Animal and clinical studies have confirmed the therapeutic effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on cerebral ischemia, but their mechanisms of action remain poorly understood. Here, we summarize the transplanta...Animal and clinical studies have confirmed the therapeutic effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on cerebral ischemia, but their mechanisms of action remain poorly understood. Here, we summarize the transplantation approaches, directional migration, differentiation, replacement, neural circuit reconstruction,angiogenesis, neurotrophic factor secretion, apoptosis, immunomodulation, multiple mechanisms of action,and optimization strategies for bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of ischemic stroke.We also explore the safety of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation and conclude that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation is an important direction for future treatment of cerebral ischemia. Determining the optimal timing and dose for the transplantation are important directions for future research.展开更多
: The plant phytohormone cytokinin plays an important role in many facets of plant growth and development by regulating cell division and differentiation. Recent studies have shed significant light into the mechanisms...: The plant phytohormone cytokinin plays an important role in many facets of plant growth and development by regulating cell division and differentiation. Recent studies have shed significant light into the mechanisms of cytokinin metabolism and signaling. However, little is known about how the hormone is transported in planta, although it has been proposed that the hormone is presumably transported in nucleoside-conjugated forms. Here, we report the identification and characterization of cytokinin transporters in Arabidopsis. We previously reported that a gain-of-function mutation in the PGA22/AtIPT8 gene caused overproduction of cytokinins in planta. In an effort to screen for suppressor of pga 22/atipt 8 (soi) mutants, we identified a mutant soi33-1. Molecular and genetic analyses indicated that SOI33 encodes a putative equilibrative nucleoside transporter (ENT), previously designated as AtENT8. Members of this small gene family are presumed to be involved in the transport of nucleosides in eukaryotic cells. Under conditions of nitrogen starvation, loss-of-function mutations in SOI33/AtENT8 or in a related gene AtENT3 cause a reduced sensitivity to the nucleoside-type cytokinins isopentenyladenine riboside (iPR) and transzeatin riboside (tZR), but display a normal response to the free base-type cytokinins isopentenyladenine (iP) and trans-zeatin (tZ). Conversely, overexpression of SOI33/AtENT8 renders transgenic plants hypersensitive to iPR but not to iP. An in planta measurement experiment indicated that uptake efficiency of 3H-labeled iPR was reduced more than 40% in soi33 and atent3 mutants. However, a mutation in AtENT1 had no substantial effect on the cytokinin response and iPR uptake efficiency. Our results suggest that SOI33/ AtENT8 and AtENT3 are involved in the transport of nucleoside-type cytokinins in Arabidopsis.展开更多
Evidence theory is widely used in the field of target recognition. The invalidation problem of this theory when dealing with highly conflict evidences is a research hotspot. Several alternatives of the combination rul...Evidence theory is widely used in the field of target recognition. The invalidation problem of this theory when dealing with highly conflict evidences is a research hotspot. Several alternatives of the combination rule are analyzed and compared. A new combination approach is proposed. Calculate the reliabilities of evidence sources using existing evidences. Construct reliabilities judge matrixes and get the weights of each evidence source. Weight average all inputted evidences. Combine processed evidences with D-S combination rule repeatedly to identify a target. The application in multi-sensor target reeognition as well as the comparison with typical alternatives all validated that this approach can dispose highly conflict evidences efficiently and get reasonable reeognition results rapidly.展开更多
Zinc oxide,a wide band-gap semiconductor,has shown extensive potential applications in high-efficiency semiconductor photoelectronic devices,semiconductor photocatalysis,and diluted magnetic semiconductors.Due to the ...Zinc oxide,a wide band-gap semiconductor,has shown extensive potential applications in high-efficiency semiconductor photoelectronic devices,semiconductor photocatalysis,and diluted magnetic semiconductors.Due to the undisputed lattice integrity,ZnO single crystals are essential for the fabrication of high-quality ZnO-based photoelectronic devices,and also believed to be ideal research subjects for understanding the underlying mechanisms of semiconductor photocatalysis and diluted magnetic semiconductors.This review,which is organized in two main parts,introduces the recent progress in growth,basic characterization,and device development of ZnO single crystals,and some related works in our group.The first part begins from the growth of ZnO single crystal,and summarizes the fundamental and applied investigations based on ZnO single crystals.These works are composed of the fabrication of homoepitaxial ZnO-based photoelectronic devices,the research on the photocatalysis mechanism,and dilute magnetic mechanism.The second part describes the fabrication of highly thermostable n-type ZnO with high mobility and high electron concentration through intentional doping.More importantly,in this part,a conceptual approach for fabricating highly thermostable p-type ZnO materials with high mobility through an integrated three-step treatment is proposed on the basis of the preliminary research.展开更多
Light plays a critical role in plant growth and development,but the mechanisms through which light regulates fruit ripening and nutritional quality in horticultural crops remain largely unknown.Here,we found that ELON...Light plays a critical role in plant growth and development,but the mechanisms through which light regulates fruit ripening and nutritional quality in horticultural crops remain largely unknown.Here,we found that ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5(HY5),a master regulator in the light signaling pathway,is required for normal fruit ripening in tomato(Solanum lycopersicum).Loss of function of tomato HY5(SlHY5)impairs pigment accumulation and ethylene biosynthesis.Transcriptome profiling identified 2948 differentially expressed genes,which included 1424 downregulated and 1524 upregulated genes,in the Slhy5 mutants.In addition,genes involved in carotenoid and anthocyanin biosynthesis and ethylene signaling were revealed as direct targets of SlHY5 by chromatin immunoprecipitation.Surprisingly,the expression of a large proportion of genes encoding ribosomal proteins was downregulated in the Slhy5 mutants,and this downregulation pattern was accompanied by a decrease in the abundance of ribosomal proteins.Further analysis demonstrated that SlHY5 affected the translation efficiency of numerous ripening-related genes.These data indicate that SlHY5 regulates fruit ripening both at the transcriptional level by targeting specific molecular pathways and at the translational level by affecting the protein translation machinery.Our findings unravel the regulatory mechanisms of SlHY5 in controlling fruit ripening and nutritional quality and uncover the multifaceted regulation of gene expression by transcription factors.展开更多
The pharmaceutical industry is now paying increased attention to continuous manufacturing.While the revolution to continuous and automated manufacturing is deepening in most of the top pharma companies in the world,th...The pharmaceutical industry is now paying increased attention to continuous manufacturing.While the revolution to continuous and automated manufacturing is deepening in most of the top pharma companies in the world,the advancement of automated pharmaceutical continuous manufacturing in China is relatively slow due to some key challenges including the lack of knowledge on the related technologies and shortage of qualified personnels.In this review,emphasis is given to two of the crucial technologies in automated pharmaceutical continuous manufacturing,i.e.,process analytical technology(PAT)and self-optimizing algorithm.Research work published in recent 5 years employing advanced PAT tools and self-optimization algorithms is introduced,which represents the great progress that has been made in automated pharmaceutical continuous manufacturing.展开更多
