Smad4 in the testis tended to increase gradually with the growth of the rat. Conclusion: The present data provide direct evidences for the molecular mechanism of TGF-βaction in rat testes during postnatal development and spermatogenesis.展开更多
AIM: To assess the microscopic spread of low rectal cancer in mesorectum regions to provide pathological evidence for the necessity of total mesorectal excision (TME). METHODS: A total of 62 patients with low rectal c...AIM: To assess the microscopic spread of low rectal cancer in mesorectum regions to provide pathological evidence for the necessity of total mesorectal excision (TME). METHODS: A total of 62 patients with low rectal cancer underwent low anterior resection and TME, surgical specimens were sliced transversely on the serial embedded blocks at 2.5 mm interval, and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE). The mesorectum on whole-mount sections was divided into three regions: outer region of mesorectum (ORM), middle region of mesorectum (MRM) and inner region of mesorectum (IRM). Microscopic metastatic foci were investigated microscopically on the sections for the metastatic mesorectal regions, frequency, types, involvement of lymphatic vessels and correlation with the original rectal cancer. RESULTS: Microscopic spread of the tumor in mesorectum and ORM was observed in 38.7% (24/62) and 25.8% (16/62) of the patients, respectively. Circumferential resection margin (CRM) with involvement of microscopic metastaticfoci occurred in 6.5% (4/62) of the patients, and distal mesorectum (DMR) involved was 6.5% (4/62) with the spread extent within 3 cm of low board of the main lesions. Most (20/24) of the patients with microscopic metastasis in mesorectum were in Dukes C stage. CONCLUSION: Results of the present study support that complete excision of the mesorectum without destruction of the ORM is essential for surgical management of low rectal cancer, an optimal DMR clearance resection margin should be no less than 4 cm, further pathologic assessment of the regions in extramesorectum in the pelvis is needed.展开更多
AIM: To describe the eplclemlologlcal Teatures or peptic ulcer disease in Wuhan area during 1997-2002, to analyze the sex, age and occupation characteristics, as well as the geographic distribution of peptic ulcer dis...AIM: To describe the eplclemlologlcal Teatures or peptic ulcer disease in Wuhan area during 1997-2002, to analyze the sex, age and occupation characteristics, as well as the geographic distribution of peptic ulcer disease, and to determine the effective methods of preventing and controlling peptic ulcer disease. METHODS: In the early 1980s, the peptic ulcer disease registry system was established to collect the data of peptic ulcer disease in Wuhan area. Here we performed a statistically detailed analysis of 4876 cases of peptic ulcer disease during 1997-2002. RESULTS: The morbidity of peptic ulcer disease between males and females was significantly different (x^2=337.9, P<0.001). The majority of peptic ulcer diseases were found at the age of 20 to 50 years. Because of different occupations, the incidence of peptic ulcer disease was different in different areas. CONCLUSION: The incidence of peptic ulcer disease is highly associated with sex, age, occupation and geographic environmental factors. By analyzing the epidemiological features of peptic ulcer disease, we can provide the scientific data for prevention and control of peptic ulcer disease.展开更多
基金Supported by the Main Research Project of Shanghai Municipal Fund for Medical Development
文摘AIM: To study the efficacy and safety of Fuzhenghuayu capsule (FZHY capsule, a capsule for strengthening body resistance to remove blood stasis) against liver fibrosis due to chronic hepatitis B. METHODS: Multicenter, randomized, double blinded and parallel control experiment was conducted in patients (aged from 18 to 65 years) with liver fibrosis due to chronic hepatitis B. Hepatic histologic changes and HBV markers were examined at wk 0 and 24 during treatment. Serologic parameters (HA, LM, P-Ⅲ-P, Ⅳ-C) were determined and B ultrasound examination of the spleen and liver was performed at wk 0, 12 and 24. Liver function (liver function and serologic parameters for liver fibrosis) was observedat wk 0, 6, 12, 18 and 24. Blood and urine routine test, renal function and ECG were examined before and after treatment. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between experimental group (110 cases) and control group (106 cases) in demographic features, vital signs, course of illness, history for drug anaphylaxis and previous therapy, liver function, serologic parameters for liver fibrosis, liver histologic examination (99 cases in experimental group, 96 cases in control group), HBV markers, and renal function. According to the criteria for liver fibrosis staging, meanscore of fibrotic stage(s) in experimental group after treatment (1.80) decreased significantly compared to the previous treatment (2.33, P＜0.05), but there was no significant difference in mean score of fibrotic stage(s) (2.11 and 2.14 respectively). There was a significant difference in reverse rate between experimental group (52%) and control group (23.3%) in liver biopsy. With marked effect on decreasing the mean value of inflammatory activity and score of inflammation (P＜0.05), Fuzhenghuayu capsule had rather good effects on inhibiting inflammatory activity and was superior to that of Heluoshugan capsule. Compared to that of pretreatment, there was a significant decrease in HA, LM, P-Ⅲ-P and Ⅳ-C content in experimental group after 12 and
