Mucocoele of the appendix occurs when obstruction of the appendiceal lumen results in mucus accumulation and consequent abnormal dilatation. The most impor- tant aetiology, from a surgical perspective, is either mucin...Mucocoele of the appendix occurs when obstruction of the appendiceal lumen results in mucus accumulation and consequent abnormal dilatation. The most impor- tant aetiology, from a surgical perspective, is either mucinous cystadenoma or cystadenocarcinoma. In the latter, a spontaneous or iatrogenic rupture of the mucocoele can lead to mucinous intraperitoneal ascites, a syndrome known as pseudomyxoma peritonei. Optimal management of mucoceles is achieved through accurate preoperative identification and subsequent careful resection. We report two cases and subsequently discuss the clinical presentation of mucocoeles, their association with pseudomyxoma peritonei and an optimal management of both conditions.展开更多
The surrogate reproduction technique,such as inter-specific spermatogonial stem cells(SSCs)transplantation(SSCT),provides a powerful tool for production of gametes derived from endangered species or those with desirab...The surrogate reproduction technique,such as inter-specific spermatogonial stem cells(SSCs)transplantation(SSCT),provides a powerful tool for production of gametes derived from endangered species or those with desirable traits.However,generation of genome-edited gametes from a different species or production of gametes from a phylogenetically distant species such as from a different subfamily,by SSCT,has not succeeded.Here,using two small cyprinid fishes from different subfamilies,Chinese rare minnow(gobiocypris rarus,for brief:Gr)and zebrafish(danio rerio),we successfully obtained Gr-derived genome-edited sperm in zebrafish by an optimized SSCT procedure.The transplanted Gr SSCs supported the host gonadal development and underwent normal spermatogenesis,resulting in a reconstructed fertile testis containing Gr spermatids and zebrafish testicular somatic cells.Interestingly,the surrogate spermatozoa resembled those of host zebrafish but not donor Gr in morphology and swimming behavior.When pou5f3 and chd knockout Gr SSCs were transplanted,Gr-derived genome-edited sperm was successfully produced in zebrafish.This is the first report demonstrating surrogate production of gametes from a different subfamily by SSCT,and surrogate production of genome-edited gametes from another species as well.This method is feasible to be applied to future breeding of commercial fish and livestock.展开更多
Objective: Tumor microenvironment, especially the host immune system, plays a pivotal role in tumor initiation and progression. Profiling of immune signature within tumor might uncover biomarkers for targeted therapie...Objective: Tumor microenvironment, especially the host immune system, plays a pivotal role in tumor initiation and progression. Profiling of immune signature within tumor might uncover biomarkers for targeted therapies and clinical outcomes. However, systematic analysis of immune-related genes in gastric cancer(GC) has not been reported.Methods: Expressions of a total of 718 immune-related genes were generated in 372 stomach adenocarcinoma(STAD) patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA) database using RNA-sequencing data. Integrated bioinformatics analyses were performed to identify prognostic factors as well.Results: Survival analyses revealed 73 genes, which were significantly associated with patient’s overall survival(OS). Taken together with clinicopathological parameters, we established a predictive model, containing 10 immune-related genes, which were NRP1, C6, CXCR4, LBP, PNMA1, TLR5, ITGA6, MICB, PBK and TNFRSF18,with powerful efficiency in distinguishing satisfactory or poor survival of STAD patients. Moreover, the top 3 ranked prognostic genes, NRP1, TGFβ2 and MFGE8, were also significantly associated with patient’s OS by an independent validation achieved from Kaplan-Meier plotter database.Conclusions: We profiled prognostic immune signature and established prognostic predictive model for GC,which could reflect immune disorders within tumor microenvironment, and also may provide novel predictive and therapeutic targets for GC patients in the near future.展开更多
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids(n-3 PUFAs),particularly docosahexaenoic acid(22:6n-3,DHA),play crucial roles in the reproductive health of vertebrates,including humans.Nevertheless,the underlying mechanism related...Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids(n-3 PUFAs),particularly docosahexaenoic acid(22:6n-3,DHA),play crucial roles in the reproductive health of vertebrates,including humans.Nevertheless,the underlying mechanism related to this phenomenon remains largely unknown.In this study,we employed two zebrafish genetic models,i.e.,elovl2^(-/-)mutant as an endogenous DHAdeficient model and fat1(omega-3 desaturase encoding gene)transgenic zebrafish as an endogenous DHA-rich model,to investigate the effects of DHA on oocyte maturation and quality.Results show that the elovl2^(-/-)mutants had much lower fecundity and poorer oocyte quality than the wild-type controls,while the fat1 zebrafish had higher fecundity and better oocyte quality than wildtype controls.DHA deficiency in elovl2^(-/-)embryos led to defects in egg activation,poor microtubule stability,and reduced pregnenolone levels.Further study revealed that DHA promoted pregnenolone synthesis by enhancing transcription of cyp11a1,which encodes the cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme,thereby stabilizing microtubule assembly during oogenesis.In turn,the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis was enhanced by DHA.In conclusion,using two unique genetic models,our findings demonstrate that endogenously synthesized DHA promotes oocyte maturation and quality by promoting pregnenolone production via transcriptional regulation of cyp11a1.展开更多
