AIM: To investigate the population-based prevalence of fatty liver disease (FLD) and its risk factors in Guangdong Province,China. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey with multiple-stage stratified cluster and random sa...AIM: To investigate the population-based prevalence of fatty liver disease (FLD) and its risk factors in Guangdong Province,China. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey with multiple-stage stratified cluster and random sampling of inhabitants over 7-year-old was performed in 6 urban and rural areas of Guangdong Province,China. Questionnaires,designed by co-working of epidemiologists and hepatologists,included demographic characteristics,current medication use,medical history and health-relevant behaviors,i.e. alcohol consumption,smoking habits,dietary habits and physical activities. Anthropometric measurements,biochemical tests and abdominal ultrasonography were carried out. RESULTS: Among the 3543 subjects,609 (17.2%) were diagnosed having FLD (18.0% males,16.7% females,P > 0.05). Among them,the prevalence of confirmed alcoholic liver disease (ALD),suspected ALD and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) were 0.4%,1.8%,and 15.0%,respectively. The prevalence rate (23.0%) was significantly higher in urban areas than (12.9%) in rural areas. After adjustment for age,gender and residency,the standardized prevalence of FLD in adults was 14.5%. Among them,confirmed ALD,suspected ALD and NAFLD were 0.5%,2.3%,and 11.7%,respectively,in adults and 1.3% (all NAFLD) in children at the age of 7-18 years. The overall prevalence of FLD increased with age in both genders to the peak of 27.4% in the group of subjects at the age of 60-70 years. The prevalence rate was significantly higher in men than in women under the age of 50 years (22.4% vs 7.1%,P < 0.001). However,the opposite phenomenon was found over the age of 50 years (20.6% vs 27.6%,P < 0.05). Multivariate and logistic regression analysis indicated that male gender,urban residency,low education,high blood pressure,body mass index,waist circumference,waist to hip ratio,serum triglyceride and glucose levels were the risk factors for FLD. CONCLUSION: FLD,especially NAFLD,is prevalent in South China. There are many risk factors for FLD.展开更多
A long-term experiment was conducted to investigate how long-term fertilization and rice straw incorporation into soil affect soil glomalin, C and N. The combined application of chemical fertilizer and straw resulted ...A long-term experiment was conducted to investigate how long-term fertilization and rice straw incorporation into soil affect soil glomalin, C and N. The combined application of chemical fertilizer and straw resulted in a significant increase in both soil easily extractable glomalin (EEG) and total glomalin (TG) concentrations, as compared with application of only chemical fertilizer or no fertilizer application. The EEG and TG concentrations of the NPKS (nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizer application + rice straw return) plot were 4.68% and 5.67% higher than those of the CK (unfertilized control) plot, and 9.87% and 6.23% higher than those of the NPK (nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizer applied annually) plot, respectively. Application of only chemical fertilizer did not cause a statistically significant change of soil glomalin compared with no fertilizer application. The changes of soil organic C (SOC) and total N (TN) contents demonstrated a similar trend to soil glomalin in these plots. The SOC and TN contents of NPKS plot were 15.01% and 9.18% higher than those of the CK plot, and 8.85% and 14.76% higher than those of the NPK plot, respectively. Rice straw return also enhanced the contents of microbial biomass C (MBC) and microbial biomass N (MBN) in the NPKS plot by 7.76% for MBC and 31.42% for MBN compared with the CK plot, and 12.66% for MBC and 15.07% for MBN compared with the NPK plots, respectively. Application of only chemical fertilizer, however, increased MBN concentration, but decreased MBC concentration in soil.展开更多