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.30270384
文摘AIM: To prepare the human hepatocellular carcinoma_(HCC)targeted liposome microbubbles and to investigate their immunological properties.METHODS: Human hepatocarcinoma specific monoclonal antibody HAb18 was attached to the surface of home-made liposome microbubbles by static attraction to prepare the targeted liposome microbubbles. The combination of HAb18 with liposome microbubbles was confirmed by the slide agglutination test and immunofluorescent assay. Their immunological activity was measured by ELISA. Rosette formation test, rosette formation blocking test and immunofluorescent assay were used to identify the specific binding of targeted liposome microbubbles to SMMC-7721 hepatoma cells, and cytotoxicity assay was used to detect their effect on human hepatocytes.RESULTS: The targeted liposome microbubbles were positive in the slide agglutination test and immunofluorescent assay. ELISA indicated that the immunological activity of HAb18 on the liposome microbubbles was similar to that of free HAb18. SMMC-7721 cells were surrounded by the targeting liposome microbubbles to form rosettes, while the control SGC-7901 gastric cancer cells were not. Proliferation of SMMC-7721 cells and normal human hepatocytes was not influenced by the targeted liposome microbubbles.CONCLUSION: The targeted liposome microbubbles with a high specific biological activity have been successfully prepared, which specifically bind to human hepatocarcinoma cells, and are non-cytotoxic to hepatocytes. These results indicate that the liposome microbubbles can be used as a HCC-targeted ultrasound contrast agent that may enhance ultrasound images and thus improve the diagnosis of HCC,especially at the early stage.
基金This work was supported by the stae“863 plan”,under Grant No.2002AA331112by the Major Science and Technology Project of Henan Province,China,under Grant No.0122021300.
文摘A supervised artificial neural network (ANN) to model the nonlinear relationship between parameters of thermomechanical treatment processes with respect to hardness and conductivity properties was proposed for Cu-Cr-Zr alloy. The improved model was developed by the Levenberg-Marquardt training algorithm. A basic repository on the domain knowledge of thermomechanical treatment processes is established via sufficient data acquisition by the network. The results showed that the ANN system is an effective way and can be successfully used to predict and analyze the properties of Cu-Cr-Zr alloy.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract No.50071026.
文摘Age hardening in Cu-3.2Ni-0.75Si (wt pct) and Cu-1.0Ni-0.25Si (wt pct) alloys from 723 to 823 K is studied. After an incubation period strengthening appears which is due to precipitates in the Cu-l.ONi-0.25Si (wt pct) alloy. On other hand an immediate increase of the yield strength characterizes the aging of the alloy. This is followed by the regions of constant yield strength and further by a peak. The microstructure of the alloy was studied by, means of transmission electron microscope (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Spinodal decomposition takes place followed by nucleation of the ordering coherent (Cu,Ni)3Si particles, further precipitation annealing coherent δ-Ni2Si nucleated within the (Cu,Ni)3Si particle. Any change of the yield strength can be described by an adequate change of the structure in the sample. The nature of the aging curves with a 'plateau' is discussed. The formulas of Ashby and Labusch can be used to explain the precipitation.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.30270384
文摘AIM: To assess the grey scale enhancement of a new lipidcoated ultrasound contrast agent in solid abdominal organs as liver and kidney.METHODS: Size distribution and concentration of the lipidcoated contrast microbubbles were analyzed by a Coulter counter. Two-dimensional (2D) second harmonic imaging of the hepatic parenchyma, the inferior vena cava and the right kidney of the rabbits were acquired before and after contrast agent injection. Images were further quantified by histogram in Adobe Photoshop 6.0. Time-intensity curves of hepatic parenchyma, inferior vena cava and renal cortex were qenerated from the oriqinal qrev scale.RESULTS: The 2D images of hepatic parenchyma and cortex of the kidney were greatly enhanced after injection and the peak time could last more than 50 min.CONCLUSION: This new lipid ultrasound contrast agent could significantly enhance the grey scale imaging of the hepatic parenchyma and the renal cortex for more than 50 min.