Erlotinib is an orally administered, highly effective, specific epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, used to treat non-small cell lung cancer and pancreatic cancer. The traditional synthetic met...Erlotinib is an orally administered, highly effective, specific epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, used to treat non-small cell lung cancer and pancreatic cancer. The traditional synthetic methods for Erlotinib exhibit long reaction time and safety concern. Herein, we describe a novel five-step route for the synthesis of Erlotinib in flow. These five steps comprise etherification, nitration, reduction,addition and cyclization reactions. All steps were optimized and converted to continuous flow process,which drastically reduces the reaction time and considerably improves the process safety as well as the total yield. Enabled by five continuous flow units, Erlotinib is efficiently afforded with an E-factor of 38,an overall yield of 83%, and a total residence time of 25.1 min. Majority steps in this process have been optimized for quantitative conversion, which offers the possibility of telescoping the entire process.展开更多
Recently,sand fences,made of high density polyethylene(HDPE)board,which is resistant against harsh plateau environmental conditions,could possibly be used to control the wind-blown sand along the Qinghai section of th...Recently,sand fences,made of high density polyethylene(HDPE)board,which is resistant against harsh plateau environmental conditions,could possibly be used to control the wind-blown sand along the Qinghai section of the Golmud-Korla Railway.In this paper,wind tunnel simulation was performed on the protective effect of multiple rows of HDPE board sand fences on wind-blown sand.Two parameters have been used to reflect the protective effect of sand fences,that is,windproof efficiency and sand control efficiency,referring to the reduction rates of wind speed at a height of 0.04 m and sand flux in a run of test with the fence compared those in the control run of test without it,respectively.The test results showed that when the porosity was 30%,the single-row sand fence had the best wind proof and sand control efficiency with respective values of 46%and 65.3%.The windproof efficiencies of double-row and triple-row sand fences at 20H were 59%and 62%,respectively.Compared with the windproof effi-ciency of the single-row sand fence,those of the two-row and three-row fences increased by 13%and 16%,respectively:The maximum sand control efficiency of the double-row and triple-row sand fences were 92.1%and 96.5%,increased by 26.8%and 31.2%,respectively,compared with that of the single-row sand fence.This study indicates that the sand control efficiency after adding one or two rows was not double or triple that of the single-row fence,while the first-row sand fence played a major protective role.Compared with the double-row sand fences,the effect of the third row sand fence in triple-row sand fences is limited,and thus double-row HDPE board sand fences with the porosity of 30%are rec-ommended to control wind-blown sand along the Qinghai section of the Golmud-Korla Railway.展开更多
Background Hematoma expansion is a determinant of poor outcome of intracerebral hemorrhage but occurs frequently,especially in warfarin-associated intracerebral hemorrhage(W-ICH).In the present study,we employ the war...Background Hematoma expansion is a determinant of poor outcome of intracerebral hemorrhage but occurs frequently,especially in warfarin-associated intracerebral hemorrhage(W-ICH).In the present study,we employ the warfarin-associated intracerebral hemorrhage(W-ICH)rat model,to explore the efficacy and potential mechanism of glibenclamide pretreatment on hematoma expansion after intracerebral hemorrhage,hoping to provide proof of concept that glibenclamide in stroke primary and secondary prevention is also potentially beneficial for intracerebral hemorrhage patients at early stage.Methods In the present study,we tested whether glibenclamide,a common hypoglycemic drug,could attenuate hematoma expansion in a rat model of W-ICH.Hematoma expansion was evaluated using magnetic resonance imaging;brain injury was evaluated by brain edema and neuronal death;and functional outcome was evaluated by neurological scores.Then blood-brain barrier integrity was assessed using Evans blue extravasation and tight junction-related protein.Results The data indicated that glibenclamide pretreatment significantly attenuated hematoma expansion at 24 h after W-ICH,thus mitigating brain edema and neuronal death and promoting neurological function recovery,which may benefit from alleviating blood-brain barrier disruption by suppressing matrix metallopeptidase-9.Conclusions The results indicate that glibenclamide pretreatment in stroke primary and secondary prevention might be a promising therapy for hematoma expansion at the early stage of W-ICH.展开更多
With the development of the integration of aviation safety and artificial intelligence,research on the combination of risk assessment and artificial intelligence is particularly important in the field of risk manageme...With the development of the integration of aviation safety and artificial intelligence,research on the combination of risk assessment and artificial intelligence is particularly important in the field of risk management,but searching for an efficient and accurate risk assessment algorithm has become a challenge for the civil aviation industry.Therefore,an improved risk assessment algorithm(PS-AE-LSTM)based on long short-term memory network(LSTM)with autoencoder(AE)is proposed for the various supervised deep learning algorithms in flight safety that cannot adequately address the problem of the quality on risk level labels.Firstly,based on the normal distribution characteristics of flight data,a probability severity(PS)model is established to enhance the quality of risk assessment labels.Secondly,autoencoder is introduced to reconstruct the flight parameter data to improve the data quality.Finally,utilizing the time-series nature of flight data,a long and short-termmemory network is used to classify the risk level and improve the accuracy of risk assessment.Thus,a risk assessment experimentwas conducted to analyze a fleet landing phase dataset using the PS-AE-LSTMalgorithm to assess the risk level associated with aircraft hard landing events.The results show that the proposed algorithm achieves an accuracy of 86.45%compared with seven baseline models and has excellent risk assessment capability.展开更多
RNA-binding proteins(RBPs)are components of the post-transcriptional regulatory system,but their regulatory effects on complex traits remain unknown.Using an integrated strategy involving map-based cloning,functional ...RNA-binding proteins(RBPs)are components of the post-transcriptional regulatory system,but their regulatory effects on complex traits remain unknown.Using an integrated strategy involving map-based cloning,functional characterizations,and transcriptomic and population genomic analyses,we revealed that RBP-K(LOC_Os08g23120),RBP-A(LOC_Os11g41890),and RBP-J(LOC_Os10g33230)encode proteins that form an RBP-A-J-K complex that negatively regulates rice yield-related traits.Examinations of the RBP-A-J-K complex indicated RBP-K functions as a relatively non-specific RBP chaperone that enables RBP-A and RBP-J to function normally.Additionally,RBP-J most likely affects GA pathways,resulting in considerable increases in grain and panicle lengths,but decreases in grain width and thickness.In contrast,RBP-A negatively regulates the expression of genes most likely involved in auxin-regulated pathways controlling cell wall elongation and carbohydrate transport,with substantial effects on the rice grain filling process as well as grain length and weight.Evolutionarily,RBP-K is relatively ancient and highly conserved,whereas RBP-J and RBP-A are more diverse.Thus,the RBP-A-J-K complex may represent a typical functional model for many RBPs and protein complexes that function at transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels in plants and animals for increased functional consistency,efficiency,and versatility,as well as increased evolutionary potential.Our results clearly demonstrate the importance of RBP-mediated post-transcriptional regulation for the diversity of complex traits.Furthermore,rice grain yield and quality may be enhanced by introducing various complete or partial loss-of-function mutations to specific RBP genes using clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 technology and by exploiting desirable natural tri-genic allelic combinations at the loci encoding the components of the RBP-A-J-K complex through marker-assisted selection.展开更多