A 2-yr field experiment was conducted on a calcareous alluvial soil with four summer maize intercropping systems at Shangzhuang Experiment Station （116.3°E, 39.9°N） in the North China Plain. The objective ...A 2-yr field experiment was conducted on a calcareous alluvial soil with four summer maize intercropping systems at Shangzhuang Experiment Station （116.3°E, 39.9°N） in the North China Plain. The objective was to determine nitrate leaching from intercropping systems involving maize （Zea mays L.）： sole maize （CK）, maize ＋ soybean （CST）, maize ＋ groundnut （CGT）, maize ＋ ryegrass （CHM）, and maize ＋ alfalfa （CMX）. Intercropping greatly reduced nitrate accumulation in the 100-200 cm soil layers compared with maize monoculture. Nitrate accumulation under intercropping systems decreased significantly at the 140-200 cm soil depth; the accumulation varied in the order CK〉CST〉CMX〉CHM〉CGT. However, compared to the CK treatment, nitrate leaching losses during the maize growing period were reduced by 20.9- 174.8 （CGT）, 35.2-130.8 （CHM）, 60.4-122.0 （CMX）, and 30.6-82.4 kg ha-1 （CST）. The results also suggested that intereropping is an effective way to reduce nitrogen leaching in fields with N fertilizer over-dose.展开更多
Objective To investigate the association between vitamin D deficiency and risk of gestational diabetes rnellitus （GDM） in pregnant Chinese women. Methods A nested case-control study was conducted. Clinical and bioch...Objective To investigate the association between vitamin D deficiency and risk of gestational diabetes rnellitus （GDM） in pregnant Chinese women. Methods A nested case-control study was conducted. Clinical and biochemical data were analyzed for 200 subjects with GDM and 200 subjects with normal glucose tolerance （NGT）. Results The median （interquartile range） serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D （25OHD） levels were 22.39 （17.67, 29.38） and 25.86 （19.09, 34.88） nmol/L in the GDM and NGT groups, respectively. Rates of 25OHD deficiency or insufficiency were significantly higher in the GDM group than in the NGT group. Subjects with 25OHD levels 〈25 nmol/L had a 1.g-fold higher risk of GDM compared with subjects with higher vitamin D levels. In the GDM group, serum 25OHD was independently associated with HbAlc and insulin resistance after adjusting for confounding factors. In the NGT group, serum 25OHD was independently associated with fasting plasma glucose and systolic blood pressure after adjusting for maternal age and other confounding factors. Conclusion 2SOHD insufficiency is very common in Chinese women. Low 25OHD status may be associated with insulin resistance and act as a risk factor for GDM.展开更多
目的评估基于样本熵(sample entropy,SampEn)等脑电参数的麻醉深度指数(depth of anesthesia index,Ai)在全凭静脉麻醉中反映意识状态的情况。方法将Ai和BIS的电极片通过随机数字表法随机贴于同一患者前额的左右两侧。血浆靶控输注丙泊...目的评估基于样本熵(sample entropy,SampEn)等脑电参数的麻醉深度指数(depth of anesthesia index,Ai)在全凭静脉麻醉中反映意识状态的情况。方法将Ai和BIS的电极片通过随机数字表法随机贴于同一患者前额的左右两侧。血浆靶控输注丙泊酚以每分钟增加0.5mg/L的速度增加直至患者意识消失loss of consciousness,LOC).记录麻醉诱导和麻醉复苏过程中丙泊酚效应室浓度(effect-site concentration,Ce)、Ai和BIS数值并比较分析。通过Logistic回归模型分析意识状态和Ai、BIS的相关性。结果6家医院144例患者顺利完成实验。LOC时Ai为61±12、BIS为62±11,LOC后1min内Ai减少15.0%、BIS减少9.3%;意识恢复(recovery of consciousness,ROC)时Ai为74±14、BIS为76±8,ROC后1min内Ai增加15.0%、BIS增加7.0%。95%LOC时Ai为48.3、BIS为52.3;5%ROC时Ai为55.7、BIS为63.1。结论在LOC时和ROC时,以及用Logistic回归模型预测50%LOC和50%ROC时,Ai对比BIS二者的差距均很小,在临床判断麻醉深度上没有差别。在意识的变化过程中,Ai的改变比BIS更明显,更能反映意识的改变。展开更多
Aging biomarkers are a combination of biological parameters to(i)assess age-related changes,(ii)track the physiological aging process,and(iii)predict the transition into a pathological status.Although a broad spectrum...Aging biomarkers are a combination of biological parameters to(i)assess age-related changes,(ii)track the physiological aging process,and(iii)predict the transition into a pathological status.Although a broad spectrum of aging biomarkers has been developed,their potential uses and limitations remain poorly characterized.An immediate goal of biomarkers is to help us answer the following three fundamental questions in aging research:How old are we?Why do we get old?And how can we age slower?This review aims to address this need.Here,we summarize our current knowledge of biomarkers developed for cellular,organ,and organismal levels of aging,comprising six pillars:physiological characteristics,medical imaging,histological features,cellular alterations,molecular changes,and secretory factors.To fulfill all these requisites,we propose that aging biomarkers should qualify for being specific,systemic,and clinically relevant.展开更多