基金This work was supported by the National High Technology Research Project“863"under Grant No.2002AA331112by the Major Science&Technology Project of Henan Province,China,under Grant No.0122021300.
文摘The aging precipitation behavior in solution treated Cu-Ni-Si-Cr alloy has been studied in terms of the analyses of the variations in electrical conductivity. On the basis of the linear relationship between the electrical conductivity and the volume fraction of the precipitates, the phase transformation kinetics equation was deduced from the Avrami empiricai formula. On the basis of this equation, transformation kinetics curves corresponding to 5% and 50% transformation were established.
文摘OBJECTIVE To study the clinical features and significant prognostic factors for primary breast lymphoma (PBL).METHODS A retrospective clinical analysis of 15 patients with PBL and a statistical analysis of 134 cases with PBL were performed.RESULTS All 15 patients, but one, were female with a median age of 42years. None were diagnosed with PBL preoperatively. Pathological studyshowed that all cases were non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with the DLCL type(53.3%). The right breast was affected in 10 patients, the left in 4 and both inone. A statistical analysis showed that the size of tumors and treatmentpattern (single or multi-modality) were significant prognostic factors inpredicting the survival time, but the location of the tumor at initialpresentation and the age of the patients were not.CONCLUSION Most PBLs are NHL. The right breast is more frequently involved. The correct diagnosis depends mostly on postoperative pathology. The size of the tumor and the modality of treatment are significant prognostic factors.
文摘To aid in management of Cunninghamia lanceolata,the main timber species in Southern China,its variation of spatial distribution pattern was analyzed.Three permanent plots of C.lanceolata plantations with approximately the same site conditions,set by China continuous forest inventory in Shunchang,Fujian,were selected. C.lanceolata growth was divided into two stages: young trees(5 cm≤diameter at breast height (DBH)【10 cm) and mature trees(DBH≥10 cm). The DBH and coordinates of every tree(DBH≥5 cm) in the permanent plots were recorded in 2003 and 2008.The function L(r),improvement of Ripley’s K(r),the paircorrelation function g(r),and the uniform angle index(W_i) were used to analyze the spatio-temporal variation of spatial distribution patterns.The three permanent plots had mean uniform angle index(W) between 0.494-0.578 at low altitudes,0.465-0.477 at medium altitudes,and 0.426-0.601 at high altitudes.Results showed that altitude did not affect the spatial distribution pattern. The L(r ) and g(r) function curves of mature trees were generally lower than young trees’,i.e.tend to be more random or uniform distribution.So regardless of the initial distribution of young or mature trees,with the passage of time,there was a tendency for the aggregated distribution to change to a random distribution,and a random distribution to change to a uniform distribution.
文摘Objective:To further illuminate a possibme mechanism of Fas/FasL in the treatment of psoriasis, the expression of it and apoptosis of KC were investigated. Methods: With cell culture,immunocytochemistry, the expression of Fas/FasL protein after the treatment with etretin was observed in cultured human normal keratinocytes. Then, the state of apoptosis in cultured keratinocyte after stimulation with etretin was detected with FACS(Fluorescence Activited Cell Sortor). Results:① There was no expression of Fas/FasL protein in the cultured normal human KC. ②After the treatment with etretin, the strongest expression of FasL protein appeared after 16h,so did Fas after 40h.③ The higher the concentration of etretin,the stronger the expression of Fas/FasL protien.Under the same condition,the expression of Fas is stronger than that of FasL.④ Keratinocytes' apoptosis occurred after stimulation with etretin. Conclusion: Fas/FasL system wasn't involved in apoptosis in cultured normol human keratinocytes.But during limited period, the apoptosis of KC could be induced by (etretin),thus it can antagonize benign proliferate of keratinocytes.Our data showed up-regulation of the expression of Fas/FasL and apoptosis in cultured human keratinocytes stimulated by etretin, and its function may be involved in the therapeutic machanism of psoriasis.