In September 2018,we proposed the cutting-edge concept of“Beyond Limits Manufacturing”(BLM).BLM technology is based on the three-dimensional inner engraving or precise outer engraving of ultra-fast laser,to invent m...In September 2018,we proposed the cutting-edge concept of“Beyond Limits Manufacturing”(BLM).BLM technology is based on the three-dimensional inner engraving or precise outer engraving of ultra-fast laser,to invent micro/nano scale flow chips or devices,which makes it possible for the microform,integration,economy,safety,high efficiency,green and intelligence of research,development and manufacturing process,so as to realize transformational manufacturing in the era of Industry 4.0.In this paper,we reviewed the representative results we made in the field of micro/nano flow chemistry during the implementation of the BLM major project(December 2019 to August 2023),and discussed its application prospects in micro/nano flow chemistry.展开更多
Zr-doped-TiO2 loaded glass fiber（ZT/GF） composite photocatalysts with different Zr/Ti ratios were prepared with a sol–gel process. Zr4＋can replace Ti4＋in the TiO2 lattice, which is conducive to forming the anatas...Zr-doped-TiO2 loaded glass fiber（ZT/GF） composite photocatalysts with different Zr/Ti ratios were prepared with a sol–gel process. Zr4＋can replace Ti4＋in the TiO2 lattice, which is conducive to forming the anatase phase and reducing the calcination temperature. The glass fiber carrier was responsible for better dispersion and loading of Zr-doped-TiO2 particles, improving the applicability of the Zr-doped-TiO2. The ZT/GF photocatalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction（XRD）, scanning electron microscope（SEM）, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FT-IR）, ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy（UV–vis） and Barrett–Joyner–Halenda（BJH）. The performance of photocatalysts with different loading was evaluated in formaldehyde degradation under visible light at room temperature. ZT/GF0.2exhibited the highest activity, with a formaldehyde removal rate as high as 95.14% being observed, which is better than that of the photocatalyst particles alone. The stability of the catalyst was also tested, and ZT/GF exhibited excellent catalytic performance with 94.38%removal efficiency, even after seven uses.展开更多
The Sichuan-Xizang Railway is an important part of the railway network in China, and geological disasters, such as mountain floods and landslides, frequently occur in this region. Precipitation is an important cause o...The Sichuan-Xizang Railway is an important part of the railway network in China, and geological disasters, such as mountain floods and landslides, frequently occur in this region. Precipitation is an important cause of these disasters;therefore,accurate simulation of the precipitation in this region is highly important. In this study, the descriptions for uncertain processes in the cloud microphysics scheme are improved;these processes include cloud droplet activation, cloud-rain autoconversion, rain accretion by cloud droplets, and the entrainment-mixing process. In the default scheme, the cloud water content of different sizes corresponds to the same cloud droplet concentration, which is inconsistent with the actual content;this results in excessive cloud droplet size, unreasonable related conversion rates of microphysical process(such as cloud-rain autoconversion), and an overestimation of precipitation. Our new scheme overcomes the problem of excessive cloud droplet size. The processes of cloudrain autoconversion and rain accretion by cloud droplets are similar to the stochastic collection equation, and the mixing mechanism of cloud droplets is more consistent with that occurred during the actual physical process in the cloud. Based on the new and old schemes, multiple precipitation processes in the flood season of 2021 along the Sichuan-Xizang Railway are simulated, and the results are evaluated using ground observations and satellite data. Compared to the default scheme, the new scheme is more suitable for the simulation of cloud physics, reducing the simulation deviation of the liquid water path and droplet radius from 2 times to less than 1 time and significantly alleviating the overestimation of precipitation intensity and range of precipitation center. The average root-mean-square error is reduced by 22%. Our results can provide a scientific reference for improving precipitation forecasting and disaster prevention in this region.展开更多
Existing studies contend that latent heating(LH)will replace sensible heating(SH)to become the dominant factor affecting the development of the Tibetan Plateau vortex(TPV)after it moves off the Tibetan Plateau(TP).How...Existing studies contend that latent heating(LH)will replace sensible heating(SH)to become the dominant factor affecting the development of the Tibetan Plateau vortex(TPV)after it moves off the Tibetan Plateau(TP).However,in the process of the TPV moving off the TP requires that the airmass traverse the eastern slope of the Tibetan Plateau(ESTP)where the topography and diabatic heating(DH)conditions rapidly change.How LH gradually replaces SH to become the dominant factor in the development of the TPV over the ESTP is still not very clear.In this paper,an analysis of a typical case of a TPV with a long life history over the ESTP is performed by using multi-sourced meteorological data and model simulations.The results show that SH from the TP surface can change the TPV-associated precipitation distribution by temperature advection after the TPV moves off the TP.The LH can then directly promote the development of the TPV and has a certain guiding effect on the track of the TPV.The SH can control the active area of LH by changing the falling area of the TPV-associated precipitation,so it still plays a key role in the development and tracking of the TPV even though it has moved out of the main body of the TP.展开更多
Coastal upwelling is significant for marine ecosystems by lifting nutrient-rich deep waters into the euphotic zone,thereby increasing primary and secondary productivity.The satellite observations show that the norther...Coastal upwelling is significant for marine ecosystems by lifting nutrient-rich deep waters into the euphotic zone,thereby increasing primary and secondary productivity.The satellite observations show that the northern Arafura Sea(NAS),especially in the coastal region,features high chlorophyll-a(chl-a)concentrations,implying a strong coastal upwelling.However,coastal upwelling in the NAS has not received much attention.Based on a semi-automatic image processing technology,the seasonal and interannual variability of coastal upwelling in the NAS are investigated in this study using satellite-observed sea surface temperature(SST)and wind data.The results suggest that there are seasonal coastal upwelling events in the NAS modulated by upwelling-favorable southeast monsoon(SEM).The annual mean days,mean area,and annual mean intensity of coastal upwelling events during the SEM season are 92 days,6514 km^(2),and-5.31×10^(5),respectively,while the corresponding values during the northwest monsoon(NWM)season are 32 days,5569 km^(2),and-1.41×10^(5).It is also found that the SEM coastal upwelling in the NAS displays prominent interannual variability.The strong upwelling events are found in 2010,2013,2016,and 2017 when the southeast monsoon winds were weaker.Further analysis suggests that at the interannual scale,the upwelling index(UI)averaged in the SEM season is negatively correlated with that of three upwelling indicators.This can be attributed to the limitation of onshore geostrophic flow which is evidenced by the negative correlation between the UI and the alongshore difference in sea surface height.This study highlights the important role of the southeast monsoon in the temporal variability of coastal upwelling in the NAS.展开更多