According to the characteristics of comprehensive mechanized heading face, established the mathematical model of single-phase air flow with κ-ε two equations model, and have established κ-ε-θ-κp mathematic model...According to the characteristics of comprehensive mechanized heading face, established the mathematical model of single-phase air flow with κ-ε two equations model, and have established κ-ε-θ-κp mathematic model to solve two-phase flow of gas and particles in dust space with eulerian-eulerian method and eulerian-lagrangian method. Numerical solution of gas-particle two-phase flow was put forward based on collocated grid SIMPLE algorithm. Moreover, numerical simulation of dust concentration in fully mechanized caving face was carded out by using Fluent software. Finally, when in forced-exhaust ventilation circumstance, drawer type fan drum have less dust absorption, and most of dust spread to the other site; the dust concentration is inversely proportional to the distance from tunneling head, and the dust concentration has already diffused to decrease below 102 mg/m3 at the position ofx=12 m. Dust are more focused on relative side（in the range about y from 0 to 2 meter） of roadway space of press-ventilated fan drum, especially between tunneling place and drawer type fan drum; the roadway with road header have a higher dust concentration. These conclusions provide reliable theory basis for the dust prevention in comprehensive mechanized heading face.展开更多
Background：To investigate the contributions ofCYP2C 19 polymorphisms to the various clopidogrel responses tested by thrombelastography （TEG） in Chinese patients with the acute coronary syndrome （ACS）.Methods：Pat...Background：To investigate the contributions ofCYP2C 19 polymorphisms to the various clopidogrel responses tested by thrombelastography （TEG） in Chinese patients with the acute coronary syndrome （ACS）.Methods：Patients were screened prospectively with ACS diagnose and were treated with clopidogrel and aspirin dual antiplatelet therapy.CYP2C 19 loss of function （LOF） and gain of function （GOF） genotype,adenosine 5＇-diphosphate （ADP）-channel platelet inhibition rate （PIR） tested by TEG and the occurrence of 3-month major adverse cardiovascular events and ischemic events were assessed in 116 patients.Results：High on-treatment platelet reactivity （HTPR） prevalence defined by PIR 〈30% by TEG in ADP-channel was 32.76% （38/116）.With respect to the normal wild type,CYP2C 19＊2,and ＊3 LOF alleles,and ＊ 17 GOF alleles,patients were classified into three metabolism phenotypes：41.38% were extensive metabolizers （EMs）,56.90% were intermediate metabolizers （IMs）,and 1.72% were poor metabolizers （PMs）.Of the enrolled patients,31.47%,5.17%,and 0.43%,respectively,were carriers of ＊2,＊3,and ＊ 17 alleles.The HTPR incidence differed significantly according to CYP2C 19 genotypes,accounting for 18.75%,41.54%,and 100.00% in EMs,IMs,and PMs,respectively.Eighteen （17.24%） ischemic events occurred during the 3-month follow-up,and there was a significant difference in ischemic events between HTPR group and nonhigh on-treatment platelet reactivity group.Conclusions：Genetic CYP2C 19 polymorphisms are relative to the inferior,the antiplatelet activity after clopidogrel admission and may increase the incidence of ischemic events in patients with ACS.展开更多
Nowadays, despite the high prevalence of hypertension, the awareness rate and control rate of this disease are still very low. In addition, the prevalence of hypertension in old population is very high, and most of ca...Nowadays, despite the high prevalence of hypertension, the awareness rate and control rate of this disease are still very low. In addition, the prevalence of hypertension in old population is very high, and most of cases are isolated systolic hypertension （ISH）. We investigated people ranging in age from 80 to 99 years in 28 cadre retirement centers in Beijing to study the prevalence and incidence of target organ injury and analyze the relative factors of ISH.展开更多
