"Urban spatial growth management(USGM)" is developed from "urban growth management(UGM)",and is more specific on urban space than UGM.An urban spatial plan can achieve its goals in virtue of USGM.T..."Urban spatial growth management(USGM)" is developed from "urban growth management(UGM)",and is more specific on urban space than UGM.An urban spatial plan can achieve its goals in virtue of USGM.This paper reviews the research on urban growth management both in China and abroad,and then puts forwards the development issue of USGM in China which requires further study in two main aspects:systemic research on the basic theories of USGM with Chinese characteristics,and the utilization of modern techniques to examine the effectiveness of USGM.In turn,the methods to develop the modeling and analysis techniques of USGM are discussed.展开更多
1. Background Today the rural land use in China calls for major concerns. Villages in suburban areas, due to their special location, are experiencing dramatic changes on
This paper presents an indirect boundary integration equation method for diffraction of plane SV waves by a 2-D cavity in a poroelastic half-space.The Green＇s functions of compressive and shear wave sources are deriv...This paper presents an indirect boundary integration equation method for diffraction of plane SV waves by a 2-D cavity in a poroelastic half-space.The Green＇s functions of compressive and shear wave sources are derived based on Biot＇s theory. The scattered waves are constructed using fictitious wave sources close to the boundary of the cavity, and their magnitudes are determined by the boundary conditions. Verification of the accuracy is performed by： （1） checking the satisfaction extent of the boundary conditions, （2） comparing the degenerated solutions of a single-phased case with well- known solutions, and （3） examining the numerical stability of the solutions. The nature of diffraction of plane SV waves around a cavity in a poroelastic half-space is investigated by numerical examples.展开更多
本系列专栏为临床医生和科学家提供最新的文献纵览,将近期有关变态反应及免疫学领域的重要研究进展列成清单。本次内容主要涵盖嗜酸性粒细胞。为了着重突出嗜酸性粒细胞生物学基础及临床研究方面的主要概念、主题、趋势和进展,对2015年...本系列专栏为临床医生和科学家提供最新的文献纵览,将近期有关变态反应及免疫学领域的重要研究进展列成清单。本次内容主要涵盖嗜酸性粒细胞。为了着重突出嗜酸性粒细胞生物学基础及临床研究方面的主要概念、主题、趋势和进展,对2015年以来发表在《变态反应及临床免疫学杂志(the Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)》以及其他高影响力期刊上的相关文章进行综述和和总结。由于篇幅有限,许多优秀的文章无法包括在内,但仍希望下面的内容能够涵盖近期发表的文献的概述,这些文献大大增加了我们对嗜酸性粒细胞及相关疾病的了解。展开更多
Random vibration control is aimed at reproducing the power spectral density （PSD） at specified control points. The classical frequency-spectrum equalization algorithm needs to compute the average of the multiple fre...Random vibration control is aimed at reproducing the power spectral density （PSD） at specified control points. The classical frequency-spectrum equalization algorithm needs to compute the average of the multiple frequency response functions （FRFs）, which lengthens the control loop time in the equalization process. Likewise, the feedback control algorithm has a very slow convergence rate due to the small value of the feedback gain parameter to ensure stability of the system. To overcome these limitations, an adaptive inverse control of random vibrations based on the filtered-X least mean-square （LMS） algorithm is proposed. Furthermore, according to the description and iteration characteristics of random vibration tests in the frequency domain, the frequency domain LMS algorithm is adopted to refine the inverse characteristics of the FRF instead of the traditional time domain LMS algorithm. This inverse characteristic, which is called the impedance function of the system under control, is used to update the drive PSD directly. The test results indicated that in addition to successfully avoiding the instability problem that occurs during the iteration process, the adaptive control strategy minimizes the amount of time needed to obtain a short control loop and achieve equalization.展开更多
1. Background The construction of Sino-Singapore Ecological Science and Technology Town (SSESTT), which is a part of Suzhou Industrial Park, was initiated in 2005 under the circumstance of rapid
