Bunchosia glanduliera stands out because of the high content of flavonoid compounds in the pulp, contributing to the antioxidant potential of fruit extracts. Another plant species rich in flavonoid compounds is Markha...Bunchosia glanduliera stands out because of the high content of flavonoid compounds in the pulp, contributing to the antioxidant potential of fruit extracts. Another plant species rich in flavonoid compounds is Markhamia tomentosa. However, to perform such an assay, a high-cost instrument is needed. To develop a simple and low-cost method for the determination of flavonoid compounds in M. tomentosa and B. glandulifera with PhotoMetrix<sup>®</sup> program application use pixels of digital imaging as an alternative method and linear correlation techniques for univariate analysis implementing systems of RGB colors (red, green, and blue). To determine the total flavonoids, the reaction with ferric chloride and quercetin was used as a control. For the acquisition of data or smartphones, low-cost materials were used, demonstrating the applicability of this analytical tool while comparing its cost to other analytical instrumentation. The total flavonoid content was also determined using a spectrophotometry technique in the visible ultraviolet spectrum (UV-Vis). The pulp of B. glandulifera showed the highest content of flavonoid compounds. The content of flavonoid compounds found in the fruit of B. glandulifera was 259.54 mg 100 g<sup>-1</sup>. In relation to the results found in the analysis of total flavonoids of M. tomentosa can be observed in the flower in natura has a higher content of these compounds. The use of PhotoMetrix<sup>®</sup> for the determination of flavonoid compounds in M. tomentosa and B. glandulifera reduced expense and analysis time. The method is reproducible and efficient. The proposed method can be adopted in different species.展开更多
Aiming to use lignocellulosic biomass as energy source, one of the process that may aggregate values is the densification process, which allows the production of bioenergy using solid fuels, mainly for reducing transp...Aiming to use lignocellulosic biomass as energy source, one of the process that may aggregate values is the densification process, which allows the production of bioenergy using solid fuels, mainly for reducing transportation costs. In this research, solid fuel from co-briquetting of wood residues from sawmill using commercial kraft lignin as binder was investigated. The effects of compression pressure (900, 1200 and 1500 PSI) and briquette formulation (varying wood and kraft lignin proportion) on the quality and characteristics of briquettes were evaluated. The main findings were that briquetting of wood residues with kraft lignin resulted in an improvement of bulk density, strength rupture modulus, low heating value (LHV) and high heating value (HHV). The briquettes using 4% and 6% of kraft lignin, and submitted to 1200 to 1500 PSI, presented higher bulk density and strength resistance, respectively. On the other hand, the heating values showed the highest results with the addition of 2% lignin at 900 PSI, being the legal range for additives in briquettes for many countries such as in European Union.展开更多
The high-spin level structure of 186 Au is re-investigated by means of in-beam γ-ray spectroscopy via the 172 Yb(19 F,5nγ )186 Au reaction.The oblate bands previously reported are revised and extended to higher-spin...The high-spin level structure of 186 Au is re-investigated by means of in-beam γ-ray spectroscopy via the 172 Yb(19 F,5nγ )186 Au reaction.The oblate bands previously reported are revised and extended to higher-spin states.A new Iπ =(20+) excited state has been identified and assigned to the πh-111/2 (×) vi-213/2h-19/2 configuration.The total Routhian surface and cranked shell model calculations suggest that the πh-111/2 (×) vi-213/2h-19/2 band in 186Au has a non-axial deformation.展开更多
Childhood obstructive sleep apnea(OSA)is a disorder of breathing during sleep characterized by prolonged partial upper airway obstruction and/or intermittent complete obstruction(obstructive apnea)that disrupts normal...Childhood obstructive sleep apnea(OSA)is a disorder of breathing during sleep characterized by prolonged partial upper airway obstruction and/or intermittent complete obstruction(obstructive apnea)that disrupts normal ventilation during sleep and normal sleep patterns in chil dren.展开更多