Gram-negative pathogen–induced nosocomial infections and resistance are a most serious menace to global public health. Qingfei Xiaoyan Wan(QF), a traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)formula, has been used clinically in ...Gram-negative pathogen–induced nosocomial infections and resistance are a most serious menace to global public health. Qingfei Xiaoyan Wan(QF), a traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)formula, has been used clinically in China for the treatment of upper respiratory tract infections, acute or chronic bronchitis and pulmonary infection. In this study, the effects of QF on Pseudomonas aeruginosa–induced acute pneumonia in mice were evaluated. The mechanisms by which four typical antiinflammatory ingredients from QF, arctigenin(ATG), cholic acid(CLA), chlorogenic acid(CGA) and sinapic acid(SPA), regulate anti-inflammatory signaling pathways and related targets were investigated using molecular biology and molecular docking techniques. The results showed that pretreatment with QF significantly inhibits the release of cytokines(TNF-α and IL-6) and chemokines(IL-8 and RANTES),reduces leukocytes recruitment into inflamed tissues and ameliorates pulmonary edema and necrosis. In addition, ATG was identified as the primary anti-inflammatory agent with action on the PI3K/AKT and Ras/MAPK pathways. CLA and CGA enhanced the actions of ATG and exhibited synergistic NF-κB inactivation effects possibly via the Ras/MAPK signaling pathway. Moreover, CLA is speculated to target FGFR and MEK firstly. Overall, QF regulated the PI3K/AKT and Ras/MAPK pathways to inhibit pathogenic bacterial infections effectively.展开更多
基金Supported by a Grant from Guangzhou Health Bureau Project, No. 2004-Z001
文摘AIM: To investigate the population-based prevalence of fatty liver disease (FLD) and its risk factors in Guangdong Province,China. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey with multiple-stage stratified cluster and random sampling of inhabitants over 7-year-old was performed in 6 urban and rural areas of Guangdong Province,China. Questionnaires,designed by co-working of epidemiologists and hepatologists,included demographic characteristics,current medication use,medical history and health-relevant behaviors,i.e. alcohol consumption,smoking habits,dietary habits and physical activities. Anthropometric measurements,biochemical tests and abdominal ultrasonography were carried out. RESULTS: Among the 3543 subjects,609 (17.2%) were diagnosed having FLD (18.0% males,16.7% females,P > 0.05). Among them,the prevalence of confirmed alcoholic liver disease (ALD),suspected ALD and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) were 0.4%,1.8%,and 15.0%,respectively. The prevalence rate (23.0%) was significantly higher in urban areas than (12.9%) in rural areas. After adjustment for age,gender and residency,the standardized prevalence of FLD in adults was 14.5%. Among them,confirmed ALD,suspected ALD and NAFLD were 0.5%,2.3%,and 11.7%,respectively,in adults and 1.3% (all NAFLD) in children at the age of 7-18 years. The overall prevalence of FLD increased with age in both genders to the peak of 27.4% in the group of subjects at the age of 60-70 years. The prevalence rate was significantly higher in men than in women under the age of 50 years (22.4% vs 7.1%,P < 0.001). However,the opposite phenomenon was found over the age of 50 years (20.6% vs 27.6%,P < 0.05). Multivariate and logistic regression analysis indicated that male gender,urban residency,low education,high blood pressure,body mass index,waist circumference,waist to hip ratio,serum triglyceride and glucose levels were the risk factors for FLD. CONCLUSION: FLD,especially NAFLD,is prevalent in South China. There are many risk factors for FLD.
基金Project supported by the National Key Basic Research Support Foundation of China (No.2002CB410810).