The discovery of a wild abortive-type(WA)cytoplasmic male sterile(CMS)line and breeding its restorer line have led to the commercialization of three-line hybrid rice,contributing considerably to global food security.H...The discovery of a wild abortive-type(WA)cytoplasmic male sterile(CMS)line and breeding its restorer line have led to the commercialization of three-line hybrid rice,contributing considerably to global food security.However,the molecular mechanisms underlyingfertility abortion and the restoration of CMs-WA lines remain largely elusive.In this study,we cloned a restorer gene,Rf2o,following a genome-wide association study analysis of the core parent lines of three-line hybrid rice.We found that Rf20 was present in all core parental lines,but different haplotypes and structural variants of its gene resulted in differences in Rf2o expression levels between sterileand restored lines.Rf20 could restorepollen fertility in the CMS-WA line and was found to be responsible for fertility restoration in some CMs lines under high temperatures.In addition,we found that Rf20 encodes a pentatricopeptide repeat protein that competes with WA352 for binding with COX11.This interaction enhances Cox11's function as a scavenger of reactive oxygen species,which in turn restores pollenfertility.Collectively,ourstudysuggestsanewactionmodeforpentatricopeptide repeatproteins inthe fertilityrestorationofCMs lines,providing an essential theoretical basisforbreedingrobustrestorer lines and for overcoming high temperature-induced fertility recovery of some CMS lines.展开更多
Zebrafish serve as a valuable model organism for studying germ cell biology and reproductive processes.The AB strain of zebrafish is proposed to exhibit a polygenic sex determination system,where most males initially ...Zebrafish serve as a valuable model organism for studying germ cell biology and reproductive processes.The AB strain of zebrafish is proposed to exhibit a polygenic sex determination system,where most males initially develop juvenile ovaries before committing to male fate.In species with chromosomal sex determination,gonadal somatic cells are recognized as key determinants of germ cell fate.Notably,the loss of germ cells in zebrafish leads to masculinization,implying that germ cells harbor an intrinsic feminization signal.However,the specific signal triggering oogenesis in zebrafish remains unclear.In the present study,we identified foxl2l as an oocyte progenitor-specific gene essential for initiating oogenesis in germ cells.Results showed that foxl2l-knockout zebrafish bypassed the juvenile ovary stage and exclusively developed into fertile males.Further analysis revealed that loss of foxl2l hindered the initiation of oocyte-specific meiosis and prevented entry into oogenesis,leading to premature spermatogenesis during early gonadal development.Furthermore,while mutation of the pro-male gene dmrt1 led to fertile female differentiation,simultaneous disruption of foxl2l in dmrt1 mutants completely blocked oogenesis,with a large proportion of germ cells arrested as germline stem cells,highlighting the crucial role of foxl2l in oogenesis.Overall,this study highlights the unique function of foxl2l as a germ cell-intrinsic gatekeeper of oogenesis in zebrafish.展开更多
The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/Cas9 technology has been widely utilized for knocking out genes involved in various biological processes in zebrafish. Despite this technology is e...The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/Cas9 technology has been widely utilized for knocking out genes involved in various biological processes in zebrafish. Despite this technology is efficient for generating different mutations, one of the main drawbacks is low survival rate during embryogenesis when knocking out some embryonic lethal genes. To overcome this problem, we developed a novel strategy using a combination of CRISPR/Cas9 mediated gene knockout with primordial germ cell(PGC) transplantation(PGCT) to facilitate and speed up the process of zebrafish mutant generation, particularly for embryonic lethal genes. Firstly, we optimized the procedure for CRISPR/Cas9 targeted PGCT by increasing the efficiencies of genome mutation in PGCs and induction of PGC fates in donor embryos for PGCT. Secondly, the optimized CRISPR/Cas9 targeted PGCT was utilized for generation of maternal-zygotic(MZ) mutants of tcf7l1a(gene essential for head development), pou5f3(gene essential for zygotic genome activation) and chd(gene essential for dorsal development) at F1 generation with relatively high efficiency. Finally, we revealed some novel phenotypes in MZ mutants of tcf7l1 a and chd, as MZtcf7l1 a showed elevated neural crest development while MZchd had much severer ventralization than its zygotic counterparts. Therefore, this study presents an efficient and powerful method for generating MZ mutants of embryonic lethal genes in zebrafish. It is also feasible to speed up the genome editing in commercial fishes by utilizing a similar approach by surrogate production of CRISPR/Cas9 targeted germ cells.展开更多
With the number of decommissioned electric vehicles increasing annually,a large amount of discarded power battery cathode material is in urgent need of treatment.However,common leaching methods for recovering metal sa...With the number of decommissioned electric vehicles increasing annually,a large amount of discarded power battery cathode material is in urgent need of treatment.However,common leaching methods for recovering metal salts are economically inefficient and polluting.Meanwhile,the recycled material obtained by lithium remediation alone has limited performance in cycling stability.Herein,a short method of solid-phase reduction is developed to recover spent LiFePO4 by simultaneously introducing Mg2+ions for hetero-atom doping.Issues of particle agglomeration,carbon layer breakage,lithium loss,and Fe3+defects in spent LiFePO4 are also addressed.Results show that Mg2+addition during regeneration can remarkably enhance the crystal structure stability and improve the Li+diffusion coefficient.The regenerated LiFePO4 exhibits significantly improved electrochemical performance with a specific discharge capacity of 143.2 mAh·g^(−1)at 0.2 C,and its capacity retention is extremely increased from 37.9%to 98.5%over 200 cycles at 1 C.Especially,its discharge capacity can reach 95.5 mAh·g^(−1)at 10 C,which is higher than that of spent LiFePO4(55.9 mAh·g^(−1)).All these results show that the proposed regeneration strategy of simultaneous carbon coating and Mg2+doping is suitable for the efficient treatment of spent LiFePO4.展开更多