The ethanol electro-reforming process was studied over PtRu/C catalysts synthesized by the modified polyol method with different compositions.In particular,this work reports the influence of anodic Pt:Ru ratio(5:1,2:1...The ethanol electro-reforming process was studied over PtRu/C catalysts synthesized by the modified polyol method with different compositions.In particular,this work reports the influence of anodic Pt:Ru ratio(5:1,2:1 and 1:2)on the organic product distribution(acetaldehyde,acetic acid and ethyl acetate)and pure hydrogen generation at different current densities operation levels.Physicochemical characterization of the catalysts was made by X-ray diffraction(XRD),temperature-programmed reduction(TPR)and N_(2) adsorption-desorption measurements.XRD patterns showed that Ru is introduced into the Pt structure,forming an alloy between both metals.Also,the degree of alloy was higher by increasing the Ru amounts.From TPR profiles Pt was found to be properly reduced while Ru was both in metallic state and forming RuO2.The electrochemical behaviour of each catalyst towards ethanol electroreforming process was investigated through electrochemical techniques in a half cell and a single proton exchange membrane(PEM)cell systems.An intermediate Pt:Ru ratio was found to result in high current density and electrochemical surface area(ECSA)values along with lower amounts of adsorbed species.Also,Ru addition seems to diminish the degree of degradation of the catalyst.Based on characterization and in agreement with essays carried out in a PEM cell at mild conditions(80℃ and 1 atm),PtRu/C 2:1 anode provided the best electrocatalytic results in terms of current density(740 mA cm^(-2)),hydrogen production and selectivity toward acetic acid(up to 15%apart from acetaldehyde and ethyl acetate)while requiring the lowest energy consumption.展开更多
The aim of this work is to boost the combined hydrogen and added-values compounds generation(acetaldehyde, acetic acid and ethyl acetate) through ethanol electrochemical reforming using bimetallic anodes. In particula...The aim of this work is to boost the combined hydrogen and added-values compounds generation(acetaldehyde, acetic acid and ethyl acetate) through ethanol electrochemical reforming using bimetallic anodes. In particular, the influence of the secondary metal on the electrochemical performance as well as on the product distribution was studied. For that purpose, Pt X/C electrocatalysts(where X corresponds to Cu, Co, Ni and Ru) were synthesized by the modified polyol method and tested in both half-cell and proton exchange membrane(PEM) cell configurations. Characterization results showed that incorporation of Ni and Co into the Pt matrix enhances the morphological properties of the material, providing smaller crystallite sizes, higher active surface areas and hence, better dispersion when comparing to Ru and Cu-based electrocatalysts. Ethanol oxidation reaction(EOR) was evaluated by cyclic, linear voltammetry and chronopotentiometry assays. Pt Co/C and Pt Ni/C exhibited the highest electrocatalytic activity at high polarization levels, which translate into an improvement of more than 30%(up to 1050 m A cm^(-2)) in the hydrogen production and chemical yields. On the other hand, Pt Ru/C results more advantageous for a lower potential interval(<0.85 V) promoting the acetic acid production despite sacrificing ethanol conversion. Pt Cu/C presented the lowest results in both electrochemical performance and product distribution. Such differences in the electrochemical performance can be rationalized in terms of the synergistic effect between both metals(particle size distribution, grade of dispersion and hydrophilic behavior), which demonstrate that the incorporation of a different secondary metal plays an essential role in the EOR development.展开更多
High spin states in ^174Re are investigated via the ^152Sm（^27 AL,5nγ）^174Re reaction and γ - γ coincidence relationships are analysed carefully. A new band is identified due to its spectroscopic connection with ...High spin states in ^174Re are investigated via the ^152Sm（^27 AL,5nγ）^174Re reaction and γ - γ coincidence relationships are analysed carefully. A new band is identified due to its spectroscopic connection with the known π1/2^-[541] × ν1/2^-[521] band. This band is proposed to be the ground-state band built on the π1/2^-[541]× ,ν5/2^-[512] configuration in view of the low-lying intrinsic states in the neighbouring odd-mass nuclei. It is of particular interesting that the new band exhibits a phenomenon of low-spin signature inversion, providing a new situation for theoretical investigations.展开更多
A standard in-beam y-spectroscopy experiment for ^188Pt is performed via the ^176yb（^18O, 6n） reaction at beam energies of 88 and 95 MeV, and the level scheme for ^188Pt is established. Prolate and oblate shape coex...A standard in-beam y-spectroscopy experiment for ^188Pt is performed via the ^176yb（^18O, 6n） reaction at beam energies of 88 and 95 MeV, and the level scheme for ^188Pt is established. Prolate and oblate shape coexistence has been demonstrated to occur in ^188Pt by applying the projected shell model. The rotation Mignment of i13/2 neutrons drives the yrast sequence changing suddenly from prolate to oblate shape at angular momentum 1Oh, indicating likely a new type of shape phase transition along the yrast fine in ^188Pt.展开更多