Asphalt pavement inevitably suffers rutting distress induced by repeated loads under high temperatures, which can be effectively alleviated by the modification of asphalt binders.This paper summarized the asphalt modi...Asphalt pavement inevitably suffers rutting distress induced by repeated loads under high temperatures, which can be effectively alleviated by the modification of asphalt binders.This paper summarized the asphalt modifiers for enhancing the performance of asphalt pavement at high temperatures in terms of the modifier type, additive amount and improving effect. Then, the anti-rutting performance evaluation methods of asphalt binder were introduced with details, including the ring and ball(R&B) test, the dynamic viscosity test, the zero/low shear viscosity(ZSV/LSV) test, the dynamic shear rheometer(DSR) test,the repeated creep and recovery(RCR) test, and the multiple stress creep and recovery(MSCR) test. Furthermore, the sensitivity of the evaluation method to asphalt modifier was analyzed using the normalization method. It was found that the indicators from the MSCR test could clearly reveal the influence of asphalt modifiers on high temperature performance of asphalt binder. But it still had some limitations affecting the accuracy of evaluation results, such as the number of creep-recovery cycles, the stress level and the recovery time. In addition, according to the rutting resistance improvement ratio(RRIR),the styrene-butadiene-styrene(SBS) modifier performed better in improving the rutting resistance of asphalt binder, compared with other modifiers when added within the usual dosage range.展开更多
In situ zircon U-Pb geochronological and Lu-Hf isotope studies of detrital zircons from Late Mesoproterozoic to Early Neoproterozoic sedimentary units on the southwestern margin of the Yangtze Block have important imp...In situ zircon U-Pb geochronological and Lu-Hf isotope studies of detrital zircons from Late Mesoproterozoic to Early Neoproterozoic sedimentary units on the southwestern margin of the Yangtze Block have important implications for the tectonic evolution of the Yangtze Block.The Huili Group contains zircons whose ages are mainly Late Archean to Mesoproterozoic(2650-2450,2100-1800,and 1350-1150 Ma).The Dengxiangying Group has one major age population of 1900-1600 Ma,and two subordinate age populations of 1350-1100 and 2300-2000 Ma.Yanbian Group sedimentary rocks have a zircon age population mainly in the range of 970-850 Ma,contemporaneous with the ages of widespread arc-related magmatism in the western Yangtze Block.Combining these results with previous work,the Huili and Dengxiangying groups were most likely deposited during ca.1160 to 1000 Ma in an intra-continental rift basin setting,while the Yanbian Group accumulated during>920 to 782 Ma in a back-arc basin setting at the southwestern margin of the Yangtze Block.In addition,all these results further suggest a tectonic transition from a continental rift basin to a convergent environment at the southwestern margin of the Yangtze Block at 1000-970 Ma.展开更多
The Circular Electron Positron Collider(CEPC)is a large scientific project initiated and hosted by China,fostered through extensive collaboration with international partners.The complex comprises four accelerators:a 3...The Circular Electron Positron Collider(CEPC)is a large scientific project initiated and hosted by China,fostered through extensive collaboration with international partners.The complex comprises four accelerators:a 30 GeV Linac,a 1.1 GeV Damping Ring,a Booster capable of achieving energies up to 180 GeV,and a Collider operating at varying energy modes(Z,W,H,and tt).The Linac and Damping Ring are situated on the surface,while the subterranean Booster and Collider are housed in a 100 km circumference underground tunnel,strategically accommodating future expansion with provisions for a potential Super Proton Proton Collider(SPPC).The CEPC primarily serves as a Higgs factory.In its baseline design with synchrotron radiation(SR)power of 30 MW per beam,it can achieve a luminosity of 5×10^(34)cm^(-2)s^(-1)per interaction point(IP),resulting in an integrated luminosity of 13 ab^(-1)for two IPs over a decade,producing 2.6 million Higgs bosons.Increasing the SR power to 50 MW per beam expands the CEPC's capability to generate 4.3 million Higgs bosons,facilitating precise measurements of Higgs coupling at sub-percent levels,exceeding the precision expected from the HL-LHC by an order of magnitude.This Technical Design Report(TDR)follows the Preliminary Conceptual Design Report(Pre-CDR,2015)and the Conceptual Design Report(CDR,2018),comprehensively detailing the machine's layout,performance metrics,physical design and analysis,technical systems design,R&D and prototyping efforts,and associated civil engineering aspects.Additionally,it includes a cost estimate and a preliminary construction timeline,establishing a framework for forthcoming engineering design phase and site selection procedures.Construction is anticipated to begin around 2027-2028,pending government approval,with an estimated duration of 8 years.The commencement of experiments and data collection could potentially be initiated in the mid-2030s.展开更多
Ogura cytoplasmic male sterility(Ogura CMS)is extensively applied in hybrid seed production in cruciferous crops.However,the posttranscriptional molecular basis of Ogura CMS in cruciferous crops remains elusive.Here,a...Ogura cytoplasmic male sterility(Ogura CMS)is extensively applied in hybrid seed production in cruciferous crops.However,the posttranscriptional molecular basis of Ogura CMS in cruciferous crops remains elusive.Here,a data-independent acquisition-based proteomic approach coupled with a parallel reaction monitoring-based targeted proteomic assay was used to analyze the proteome dynamics of Ogura CMS cabbage line RM and its maintainer line RF during floral bud development to obtain insights into the mechanism underlying Ogura CMS in cruciferous crops.A total of 9162 proteins corresponding to 61464 peptides were identified in RM and RF floral buds.The proteomic fluctuation of RM was weaker than that of RF.Differences in protein expression between RM and RF gradually enlarged with floral bud development.Fifteen continually up-regulated and eight continually down-regulated proteins were found in RM relative to RF throughout floral bud development.Differentially expressed proteins between RM and RF during floral bud development were implicated in the endoplasmic reticulum(ER)-associated protein processing pathway,in which most of them exhibited down-regulated expression in RM.These data suggest that ER-associated protein processing may be involved in pollen abortion in Ogura CMS cabbage by inhibiting the expression of critical factors.Our findings not only deepen the understanding of the molecular mechanisms of Ogura CMS in cruciferous crops but also provide better guidance for applying Ogura CMS in the hybrid breeding of cruciferous crops.展开更多
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province of China,No.H2015083a grant from Higher Education Reform Project of Mudanjaing Medical University of China,No.2013016
文摘Animal and clinical studies have confirmed the therapeutic effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on cerebral ischemia, but their mechanisms of action remain poorly understood. Here, we summarize the transplantation approaches, directional migration, differentiation, replacement, neural circuit reconstruction,angiogenesis, neurotrophic factor secretion, apoptosis, immunomodulation, multiple mechanisms of action,and optimization strategies for bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of ischemic stroke.We also explore the safety of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation and conclude that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation is an important direction for future treatment of cerebral ischemia. Determining the optimal timing and dose for the transplantation are important directions for future research.