The metallurgical properties of the CaO–SiO_(2)–Al_(2)O_(3)–4.6wt%Mg O–Fe_(2)O_(3)slag system,formed by the co-treatment process of spent automotive catalyst(SAC)and copper-bearing electroplating sludge(CBES),were...The metallurgical properties of the CaO–SiO_(2)–Al_(2)O_(3)–4.6wt%Mg O–Fe_(2)O_(3)slag system,formed by the co-treatment process of spent automotive catalyst(SAC)and copper-bearing electroplating sludge(CBES),were studied systematically in this paper.The slag structure,melting temperature,and viscous characteristics were investigated by Fourier transform infrared(FTIR)spectroscopy,Raman spectroscopy,Fact Sage calculation,and viscosity measurements.Experimental results show that the increase of Fe_(2)O_(3)content(3.8wt%–16.6wt%),the mass ratio of CaO/SiO_(2)(m(CaO)/m(SiO_(2)),0.5–1.3),and the mass ratio of SiO_(2)/Al_(2)O_(3)(m(SiO_(2))/m(Al_(2)O_(3)),1.0–5.0)can promote the depolymerization of silicate network,and the presence of a large amount of Fe_(2)O_(3)in form of tetrahedral and octahedral units ensures the charge compensation of Al^(3+)ions and makes Al_(2)O_(3)only behave as an acid oxide.Thermodynamic calculation and viscosity measurements show that with the increase of Fe_(2)O_(3)content,m(Ca O)/m(SiO_(2)),and m(SiO_(2))/m(Al_(2)O_(3)),the depolymerization of silicate network structure and low-melting-point phase transformation first occur within the slag,leading to the decrease in melting point and viscosity of the slag,while further increase causes the formation of high-melting-point phase and a resultant re-increase in viscosity and melting point.Based on experimental analysis,the preferred slag composition with low polymerization degree,viscosity,and melting point is as follows:Fe_(2)O_(3)content of 10.2wt%–13.4wt%,m(CaO)/m(SiO_(2))of 0.7–0.9 and m(SiO_(2))/m(Al_(2)O_(3))of 3.0–4.0.This work provides a theoretical support for slag design in co-smelting process of SAC and CBES.展开更多
Zebrafish(Danio rerio)has been used as a promising animal model to study gonadal development and gametogenesis.Although previous studies have identified critical molecules participating in zebrafish gonad differentiat...Zebrafish(Danio rerio)has been used as a promising animal model to study gonadal development and gametogenesis.Although previous studies have identified critical molecules participating in zebrafish gonad differentiation,a landscape view of the biological processes involved in this process is still lacking.Here we isolated intact zebrafish differentiating gonads,at 25 days post-fertilization(dpf)and 30 dpf and conducted RNA-seq analyses on the juvenile gonads that tended to develop into ovaries or testes.Our study demonstrates that the juvenile ovary and testis at 25 dpf and 30 dpf are different at the biological process level.During ovary differentiation,the biological processes related to metabolic activities in the production of energy and maternal substances,RNA degradation,and DNA repair were enriched.During testis differentiation,the biological processes related to cell proliferation,differentiation,and morphogenesis were enriched,with a total of 15 signaling pathways.Notably,we reveal that the immune-related processes are extensively involved in the regulation of testis development.Overall,this study provides a landscape of differentiated biological processes and novel insights into the initiation of sex differentiation in zebrafish.展开更多
The names of woody plants are the foundation of traditional knowledge of plant diversity and a traditional linguistic heritage.This article uses the methods of plant taxonomy,historical comparison and explanation meth...The names of woody plants are the foundation of traditional knowledge of plant diversity and a traditional linguistic heritage.This article uses the methods of plant taxonomy,historical comparison and explanation methods to clarify the naming structure,naming basis,and characteristics of Mongolian and Chinese names of woody plants based on Woody Plants in Inner Mongolia.展开更多
The use of plant materials as soil amendments is an uncommon practice amongst major farming communities in Ghana, although it is necessary for soil fertility improvement. An examination of the effects of soil amendmen...The use of plant materials as soil amendments is an uncommon practice amongst major farming communities in Ghana, although it is necessary for soil fertility improvement. An examination of the effects of soil amendments is necessary to encourage the use of under-utilized organic resources in Ghana. Thus, a field experiment was conducted using 8 different tropical plant materials mixed with chicken manure as soil amendments for growth of tomato as a test crop. The plant materials included Leucaena leueocephala, Centrosema pubescens, Sesbania sesban, Gliricidia sepium, Mucuna pruriens, Pueraria phaseoloides, Azadirachta indiea, and Theo- broma cacao. There were two other treatments： one with equivalent amounts of chemical fertilizers and the other with no-fertilizer input （control）. Plant materials were mixed with chicken manure to obtain a uniform carbon-to-nitrogen （C：N） ratio of 5：1. Except the no-fertilizer control, all treatments received the same amount of nitrogen （N）. To clarify the decomposition pattern of the plant materials in soil, an incubation experiment was conducted using only the plant materials before the field experiment. The Glirieidia treatment released significantly more mineral N than the other plant materials in the incubation experiment. However, the tomato fruit yield was not enhanced in the Gliricidia treatment in the field experiment. The known quality parameters of the tested plant materials, such as total N, total carbon （C）, C：N ratio, and total polyphenols, had minimal effects on their mineralization dynamics. Azadirachta showed the best synergistic effect with chicken manure through significantly increasing soil microbial biomass and fruit yield of tomato. This result provides insights into the possible adoption of Azadirachta in combination with chicken manure as a soil amendment in small-scale agricultural holdings.展开更多
In this paper, we consider a class of the infinitely differentiable functions with compact support on R2 , and give a kind of its direct sum decomposition.