This paper focuses on developing an online structural condition assessment technique using long-term monitoring data measured by a structural health monitoring system. The seasonal correlations of frequency-temperatur...This paper focuses on developing an online structural condition assessment technique using long-term monitoring data measured by a structural health monitoring system. The seasonal correlations of frequency-temperature and beam-end displacement-temperature for the Runyang Suspension Bridge are performed, first. Then, a statistical modeling technique using a six-order polynomial is further applied to formulate the correlations of frequency-temperature and displacement-temperature, from which abnormal changes of measured frequencies and displacements are detected using the mean value control chart. Analysis results show that modal frequencies of higher vibration modes and displacements have remarkable seasonal correlations with the environmental temperature and the proposed method exhibits a good capability for detecting the micro damage-induced changes of modal frequencies and displacements. The results demonstrate that the proposed method can effectively eliminate temperature complications from frequency and displacement time series and is well suited for online condition monitoring of long-span suspension bridges.展开更多
1. Literature review Crime in parking areas is recognized as a serious problem in many countries, especially those with extensive car usage where crime prevention through envi-
In China, central towns are an important pitch point in the urban system of a city or county. The cultivation and development of central towns is significant in completing the urban system structure and improving the ...In China, central towns are an important pitch point in the urban system of a city or county. The cultivation and development of central towns is significant in completing the urban system structure and improving the overall quality of urban-rural development of a city or county. In the Municipality of Shiyan, a mountainous region in Hubei Province, the designation of central towns should not be mechanically accomplished through applying the methodology used in plain areas, but with particular focus on the location and transportation of the towns. Based on the analysis of comprehensive development potential, 14 central towns are finally designated in Shiyan in view of their favorable location and the requirement of coordinated regional development. Development strategies are also proposed for them which include the improvement of urban functions, the differentiation of development modes, the growth of industrial clusters, the development of environmental-friendly industries, the standard configuration of public service facilities, and the institutional reform and innovation which would ensure the realization of the central towns' function of agglomeration and radiation.展开更多
背景：动脉粥样硬化血栓形成是导致心血管疾病和死亡的主要原因。至今，尚无国际数据库阐述动脉粥样硬化血栓形成患者动脉硬化危险因素的特征和治疗强度。
目的：确定动脉粥样硬化危险因素的发生及治疗在世界许多国家是否具有可比性。...背景：动脉粥样硬化血栓形成是导致心血管疾病和死亡的主要原因。至今，尚无国际数据库阐述动脉粥样硬化血栓形成患者动脉硬化危险因素的特征和治疗强度。
目的：确定动脉粥样硬化危险因素的发生及治疗在世界许多国家是否具有可比性。设计、地点及参试者：“降低动脉粥样硬化血栓形成保持健康研究”（Reduction of Atherothrombosis for Continued Health，REACH）搜集了动脉粥样硬化危险因素及治疗情况的数据。从2003年到2004年，44个国家、5473位内科从业医师总共发现67888例年龄≥45岁的动脉病患者（冠心病[coronaryartery disease，CAD]，n=40258；脑血管病，n=18843；周围动脉病，n=8273）或≥3个动脉粥样硬化血栓形成危险因素（n=12389）。主要观测指标：动脉粥样硬化危险因素的基线发生率、药物应用情况及危险因素控制程度。结果：全世界动脉粥样硬化血栓形成患者具有相似的危险因素，即高血压（81．8％）、高胆固醇血症（72．4％）以及糖尿病（44．3％）的比例高。超重（39．8％）、肥胖（26．6％）以及病态肥胖（3．6％）的发生率在大部分地区相似，但是以北美最高（超重：37．1％，肥胖：36．5％，病态肥胖：5．8％；与其他地区比较P〈0．001）。患者采用他汀（总共69．4％；范围：从脑血管病的56．4％到CAD的76．2％）、抗血小板治疗（总共78．6％；范围：从≥3个危险因素的53．9％到CAD的85．6％）及其他循证（降低危险）普遍不足。确诊有血管病的患者在吸烟者为数可观（14．4％）。高血压病治疗不足（基线50．0％血压升高）、高血糖诊断不足（4．9％）以及空腹血糖受损（其中36．5％不知已有糖尿病）均很常见。在有症状的动脉粥样硬化血栓形成患者中，15．9％是有症状的多血管疾病患者。
结论：这项当代大型国际数据库研究显示�展开更多
This paper describes an experimental study of the hysteretic behavior of prestressed truss concrete composite beams （PTCCBs） under cyclic loading. Five beam models were designed and tested, in which the testing para...This paper describes an experimental study of the hysteretic behavior of prestressed truss concrete composite beams （PTCCBs） under cyclic loading. Five beam models were designed and tested, in which the testing parameters include the global reinforcement index β0, the prestress level 2 and the ratio of stirrup ρsv in the potential plastic hinge zones. Based on the test results, the failure mode and hysteretic behavior of the tested models are obtained. In addition, the P-△ and sectional M-φ hysteretic models for the PTCCBs at the midspan are established. The P-△ hysteretic model shows good agreement with the test results.展开更多