High spin states in ^174Re have been investigated via the ^152Sm （^27 Al, 5nγ） ^174Re reaction. Gamma-ray excitation functions, x-γ and γ-γ coincidences have been measured. Two rotational bands built on the πh9...High spin states in ^174Re have been investigated via the ^152Sm （^27 Al, 5nγ） ^174Re reaction. Gamma-ray excitation functions, x-γ and γ-γ coincidences have been measured. Two rotational bands built on the πh9/2 × vi13/2 and πh11/2 × vi13/2 configurations have been identified and extended up to high-spin states. The relative spin and parity of the band levels have been unambiguously fixed due to observations of several inter-band transitions. Both the bands show the low-spin signature inversion, which is consistent with systematic expectations for the high-j two-quasiparticle bands in the A = 170 mass region.展开更多
Correction to:Global Health Research and Policy(2021)6:26 https://doi.org/10.1186/s41256-021-00210-6 Following publication of the original article[1],it is reported the second paragraph of the introduction includes so...Correction to:Global Health Research and Policy(2021)6:26 https://doi.org/10.1186/s41256-021-00210-6 Following publication of the original article[1],it is reported the second paragraph of the introduction includes some errors,as is indicated below.展开更多
Background:The current pandemic of coronavirus disease(COVID-19)caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)has shown epidemiological and clinical characteristics that appear worsened in h...Background:The current pandemic of coronavirus disease(COVID-19)caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)has shown epidemiological and clinical characteristics that appear worsened in hypertensive patients.The morbidity and mortality of the disease among hypertensive patients in Africa have yet to be well described.Methods:In this retrospective cohort study all confirmed COVID-19 adult patients(≥18 years of age)in Lagos between February 27 to July 62,020 were included.Demographic,clinical and outcome data were extracted from electronic medical records of patients admitted at the COVID-19 isolation centers in Lagos.Outcomes included dying,being discharged after recovery or being evacuated/transferred.Descriptive statistics considered proportions,means and medians.The Chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests were used in determining associations between variables.Kaplan–Meier survival analysis and Cox regression were performed to quantify the risk of worse outcomes among hypertensives with COVID-19 and adjust for confounders.P-value≤0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results:A total of 2075 adults with COVID-19 were included in this study.The prevalence of hypertension,the most common comorbidity,was 17.8%followed by diabetes(7.2%)and asthma(2.0%).Overall mortality was 4.2%while mortality among the hypertensives was 13.7%.Severe symptoms and mortality were significantly higher among the hypertensives and survival rates were significantly lowered by the presence of additional comorbidity to 50%from 91%for those with hypertension alone and from 98%for all other patients(P<0.001).After adjustment for confounders(age and sex),severe COVID-19and death were higher for hypertensives{severe/critical illness:HR=2.41,P=0.001,95%CI=1.4–4.0,death:HR=2.30,P=0.001,95%CI=1.2–4.6,for those with hypertension only}{severe/critical illness:HR=3.76,P=0.001,95%CI=2.1–6.4,death:crude HR=6.63,P=0.001,95%CI=3.4–1.6,for those with additional comorbidities}.Hypertension posed an increase展开更多
文摘Bunchosia glanduliera stands out because of the high content of flavonoid compounds in the pulp, contributing to the antioxidant potential of fruit extracts. Another plant species rich in flavonoid compounds is Markhamia tomentosa. However, to perform such an assay, a high-cost instrument is needed. To develop a simple and low-cost method for the determination of flavonoid compounds in M. tomentosa and B. glandulifera with PhotoMetrix<sup>®</sup> program application use pixels of digital imaging as an alternative method and linear correlation techniques for univariate analysis implementing systems of RGB colors (red, green, and blue). To determine the total flavonoids, the reaction with ferric chloride and quercetin was used as a control. For the acquisition of data or smartphones, low-cost materials were used, demonstrating the applicability of this analytical tool while comparing its cost to other analytical instrumentation. The total flavonoid content was also determined using a spectrophotometry technique in the visible ultraviolet spectrum (UV-Vis). The pulp of B. glandulifera showed the highest content of flavonoid compounds. The content of flavonoid compounds found in the fruit of B. glandulifera was 259.54 mg 100 g<sup>-1</sup>. In relation to the results found in the analysis of total flavonoids of M. tomentosa can be observed in the flower in natura has a higher content of these compounds. The use of PhotoMetrix<sup>®</sup> for the determination of flavonoid compounds in M. tomentosa and B. glandulifera reduced expense and analysis time. The method is reproducible and efficient. The proposed method can be adopted in different species.