ESA is an unsupervised approach to word segmentation previously proposed by Wang, which is an iterative process consisting of three phases: Evaluation, Selection and Adjustment. In this article, we propose Ex ESA, the...ESA is an unsupervised approach to word segmentation previously proposed by Wang, which is an iterative process consisting of three phases: Evaluation, Selection and Adjustment. In this article, we propose Ex ESA, the extension of ESA. In Ex ESA, the original approach is extended to a 2-pass process and the ratio of different word lengths is introduced as the third type of information combined with cohesion and separation. A maximum strategy is adopted to determine the best segmentation of a character sequence in the phrase of Selection. Besides, in Adjustment, Ex ESA re-evaluates separation information and individual information to overcome the overestimation frequencies. Additionally, a smoothing algorithm is applied to alleviate sparseness. The experiment results show that Ex ESA can further improve the performance and is time-saving by properly utilizing more information from un-annotated corpora. Moreover, the parameters of Ex ESA can be predicted by a set of empirical formulae or combined with the minimum description length principle.展开更多
:Colorectal cancer(CRC)is a heterogeneous cancer,and many risk factors for colorectal cancer have been established.For CRC metastasis,tumor cell migration,adhesion as well as invasion are important processes.Wiskott-A...:Colorectal cancer(CRC)is a heterogeneous cancer,and many risk factors for colorectal cancer have been established.For CRC metastasis,tumor cell migration,adhesion as well as invasion are important processes.Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein family member 3(WASF3)is necessary for metastasis of various types of cancers.However,its role in CRC progression has not been fully elucidated.This study examined the in vitro functional roles of WASF3 in the CRC and explored the underlying molecular mechanisms.We used siRNA-WASF3 to gene silence WASF3 in colon cancer cell(HCT116)in vitro.The effects of WASF3 silencing on HCT116 cell apoptosis,proliferation,migration,as well as invasion were assessed by flow cytometry,CCK-8,and transwell assays.ZNF471 protein expressions were detected by immunofluorescence staining and RT-PCR.Moreover,the effects of ZNF471 were studied on a series of in vitro antitumor-promoting assays using HCT116.WASF3 knockdown expression using small interfering RNA(siRNA)ameliorated CRC cell proliferation,anchorage-independent growth,invasion,and metastasis.Furthermore,we observed that WASF3 contributed to upregulating the metastasis signaling pathway through inhibiting the expression of ZNF471.Our study suggests that targeting WASF3 signaling might be a novel therapeutic strategy for treating CRC.展开更多
The 2016 Geoscience Frontiers Annual Convention was held in Beijing,China on October 14,2015 hosted by China University of Geosciences,Beijing（Fig.1）.This convention assembled earth scientists from six countries,inc...The 2016 Geoscience Frontiers Annual Convention was held in Beijing,China on October 14,2015 hosted by China University of Geosciences,Beijing（Fig.1）.This convention assembled earth scientists from six countries,including Australia（Dr.Christopher Spencer）,Italy（Prof.Emilio Saccani）,India（Prof.G.Parthasarathy and Prof.M.Jayananda）,Japan（Prof.Masaki Yoshida）,UK（Dr.Nick Roberts）,China,and also representative from Elsevier（Beijing）.展开更多
Geoscience Frontiers 2014 Annual Convention was held in Beijing, China during September 19 21, 2014 hosted by China University of Geosciences, Beijing （CUGB）, together with 2014 IAGR Convention and 11th Internationa...Geoscience Frontiers 2014 Annual Convention was held in Beijing, China during September 19 21, 2014 hosted by China University of Geosciences, Beijing （CUGB）, together with 2014 IAGR Convention and 11th International Conference on Gondwana to Asia. This grand event assembled more than 100 earth scientists from 17 countries and regions, including United States of America, Canada, United Kingdom, Russia. Australia, Germany, Canada, India, South Korea, Japan, Italy, Romania, Belgium, Israel, Kyrgyzstan, China's Mainland, Hong Kong and Taiwan.展开更多
The 2013 Geoscience Frontiers Annual Convention was held in Beijing, China during Nov. 1-2, 2013 hosted by China University of Geosciences, Beijing （CUGB） （Fig. 1 ）. This conference assembled earth scientists from...The 2013 Geoscience Frontiers Annual Convention was held in Beijing, China during Nov. 1-2, 2013 hosted by China University of Geosciences, Beijing （CUGB） （Fig. 1 ）. This conference assembled earth scientists from 5 countries, including China, India （Dr. C. Manikyamba, Miss Preetha Warrier）, Japan （Prof. T. Tsunogae）, South Korea （Prof. S. Kwon） and South Africa （Prof. H.M. Rajesh）, and also representatives from Elsevier （Beijing） and Thomson Reuters （Beijing） offices.展开更多
