The hydrosilylation is one of the most important methods for the synthesis of organosilicon compounds. Karstedt＇s catalyst [Pt,（H2C=CHSiMe2OSiMe2CH = CH2）m] is a kind of platinum catalyst which is widely used in th...The hydrosilylation is one of the most important methods for the synthesis of organosilicon compounds. Karstedt＇s catalyst [Pt,（H2C=CHSiMe2OSiMe2CH = CH2）m] is a kind of platinum catalyst which is widely used in the hydrosilylation. In this paper, we studied the catalytic activity of Karstedt＇s catalyst for the hydrogenation of olefins and especially aminated alkenes with trimethoxysilane and triethoxysilane, and demonstrated the excellent performance in terms of the yield and selectivity.展开更多
Highly stable hydrophobic silica-based membranes were successfully fabricated through chemical post-modification of directly electrospun silica nanofibrous membranes.Five different Si-alkoxy chlorides were tried as re...Highly stable hydrophobic silica-based membranes were successfully fabricated through chemical post-modification of directly electrospun silica nanofibrous membranes.Five different Si-alkoxy chlorides were tried as reagents at room temperature,allowing for an easy two-step production process.Trimethylchlorosilane(TMCS)was determined as to be the most suitable modifier,for this purpose.The modified membrane exhibits long-term hydrophobicity even under high humidity and water submersion,maintaining this property after exposure to elevated temperatures and acidic conditions,surpassing the unmodified membrane.The separation effectiveness for immiscible water/solvent solutions was proven,followed by an investigation into the relation between the surface tension of some miscible water/solvent solutions and the resulting wetting behavior of the TMCS-modified membrane,to utilize the membrane as a process intensification tool,specifically as a solvent gate.展开更多
During shield tunneling in highly abrasive formations such as sand–pebble strata,nonuniform wear of shield cutters is inevitable due to the different cutting distances.Frequent downtimes and cutter replacements have ...During shield tunneling in highly abrasive formations such as sand–pebble strata,nonuniform wear of shield cutters is inevitable due to the different cutting distances.Frequent downtimes and cutter replacements have become major obstacles to long-distance shield driving in sand–pebble strata.Based on the cutter wear characteristics in sand–pebble strata in Beijing,a design methodology for the cutterhead and cutters was established in this study to achieve uniform wear of all cutters by the principle of frictional wear.The applicability of the design method was verified through three-dimensional simulations using the engineering discrete element method.The results show that uniform wear of all cutters on the cutterhead could be achieved by installing different numbers of cutters on each trajectory radius and designing a curved spoke with a certain arch height according to the shield diameter.Under the uniform wear scheme,the cutter wear coefficient is greatly reduced,and the largest shield driving distance is increased by approximately 47%over the engineering scheme.The research results indicate that the problem of nonuniform cutter wear in shield excavation could be overcome,thereby providing guiding significance for theoretical innovation and construction of long-distance shield excavation in highly abrasive strata.展开更多
On-ramp control is an effective approach for alleviating traffic congestion on highways.However,there is still a lack of on-ramp control approaches applicable to large regional highway networks.Here,we develop a targe...On-ramp control is an effective approach for alleviating traffic congestion on highways.However,there is still a lack of on-ramp control approaches applicable to large regional highway networks.Here,we develop a targeted on-ramp control approach applicable to regional highway networks by taking advantage of the vehicle source information,which pinpoints the on-ramps contributing major traffic flow to the highway bottleneck.Furthermore,a combined and tunable controlling index is proposed to enhance the equity of the generated traffic control scheme.The proposed on-ramp control approach is validated on an actual large highway network using actual travel demand data.Results indicate that the proposed approach can well mitigate the traffic congestion of highway bottleneck while at the same time enhancing the equity and practicability of the generated traffic control scheme.展开更多