基金国家自然科学基金，中国科学院知识创新工程项目，科技部资助项目，the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science，Grants-in-Aids for Scientific Research on Functional Analysis of Genes Relevant to Agriculturally Important Traits in Rice Genome，中国科学院'百人计划'，国家自然科学基金
文摘: The plant phytohormone cytokinin plays an important role in many facets of plant growth and development by regulating cell division and differentiation. Recent studies have shed significant light into the mechanisms of cytokinin metabolism and signaling. However, little is known about how the hormone is transported in planta, although it has been proposed that the hormone is presumably transported in nucleoside-conjugated forms. Here, we report the identification and characterization of cytokinin transporters in Arabidopsis. We previously reported that a gain-of-function mutation in the PGA22/AtIPT8 gene caused overproduction of cytokinins in planta. In an effort to screen for suppressor of pga 22/atipt 8 (soi) mutants, we identified a mutant soi33-1. Molecular and genetic analyses indicated that SOI33 encodes a putative equilibrative nucleoside transporter (ENT), previously designated as AtENT8. Members of this small gene family are presumed to be involved in the transport of nucleosides in eukaryotic cells. Under conditions of nitrogen starvation, loss-of-function mutations in SOI33/AtENT8 or in a related gene AtENT3 cause a reduced sensitivity to the nucleoside-type cytokinins isopentenyladenine riboside (iPR) and transzeatin riboside (tZR), but display a normal response to the free base-type cytokinins isopentenyladenine (iP) and trans-zeatin (tZ). Conversely, overexpression of SOI33/AtENT8 renders transgenic plants hypersensitive to iPR but not to iP. An in planta measurement experiment indicated that uptake efficiency of 3H-labeled iPR was reduced more than 40% in soi33 and atent3 mutants. However, a mutation in AtENT1 had no substantial effect on the cytokinin response and iPR uptake efficiency. Our results suggest that SOI33/ AtENT8 and AtENT3 are involved in the transport of nucleoside-type cytokinins in Arabidopsis.
基金This project was supported by the National "863" High Technology Research and Development Program of China(2001AA602021)
文摘Evidence theory is widely used in the field of target recognition. The invalidation problem of this theory when dealing with highly conflict evidences is a research hotspot. Several alternatives of the combination rule are analyzed and compared. A new combination approach is proposed. Calculate the reliabilities of evidence sources using existing evidences. Construct reliabilities judge matrixes and get the weights of each evidence source. Weight average all inputted evidences. Combine processed evidences with D-S combination rule repeatedly to identify a target. The application in multi-sensor target reeognition as well as the comparison with typical alternatives all validated that this approach can dispose highly conflict evidences efficiently and get reasonable reeognition results rapidly.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(60736032,20971123,51002153,21007070,51102232,61106004 and 21103191)the National Basic Research Program of China(2007CB936703)+2 种基金the Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(KJC2.YW.317,KJC2.YW.W01)the Fujian Natural Science Foundation of China(2005HZ1023,2006F3140,2007F3113,2007HZ0005-3,2010J01054,2010J06006,2010J05038 and 2012J05033)the China NationalFunds for Distinguished Young Scientists(50625205)
文摘Zinc oxide,a wide band-gap semiconductor,has shown extensive potential applications in high-efficiency semiconductor photoelectronic devices,semiconductor photocatalysis,and diluted magnetic semiconductors.Due to the undisputed lattice integrity,ZnO single crystals are essential for the fabrication of high-quality ZnO-based photoelectronic devices,and also believed to be ideal research subjects for understanding the underlying mechanisms of semiconductor photocatalysis and diluted magnetic semiconductors.This review,which is organized in two main parts,introduces the recent progress in growth,basic characterization,and device development of ZnO single crystals,and some related works in our group.The first part begins from the growth of ZnO single crystal,and summarizes the fundamental and applied investigations based on ZnO single crystals.These works are composed of the fabrication of homoepitaxial ZnO-based photoelectronic devices,the research on the photocatalysis mechanism,and dilute magnetic mechanism.The second part describes the fabrication of highly thermostable n-type ZnO with high mobility and high electron concentration through intentional doping.More importantly,in this part,a conceptual approach for fabricating highly thermostable p-type ZnO materials with high mobility through an integrated three-step treatment is proposed on the basis of the preliminary research.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant Nos.31801601,31925035,and 31871855)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2018T110153)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS(2019083).
文摘Light plays a critical role in plant growth and development,but the mechanisms through which light regulates fruit ripening and nutritional quality in horticultural crops remain largely unknown.Here,we found that ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5(HY5),a master regulator in the light signaling pathway,is required for normal fruit ripening in tomato(Solanum lycopersicum).Loss of function of tomato HY5(SlHY5)impairs pigment accumulation and ethylene biosynthesis.Transcriptome profiling identified 2948 differentially expressed genes,which included 1424 downregulated and 1524 upregulated genes,in the Slhy5 mutants.In addition,genes involved in carotenoid and anthocyanin biosynthesis and ethylene signaling were revealed as direct targets of SlHY5 by chromatin immunoprecipitation.Surprisingly,the expression of a large proportion of genes encoding ribosomal proteins was downregulated in the Slhy5 mutants,and this downregulation pattern was accompanied by a decrease in the abundance of ribosomal proteins.Further analysis demonstrated that SlHY5 affected the translation efficiency of numerous ripening-related genes.These data indicate that SlHY5 regulates fruit ripening both at the transcriptional level by targeting specific molecular pathways and at the translational level by affecting the protein translation machinery.Our findings unravel the regulatory mechanisms of SlHY5 in controlling fruit ripening and nutritional quality and uncover the multifaceted regulation of gene expression by transcription factors.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21808059,21878088,and 21476077)Key Project of the Shanghai Science and Technology Committee(No.18DZ1112703)。
文摘The pharmaceutical industry is now paying increased attention to continuous manufacturing.While the revolution to continuous and automated manufacturing is deepening in most of the top pharma companies in the world,the advancement of automated pharmaceutical continuous manufacturing in China is relatively slow due to some key challenges including the lack of knowledge on the related technologies and shortage of qualified personnels.In this review,emphasis is given to two of the crucial technologies in automated pharmaceutical continuous manufacturing,i.e.,process analytical technology(PAT)and self-optimizing algorithm.Research work published in recent 5 years employing advanced PAT tools and self-optimization algorithms is introduced,which represents the great progress that has been made in automated pharmaceutical continuous manufacturing.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21878088, 21476077)Key Projects of Shanghai Science and Technology Commission (No.18DZ1112703) for financial support。
文摘Erlotinib is an orally administered, highly effective, specific epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, used to treat non-small cell lung cancer and pancreatic cancer. The traditional synthetic methods for Erlotinib exhibit long reaction time and safety concern. Herein, we describe a novel five-step route for the synthesis of Erlotinib in flow. These five steps comprise etherification, nitration, reduction,addition and cyclization reactions. All steps were optimized and converted to continuous flow process,which drastically reduces the reaction time and considerably improves the process safety as well as the total yield. Enabled by five continuous flow units, Erlotinib is efficiently afforded with an E-factor of 38,an overall yield of 83%, and a total residence time of 25.1 min. Majority steps in this process have been optimized for quantitative conversion, which offers the possibility of telescoping the entire process.