In the past decade, the transfer of development rights (referred to TDR hereafter) has been emerged and developed to a large scale amid China's fast urbanization. Different from the practices in countries with pri...In the past decade, the transfer of development rights (referred to TDR hereafter) has been emerged and developed to a large scale amid China's fast urbanization. Different from the practices in countries with private land ownership like the United States, the practices of TDR in China are still dominated by local governments, which are trying hard to obtain extra construction land-use quota under China's current centralized land management system since the late 1990s. In this process, the land-use efficiency may be improved at the prices of social equity and harmony.展开更多
The high prevalence of myopia and its public health and clinical consequences make prevention of myopia a top priority.Traditional approaches to prevention have been based on reducing accommodative load,and have gener...The high prevalence of myopia and its public health and clinical consequences make prevention of myopia a top priority.Traditional approaches to prevention have been based on reducing accommodative load,and have generally been unsuccessful.Only treatment with atropine eye-drops has produced clinically significant effects,.which are however of limited duration and suffer from potential side-effects.In addition,based on animal experimentation,.it is now clear that atropine blocks eye growth by mechanisms which do not involve accommodation..More generally,.experimentation on animal models of myopia has shown that accommodation is not im-portant for the control of eye growth,whereas exposure to hyperopic (growth-promoting) and myopic (growth-inhibit-ing) defocus is more important.Recent epidemiological evi-dence has also questioned the importance of near work,al-though education is clearly important.This suggests a preven-tive approach based on deliberately increasing the amount of myopic defocus a child is exposed to may be successful.There is also convincing evidence that children who spend more time outside are less likely to become myopic,which also suggests a quite non-invasive approach to prevention.These new directions need to be pursued.展开更多
基金supported in part by the National Philosophy and Social Science Foundation of China (No.09BZZ045)in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.50808089)
文摘"Urban spatial growth management(USGM)" is developed from "urban growth management(UGM)",and is more specific on urban space than UGM.An urban spatial plan can achieve its goals in virtue of USGM.This paper reviews the research on urban growth management both in China and abroad,and then puts forwards the development issue of USGM in China which requires further study in two main aspects:systemic research on the basic theories of USGM with Chinese characteristics,and the utilization of modern techniques to examine the effectiveness of USGM.In turn,the methods to develop the modeling and analysis techniques of USGM are discussed.
文摘1. Background Today the rural land use in China calls for major concerns. Villages in suburban areas, due to their special location, are experiencing dramatic changes on
基金Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University Under Grant No. NCET-05-0248the Key Program for Applied Basic Research of Tianjin Municipality Under Grant No. 07JCZDJC10100
文摘This paper presents an indirect boundary integration equation method for diffraction of plane SV waves by a 2-D cavity in a poroelastic half-space.The Green＇s functions of compressive and shear wave sources are derived based on Biot＇s theory. The scattered waves are constructed using fictitious wave sources close to the boundary of the cavity, and their magnitudes are determined by the boundary conditions. Verification of the accuracy is performed by： （1） checking the satisfaction extent of the boundary conditions, （2） comparing the degenerated solutions of a single-phased case with well- known solutions, and （3） examining the numerical stability of the solutions. The nature of diffraction of plane SV waves around a cavity in a poroelastic half-space is investigated by numerical examples.