Reaction of homoleptic yttrium tris-alkyl complex YR3 (R=CH2C6H4NMe2-o) with 1 equivalent of amine bis(phenol)s LH2 (L=Me2NCH2CH2N(CH2-(2-O-C6H2-But2-3,5))2) afforded the solvent-free yttrium alkyl complex LYR (1),whi...Reaction of homoleptic yttrium tris-alkyl complex YR3 (R=CH2C6H4NMe2-o) with 1 equivalent of amine bis(phenol)s LH2 (L=Me2NCH2CH2N(CH2-(2-O-C6H2-But2-3,5))2) afforded the solvent-free yttrium alkyl complex LYR (1),which has been characterized with elemental analysis,1H NMR and IR spectra,and structural determination. The coordination geometry around the center metal atom can be best de-scribed as a distorted octahedron. It was found that complex 1 can be used as an efficient catalyst for the Tishchenko reaction.展开更多
A novel Time-Interleaved Analog-to-Digital Converter (TIADC) digital background calibration for the mismatches of offsets, gain errors, and timing skews based on split-ADC is proposed. Firstly, the split-ADC channels ...A novel Time-Interleaved Analog-to-Digital Converter (TIADC) digital background calibration for the mismatches of offsets, gain errors, and timing skews based on split-ADC is proposed. Firstly, the split-ADC channels in present TIADC architecture are designed to convert input signal at two different channel sampling rates so that redundant channel to facilitate pair permutation is avoided. Secondly, a high-order compensation scheme for correction of timing skew error is employed for effective calibration to preserve high-resolution when input frequency is high. Numerical simulation performed by MATLAB for a 14-bit TIADC based on 7 split-ADC channels shows that Signal-to-Noise and Distortion Ratio (SNDR) and Spurious Free Dynamic Range (SFDR) of the TIADC achieve 86.2 dBc and 106 dBc respectively after calibration with normalized input frequency near Nyquist frequency.展开更多
Primary liver cancer(PLC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in China. PLC is characterized by insidious onset, rapid progress, poor quality of life, and short survival time. Notably, current treatment strateg...Primary liver cancer(PLC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in China. PLC is characterized by insidious onset, rapid progress, poor quality of life, and short survival time. Notably, current treatment strategies remain unsatisfactory. Traditional Chinese medicines(TCM) have been used to treat a variety of diseases, including liver diseases, for more than 2000 years. In this study, we performed a review of the use frequency and clinical efficacy of TCM in treating PLC. Relevant literature from January 1, 2009, to January 1, 2021 was retrieved from network databases of China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI), Chongqing VIP, Wanfang, PubMed, and SinoMed. The most frequently used TCM and their efficacy in PLC treatment were summarized. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 33 articles were selected. Overall, the efficacy of the combination of TCM and Western medicines in the treatment of PLC was higher than that in the control groups(i.e. treatment with Western medicines alone)(65.11% vs.44.31%, P <.05). Among the 33 selected articles, 11 were investigated for TCM preparation(marketed drugs) and 22 for TCM formulas. In total, 102 types of TCM(single herbs) were used to treat PLC. The top five most frequently used TCM were Poria(14.71%), Astragali radix(13.73%), Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma(12.75%), Bupleuri radix(12.75%), and Glycyrrhizae radix et Rhizoma(11.76%). Of the 102 types of TCM, tonics were the most frequently used categories, followed by heat-clearing medicines, blood-invigorating medicines, and stasis-resolving medicines. Of 207 papers, 174(84.06%) could not be subjected to statistical analysis due to research quality. Further high-quality research on herb sources, formula components and dosage, toxicology, and ethics of TCM is necessary. In conclusion, TCM play a promising role in the treatment and management of PLC, although further investigations are warranted.展开更多
AmpliHcation of spontaneous emissions at 19.6,23.2 and 23.6 nm have been observed by a “ultiple-Target Series Coupling”design in Ge plasma,.The combined length for four targets is up to 56mm.The gain length product(...AmpliHcation of spontaneous emissions at 19.6,23.2 and 23.6 nm have been observed by a “ultiple-Target Series Coupling”design in Ge plasma,.The combined length for four targets is up to 56mm.The gain length product(GL)of small signal is up to 18 for both lines at 23.2 and 23.6 nmt and the effective GL is 16.4 and 15.7 for these two lines respectively.This two lines are obviously tending to saturation.The divergence of x-ray laser beam is about 4 mrad.展开更多