基金supported by the Young Scholars Science Foundation of Lanzhou Jiaotong University,China(2018016)the Chang Jiang Scholar and Innovation Team Development Plan of China(IRT_15R29)。
文摘Recently,sand fences,made of high density polyethylene(HDPE)board,which is resistant against harsh plateau environmental conditions,could possibly be used to control the wind-blown sand along the Qinghai section of the Golmud-Korla Railway.In this paper,wind tunnel simulation was performed on the protective effect of multiple rows of HDPE board sand fences on wind-blown sand.Two parameters have been used to reflect the protective effect of sand fences,that is,windproof efficiency and sand control efficiency,referring to the reduction rates of wind speed at a height of 0.04 m and sand flux in a run of test with the fence compared those in the control run of test without it,respectively.The test results showed that when the porosity was 30%,the single-row sand fence had the best wind proof and sand control efficiency with respective values of 46%and 65.3%.The windproof efficiencies of double-row and triple-row sand fences at 20H were 59%and 62%,respectively.Compared with the windproof effi-ciency of the single-row sand fence,those of the two-row and three-row fences increased by 13%and 16%,respectively:The maximum sand control efficiency of the double-row and triple-row sand fences were 92.1%and 96.5%,increased by 26.8%and 31.2%,respectively,compared with that of the single-row sand fence.This study indicates that the sand control efficiency after adding one or two rows was not double or triple that of the single-row fence,while the first-row sand fence played a major protective role.Compared with the double-row sand fences,the effect of the third row sand fence in triple-row sand fences is limited,and thus double-row HDPE board sand fences with the porosity of 30%are rec-ommended to control wind-blown sand along the Qinghai section of the Golmud-Korla Railway.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81771241 to Zhi Chen)Third Military Medical University(No.XZ-2019-505-002 to Zhi Chen)Chongqing Medical Scientific Research Project(Joint Project of Chongqing Health Commission and Science&Technology Bureau,No.2023GGXM003 to Hua Feng)
文摘Background Hematoma expansion is a determinant of poor outcome of intracerebral hemorrhage but occurs frequently,especially in warfarin-associated intracerebral hemorrhage(W-ICH).In the present study,we employ the warfarin-associated intracerebral hemorrhage(W-ICH)rat model,to explore the efficacy and potential mechanism of glibenclamide pretreatment on hematoma expansion after intracerebral hemorrhage,hoping to provide proof of concept that glibenclamide in stroke primary and secondary prevention is also potentially beneficial for intracerebral hemorrhage patients at early stage.Methods In the present study,we tested whether glibenclamide,a common hypoglycemic drug,could attenuate hematoma expansion in a rat model of W-ICH.Hematoma expansion was evaluated using magnetic resonance imaging;brain injury was evaluated by brain edema and neuronal death;and functional outcome was evaluated by neurological scores.Then blood-brain barrier integrity was assessed using Evans blue extravasation and tight junction-related protein.Results The data indicated that glibenclamide pretreatment significantly attenuated hematoma expansion at 24 h after W-ICH,thus mitigating brain edema and neuronal death and promoting neurological function recovery,which may benefit from alleviating blood-brain barrier disruption by suppressing matrix metallopeptidase-9.Conclusions The results indicate that glibenclamide pretreatment in stroke primary and secondary prevention might be a promising therapy for hematoma expansion at the early stage of W-ICH.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U2033213)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(FZ2021ZZ01,FZ2022ZX50).
文摘With the development of the integration of aviation safety and artificial intelligence,research on the combination of risk assessment and artificial intelligence is particularly important in the field of risk management,but searching for an efficient and accurate risk assessment algorithm has become a challenge for the civil aviation industry.Therefore,an improved risk assessment algorithm(PS-AE-LSTM)based on long short-term memory network(LSTM)with autoencoder(AE)is proposed for the various supervised deep learning algorithms in flight safety that cannot adequately address the problem of the quality on risk level labels.Firstly,based on the normal distribution characteristics of flight data,a probability severity(PS)model is established to enhance the quality of risk assessment labels.Secondly,autoencoder is introduced to reconstruct the flight parameter data to improve the data quality.Finally,utilizing the time-series nature of flight data,a long and short-termmemory network is used to classify the risk level and improve the accuracy of risk assessment.Thus,a risk assessment experimentwas conducted to analyze a fleet landing phase dataset using the PS-AE-LSTMalgorithm to assess the risk level associated with aircraft hard landing events.The results show that the proposed algorithm achieves an accuracy of 86.45%compared with seven baseline models and has excellent risk assessment capability.
基金supported by the Innovation Program of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission(2023ZKZD05)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32172043,31971918 and 32170356)+2 种基金the Shanghai Science and Technology Innovation Action Plan Project(22N11900200)the Innovation Program of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciencesthe grant from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFA1300401).
文摘RNA-binding proteins(RBPs)are components of the post-transcriptional regulatory system,but their regulatory effects on complex traits remain unknown.Using an integrated strategy involving map-based cloning,functional characterizations,and transcriptomic and population genomic analyses,we revealed that RBP-K(LOC_Os08g23120),RBP-A(LOC_Os11g41890),and RBP-J(LOC_Os10g33230)encode proteins that form an RBP-A-J-K complex that negatively regulates rice yield-related traits.Examinations of the RBP-A-J-K complex indicated RBP-K functions as a relatively non-specific RBP chaperone that enables RBP-A and RBP-J to function normally.Additionally,RBP-J most likely affects GA pathways,resulting in considerable increases in grain and panicle lengths,but decreases in grain width and thickness.In contrast,RBP-A negatively regulates the expression of genes most likely involved in auxin-regulated pathways controlling cell wall elongation and carbohydrate transport,with substantial effects on the rice grain filling process as well as grain length and weight.Evolutionarily,RBP-K is relatively ancient and highly conserved,whereas RBP-J and RBP-A are more diverse.Thus,the RBP-A-J-K complex may represent a typical functional model for many RBPs and protein complexes that function at transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels in plants and animals for increased functional consistency,efficiency,and versatility,as well as increased evolutionary potential.Our results clearly demonstrate the importance of RBP-mediated post-transcriptional regulation for the diversity of complex traits.Furthermore,rice grain yield and quality may be enhanced by introducing various complete or partial loss-of-function mutations to specific RBP genes using clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 technology and by exploiting desirable natural tri-genic allelic combinations at the loci encoding the components of the RBP-A-J-K complex through marker-assisted selection.