文摘The kinetics of internal oxidation of Cu-Al alloy cylinders, containing up to 2.214mol% Al, were investigated in the temperature range of 1023 K to 1273 K, and the depth of internal oxidation was measured in the microscopy. A kinetic equation was derived to describe the internal oxidation of Cu-Al alloy cylinders. For the internal oxidation of Cu-Al alloys employed in the synthesis of alumina dispersion strengthened copper, the kinetic equation can be simplified. The derived equation was checked experimentally by means of oxidation depth measurements and the results show that the derived equation is exact enough to describe the kinetics of internal oxidation of Cu-Al alloy cylinders. Based on this equation and the oxidation depth measurements, the permeability of oxygen in solid copper was obtained. Investigation also shows that there is no evidence for preferential diffusion along grain boundaries in the process of internal oxidation.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.30370315,No.30171044 and Medical and pharmaceutical Research Fund of PLA,No.01MA185
文摘AIM: To investigate the expression of NDRG2 and mutation of the entire coding region of NDRG2 in human liver and pancreatic cancers, and to further discuss the possible causes of NDRG2 distinct expression patterns.METHODS: Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to analyze the expression of NDRG2 mRNA in 37 fresh cancer specimens (including 8 cases of pancreatic cancer and 29 cases of liver cancer) and adjacent normal tissues collected from clinical operation. In addition,mutation analysis of the whole coding region of NDRG2 in these cancers was examined by polymerase chain reactionsingle strand conformational polymorphism (PCR-SSCP).RESULTS: Compared with adjacent normal tissues, the expression levels of NDRG2 mRNA in corresponding cancer tissues reduced significantly (pancreatic cancer: 0.680±0.112 vs 2.089±0.214, P<0.01) (liver cancer: 0.894±0.098 vs 1.345±0.177, P<0.05). Using PCR-SSCP, the mutation of the whole coding region of NDRG2 was not found in those cancer tissues where the expression of NDRG2 mRNA reduced markedly.CONCLUSION: NDRG2 gene might express differently between normal tissues and cancer tissues, and might play an important role in the development of pancreatic cancer and liver cancer. Low expression of NDRG2 might be unrelated to the mutation of coding region of NDRG2.
基金key Project in Scientific and Technological Researches of Hubei Province,No.2001AA308B
文摘AIM: To investigate the ameliorative effects of sodium ferulate (SF) on acetic acid-induced colitis and their mechanisms in rats.METHODS: The colitis model of Sprague-Dawley rats was induced by intracolon enema with 8 % (WV) of acetic acid.The experimental animals were randomly divided into model control, 5-aminosalicylic acid therapy group and three dose of SF therapy groups. The 5 groups were treated intracolonically and daily (8:00 am) for 7 days 24 h following the induction of colitis. A normal control group of rats clystered with normal saline instead of acetic acid was also included in the study.Pathological changes of the colonic mucosa were evaluated by the colon mucosa damage index (CMDI) and the histopathological score (HS). The insulted colonic mucosa was sampled for a variety of determinations at the end of experiment when the animals were sacrificed by decapitation.Colonic activities of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), and levels of malondialdehyde (MDA)and nitric oxide (NO) were assayed with ultraviolet spectrophotometry. Colonic contents of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and thromboxane B2 (TXB2)were determined by radioimmunoassay. The expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) p65 proteins in the colonic tissue were detected with immunohistochemistry.RESULTS: Enhanced colonic mucosal injury, inflammatory response and oxidative stress were observed in the animals clystered with acetic acid, which manifested as the significant increase of CMDI, HS, MPO activities, MDA and NO levels,PGE2 and TXB2 contents, as well as the expressions of iNOS,COX-2 and NF-κB p65 proteins in the colonic mucosa,although the colonic SOD activity was significantly decreased compared with the normal control (CMDI: 2.9±0.6 vs0.0±0.0;HS: 4.3±0.9 vs0.7±1.1; MPO: 98.1±26.9 vs24.8±11.5; MDA:57.53±12.36 vs9.21±3.85; NO: 0.331±0.092 vs0.176±0.045;PGE2: 186.2±96.2 vs 42.8±32.8; TXB2: 34.26±13.51 vs 8.83±3.75; iNOS: 0.365±0.026 vs