文摘本系列专栏为临床医生和科学家提供最新的文献纵览,将近期有关变态反应及免疫学领域的重要研究进展列成清单。本次内容主要涵盖嗜酸性粒细胞。为了着重突出嗜酸性粒细胞生物学基础及临床研究方面的主要概念、主题、趋势和进展,对2015年以来发表在《变态反应及临床免疫学杂志(the Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)》以及其他高影响力期刊上的相关文章进行综述和和总结。由于篇幅有限,许多优秀的文章无法包括在内,但仍希望下面的内容能够涵盖近期发表的文献的概述,这些文献大大增加了我们对嗜酸性粒细胞及相关疾病的了解。
基金Program for New Century Excellent Talents in Universities Under Grant No.NCET-04-0325
文摘Random vibration control is aimed at reproducing the power spectral density （PSD） at specified control points. The classical frequency-spectrum equalization algorithm needs to compute the average of the multiple frequency response functions （FRFs）, which lengthens the control loop time in the equalization process. Likewise, the feedback control algorithm has a very slow convergence rate due to the small value of the feedback gain parameter to ensure stability of the system. To overcome these limitations, an adaptive inverse control of random vibrations based on the filtered-X least mean-square （LMS） algorithm is proposed. Furthermore, according to the description and iteration characteristics of random vibration tests in the frequency domain, the frequency domain LMS algorithm is adopted to refine the inverse characteristics of the FRF instead of the traditional time domain LMS algorithm. This inverse characteristic, which is called the impedance function of the system under control, is used to update the drive PSD directly. The test results indicated that in addition to successfully avoiding the instability problem that occurs during the iteration process, the adaptive control strategy minimizes the amount of time needed to obtain a short control loop and achieve equalization.
文摘1. Background The construction of Sino-Singapore Ecological Science and Technology Town (SSESTT), which is a part of Suzhou Industrial Park, was initiated in 2005 under the circumstance of rapid
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China Under Grant No.50725828 & No.50808041PhD Programs Foundation of Ministry of Education of China Under Grant No. 200802861011Scientific Research Foundation of Graduate School of Southeast University Under Grant No.YBJJ0923
文摘This paper focuses on developing an online structural condition assessment technique using long-term monitoring data measured by a structural health monitoring system. The seasonal correlations of frequency-temperature and beam-end displacement-temperature for the Runyang Suspension Bridge are performed, first. Then, a statistical modeling technique using a six-order polynomial is further applied to formulate the correlations of frequency-temperature and displacement-temperature, from which abnormal changes of measured frequencies and displacements are detected using the mean value control chart. Analysis results show that modal frequencies of higher vibration modes and displacements have remarkable seasonal correlations with the environmental temperature and the proposed method exhibits a good capability for detecting the micro damage-induced changes of modal frequencies and displacements. The results demonstrate that the proposed method can effectively eliminate temperature complications from frequency and displacement time series and is well suited for online condition monitoring of long-span suspension bridges.
文摘1. Literature review Crime in parking areas is recognized as a serious problem in many countries, especially those with extensive car usage where crime prevention through envi-
文摘In China, central towns are an important pitch point in the urban system of a city or county. The cultivation and development of central towns is significant in completing the urban system structure and improving the overall quality of urban-rural development of a city or county. In the Municipality of Shiyan, a mountainous region in Hubei Province, the designation of central towns should not be mechanically accomplished through applying the methodology used in plain areas, but with particular focus on the location and transportation of the towns. Based on the analysis of comprehensive development potential, 14 central towns are finally designated in Shiyan in view of their favorable location and the requirement of coordinated regional development. Development strategies are also proposed for them which include the improvement of urban functions, the differentiation of development modes, the growth of industrial clusters, the development of environmental-friendly industries, the standard configuration of public service facilities, and the institutional reform and innovation which would ensure the realization of the central towns' function of agglomeration and radiation.