文摘A long-term experiment was conducted to investigate how long-term fertilization and rice straw incorporation into soil affect soil glomalin, C and N. The combined application of chemical fertilizer and straw resulted in a significant increase in both soil easily extractable glomalin (EEG) and total glomalin (TG) concentrations, as compared with application of only chemical fertilizer or no fertilizer application. The EEG and TG concentrations of the NPKS (nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizer application + rice straw return) plot were 4.68% and 5.67% higher than those of the CK (unfertilized control) plot, and 9.87% and 6.23% higher than those of the NPK (nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizer applied annually) plot, respectively. Application of only chemical fertilizer did not cause a statistically significant change of soil glomalin compared with no fertilizer application. The changes of soil organic C (SOC) and total N (TN) contents demonstrated a similar trend to soil glomalin in these plots. The SOC and TN contents of NPKS plot were 15.01% and 9.18% higher than those of the CK plot, and 8.85% and 14.76% higher than those of the NPK plot, respectively. Rice straw return also enhanced the contents of microbial biomass C (MBC) and microbial biomass N (MBN) in the NPKS plot by 7.76% for MBC and 31.42% for MBN compared with the CK plot, and 12.66% for MBC and 15.07% for MBN compared with the NPK plots, respectively. Application of only chemical fertilizer, however, increased MBN concentration, but decreased MBC concentration in soil.
基金the Key Technologies R&D Program of China during the 11th Five-Year Plan period (2007BAD89B01)the Key Technologies R&D Program of China during the 12th Five-Year Plan period(2011BAD16B15)the Project of Collaboration between Henan Province and Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Program (102106000034)
文摘A 2-yr field experiment was conducted on a calcareous alluvial soil with four summer maize intercropping systems at Shangzhuang Experiment Station （116.3°E, 39.9°N） in the North China Plain. The objective was to determine nitrate leaching from intercropping systems involving maize （Zea mays L.）： sole maize （CK）, maize ＋ soybean （CST）, maize ＋ groundnut （CGT）, maize ＋ ryegrass （CHM）, and maize ＋ alfalfa （CMX）. Intercropping greatly reduced nitrate accumulation in the 100-200 cm soil layers compared with maize monoculture. Nitrate accumulation under intercropping systems decreased significantly at the 140-200 cm soil depth; the accumulation varied in the order CK〉CST〉CMX〉CHM〉CGT. However, compared to the CK treatment, nitrate leaching losses during the maize growing period were reduced by 20.9- 174.8 （CGT）, 35.2-130.8 （CHM）, 60.4-122.0 （CMX）, and 30.6-82.4 kg ha-1 （CST）. The results also suggested that intereropping is an effective way to reduce nitrogen leaching in fields with N fertilizer over-dose.
基金partially supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation Project of China(grants 30971369,81170674,and 81070630)
文摘Objective To investigate the association between vitamin D deficiency and risk of gestational diabetes rnellitus （GDM） in pregnant Chinese women. Methods A nested case-control study was conducted. Clinical and biochemical data were analyzed for 200 subjects with GDM and 200 subjects with normal glucose tolerance （NGT）. Results The median （interquartile range） serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D （25OHD） levels were 22.39 （17.67, 29.38） and 25.86 （19.09, 34.88） nmol/L in the GDM and NGT groups, respectively. Rates of 25OHD deficiency or insufficiency were significantly higher in the GDM group than in the NGT group. Subjects with 25OHD levels 〈25 nmol/L had a 1.g-fold higher risk of GDM compared with subjects with higher vitamin D levels. In the GDM group, serum 25OHD was independently associated with HbAlc and insulin resistance after adjusting for confounding factors. In the NGT group, serum 25OHD was independently associated with fasting plasma glucose and systolic blood pressure after adjusting for maternal age and other confounding factors. Conclusion 2SOHD insufficiency is very common in Chinese women. Low 25OHD status may be associated with insulin resistance and act as a risk factor for GDM.