文摘Aiming to use lignocellulosic biomass as energy source, one of the process that may aggregate values is the densification process, which allows the production of bioenergy using solid fuels, mainly for reducing transportation costs. In this research, solid fuel from co-briquetting of wood residues from sawmill using commercial kraft lignin as binder was investigated. The effects of compression pressure (900, 1200 and 1500 PSI) and briquette formulation (varying wood and kraft lignin proportion) on the quality and characteristics of briquettes were evaluated. The main findings were that briquetting of wood residues with kraft lignin resulted in an improvement of bulk density, strength rupture modulus, low heating value (LHV) and high heating value (HHV). The briquettes using 4% and 6% of kraft lignin, and submitted to 1200 to 1500 PSI, presented higher bulk density and strength resistance, respectively. On the other hand, the heating values showed the highest results with the addition of 2% lignin at 900 PSI, being the legal range for additives in briquettes for many countries such as in European Union.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 10905075,10825522,10735010,and 10975006the National Basic Research Program of China under Grant No 2007CB815005the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
文摘The high-spin level structure of 186 Au is re-investigated by means of in-beam γ-ray spectroscopy via the 172 Yb(19 F,5nγ )186 Au reaction.The oblate bands previously reported are revised and extended to higher-spin states.A new Iπ =(20+) excited state has been identified and assigned to the πh-111/2 (×) vi-213/2h-19/2 configuration.The total Routhian surface and cranked shell model calculations suggest that the πh-111/2 (×) vi-213/2h-19/2 band in 186Au has a non-axial deformation.
基金National Science and Technology Infrastructure Program(2017YFC0112502),ChinaCapital Funds for Health Improvement and Research(2018-1-2091),China+2 种基金Pediatric Medical Coordinated Development Center of Beijing Municipal Administration(XTZD20180101),ChinaBeijing University Construction Project of Advanced Subject(1192070301),ChinaBeijing Hospitals Authority's Ascent Plan(DFL20191201),China.
文摘Childhood obstructive sleep apnea(OSA)is a disorder of breathing during sleep characterized by prolonged partial upper airway obstruction and/or intermittent complete obstruction(obstructive apnea)that disrupts normal ventilation during sleep and normal sleep patterns in chil dren.
基金the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness(projects CTQ2016-75491-R)for the financial support。
文摘The ethanol electro-reforming process was studied over PtRu/C catalysts synthesized by the modified polyol method with different compositions.In particular,this work reports the influence of anodic Pt:Ru ratio(5:1,2:1 and 1:2)on the organic product distribution(acetaldehyde,acetic acid and ethyl acetate)and pure hydrogen generation at different current densities operation levels.Physicochemical characterization of the catalysts was made by X-ray diffraction(XRD),temperature-programmed reduction(TPR)and N_(2) adsorption-desorption measurements.XRD patterns showed that Ru is introduced into the Pt structure,forming an alloy between both metals.Also,the degree of alloy was higher by increasing the Ru amounts.From TPR profiles Pt was found to be properly reduced while Ru was both in metallic state and forming RuO2.The electrochemical behaviour of each catalyst towards ethanol electroreforming process was investigated through electrochemical techniques in a half cell and a single proton exchange membrane(PEM)cell systems.An intermediate Pt:Ru ratio was found to result in high current density and electrochemical surface area(ECSA)values along with lower amounts of adsorbed species.Also,Ru addition seems to diminish the degree of degradation of the catalyst.Based on characterization and in agreement with essays carried out in a PEM cell at mild conditions(80℃ and 1 atm),PtRu/C 2:1 anode provided the best electrocatalytic results in terms of current density(740 mA cm^(-2)),hydrogen production and selectivity toward acetic acid(up to 15%apart from acetaldehyde and ethyl acetate)while requiring the lowest energy consumption.
基金We gratefully acknowledge the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation(project PID2019-107499RB-100 and FPI grant BES-2017-081181)for the financial support.
文摘The aim of this work is to boost the combined hydrogen and added-values compounds generation(acetaldehyde, acetic acid and ethyl acetate) through ethanol electrochemical reforming using bimetallic anodes. In particular, the influence of the secondary metal on the electrochemical performance as well as on the product distribution was studied. For that purpose, Pt X/C electrocatalysts(where X corresponds to Cu, Co, Ni and Ru) were synthesized by the modified polyol method and tested in both half-cell and proton exchange membrane(PEM) cell configurations. Characterization results showed that incorporation of Ni and Co into the Pt matrix enhances the morphological properties of the material, providing smaller crystallite sizes, higher active surface areas and hence, better dispersion when comparing to Ru and Cu-based electrocatalysts. Ethanol oxidation reaction(EOR) was evaluated by cyclic, linear voltammetry and chronopotentiometry assays. Pt Co/C and Pt Ni/C exhibited the highest electrocatalytic activity at high polarization levels, which translate into an improvement of more than 30%(up to 1050 m A cm^(-2)) in the hydrogen production and chemical yields. On the other hand, Pt Ru/C results more advantageous for a lower potential interval(<0.85 V) promoting the acetic acid production despite sacrificing ethanol conversion. Pt Cu/C presented the lowest results in both electrochemical performance and product distribution. Such differences in the electrochemical performance can be rationalized in terms of the synergistic effect between both metals(particle size distribution, grade of dispersion and hydrophilic behavior), which demonstrate that the incorporation of a different secondary metal plays an essential role in the EOR development.