文摘背景：动脉粥样硬化血栓形成是导致心血管疾病和死亡的主要原因。至今，尚无国际数据库阐述动脉粥样硬化血栓形成患者动脉硬化危险因素的特征和治疗强度。
目的：确定动脉粥样硬化危险因素的发生及治疗在世界许多国家是否具有可比性。设计、地点及参试者：“降低动脉粥样硬化血栓形成保持健康研究”（Reduction of Atherothrombosis for Continued Health，REACH）搜集了动脉粥样硬化危险因素及治疗情况的数据。从2003年到2004年，44个国家、5473位内科从业医师总共发现67888例年龄≥45岁的动脉病患者（冠心病[coronaryartery disease，CAD]，n=40258；脑血管病，n=18843；周围动脉病，n=8273）或≥3个动脉粥样硬化血栓形成危险因素（n=12389）。主要观测指标：动脉粥样硬化危险因素的基线发生率、药物应用情况及危险因素控制程度。结果：全世界动脉粥样硬化血栓形成患者具有相似的危险因素，即高血压（81．8％）、高胆固醇血症（72．4％）以及糖尿病（44．3％）的比例高。超重（39．8％）、肥胖（26．6％）以及病态肥胖（3．6％）的发生率在大部分地区相似，但是以北美最高（超重：37．1％，肥胖：36．5％，病态肥胖：5．8％；与其他地区比较P〈0．001）。患者采用他汀（总共69．4％；范围：从脑血管病的56．4％到CAD的76．2％）、抗血小板治疗（总共78．6％；范围：从≥3个危险因素的53．9％到CAD的85．6％）及其他循证（降低危险）普遍不足。确诊有血管病的患者在吸烟者为数可观（14．4％）。高血压病治疗不足（基线50．0％血压升高）、高血糖诊断不足（4．9％）以及空腹血糖受损（其中36．5％不知已有糖尿病）均很常见。在有症状的动脉粥样硬化血栓形成患者中，15．9％是有症状的多血管疾病患者。
结论：这项当代大型国际数据库研究显示�
基金National Science and Technology Support Program Subtopics Under Grant No.2006BAJ03A10-07Changjiang Scholars Program of China
文摘This paper describes an experimental study of the hysteretic behavior of prestressed truss concrete composite beams （PTCCBs） under cyclic loading. Five beam models were designed and tested, in which the testing parameters include the global reinforcement index β0, the prestress level 2 and the ratio of stirrup ρsv in the potential plastic hinge zones. Based on the test results, the failure mode and hysteretic behavior of the tested models are obtained. In addition, the P-△ and sectional M-φ hysteretic models for the PTCCBs at the midspan are established. The P-△ hysteretic model shows good agreement with the test results.
文摘In the past decade, the transfer of development rights (referred to TDR hereafter) has been emerged and developed to a large scale amid China's fast urbanization. Different from the practices in countries with private land ownership like the United States, the practices of TDR in China are still dominated by local governments, which are trying hard to obtain extra construction land-use quota under China's current centralized land management system since the late 1990s. In this process, the land-use efficiency may be improved at the prices of social equity and harmony.
文摘The high prevalence of myopia and its public health and clinical consequences make prevention of myopia a top priority.Traditional approaches to prevention have been based on reducing accommodative load,and have generally been unsuccessful.Only treatment with atropine eye-drops has produced clinically significant effects,.which are however of limited duration and suffer from potential side-effects.In addition,based on animal experimentation,.it is now clear that atropine blocks eye growth by mechanisms which do not involve accommodation..More generally,.experimentation on animal models of myopia has shown that accommodation is not im-portant for the control of eye growth,whereas exposure to hyperopic (growth-promoting) and myopic (growth-inhibit-ing) defocus is more important.Recent epidemiological evi-dence has also questioned the importance of near work,al-though education is clearly important.This suggests a preven-tive approach based on deliberately increasing the amount of myopic defocus a child is exposed to may be successful.There is also convincing evidence that children who spend more time outside are less likely to become myopic,which also suggests a quite non-invasive approach to prevention.These new directions need to be pursued.