文摘In September 2018,we proposed the cutting-edge concept of“Beyond Limits Manufacturing”(BLM).BLM technology is based on the three-dimensional inner engraving or precise outer engraving of ultra-fast laser,to invent micro/nano scale flow chips or devices,which makes it possible for the microform,integration,economy,safety,high efficiency,green and intelligence of research,development and manufacturing process,so as to realize transformational manufacturing in the era of Industry 4.0.In this paper,we reviewed the representative results we made in the field of micro/nano flow chemistry during the implementation of the BLM major project(December 2019 to August 2023),and discussed its application prospects in micro/nano flow chemistry.
基金financially supported by the Project of Science and Technology Department of Jiangsu Province (BE2016769)the Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51608261)+2 种基金Six talent peaks project in Jiangsu Province (2016)Open fund by Jiangsu Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Cleaning Materials (KFK1503)A Project Funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD)
文摘Zr-doped-TiO2 loaded glass fiber（ZT/GF） composite photocatalysts with different Zr/Ti ratios were prepared with a sol–gel process. Zr4＋can replace Ti4＋in the TiO2 lattice, which is conducive to forming the anatase phase and reducing the calcination temperature. The glass fiber carrier was responsible for better dispersion and loading of Zr-doped-TiO2 particles, improving the applicability of the Zr-doped-TiO2. The ZT/GF photocatalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction（XRD）, scanning electron microscope（SEM）, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FT-IR）, ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy（UV–vis） and Barrett–Joyner–Halenda（BJH）. The performance of photocatalysts with different loading was evaluated in formaldehyde degradation under visible light at room temperature. ZT/GF0.2exhibited the highest activity, with a formaldehyde removal rate as high as 95.14% being observed, which is better than that of the photocatalyst particles alone. The stability of the catalyst was also tested, and ZT/GF exhibited excellent catalytic performance with 94.38%removal efficiency, even after seven uses.
基金supported by the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research(STEP)Program(Grant No.2019QZKK0105)the Key Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42030611)+3 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2022YFC3003903)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42205072&42305083)the Basic Research Fund of Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences(Grant No.2022Y024)the Key Research and Development Program of Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province(Grant No.2022YFS0540)。
文摘The Sichuan-Xizang Railway is an important part of the railway network in China, and geological disasters, such as mountain floods and landslides, frequently occur in this region. Precipitation is an important cause of these disasters;therefore,accurate simulation of the precipitation in this region is highly important. In this study, the descriptions for uncertain processes in the cloud microphysics scheme are improved;these processes include cloud droplet activation, cloud-rain autoconversion, rain accretion by cloud droplets, and the entrainment-mixing process. In the default scheme, the cloud water content of different sizes corresponds to the same cloud droplet concentration, which is inconsistent with the actual content;this results in excessive cloud droplet size, unreasonable related conversion rates of microphysical process(such as cloud-rain autoconversion), and an overestimation of precipitation. Our new scheme overcomes the problem of excessive cloud droplet size. The processes of cloudrain autoconversion and rain accretion by cloud droplets are similar to the stochastic collection equation, and the mixing mechanism of cloud droplets is more consistent with that occurred during the actual physical process in the cloud. Based on the new and old schemes, multiple precipitation processes in the flood season of 2021 along the Sichuan-Xizang Railway are simulated, and the results are evaluated using ground observations and satellite data. Compared to the default scheme, the new scheme is more suitable for the simulation of cloud physics, reducing the simulation deviation of the liquid water path and droplet radius from 2 times to less than 1 time and significantly alleviating the overestimation of precipitation intensity and range of precipitation center. The average root-mean-square error is reduced by 22%. Our results can provide a scientific reference for improving precipitation forecasting and disaster prevention in this region.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42175002,42030611,42075013)the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan,China(Grant No.2023NSFSC0242)the Innovation Team Fund of Southwest Regional Meteorological Center,China Meteorological Administration(Grant No.XNQYCXTD-202202)。
文摘Existing studies contend that latent heating(LH)will replace sensible heating(SH)to become the dominant factor affecting the development of the Tibetan Plateau vortex(TPV)after it moves off the Tibetan Plateau(TP).However,in the process of the TPV moving off the TP requires that the airmass traverse the eastern slope of the Tibetan Plateau(ESTP)where the topography and diabatic heating(DH)conditions rapidly change.How LH gradually replaces SH to become the dominant factor in the development of the TPV over the ESTP is still not very clear.In this paper,an analysis of a typical case of a TPV with a long life history over the ESTP is performed by using multi-sourced meteorological data and model simulations.The results show that SH from the TP surface can change the TPV-associated precipitation distribution by temperature advection after the TPV moves off the TP.The LH can then directly promote the development of the TPV and has a certain guiding effect on the track of the TPV.The SH can control the active area of LH by changing the falling area of the TPV-associated precipitation,so it still plays a key role in the development and tracking of the TPV even though it has moved out of the main body of the TP.