基金the Natural Science Foundation of Guartgdong Province,No.984213Academic Foundation of Sun Yat-Sen University of Medical Sciences and Ministry of Health for Project 211,No.F000099075
文摘AIM: To investigate the expression of growth hormone receptor (GHR) and mRNA of GHR in cirrhotic livers of rats with the intension to find the basis for application of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) to patients with liver cirrhosis.METHODS: Hepatic cirrhosis was induced in SpragueDawley rats by administration of thioacetamide intraperitoneally for 9-12 weeks. Collagenase Ⅳ was perfused in situ for isolation of hepatocytes. The expression of GHR and its mRNA in cirrhotic livers was studied with radio-ligand binding assay, RT-PCR and digital image analysis.RESULTS: One class of specific growth hormone-binding site, GHR, was detected in hepatocytes and hepatic tissue of cirrhotic livers. The binding capacity of GHR (RT, fmol/mg protein) in rat cirrhotic liver tissue (30.8±1.9) was significantly lower than that in normal control (74.9±3.9) at the time point of the ninth week after initiation of induction of cirrhosis (n=10, P＜0.05), and it decreased gradually along with the accumulation of collagen in the process of formation and development of liver cirrhosis (P＜0.05). The number of binding sites (×10 4/cell) of GHR on rat cirrhotic hepatocytes (0.86±0.16) was significantly lower than that (1.28±0.24)in control (n= 10, P＜0.05). The binding affinity of GHR among liver tissue, hepatocytes of various groups had no significant difference (P＞0.05). The expression of GHR mRNA (riOD,pixel) in rat cirrhotic hepatic tissues (23.3±3.1) was also significantly lower than that (29.3±3.4) in normal control (n=10, P＜0.05).CONCLUSION: The growth hormone receptor was expressed in a reduced level in liver tissue of cirrhotic rats,and lesser expression of growth hormone receptors was found in a later stage of cirrhosis. The reduced expression of growth hormone receptor was partly due to its decreased expression on cirrhotic hepatocytes and the reduced expression of its mRNA in cirrhotic liver tissue.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.39925032
文摘AIM: To investigate the number, size, and status of lymph nodes within the mesorectum and to explore the prognostic significance of lymph node micrometastases in patients with rectal cancer. METHODS: Thirty-one patients with rectal cancer undergone total mesorectal excision between October 2001 and October 2002 were included. Mesorectal nodes retrieved from the resected specimens were detected with a combination of haematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and immunohistochemistry (IHC). The relations between lymph node metastases, micrometastases and postoperative recurrence were analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 548 lymph nodes were harvested, with 17.7±8.2 nodes per case. The average number of metastatic nodes in HE-positive patients and micrometastatic nodes in IHC-positive patients was 5.2±5.1 per case and 2.2±1.3 per case, respectively. The mean size of all nodes and metastatic nodes was 4.1±1.8mm and 5.2±1.7mm in diameter, respectively. The mean size of micrometastatic nodes was 3.9±1.4mm in diameter. The size of the majority of mesorectal nodes (66.8%), metastatic nodes (52.6%), and micrometastatic nodes (79.5%) was less than 5mm in diameter. During a median follow-up period of 24.6±4.7mo, 5 patients (16.7%) had recurrence, of them 2 died and 3 survived. Another case died of tumor unrelated cause and was excluded. All 5 recurrent cases had 3 or more nodes involved, and one of them developed only lymph node micrometastases. The mean number of both metastatic and micrometastatic nodes per case differed significantly between the recurrent and non-recurrent groups (P<0.01 and P=0.01, respectively). CONCLUSION: The majority of lymph nodes, metastatic, and micrometastatic lymph nodes within the mesorectum are smaller than 5mm in diameter. The nodal status and the number of lymph nodes involved with tumor metastases and micrometastases are related to the rapid postoperative recurrence.
