Typically,smart grid systems enhance the ability of conventional power system networks as it is vulnerable to several kinds of attacks.These vulnerabil-ities might cause the attackers or intruders to collapse the enti...Typically,smart grid systems enhance the ability of conventional power system networks as it is vulnerable to several kinds of attacks.These vulnerabil-ities might cause the attackers or intruders to collapse the entire network system thus breaching the confidentiality and integrity of smart grid systems.Thus,for this purpose,Intrusion detection system(IDS)plays a pivotal part in offering a reliable and secured range of services in the smart grid framework.Several exist-ing approaches are there to detect the intrusions in smart grid framework,however they are utilizing an old dataset to detect anomaly thus resulting in reduced rate of detection accuracy in real-time and huge data sources.So as to overcome these limitations,the proposed technique is presented which employs both real-time raw data from the smart grid network and KDD99 dataset thus detecting anoma-lies in the smart grid network.In the grid side data acquisition,the power trans-mitted to the grid is checked and enhanced in terms of power quality by eradicating distortion in transmission lines.In this approach,power quality in the smart grid network is enhanced by rectifying the fault using a FACT device termed UPQC(Unified Power Quality Controller)and thereby storing the data in cloud storage.The data from smart grid cloud storage and KDD99 are pre-pro-cessed and are optimized using Improved Aquila Swarm Optimization(IASO)to extract optimal features.The probabilistic Recurrent Neural Network(PRNN)classifier is then employed for the prediction and classification of intrusions.At last,the performance is estimated and the outcomes are projected in terms of grid voltage,grid current,Total Harmonic Distortion(THD),voltage sag/swell,accu-racy,precision,recall,F-score,false acceptance rate(FAR),and detection rate of the classifier.The analysis is compared with existing techniques to validate the proposed model efficiency.展开更多
Numerical solutions of magnetodynamics （MHD） effects on the free convective flow of an incompressible viscous fluid past a moving semi-infinite vertical cylinder with temperature oscillation are presented. The dimen...Numerical solutions of magnetodynamics （MHD） effects on the free convective flow of an incompressible viscous fluid past a moving semi-infinite vertical cylinder with temperature oscillation are presented. The dimensionless, unsteady, non-linear, and coupled governing partial differential equations are solved by using an implicit finite difference method of the Crank-Nicolson type. The velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles are studied for various parameters. The local skin-friction, the average skinfriction, the Nusselt number, and the Sherwood number are also analyzed and presented graphically. The results are compared with available results in literature, and are found to be in good agreement.展开更多
An analysis is carried out to study the combined effects of viscous and Ohmic heating in the transient, free convective flow of a viscous, incompressible, and doubly stratified fluid past an isothermal vertical plate ...An analysis is carried out to study the combined effects of viscous and Ohmic heating in the transient, free convective flow of a viscous, incompressible, and doubly stratified fluid past an isothermal vertical plate with radiation and chemical reactions. The governing boundary layer equations are solved numerically by an implicit finite difference scheme of the Crank-Nicolson type. The influence of different parameters on the velocity, the temperature, the concentration, the skin friction, the Nusselt number, and the Sherwood number is discussed with graphical illustrations. It is observed that an increase in either the thermal stratification or the mass stratification parameter decreases the velocity. An increase in the thermal stratification increases the concentration and decreases the temperature while an opposite effect is observed for an increase in the mass stratification. An augmentation in viscous and Ohmic heating increases the velocity and temperature while decreases the concentration. The results are found to be in good agreement with the existing solutions in literature.展开更多
The present work describes the effect of deposition potentials on structural,morphological,optical,electrical and photoconductivity responses of cuprous oxide(Cu2O)thin films deposited on fluorine-doped tin oxide glas...The present work describes the effect of deposition potentials on structural,morphological,optical,electrical and photoconductivity responses of cuprous oxide(Cu2O)thin films deposited on fluorine-doped tin oxide glass substrate by employing electrodeposition technique.X-ray diffraction patterns reveal that the deposited films have a cubic structure grown along the preferential(111)growth orientation and crystallinity of the film deposited at.0.4 V is improved compared to the films deposited at.0.2,.0.3 and.0.5 V.Scanning electron microscopy displays that surface morphology of Cu2O film has a well-defined three-sided pyramid-shaped grains which are uniformly distributed over the surface of the substrates and are significantly changed as a function of deposition potential.Raman and photoluminescence spectra manifest that the film deposited at.0.4 V has a good crystal quality with higher acceptor concentration compared to other films.UV–visible analysis illustrates that the absorption of Cu2O thin film deposited at.0.4 V is notably higher compared to other films and the band gap of Cu2O thin films decreases from 2.1 to 2.04 eV with an increase in deposition potential from.0.2 to.0.5 V.The frequency–temperature dependence of impedance analysis shows that the film deposited at.0.4 V has a high conductivity.I– V measurements elucidate that the film deposited at.0.4 V exhibits a good photoconductivity response compared to films deposited in other deposition potentials.展开更多