文摘Mucocoele of the appendix occurs when obstruction of the appendiceal lumen results in mucus accumulation and consequent abnormal dilatation. The most impor- tant aetiology, from a surgical perspective, is either mucinous cystadenoma or cystadenocarcinoma. In the latter, a spontaneous or iatrogenic rupture of the mucocoele can lead to mucinous intraperitoneal ascites, a syndrome known as pseudomyxoma peritonei. Optimal management of mucoceles is achieved through accurate preoperative identification and subsequent careful resection. We report two cases and subsequently discuss the clinical presentation of mucocoeles, their association with pseudomyxoma peritonei and an optimal management of both conditions.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32025037 and 31721005)the National Key R&D Project of China(2018YFA0801000 and 2018YFD0901205)+1 种基金Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA24010108)State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology(2019FBZ05)。
文摘The surrogate reproduction technique,such as inter-specific spermatogonial stem cells(SSCs)transplantation(SSCT),provides a powerful tool for production of gametes derived from endangered species or those with desirable traits.However,generation of genome-edited gametes from a different species or production of gametes from a phylogenetically distant species such as from a different subfamily,by SSCT,has not succeeded.Here,using two small cyprinid fishes from different subfamilies,Chinese rare minnow(gobiocypris rarus,for brief:Gr)and zebrafish(danio rerio),we successfully obtained Gr-derived genome-edited sperm in zebrafish by an optimized SSCT procedure.The transplanted Gr SSCs supported the host gonadal development and underwent normal spermatogenesis,resulting in a reconstructed fertile testis containing Gr spermatids and zebrafish testicular somatic cells.Interestingly,the surrogate spermatozoa resembled those of host zebrafish but not donor Gr in morphology and swimming behavior.When pou5f3 and chd knockout Gr SSCs were transplanted,Gr-derived genome-edited sperm was successfully produced in zebrafish.This is the first report demonstrating surrogate production of gametes from a different subfamily by SSCT,and surrogate production of genome-edited gametes from another species as well.This method is feasible to be applied to future breeding of commercial fish and livestock.
基金financially supported by the Scientific Research Foundation of Shanxi Province Healthy Commission (No. 2017068)the Doctor Scientific Research Foundation of Shanxi cancer hospital (No. 2017A03)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province (No. 201801D221259)
文摘Objective: Tumor microenvironment, especially the host immune system, plays a pivotal role in tumor initiation and progression. Profiling of immune signature within tumor might uncover biomarkers for targeted therapies and clinical outcomes. However, systematic analysis of immune-related genes in gastric cancer(GC) has not been reported.Methods: Expressions of a total of 718 immune-related genes were generated in 372 stomach adenocarcinoma(STAD) patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA) database using RNA-sequencing data. Integrated bioinformatics analyses were performed to identify prognostic factors as well.Results: Survival analyses revealed 73 genes, which were significantly associated with patient’s overall survival(OS). Taken together with clinicopathological parameters, we established a predictive model, containing 10 immune-related genes, which were NRP1, C6, CXCR4, LBP, PNMA1, TLR5, ITGA6, MICB, PBK and TNFRSF18,with powerful efficiency in distinguishing satisfactory or poor survival of STAD patients. Moreover, the top 3 ranked prognostic genes, NRP1, TGFβ2 and MFGE8, were also significantly associated with patient’s OS by an independent validation achieved from Kaplan-Meier plotter database.Conclusions: We profiled prognostic immune signature and established prognostic predictive model for GC,which could reflect immune disorders within tumor microenvironment, and also may provide novel predictive and therapeutic targets for GC patients in the near future.
基金supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Precision Seed Design and Breeding,XDA24010108)National Natural Science Foundation of China(31972780&31721005)+1 种基金National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFA0801000)State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology(2019FBZ05)。
文摘Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids(n-3 PUFAs),particularly docosahexaenoic acid(22:6n-3,DHA),play crucial roles in the reproductive health of vertebrates,including humans.Nevertheless,the underlying mechanism related to this phenomenon remains largely unknown.In this study,we employed two zebrafish genetic models,i.e.,elovl2^(-/-)mutant as an endogenous DHAdeficient model and fat1(omega-3 desaturase encoding gene)transgenic zebrafish as an endogenous DHA-rich model,to investigate the effects of DHA on oocyte maturation and quality.Results show that the elovl2^(-/-)mutants had much lower fecundity and poorer oocyte quality than the wild-type controls,while the fat1 zebrafish had higher fecundity and better oocyte quality than wildtype controls.DHA deficiency in elovl2^(-/-)embryos led to defects in egg activation,poor microtubule stability,and reduced pregnenolone levels.Further study revealed that DHA promoted pregnenolone synthesis by enhancing transcription of cyp11a1,which encodes the cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme,thereby stabilizing microtubule assembly during oogenesis.In turn,the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis was enhanced by DHA.In conclusion,using two unique genetic models,our findings demonstrate that endogenously synthesized DHA promotes oocyte maturation and quality by promoting pregnenolone production via transcriptional regulation of cyp11a1.
