Patients and physicians understand the importance of self-care following spinal cord injury (SCI), yet many individuals with SCI do not adhere to recommended self-care activities despite logistical supports. Neurobeha...Patients and physicians understand the importance of self-care following spinal cord injury (SCI), yet many individuals with SCI do not adhere to recommended self-care activities despite logistical supports. Neurobehavioral determinants of SCI self-care behavior, such as impulsivity, are not widely studied, yet understanding them could inform efforts to improve SCI self-care. We explored associations between impulsivity and self-care in an observational study of 35 US adults age 18 - 50 who had traumatic SCI with paraplegia at least six months before assessment. The primary outcome measure was self-reported self-care. In LASSO regression models that included all neurobehavioral measures and demographics as predictors of self-care, dispositional measures of greater impulsivity (negative urgency, lack of premeditation, lack of perseverance), and reduced mindfulness were associated with reduced self-care. Outcome (magnitude) sensitivity, a latent decision-making parameter derived from computationally modeling successive choices in a gambling task, was also associated with self-care behavior. These results are preliminary;more research is needed to demonstrate the utility of these findings in clinical settings. Information about associations between impulsivity and poor self-care in people with SCI could guide the development of interventions to improve SCI self-care and help patients with elevated risks related to self-care and secondary health conditions.展开更多
Plants must adapt with increasing speed to global warming to maintain their fitness.One rapid adaptation mechanism is epigenetic memory,which may provide organisms sufficient time to adapt to climate change.We studied...Plants must adapt with increasing speed to global warming to maintain their fitness.One rapid adaptation mechanism is epigenetic memory,which may provide organisms sufficient time to adapt to climate change.We studied how the perennial Fragaria vesca adapted to warmer temperatures(28◦C vs.18◦C)over three asexual generations.Differences in flowering time,stolon number,and petiole length were induced by warmer temperature in one or more ecotypes after three asexual generations and persisted in a common garden environment.Induced methylome changes differed between the four ecotypes from Norway,Iceland,Italy,and Spain,but shared methylome responses were also identified.Most differentially methylated regions(DMRs)occurred in the CHG context,and most CHG and CHH DMRs were hypermethylated at the warmer temperature.In eight CHG DMR peaks,a highly similar methylation pattern could be observed between ecotypes.On average,13%of the differentially methylated genes between ecotypes also showed a temperature-induced change in gene expression.We observed ecotype-specific methylation and expression patterns for genes related to gibberellin metabolism,flowering time,and epigenetic mechanisms.Furthermore,we observed a negative correlation with gene expression when repetitive elements were found near(±2 kb)or inside genes.In conclusion,lasting phenotypic changes indicative of an epigenetic memory were induced by warmer temperature and were accompanied by changes in DNA methylation patterns.Both shared methylation patterns and transcriptome differences between F.vesca accessions were observed,indicating that DNA methylation may be involved in both general and ecotype-specific phenotypic variation.展开更多
文摘Patients and physicians understand the importance of self-care following spinal cord injury (SCI), yet many individuals with SCI do not adhere to recommended self-care activities despite logistical supports. Neurobehavioral determinants of SCI self-care behavior, such as impulsivity, are not widely studied, yet understanding them could inform efforts to improve SCI self-care. We explored associations between impulsivity and self-care in an observational study of 35 US adults age 18 - 50 who had traumatic SCI with paraplegia at least six months before assessment. The primary outcome measure was self-reported self-care. In LASSO regression models that included all neurobehavioral measures and demographics as predictors of self-care, dispositional measures of greater impulsivity (negative urgency, lack of premeditation, lack of perseverance), and reduced mindfulness were associated with reduced self-care. Outcome (magnitude) sensitivity, a latent decision-making parameter derived from computationally modeling successive choices in a gambling task, was also associated with self-care behavior. These results are preliminary;more research is needed to demonstrate the utility of these findings in clinical settings. Information about associations between impulsivity and poor self-care in people with SCI could guide the development of interventions to improve SCI self-care and help patients with elevated risks related to self-care and secondary health conditions.
文摘Plants must adapt with increasing speed to global warming to maintain their fitness.One rapid adaptation mechanism is epigenetic memory,which may provide organisms sufficient time to adapt to climate change.We studied how the perennial Fragaria vesca adapted to warmer temperatures(28◦C vs.18◦C)over three asexual generations.Differences in flowering time,stolon number,and petiole length were induced by warmer temperature in one or more ecotypes after three asexual generations and persisted in a common garden environment.Induced methylome changes differed between the four ecotypes from Norway,Iceland,Italy,and Spain,but shared methylome responses were also identified.Most differentially methylated regions(DMRs)occurred in the CHG context,and most CHG and CHH DMRs were hypermethylated at the warmer temperature.In eight CHG DMR peaks,a highly similar methylation pattern could be observed between ecotypes.On average,13%of the differentially methylated genes between ecotypes also showed a temperature-induced change in gene expression.We observed ecotype-specific methylation and expression patterns for genes related to gibberellin metabolism,flowering time,and epigenetic mechanisms.Furthermore,we observed a negative correlation with gene expression when repetitive elements were found near(±2 kb)or inside genes.In conclusion,lasting phenotypic changes indicative of an epigenetic memory were induced by warmer temperature and were accompanied by changes in DNA methylation patterns.Both shared methylation patterns and transcriptome differences between F.vesca accessions were observed,indicating that DNA methylation may be involved in both general and ecotype-specific phenotypic variation.