基金Supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDB 42000000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.92258301)+2 种基金the Scientific and Technological Innovation Project financially supported by Laoshan Laboratory(No.LSKJ202202502)the CAS Key Deployment Project of Center for Ocean Mega-Research of Science(No.COMS2020Q07)the CAS-CSIRO Jointly Project(No.133244KYSB20190031)。
文摘Coastal upwelling is significant for marine ecosystems by lifting nutrient-rich deep waters into the euphotic zone,thereby increasing primary and secondary productivity.The satellite observations show that the northern Arafura Sea(NAS),especially in the coastal region,features high chlorophyll-a(chl-a)concentrations,implying a strong coastal upwelling.However,coastal upwelling in the NAS has not received much attention.Based on a semi-automatic image processing technology,the seasonal and interannual variability of coastal upwelling in the NAS are investigated in this study using satellite-observed sea surface temperature(SST)and wind data.The results suggest that there are seasonal coastal upwelling events in the NAS modulated by upwelling-favorable southeast monsoon(SEM).The annual mean days,mean area,and annual mean intensity of coastal upwelling events during the SEM season are 92 days,6514 km^(2),and-5.31×10^(5),respectively,while the corresponding values during the northwest monsoon(NWM)season are 32 days,5569 km^(2),and-1.41×10^(5).It is also found that the SEM coastal upwelling in the NAS displays prominent interannual variability.The strong upwelling events are found in 2010,2013,2016,and 2017 when the southeast monsoon winds were weaker.Further analysis suggests that at the interannual scale,the upwelling index(UI)averaged in the SEM season is negatively correlated with that of three upwelling indicators.This can be attributed to the limitation of onshore geostrophic flow which is evidenced by the negative correlation between the UI and the alongshore difference in sea surface height.This study highlights the important role of the southeast monsoon in the temporal variability of coastal upwelling in the NAS.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (Grant No. 51978073)the Scientific Research Project of Shaanxi Provincial Transportation Department (Grant No. 15-11K)。
文摘Asphalt pavement inevitably suffers rutting distress induced by repeated loads under high temperatures, which can be effectively alleviated by the modification of asphalt binders.This paper summarized the asphalt modifiers for enhancing the performance of asphalt pavement at high temperatures in terms of the modifier type, additive amount and improving effect. Then, the anti-rutting performance evaluation methods of asphalt binder were introduced with details, including the ring and ball(R&B) test, the dynamic viscosity test, the zero/low shear viscosity(ZSV/LSV) test, the dynamic shear rheometer(DSR) test,the repeated creep and recovery(RCR) test, and the multiple stress creep and recovery(MSCR) test. Furthermore, the sensitivity of the evaluation method to asphalt modifier was analyzed using the normalization method. It was found that the indicators from the MSCR test could clearly reveal the influence of asphalt modifiers on high temperature performance of asphalt binder. But it still had some limitations affecting the accuracy of evaluation results, such as the number of creep-recovery cycles, the stress level and the recovery time. In addition, according to the rutting resistance improvement ratio(RRIR),the styrene-butadiene-styrene(SBS) modifier performed better in improving the rutting resistance of asphalt binder, compared with other modifiers when added within the usual dosage range.
基金financially supported by the China Geological Survey(Nos.DD20190370 and 121201111120117).
文摘In situ zircon U-Pb geochronological and Lu-Hf isotope studies of detrital zircons from Late Mesoproterozoic to Early Neoproterozoic sedimentary units on the southwestern margin of the Yangtze Block have important implications for the tectonic evolution of the Yangtze Block.The Huili Group contains zircons whose ages are mainly Late Archean to Mesoproterozoic(2650-2450,2100-1800,and 1350-1150 Ma).The Dengxiangying Group has one major age population of 1900-1600 Ma,and two subordinate age populations of 1350-1100 and 2300-2000 Ma.Yanbian Group sedimentary rocks have a zircon age population mainly in the range of 970-850 Ma,contemporaneous with the ages of widespread arc-related magmatism in the western Yangtze Block.Combining these results with previous work,the Huili and Dengxiangying groups were most likely deposited during ca.1160 to 1000 Ma in an intra-continental rift basin setting,while the Yanbian Group accumulated during>920 to 782 Ma in a back-arc basin setting at the southwestern margin of the Yangtze Block.In addition,all these results further suggest a tectonic transition from a continental rift basin to a convergent environment at the southwestern margin of the Yangtze Block at 1000-970 Ma.
基金support from diverse funding sources,including the National Key Program for S&T Research and Development of the Ministry of Science and Technology(MOST),Yifang Wang's Science Studio of the Ten Thousand Talents Project,the CAS Key Foreign Cooperation Grant,the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)Beijing Municipal Science&Technology Commission,the CAS Focused Science Grant,the IHEP Innovation Grant,the CAS Lead Special Training Programthe CAS Center for Excellence in Particle Physics,the CAS International Partnership Program,and the CAS/SAFEA International Partnership Program for Creative Research Teams.
文摘The Circular Electron Positron Collider(CEPC)is a large scientific project initiated and hosted by China,fostered through extensive collaboration with international partners.The complex comprises four accelerators:a 30 GeV Linac,a 1.1 GeV Damping Ring,a Booster capable of achieving energies up to 180 GeV,and a Collider operating at varying energy modes(Z,W,H,and tt).The Linac and Damping Ring are situated on the surface,while the subterranean Booster and Collider are housed in a 100 km circumference underground tunnel,strategically accommodating future expansion with provisions for a potential Super Proton Proton Collider(SPPC).The CEPC primarily serves as a Higgs factory.In its baseline design with synchrotron radiation(SR)power of 30 MW per beam,it can achieve a luminosity of 5×10^(34)cm^(-2)s^(-1)per interaction point(IP),resulting in an integrated luminosity of 13 ab^(-1)for two IPs over a decade,producing 2.6 million Higgs bosons.Increasing the SR power to 50 MW per beam expands the CEPC's capability to generate 4.3 million Higgs bosons,facilitating precise measurements of Higgs coupling at sub-percent levels,exceeding the precision expected from the HL-LHC by an order of magnitude.This Technical Design Report(TDR)follows the Preliminary Conceptual Design Report(Pre-CDR,2015)and the Conceptual Design Report(CDR,2018),comprehensively detailing the machine's layout,performance metrics,physical design and analysis,technical systems design,R&D and prototyping efforts,and associated civil engineering aspects.Additionally,it includes a cost estimate and a preliminary construction timeline,establishing a framework for forthcoming engineering design phase and site selection procedures.Construction is anticipated to begin around 2027-2028,pending government approval,with an estimated duration of 8 years.The commencement of experiments and data collection could potentially be initiated in the mid-2030s.
基金supported by Heilongjiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.YQ2022C012)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2022MD713728)+1 种基金Heilongjiang Provincial Postdoctoral Fund(Grant No.LBHZ21046)the Open Project of Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops(Northeast Region),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,and National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2023YFD1201501).
文摘Ogura cytoplasmic male sterility(Ogura CMS)is extensively applied in hybrid seed production in cruciferous crops.However,the posttranscriptional molecular basis of Ogura CMS in cruciferous crops remains elusive.Here,a data-independent acquisition-based proteomic approach coupled with a parallel reaction monitoring-based targeted proteomic assay was used to analyze the proteome dynamics of Ogura CMS cabbage line RM and its maintainer line RF during floral bud development to obtain insights into the mechanism underlying Ogura CMS in cruciferous crops.A total of 9162 proteins corresponding to 61464 peptides were identified in RM and RF floral buds.The proteomic fluctuation of RM was weaker than that of RF.Differences in protein expression between RM and RF gradually enlarged with floral bud development.Fifteen continually up-regulated and eight continually down-regulated proteins were found in RM relative to RF throughout floral bud development.Differentially expressed proteins between RM and RF during floral bud development were implicated in the endoplasmic reticulum(ER)-associated protein processing pathway,in which most of them exhibited down-regulated expression in RM.These data suggest that ER-associated protein processing may be involved in pollen abortion in Ogura CMS cabbage by inhibiting the expression of critical factors.Our findings not only deepen the understanding of the molecular mechanisms of Ogura CMS in cruciferous crops but also provide better guidance for applying Ogura CMS in the hybrid breeding of cruciferous crops.