基金Biological Breeding-Major Projects(2023ZD04076)National Key Research and Development Project(2022YFD1200800)+1 种基金Hunan Natural Science Foundation(2023JJ30442)Special Funds for the Construction of Innovative Provinces in Hunan Province(2021NK1002).
文摘The discovery of a wild abortive-type(WA)cytoplasmic male sterile(CMS)line and breeding its restorer line have led to the commercialization of three-line hybrid rice,contributing considerably to global food security.However,the molecular mechanisms underlyingfertility abortion and the restoration of CMs-WA lines remain largely elusive.In this study,we cloned a restorer gene,Rf2o,following a genome-wide association study analysis of the core parent lines of three-line hybrid rice.We found that Rf20 was present in all core parental lines,but different haplotypes and structural variants of its gene resulted in differences in Rf2o expression levels between sterileand restored lines.Rf20 could restorepollen fertility in the CMS-WA line and was found to be responsible for fertility restoration in some CMs lines under high temperatures.In addition,we found that Rf20 encodes a pentatricopeptide repeat protein that competes with WA352 for binding with COX11.This interaction enhances Cox11's function as a scavenger of reactive oxygen species,which in turn restores pollenfertility.Collectively,ourstudysuggestsanewactionmodeforpentatricopeptide repeatproteins inthe fertilityrestorationofCMs lines,providing an essential theoretical basisforbreedingrobustrestorer lines and for overcoming high temperature-induced fertility recovery of some CMS lines.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32025037)Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2023YFD2401603)+2 种基金Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China(NK2022010207)Science and Technology Special Fund of Hainan Province(ZDYF2024XDNY256)Natural Science Foundation of Wuhan。
文摘Zebrafish serve as a valuable model organism for studying germ cell biology and reproductive processes.The AB strain of zebrafish is proposed to exhibit a polygenic sex determination system,where most males initially develop juvenile ovaries before committing to male fate.In species with chromosomal sex determination,gonadal somatic cells are recognized as key determinants of germ cell fate.Notably,the loss of germ cells in zebrafish leads to masculinization,implying that germ cells harbor an intrinsic feminization signal.However,the specific signal triggering oogenesis in zebrafish remains unclear.In the present study,we identified foxl2l as an oocyte progenitor-specific gene essential for initiating oogenesis in germ cells.Results showed that foxl2l-knockout zebrafish bypassed the juvenile ovary stage and exclusively developed into fertile males.Further analysis revealed that loss of foxl2l hindered the initiation of oocyte-specific meiosis and prevented entry into oogenesis,leading to premature spermatogenesis during early gonadal development.Furthermore,while mutation of the pro-male gene dmrt1 led to fertile female differentiation,simultaneous disruption of foxl2l in dmrt1 mutants completely blocked oogenesis,with a large proportion of germ cells arrested as germline stem cells,highlighting the crucial role of foxl2l in oogenesis.Overall,this study highlights the unique function of foxl2l as a germ cell-intrinsic gatekeeper of oogenesis in zebrafish.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Project of China (2018YFA0801000 and 2018YFD0901205)National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 31721005, 31671501 and 31222052)+1 种基金the Youth Innovation Association of CASthe State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology (No. 2019FBZ05).
文摘The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/Cas9 technology has been widely utilized for knocking out genes involved in various biological processes in zebrafish. Despite this technology is efficient for generating different mutations, one of the main drawbacks is low survival rate during embryogenesis when knocking out some embryonic lethal genes. To overcome this problem, we developed a novel strategy using a combination of CRISPR/Cas9 mediated gene knockout with primordial germ cell(PGC) transplantation(PGCT) to facilitate and speed up the process of zebrafish mutant generation, particularly for embryonic lethal genes. Firstly, we optimized the procedure for CRISPR/Cas9 targeted PGCT by increasing the efficiencies of genome mutation in PGCs and induction of PGC fates in donor embryos for PGCT. Secondly, the optimized CRISPR/Cas9 targeted PGCT was utilized for generation of maternal-zygotic(MZ) mutants of tcf7l1a(gene essential for head development), pou5f3(gene essential for zygotic genome activation) and chd(gene essential for dorsal development) at F1 generation with relatively high efficiency. Finally, we revealed some novel phenotypes in MZ mutants of tcf7l1 a and chd, as MZtcf7l1 a showed elevated neural crest development while MZchd had much severer ventralization than its zygotic counterparts. Therefore, this study presents an efficient and powerful method for generating MZ mutants of embryonic lethal genes in zebrafish. It is also feasible to speed up the genome editing in commercial fishes by utilizing a similar approach by surrogate production of CRISPR/Cas9 targeted germ cells.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province(No.2020SK2007)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(No.2019JJ50814)+2 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of Central South University(No.1053320211765)the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province of China(No.2017B030314046)Guangdong Academy of Sciences for Innovation Capacity Building(No.2016GDASRC0201).