基金Supported by Key Project in Scientific and Technological Researches of Hubei Province,No.2001AA308B
文摘AIM:To explore the abnormal function of platelets and the role of angelica sinensis injection (ASI) in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC).METHODS:In 39 patients with active UC, 25 patients with remissive UC and 30 healthy people, α-granule membrane protein (GMP-140) and thromboxane B2 (TXB2) were detected by means of ELISA, 6-keto-PGF1α was detected by radioimmunoassay, platelet count (PC) and 1min platelet aggregation rate (1min PAR) were detected by blood automatic tester and platelet aggregation tester respectively,and von Willebrand factor related antigen (vWF:Ag) was detected by the means of monoclonal-ELISA. The 64 patients with UC were divided into two therapy groups. After routine treatment and angelica sinensis injection (ASI)+routine treatment respectively for 3 weeks, all these parameters were also detected.RESULTS:The PC, 1min PAR and levels of GMP-140,TXB2, and vWF:Ag in active UC were significanrly higher than those in remissive UC and normal controls (P<0.05-0.01).Meanwhile, 1 min PAR and levels of GMP-140, TXB2,and vWF:Ag in remissive UC were still significantly higher than those in normal controls (P<0.05). Furthermore, 6-keto-PGF1-α level in active and remissive UC was remarkably lower than that in normal control (P<0.05-0.01). These parameters except 6-keto-PGF1α were significantly improved after the treatment in ASI therapy group (P<0.05-0.01),whereas they all were little changed in routine therapy group (P>0.05).CONCLUSION:Platelets can be significantly activated in UC,which might be related with vascular endothelium injury and imbalance between TXB2 and 6-keto-PGF1α in blood.ASI can significantly inhibit platelet activation, relieve vascular endothelial cell injury, and improve microcirculation in UC.
基金key Project in Scientific and Technological Researches of Hubei Province,No.2001AA308B
文摘AIM: To study the effect of angelica sinensis polysaccharide (ASP) on immunological colon injury and its mechanisms in rats.METHODS: Immunological colitis model of rats was induced by intracolon enema with 2, 4, 6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) and ethanol. The experimental animals were randomly divided into normal control, model control, 5-aminosalicylic acid therapy groups and three doses of ASP therapy groups. The 6 groups were treated intracolonically with normal saline, normal saline, 5-aminosalicylic acid (100 mg.kg-1), and ASP daily (8:00 am) at the doses of 200, 400 and 800 mg.kg-1 respectively for 21 days 7 d following induction of colitis. The rat colon mucosa damage index (CMDI), the histopathological score (HS), the score of occult blood test (OBT), and the colonic MPO activity were evaluated. The levels of SOD, MDA, NO, TNF-α, IL-2 and IL-10 in colonic tissues were detected biochemically and immunoradiometrically. The expressions of TGF-β and EGF in colonic tissues were also determined immunochemically.RESULTS: Enhanced colonic mucosal injury, inflammatory response and oxidative stress were observed in colitis rats,which manifested as significant increases of CMDI, HS, OBT,MPO activity, MDA and NO contents, as well as the levels of TNF-α and IL-2 in colonic tissues, although colonic TGF-β protein expression, SOD activity and TL-10 content were significantly decreased compared with the normal control (P＜0.01). However, these parameters were found to be significantly ameliorated in colitis rats treated intracolicly with ASP at the doses of 400 and 800 mg@kg-1 (P＜0.05-0.01).Meantime, colonic EGF protein expression in colitis rats was remarkably up-regulated.CONCLUSION: ASP has a protective effect on immunological colon injury induced by TNBS and ethanol enema in rats,which was propably due to the mechanism of antioxidation,immunomodulation and promotion of wound repair.