文摘目的评估基于样本熵(sample entropy,SampEn)等脑电参数的麻醉深度指数(depth of anesthesia index,Ai)在全凭静脉麻醉中反映意识状态的情况。方法将Ai和BIS的电极片通过随机数字表法随机贴于同一患者前额的左右两侧。血浆靶控输注丙泊酚以每分钟增加0.5mg/L的速度增加直至患者意识消失loss of consciousness,LOC).记录麻醉诱导和麻醉复苏过程中丙泊酚效应室浓度(effect-site concentration,Ce)、Ai和BIS数值并比较分析。通过Logistic回归模型分析意识状态和Ai、BIS的相关性。结果6家医院144例患者顺利完成实验。LOC时Ai为61±12、BIS为62±11,LOC后1min内Ai减少15.0%、BIS减少9.3%;意识恢复(recovery of consciousness,ROC)时Ai为74±14、BIS为76±8,ROC后1min内Ai增加15.0%、BIS增加7.0%。95%LOC时Ai为48.3、BIS为52.3;5%ROC时Ai为55.7、BIS为63.1。结论在LOC时和ROC时,以及用Logistic回归模型预测50%LOC和50%ROC时,Ai对比BIS二者的差距均很小,在临床判断麻醉深度上没有差别。在意识的变化过程中,Ai的改变比BIS更明显,更能反映意识的改变。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31730036,31871380,31871382,31930055,31930058,32000500,32022034,32030033,32070730,32130046,3217050247,32150005,32200595,32222024,81730019,81730022,81830014,81921006,81925005,81970426,81971301,81971312,82030041,82061160495,82070805,82071595,82090020,82100841,82120108009,82122024,82125002,82125011,82125012,82130045,82171284,82173061,82173398,82225007,82225015,82225017,82225018,82230047,82230088,82271600,91949106,91949201,92049116,92049302,92049304,92149303,92149306,92157202,92168201,92169102,92249301,92268201)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFA0800700,2018YFC2000100,2018YFC2000102,2018YFC2002003,2019YFA0110900,2019YFA0801703,2019YFA0801903,2019YFA0802202,2019YFA0904800,2020YFA0113400,2020YFA0803401,2020YFA0804000,2020YFC2002900,2020YFC2008000,2020YFE0202200,2021YFA0804900,2021YFA1100103,2021YFA1100900,2021YFE0114200,2021ZD0202400,2022YFA0806001,2022YFA0806002,2022YFA0806600,2022YFA1103200,2022YFA1103601,2022YFA1103701,2022YFA1103800,2022YFA1103801,2022YFA1104100,2022YFA1104904,2022YFA1303000,2022YFC2009900,2022YFC2502401,2022YFC3602400,2022YFE0118000,2022ZD0213200)+9 种基金the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA16030302,XDB39000000,XDB39030600)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences(2020085,2021080)CAS Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research(YSBR-076)the Program of the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(JQ20031)Clinical Research Operating Fund of Central High level hospitals(2022-PUMCHE-001)CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(CIFMS)(2022-I2M1-004)Talent Program of the Chinese Academy of Medical Science(2022RC310-10)Research Funds from Health@Inno HK Program launched by Innovation Technology Commission of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region,Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2020B1515020044)Guangzhou Planned Project of Science and Technology(202002020039)the Major Technology Innovation of Hubei Province(2019ACA14
文摘Aging biomarkers are a combination of biological parameters to(i)assess age-related changes,(ii)track the physiological aging process,and(iii)predict the transition into a pathological status.Although a broad spectrum of aging biomarkers has been developed,their potential uses and limitations remain poorly characterized.An immediate goal of biomarkers is to help us answer the following three fundamental questions in aging research:How old are we?Why do we get old?And how can we age slower?This review aims to address this need.Here,we summarize our current knowledge of biomarkers developed for cellular,organ,and organismal levels of aging,comprising six pillars:physiological characteristics,medical imaging,histological features,cellular alterations,molecular changes,and secretory factors.To fulfill all these requisites,we propose that aging biomarkers should qualify for being specific,systemic,and clinically relevant.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （51074100） the National Natural Science Foundation of Shan dong province （ZR2OIOEM016）
文摘According to the characteristics of comprehensive mechanized heading face, established the mathematical model of single-phase air flow with κ-ε two equations model, and have established κ-ε-θ-κp mathematic model to solve two-phase flow of gas and particles in dust space with eulerian-eulerian method and eulerian-lagrangian method. Numerical solution of gas-particle two-phase flow was put forward based on collocated grid SIMPLE algorithm. Moreover, numerical simulation of dust concentration in fully mechanized caving face was carded out by using Fluent software. Finally, when in forced-exhaust ventilation circumstance, drawer type fan drum have less dust absorption, and most of dust spread to the other site; the dust concentration is inversely proportional to the distance from tunneling head, and the dust concentration has already diffused to decrease below 102 mg/m3 at the position ofx=12 m. Dust are more focused on relative side（in the range about y from 0 to 2 meter） of roadway space of press-ventilated fan drum, especially between tunneling place and drawer type fan drum; the roadway with road header have a higher dust concentration. These conclusions provide reliable theory basis for the dust prevention in comprehensive mechanized heading face.