文摘With the number of decommissioned electric vehicles increasing annually,a large amount of discarded power battery cathode material is in urgent need of treatment.However,common leaching methods for recovering metal salts are economically inefficient and polluting.Meanwhile,the recycled material obtained by lithium remediation alone has limited performance in cycling stability.Herein,a short method of solid-phase reduction is developed to recover spent LiFePO4 by simultaneously introducing Mg2+ions for hetero-atom doping.Issues of particle agglomeration,carbon layer breakage,lithium loss,and Fe3+defects in spent LiFePO4 are also addressed.Results show that Mg2+addition during regeneration can remarkably enhance the crystal structure stability and improve the Li+diffusion coefficient.The regenerated LiFePO4 exhibits significantly improved electrochemical performance with a specific discharge capacity of 143.2 mAh·g^(−1)at 0.2 C,and its capacity retention is extremely increased from 37.9%to 98.5%over 200 cycles at 1 C.Especially,its discharge capacity can reach 95.5 mAh·g^(−1)at 10 C,which is higher than that of spent LiFePO4(55.9 mAh·g^(−1)).All these results show that the proposed regeneration strategy of simultaneous carbon coating and Mg2+doping is suitable for the efficient treatment of spent LiFePO4.
基金financially supported by the Guangzhou Basic and Applied Basic Research Project,China(No.202102020623)the Guangdong Academy of Sciences’Project of Science and Technology Development,China(No.2020 GDASYL-20200103101)+1 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2020YFC1908902)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province Project,China(No.2020A1515010729)。
文摘The metallurgical properties of the CaO–SiO_(2)–Al_(2)O_(3)–4.6wt%Mg O–Fe_(2)O_(3)slag system,formed by the co-treatment process of spent automotive catalyst(SAC)and copper-bearing electroplating sludge(CBES),were studied systematically in this paper.The slag structure,melting temperature,and viscous characteristics were investigated by Fourier transform infrared(FTIR)spectroscopy,Raman spectroscopy,Fact Sage calculation,and viscosity measurements.Experimental results show that the increase of Fe_(2)O_(3)content(3.8wt%–16.6wt%),the mass ratio of CaO/SiO_(2)(m(CaO)/m(SiO_(2)),0.5–1.3),and the mass ratio of SiO_(2)/Al_(2)O_(3)(m(SiO_(2))/m(Al_(2)O_(3)),1.0–5.0)can promote the depolymerization of silicate network,and the presence of a large amount of Fe_(2)O_(3)in form of tetrahedral and octahedral units ensures the charge compensation of Al^(3+)ions and makes Al_(2)O_(3)only behave as an acid oxide.Thermodynamic calculation and viscosity measurements show that with the increase of Fe_(2)O_(3)content,m(Ca O)/m(SiO_(2)),and m(SiO_(2))/m(Al_(2)O_(3)),the depolymerization of silicate network structure and low-melting-point phase transformation first occur within the slag,leading to the decrease in melting point and viscosity of the slag,while further increase causes the formation of high-melting-point phase and a resultant re-increase in viscosity and melting point.Based on experimental analysis,the preferred slag composition with low polymerization degree,viscosity,and melting point is as follows:Fe_(2)O_(3)content of 10.2wt%–13.4wt%,m(CaO)/m(SiO_(2))of 0.7–0.9 and m(SiO_(2))/m(Al_(2)O_(3))of 3.0–4.0.This work provides a theoretical support for slag design in co-smelting process of SAC and CBES.
基金supported by grants from National Natural Science Foundation of China(31872550,31721005,and 31871305)National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFD0901205)+4 种基金Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA24010108)State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology(2019FBZ05,2020FB08)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2662019PY003,2662020PY001)HZAU-AGIS Cooperation Fund(SZYJY2021010)Huazhong Agricultural University Scientific&Technological Self-innovation Foundation(2016RC011).
文摘Zebrafish(Danio rerio)has been used as a promising animal model to study gonadal development and gametogenesis.Although previous studies have identified critical molecules participating in zebrafish gonad differentiation,a landscape view of the biological processes involved in this process is still lacking.Here we isolated intact zebrafish differentiating gonads,at 25 days post-fertilization(dpf)and 30 dpf and conducted RNA-seq analyses on the juvenile gonads that tended to develop into ovaries or testes.Our study demonstrates that the juvenile ovary and testis at 25 dpf and 30 dpf are different at the biological process level.During ovary differentiation,the biological processes related to metabolic activities in the production of energy and maternal substances,RNA degradation,and DNA repair were enriched.During testis differentiation,the biological processes related to cell proliferation,differentiation,and morphogenesis were enriched,with a total of 15 signaling pathways.Notably,we reveal that the immune-related processes are extensively involved in the regulation of testis development.Overall,this study provides a landscape of differentiated biological processes and novel insights into the initiation of sex differentiation in zebrafish.
文摘The names of woody plants are the foundation of traditional knowledge of plant diversity and a traditional linguistic heritage.This article uses the methods of plant taxonomy,historical comparison and explanation methods to clarify the naming structure,naming basis,and characteristics of Mongolian and Chinese names of woody plants based on Woody Plants in Inner Mongolia.