文摘High spin states in ^174Re are investigated via the ^152Sm（^27 AL,5nγ）^174Re reaction and γ - γ coincidence relationships are analysed carefully. A new band is identified due to its spectroscopic connection with the known π1/2^-[541] × ν1/2^-[521] band. This band is proposed to be the ground-state band built on the π1/2^-[541]× ,ν5/2^-[512] configuration in view of the low-lying intrinsic states in the neighbouring odd-mass nuclei. It is of particular interesting that the new band exhibits a phenomenon of low-spin signature inversion, providing a new situation for theoretical investigations.
基金Supported by the Major State Basic Research Programme of China 2007CB815001, the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No 10775158, and the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
文摘A standard in-beam y-spectroscopy experiment for ^188Pt is performed via the ^176yb（^18O, 6n） reaction at beam energies of 88 and 95 MeV, and the level scheme for ^188Pt is established. Prolate and oblate shape coexistence has been demonstrated to occur in ^188Pt by applying the projected shell model. The rotation Mignment of i13/2 neutrons drives the yrast sequence changing suddenly from prolate to oblate shape at angular momentum 1Oh, indicating likely a new type of shape phase transition along the yrast fine in ^188Pt.
文摘High spin states in ^174Re have been investigated via the ^152Sm （^27 Al, 5nγ） ^174Re reaction. Gamma-ray excitation functions, x-γ and γ-γ coincidences have been measured. Two rotational bands built on the πh9/2 × vi13/2 and πh11/2 × vi13/2 configurations have been identified and extended up to high-spin states. The relative spin and parity of the band levels have been unambiguously fixed due to observations of several inter-band transitions. Both the bands show the low-spin signature inversion, which is consistent with systematic expectations for the high-j two-quasiparticle bands in the A = 170 mass region.
文摘Correction to:Global Health Research and Policy(2021)6:26 https://doi.org/10.1186/s41256-021-00210-6 Following publication of the original article[1],it is reported the second paragraph of the introduction includes some errors,as is indicated below.
基金study was by the Government of Lagos State through its COVID-19 Outbreak Response and Countermeasure.
文摘Background:The current pandemic of coronavirus disease(COVID-19)caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)has shown epidemiological and clinical characteristics that appear worsened in hypertensive patients.The morbidity and mortality of the disease among hypertensive patients in Africa have yet to be well described.Methods:In this retrospective cohort study all confirmed COVID-19 adult patients(≥18 years of age)in Lagos between February 27 to July 62,020 were included.Demographic,clinical and outcome data were extracted from electronic medical records of patients admitted at the COVID-19 isolation centers in Lagos.Outcomes included dying,being discharged after recovery or being evacuated/transferred.Descriptive statistics considered proportions,means and medians.The Chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests were used in determining associations between variables.Kaplan–Meier survival analysis and Cox regression were performed to quantify the risk of worse outcomes among hypertensives with COVID-19 and adjust for confounders.P-value≤0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results:A total of 2075 adults with COVID-19 were included in this study.The prevalence of hypertension,the most common comorbidity,was 17.8%followed by diabetes(7.2%)and asthma(2.0%).Overall mortality was 4.2%while mortality among the hypertensives was 13.7%.Severe symptoms and mortality were significantly higher among the hypertensives and survival rates were significantly lowered by the presence of additional comorbidity to 50%from 91%for those with hypertension alone and from 98%for all other patients(P<0.001).After adjustment for confounders(age and sex),severe COVID-19and death were higher for hypertensives{severe/critical illness:HR=2.41,P=0.001,95%CI=1.4–4.0,death:HR=2.30,P=0.001,95%CI=1.2–4.6,for those with hypertension only}{severe/critical illness:HR=3.76,P=0.001,95%CI=2.1–6.4,death:crude HR=6.63,P=0.001,95%CI=3.4–1.6,for those with additional comorbidities}.Hypertension posed an increase