文摘<abstract>Aim: To study the expression and regulation of Smadl, Smad2 and Smad4 proteins (intracellular signaling molecules of transforming growth factor-β family) in rat testis during postnatal development. Methods: The whole testes were collected from SD rats aged 3, 7, 14, 28 and 90 (adult) days. The cellular localization and developmental changes were examined by immunohistochemistry ABC method with the glucose oxidase-DAB-nickel enhancement technique. Quantitative analysis of the immunostaining was made by the image analysis system. The Smads proteins coexistence in the adult rat testis was tested by the double immune staining for CD14-Smad4 and Smad2-Smad4. The protein expression of Smad during rat testicular development was examined by means of Western blots. Results: Smadl, Smad2 and Smad4 were present throughout testicular development. The immunostaining of Smadl and Smad2 were present in spermatogenic cells. A positive immunoreactivity was located at the cytoplasm, but the nucleus was negative. Smadl was immunolocalized at the d14, d28 and adult testes, while Smad2, at the d7, d14, d28 and adult testis. There was positive irnmunoreaction in the Sertoli cells and Leydig cells as well. The immunolocalization of Smad4 was exclusively at the cytoplasm of Leydig cells and the nuclei were negative throughout the testicular development. No expression was detected in the germ cells. The results of image and statistical analysis showed that generally the expression of Smadl, Smad2 and Smad4 in the testis tended to increase gradually with the growth of the rat. Conclusion: The present data provide direct evidences for the molecular mechanism of TGF-βaction in rat testes during postnatal development and spermatogenesis.
基金Supported by the Key Project of National Outstanding Youth Foundation of China,No.39925032 and National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.30271283
文摘AIM: To assess the microscopic spread of low rectal cancer in mesorectum regions to provide pathological evidence for the necessity of total mesorectal excision (TME). METHODS: A total of 62 patients with low rectal cancer underwent low anterior resection and TME, surgical specimens were sliced transversely on the serial embedded blocks at 2.5 mm interval, and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE). The mesorectum on whole-mount sections was divided into three regions: outer region of mesorectum (ORM), middle region of mesorectum (MRM) and inner region of mesorectum (IRM). Microscopic metastatic foci were investigated microscopically on the sections for the metastatic mesorectal regions, frequency, types, involvement of lymphatic vessels and correlation with the original rectal cancer. RESULTS: Microscopic spread of the tumor in mesorectum and ORM was observed in 38.7% (24/62) and 25.8% (16/62) of the patients, respectively. Circumferential resection margin (CRM) with involvement of microscopic metastaticfoci occurred in 6.5% (4/62) of the patients, and distal mesorectum (DMR) involved was 6.5% (4/62) with the spread extent within 3 cm of low board of the main lesions. Most (20/24) of the patients with microscopic metastasis in mesorectum were in Dukes C stage. CONCLUSION: Results of the present study support that complete excision of the mesorectum without destruction of the ORM is essential for surgical management of low rectal cancer, an optimal DMR clearance resection margin should be no less than 4 cm, further pathologic assessment of the regions in extramesorectum in the pelvis is needed.
文摘AIM: To describe the eplclemlologlcal Teatures or peptic ulcer disease in Wuhan area during 1997-2002, to analyze the sex, age and occupation characteristics, as well as the geographic distribution of peptic ulcer disease, and to determine the effective methods of preventing and controlling peptic ulcer disease. METHODS: In the early 1980s, the peptic ulcer disease registry system was established to collect the data of peptic ulcer disease in Wuhan area. Here we performed a statistically detailed analysis of 4876 cases of peptic ulcer disease during 1997-2002. RESULTS: The morbidity of peptic ulcer disease between males and females was significantly different (x^2=337.9, P<0.001). The majority of peptic ulcer diseases were found at the age of 20 to 50 years. Because of different occupations, the incidence of peptic ulcer disease was different in different areas. CONCLUSION: The incidence of peptic ulcer disease is highly associated with sex, age, occupation and geographic environmental factors. By analyzing the epidemiological features of peptic ulcer disease, we can provide the scientific data for prevention and control of peptic ulcer disease.