文摘The use of plant materials as soil amendments is an uncommon practice amongst major farming communities in Ghana, although it is necessary for soil fertility improvement. An examination of the effects of soil amendments is necessary to encourage the use of under-utilized organic resources in Ghana. Thus, a field experiment was conducted using 8 different tropical plant materials mixed with chicken manure as soil amendments for growth of tomato as a test crop. The plant materials included Leucaena leueocephala, Centrosema pubescens, Sesbania sesban, Gliricidia sepium, Mucuna pruriens, Pueraria phaseoloides, Azadirachta indiea, and Theo- broma cacao. There were two other treatments： one with equivalent amounts of chemical fertilizers and the other with no-fertilizer input （control）. Plant materials were mixed with chicken manure to obtain a uniform carbon-to-nitrogen （C：N） ratio of 5：1. Except the no-fertilizer control, all treatments received the same amount of nitrogen （N）. To clarify the decomposition pattern of the plant materials in soil, an incubation experiment was conducted using only the plant materials before the field experiment. The Glirieidia treatment released significantly more mineral N than the other plant materials in the incubation experiment. However, the tomato fruit yield was not enhanced in the Gliricidia treatment in the field experiment. The known quality parameters of the tested plant materials, such as total N, total carbon （C）, C：N ratio, and total polyphenols, had minimal effects on their mineralization dynamics. Azadirachta showed the best synergistic effect with chicken manure through significantly increasing soil microbial biomass and fruit yield of tomato. This result provides insights into the possible adoption of Azadirachta in combination with chicken manure as a soil amendment in small-scale agricultural holdings.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (11161030)
文摘In this paper, we consider a class of the infinitely differentiable functions with compact support on R2 , and give a kind of its direct sum decomposition.
基金supported in part by National Science Foundation of China under Grants No. 61303105 and 61402304the Humanity & Social Science general project of Ministry of Education under Grants No.14YJAZH046+2 种基金the Beijing Natural Science Foundation under Grants No. 4154065the Beijing Educational Committee Science and Technology Development Planned under Grants No.KM201410028017Beijing Key Disciplines of Computer Application Technology
文摘ESA is an unsupervised approach to word segmentation previously proposed by Wang, which is an iterative process consisting of three phases: Evaluation, Selection and Adjustment. In this article, we propose Ex ESA, the extension of ESA. In Ex ESA, the original approach is extended to a 2-pass process and the ratio of different word lengths is introduced as the third type of information combined with cohesion and separation. A maximum strategy is adopted to determine the best segmentation of a character sequence in the phrase of Selection. Besides, in Adjustment, Ex ESA re-evaluates separation information and individual information to overcome the overestimation frequencies. Additionally, a smoothing algorithm is applied to alleviate sparseness. The experiment results show that Ex ESA can further improve the performance and is time-saving by properly utilizing more information from un-annotated corpora. Moreover, the parameters of Ex ESA can be predicted by a set of empirical formulae or combined with the minimum description length principle.
基金Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi(Program No.2019SF-023)Basic Research Program of Natural Science in Shaanxi Province(Program No.2020JM-381)for their financial support.
文摘:Colorectal cancer(CRC)is a heterogeneous cancer,and many risk factors for colorectal cancer have been established.For CRC metastasis,tumor cell migration,adhesion as well as invasion are important processes.Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein family member 3(WASF3)is necessary for metastasis of various types of cancers.However,its role in CRC progression has not been fully elucidated.This study examined the in vitro functional roles of WASF3 in the CRC and explored the underlying molecular mechanisms.We used siRNA-WASF3 to gene silence WASF3 in colon cancer cell(HCT116)in vitro.The effects of WASF3 silencing on HCT116 cell apoptosis,proliferation,migration,as well as invasion were assessed by flow cytometry,CCK-8,and transwell assays.ZNF471 protein expressions were detected by immunofluorescence staining and RT-PCR.Moreover,the effects of ZNF471 were studied on a series of in vitro antitumor-promoting assays using HCT116.WASF3 knockdown expression using small interfering RNA(siRNA)ameliorated CRC cell proliferation,anchorage-independent growth,invasion,and metastasis.Furthermore,we observed that WASF3 contributed to upregulating the metastasis signaling pathway through inhibiting the expression of ZNF471.Our study suggests that targeting WASF3 signaling might be a novel therapeutic strategy for treating CRC.
文摘The 2016 Geoscience Frontiers Annual Convention was held in Beijing,China on October 14,2015 hosted by China University of Geosciences,Beijing（Fig.1）.This convention assembled earth scientists from six countries,including Australia（Dr.Christopher Spencer）,Italy（Prof.Emilio Saccani）,India（Prof.G.Parthasarathy and Prof.M.Jayananda）,Japan（Prof.Masaki Yoshida）,UK（Dr.Nick Roberts）,China,and also representative from Elsevier（Beijing）.
文摘Geoscience Frontiers 2014 Annual Convention was held in Beijing, China during September 19 21, 2014 hosted by China University of Geosciences, Beijing （CUGB）, together with 2014 IAGR Convention and 11th International Conference on Gondwana to Asia. This grand event assembled more than 100 earth scientists from 17 countries and regions, including United States of America, Canada, United Kingdom, Russia. Australia, Germany, Canada, India, South Korea, Japan, Italy, Romania, Belgium, Israel, Kyrgyzstan, China's Mainland, Hong Kong and Taiwan.
文摘The 2013 Geoscience Frontiers Annual Convention was held in Beijing, China during Nov. 1-2, 2013 hosted by China University of Geosciences, Beijing （CUGB） （Fig. 1 ）. This conference assembled earth scientists from 5 countries, including China, India （Dr. C. Manikyamba, Miss Preetha Warrier）, Japan （Prof. T. Tsunogae）, South Korea （Prof. S. Kwon） and South Africa （Prof. H.M. Rajesh）, and also representatives from Elsevier （Beijing） and Thomson Reuters （Beijing） offices.