文摘Background：To investigate the contributions ofCYP2C 19 polymorphisms to the various clopidogrel responses tested by thrombelastography （TEG） in Chinese patients with the acute coronary syndrome （ACS）.Methods：Patients were screened prospectively with ACS diagnose and were treated with clopidogrel and aspirin dual antiplatelet therapy.CYP2C 19 loss of function （LOF） and gain of function （GOF） genotype,adenosine 5＇-diphosphate （ADP）-channel platelet inhibition rate （PIR） tested by TEG and the occurrence of 3-month major adverse cardiovascular events and ischemic events were assessed in 116 patients.Results：High on-treatment platelet reactivity （HTPR） prevalence defined by PIR 〈30% by TEG in ADP-channel was 32.76% （38/116）.With respect to the normal wild type,CYP2C 19＊2,and ＊3 LOF alleles,and ＊ 17 GOF alleles,patients were classified into three metabolism phenotypes：41.38% were extensive metabolizers （EMs）,56.90% were intermediate metabolizers （IMs）,and 1.72% were poor metabolizers （PMs）.Of the enrolled patients,31.47%,5.17%,and 0.43%,respectively,were carriers of ＊2,＊3,and ＊ 17 alleles.The HTPR incidence differed significantly according to CYP2C 19 genotypes,accounting for 18.75%,41.54%,and 100.00% in EMs,IMs,and PMs,respectively.Eighteen （17.24%） ischemic events occurred during the 3-month follow-up,and there was a significant difference in ischemic events between HTPR group and nonhigh on-treatment platelet reactivity group.Conclusions：Genetic CYP2C 19 polymorphisms are relative to the inferior,the antiplatelet activity after clopidogrel admission and may increase the incidence of ischemic events in patients with ACS.
文摘Nowadays, despite the high prevalence of hypertension, the awareness rate and control rate of this disease are still very low. In addition, the prevalence of hypertension in old population is very high, and most of cases are isolated systolic hypertension （ISH）. We investigated people ranging in age from 80 to 99 years in 28 cadre retirement centers in Beijing to study the prevalence and incidence of target organ injury and analyze the relative factors of ISH.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81173638 and 81373506)the Key Program of Natural Science of Foundation of TianjinChina(No.13JCZDJC31400)
文摘Gram-negative pathogen–induced nosocomial infections and resistance are a most serious menace to global public health. Qingfei Xiaoyan Wan(QF), a traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)formula, has been used clinically in China for the treatment of upper respiratory tract infections, acute or chronic bronchitis and pulmonary infection. In this study, the effects of QF on Pseudomonas aeruginosa–induced acute pneumonia in mice were evaluated. The mechanisms by which four typical antiinflammatory ingredients from QF, arctigenin(ATG), cholic acid(CLA), chlorogenic acid(CGA) and sinapic acid(SPA), regulate anti-inflammatory signaling pathways and related targets were investigated using molecular biology and molecular docking techniques. The results showed that pretreatment with QF significantly inhibits the release of cytokines(TNF-α and IL-6) and chemokines(IL-8 and RANTES),reduces leukocytes recruitment into inflamed tissues and ameliorates pulmonary edema and necrosis. In addition, ATG was identified as the primary anti-inflammatory agent with action on the PI3K/AKT and Ras/MAPK pathways. CLA and CGA enhanced the actions of ATG and exhibited synergistic NF-κB inactivation effects possibly via the Ras/MAPK signaling pathway. Moreover, CLA is speculated to target FGFR and MEK firstly. Overall, QF regulated the PI3K/AKT and Ras/MAPK pathways to inhibit pathogenic bacterial infections effectively.
