The main aim of this paper is to study the effect of building envelope constructed with different materials on thermal comfort of buildings located in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Four different buildings constructed with br...The main aim of this paper is to study the effect of building envelope constructed with different materials on thermal comfort of buildings located in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Four different buildings constructed with brick, glass, stone, and gypsum are taken into account to study the difference in temperature of the indoor and outdoor environments. Also, this paper explores the heat conducted by walls of different materials with different thicknesses. In addition, survey is conducted among the residents of Jeddah to know their perspective about thermal comfort of buildings. From the study, it is found that building envelope constructed with glass is more effective compared to envelope constructed with other materials of with least thickness of wall. Also, it is found that the envelope constructed with brick is more effective in absorbing the heat provided the thickness of the walls remains the same.展开更多
Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of mortality in type 2 diabetics patients. Our work aimed to assess the level of control of type 2 diabetes and associated cardiovascular risk factors. Patie...Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of mortality in type 2 diabetics patients. Our work aimed to assess the level of control of type 2 diabetes and associated cardiovascular risk factors. Patients and study method: This was an observational cross-sectional study of type 2 diabetics patients. The parameters studied were: sociodemographic data, lifestyle, anthropometric data, levels of control of diabetes by the level of HbA1C, blood pressure measured at the office and cholesterol. Results: 326 type 2 diabetics patients were collected. The sex-ratio was 0.35. The average age of the patients was 58 ± 11 years. A physical inactivity remained present in 79 patients (24.23%), 2 patients (0.61%) continued to smoke. The prevalence of obesity was 21.16% (n = 69) or 25% of women and 10.4% of men (p = 0.01). Abdominal obesity was observed in 151 patients (46.31%), 139 of whom were female and 12 male (p = 0.001). Diabetes was sufficiently controlled in 65.34% of patients (n = 213) while cholesterolemia and hypertension were controlled in 33.44% and 8.33% of patients respectively. Conclusion: Type 2 diabetes was frequently associated with other cardiovascular risk factors. Control of diabetes and these factors was insufficient. Therapeutic education of type 2 diabetics patients needed to be improved.展开更多
文摘The main aim of this paper is to study the effect of building envelope constructed with different materials on thermal comfort of buildings located in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Four different buildings constructed with brick, glass, stone, and gypsum are taken into account to study the difference in temperature of the indoor and outdoor environments. Also, this paper explores the heat conducted by walls of different materials with different thicknesses. In addition, survey is conducted among the residents of Jeddah to know their perspective about thermal comfort of buildings. From the study, it is found that building envelope constructed with glass is more effective compared to envelope constructed with other materials of with least thickness of wall. Also, it is found that the envelope constructed with brick is more effective in absorbing the heat provided the thickness of the walls remains the same.
文摘Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of mortality in type 2 diabetics patients. Our work aimed to assess the level of control of type 2 diabetes and associated cardiovascular risk factors. Patients and study method: This was an observational cross-sectional study of type 2 diabetics patients. The parameters studied were: sociodemographic data, lifestyle, anthropometric data, levels of control of diabetes by the level of HbA1C, blood pressure measured at the office and cholesterol. Results: 326 type 2 diabetics patients were collected. The sex-ratio was 0.35. The average age of the patients was 58 ± 11 years. A physical inactivity remained present in 79 patients (24.23%), 2 patients (0.61%) continued to smoke. The prevalence of obesity was 21.16% (n = 69) or 25% of women and 10.4% of men (p = 0.01). Abdominal obesity was observed in 151 patients (46.31%), 139 of whom were female and 12 male (p = 0.001). Diabetes was sufficiently controlled in 65.34% of patients (n = 213) while cholesterolemia and hypertension were controlled in 33.44% and 8.33% of patients respectively. Conclusion: Type 2 diabetes was frequently associated with other cardiovascular risk factors. Control of diabetes and these factors was insufficient. Therapeutic education of type 2 diabetics patients needed to be improved.