文摘Typically,smart grid systems enhance the ability of conventional power system networks as it is vulnerable to several kinds of attacks.These vulnerabil-ities might cause the attackers or intruders to collapse the entire network system thus breaching the confidentiality and integrity of smart grid systems.Thus,for this purpose,Intrusion detection system(IDS)plays a pivotal part in offering a reliable and secured range of services in the smart grid framework.Several exist-ing approaches are there to detect the intrusions in smart grid framework,however they are utilizing an old dataset to detect anomaly thus resulting in reduced rate of detection accuracy in real-time and huge data sources.So as to overcome these limitations,the proposed technique is presented which employs both real-time raw data from the smart grid network and KDD99 dataset thus detecting anoma-lies in the smart grid network.In the grid side data acquisition,the power trans-mitted to the grid is checked and enhanced in terms of power quality by eradicating distortion in transmission lines.In this approach,power quality in the smart grid network is enhanced by rectifying the fault using a FACT device termed UPQC(Unified Power Quality Controller)and thereby storing the data in cloud storage.The data from smart grid cloud storage and KDD99 are pre-pro-cessed and are optimized using Improved Aquila Swarm Optimization(IASO)to extract optimal features.The probabilistic Recurrent Neural Network(PRNN)classifier is then employed for the prediction and classification of intrusions.At last,the performance is estimated and the outcomes are projected in terms of grid voltage,grid current,Total Harmonic Distortion(THD),voltage sag/swell,accu-racy,precision,recall,F-score,false acceptance rate(FAR),and detection rate of the classifier.The analysis is compared with existing techniques to validate the proposed model efficiency.
文摘Numerical solutions of magnetodynamics （MHD） effects on the free convective flow of an incompressible viscous fluid past a moving semi-infinite vertical cylinder with temperature oscillation are presented. The dimensionless, unsteady, non-linear, and coupled governing partial differential equations are solved by using an implicit finite difference method of the Crank-Nicolson type. The velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles are studied for various parameters. The local skin-friction, the average skinfriction, the Nusselt number, and the Sherwood number are also analyzed and presented graphically. The results are compared with available results in literature, and are found to be in good agreement.
基金the University Grants Commission, Government of India, for the financial support under Research Fellowship in Science for Meritorious Students Research Scholars
文摘An analysis is carried out to study the combined effects of viscous and Ohmic heating in the transient, free convective flow of a viscous, incompressible, and doubly stratified fluid past an isothermal vertical plate with radiation and chemical reactions. The governing boundary layer equations are solved numerically by an implicit finite difference scheme of the Crank-Nicolson type. The influence of different parameters on the velocity, the temperature, the concentration, the skin friction, the Nusselt number, and the Sherwood number is discussed with graphical illustrations. It is observed that an increase in either the thermal stratification or the mass stratification parameter decreases the velocity. An increase in the thermal stratification increases the concentration and decreases the temperature while an opposite effect is observed for an increase in the mass stratification. An augmentation in viscous and Ohmic heating increases the velocity and temperature while decreases the concentration. The results are found to be in good agreement with the existing solutions in literature.
基金the funding and support from the RUSA-Phase 2.0 grant sanctioned vide Letter. No. F. 24-51/2014-U, Policy (TNMulti-Gen), Dept. of Edn. Govt. of India. Dt. 09.10.2018.
文摘The present work describes the effect of deposition potentials on structural,morphological,optical,electrical and photoconductivity responses of cuprous oxide(Cu2O)thin films deposited on fluorine-doped tin oxide glass substrate by employing electrodeposition technique.X-ray diffraction patterns reveal that the deposited films have a cubic structure grown along the preferential(111)growth orientation and crystallinity of the film deposited at.0.4 V is improved compared to the films deposited at.0.2,.0.3 and.0.5 V.Scanning electron microscopy displays that surface morphology of Cu2O film has a well-defined three-sided pyramid-shaped grains which are uniformly distributed over the surface of the substrates and are significantly changed as a function of deposition potential.Raman and photoluminescence spectra manifest that the film deposited at.0.4 V has a good crystal quality with higher acceptor concentration compared to other films.UV–visible analysis illustrates that the absorption of Cu2O thin film deposited at.0.4 V is notably higher compared to other films and the band gap of Cu2O thin films decreases from 2.1 to 2.04 eV with an increase in deposition potential from.0.2 to.0.5 V.The frequency–temperature dependence of impedance analysis shows that the film deposited at.0.4 V has a high conductivity.I– V measurements elucidate that the film deposited at.0.4 V exhibits a good photoconductivity response compared to films deposited in other deposition potentials.