Virtual reality technology has great potential for development and application space. On the one hand, this paper makes use of the data of Derwent Patent Database to carry out statistical analysis of the information, ...Virtual reality technology has great potential for development and application space. On the one hand, this paper makes use of the data of Derwent Patent Database to carry out statistical analysis of the information, and analyzes the basic situation of the patent of virtual reality technology. On the other hand, this paper uses the Citespace software to analyze and process the retrieval records, and then obtains the relation of intermediary center, frequency of occurrence, burst term and other related data. According to these data, it analyzes and forecasts the core technologies, cutting-edge and hot technologies of virtual reality, which makes the future development of virtual reality technology more clear. At the same time, combined with the current development of virtual reality, this paper makes recommendations for the future development of China’s virtual reality technology to promote the development of virtual reality industry in China.展开更多
Numerical results show that an external magnetic field may influence significantly the flow pattern in the molten semiconductor of Czochralski crystal growth. The melt flow could be pronouncedly damped by a magnet. ic...Numerical results show that an external magnetic field may influence significantly the flow pattern in the molten semiconductor of Czochralski crystal growth. The melt flow could be pronouncedly damped by a magnet. ic field with the intensity of several thousands Gauss, while the temperature field is affected only in a less extent by the magnetic field.展开更多
The high-quality genomes and large-scale full-length cDNA sequences of allotetraploid peanuts have been sequenced and released,which has accelerated the functional genomics and molecular breeding research of peanut.In...The high-quality genomes and large-scale full-length cDNA sequences of allotetraploid peanuts have been sequenced and released,which has accelerated the functional genomics and molecular breeding research of peanut.In order to understand the difference in the transcriptional levels of wild and cultivated peanuts.In this study,we integrated of second-and third-generation sequencing technologies to sequence full-length transcriptomes in peanut cv.Pingdu9616 and its putative ancestor Arachis monticola.The RNA extracted from six different tissues(i.e.,roots,stems,leaves,flowers,needles and pods)were sampled at 20 days after flowering.A total of 31,764 and 33,981 high-quality transcripts were obtained from Monticola and Pingdu9616,respectively.The number of alternative splicing,the unit point mutation of variable adenylation,the number of open reading frames and the two-site mutation were identified in Pingdu9616 more than in Monticola,but the three-site mutation in Pingdu9616 was lower than in Monticola.1,691 LncRNAs,and 4,000 bp of maximum length of LncRNA was identified in Monticola and Pingdu9616.Furthermore,comparative analysis between transcript data shown that 56 transcription factor families were involved in Monticola,and Pingdu9616 and the number of transcription factors in Pingdu9616 was higher than that in Monticola,the number of expressed genes estimated in flower,root,young pod and leaf organs was higher in Monticola than Pingdu9616.Over all,our study provided a valuable resource of large-scale full-length transcripts for further research of the molecular breeding and functional analysis of genes.展开更多
Dear Editor, Newcastle disease virus （NDV）, also known as avian paramyxovirus serotype 1 （APMV-1）, is a member of the genus Avulavirus within the family Paramyxoviridae, or- der Mononegavirales （Miller et al., 2...Dear Editor, Newcastle disease virus （NDV）, also known as avian paramyxovirus serotype 1 （APMV-1）, is a member of the genus Avulavirus within the family Paramyxoviridae, or- der Mononegavirales （Miller et al., 2010）. Although all isolated NDV strains belong to a single serotype, epi- demiological studies have revealed that the genotype VII strain is currently the most prevalent circulating geno- type worldwide and is associated with many of the most recent outbreaks in China since 1997 （Liu et al., 2007）.展开更多
Effective exploration of spatiotemporal volumetric data sets remains a key challenge in scientific visualization.Although great advances have been made over the years,existing solutions typically focus on only one or ...Effective exploration of spatiotemporal volumetric data sets remains a key challenge in scientific visualization.Although great advances have been made over the years,existing solutions typically focus on only one or two aspects of data analysis and visualization.A streamlined workflow for analyzing time-varying data in a comprehensive and unified manner is still missing.Towards this goal,we present a novel approach for time-varying data visualization that encompasses keyframe identification,feature extraction and tracking under a single,unified framework.At the heart of our approach lies in the GPU-accelerated BlockMatch method,a dense block correspondence technique that extends the PatchMatch method from 2D pixels to 3D voxels.Based on the results of dense correspondence,we are able to identify keyframes from the time sequence using k-medoids clustering along with a bidirectional similarity measure.Furthermore,in conjunction with the graph cut algorithm,this framework enables us to perform fine-grained feature extraction and tracking.We tested our approach using several time-varying data sets to demonstrate its effectiveness and utility.展开更多
Photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to CO is a promising approach for storing solar energy in chemicals and mitigating the greenhouse effect of CO2.Our recent studies revealed that[(μ-bdt)Fe2(CO)6](1,bdt=benzene-1,2-dith...Photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to CO is a promising approach for storing solar energy in chemicals and mitigating the greenhouse effect of CO2.Our recent studies revealed that[(μ-bdt)Fe2(CO)6](1,bdt=benzene-1,2-dithiolato),a[FeFe]-hydrogenase model with a rigid and conjugate S-to-S bridge,was catalytically active for the selective photochemical reduction of CO2 to CO,while its analogous complex[(μ-edt)Fe2(CO)6](2,edt=ethane-1,2-dithiolato)was inactive.In this study,it was found that the turnover number of 1 for CO evolution reached 710 for the 1/[Ru(bpy)3]2+/BIH(BIH=1,3-dimethyl-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[d]-imidazole)system under optimal conditions over 4.5 h of visible-light irradiation,with a turnover frequency of 7.12 min−1 in the first hour,a high selectivity of 97%for CO,and an internal quantum yield of 2.8%.Interestingly,the catalytic selectivity of 1 can be adjusted and even completely switched in a facile manner between the photochemical reductions of CO2 to CO and of protons to H2 simply by adding different amounts of triethanolamine to the catalytic system.The electron transfer in the photocatalytic system was studied by steady-state fluorescence and transient absorption spectroscopy,and a plausible mechanism for the photocatalytic reaction was proposed.展开更多
Based on macroscopic and synthetic approaches, especially information entropy approach, the quantification of the flexible degree and order degree of business processes is studied. According to the outcome of above an...Based on macroscopic and synthetic approaches, especially information entropy approach, the quantification of the flexible degree and order degree of business processes is studied. According to the outcome of above analysis, a conceptual model of optimizing business processes is proposed which supports to construct dynamic stable business processes. The research above has been applied in project 863/SDDAC-CIMS, and achieved primary benefits.展开更多
-This paper presents the research results of dynamic pore water pressure and the characteristics of dynamic deformation of saturated soft clay and the factors affecting the dynamic pore water pressure and dynamic defo...-This paper presents the research results of dynamic pore water pressure and the characteristics of dynamic deformation of saturated soft clay and the factors affecting the dynamic pore water pressure and dynamic deformation. Dynamic triaxial compression tests are carried out and the soil samples used in the tests are remoulded clay from the seabed of the Bohai Bay. The paper also deals with the dynamic deformation mechanism of saturated soft clay foundation without drain. A calculation model for permanent dynamic deformation of saturated soft clay foundation has been established.展开更多
A new set of equations for the energies of the mean magnetic field and the mean plasma velocity is derived taking the dynamo effects into account,by which the anomalous phenomenon,Ti>Te observed in some reversed fi...A new set of equations for the energies of the mean magnetic field and the mean plasma velocity is derived taking the dynamo effects into account,by which the anomalous phenomenon,Ti>Te observed in some reversed field pinches(RFP’s)is successfully explained.展开更多
Biomaterials,β-TCP (β-tricalcium phosphate),and polymeric blends were used on a selective laser sintering (SLS) system,a kind of rapid prototyping machine,to produce some scaffold specimens which were designed with ...Biomaterials,β-TCP (β-tricalcium phosphate),and polymeric blends were used on a selective laser sintering (SLS) system,a kind of rapid prototyping machine,to produce some scaffold specimens which were designed with CAD (Computer Aided Design) software according to bone tissue engineering scaffold characteristics and properties. The scaffolds were produced with a pore size 800μm,and regular geometrical cylinder or sphere pores,depending on the processing. Then the specimens were treated by high temperature to assess their suitability on SLS processing. Their microstructures which had been investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) exhibited fully interconnected pore which had a range size 500-800μm. X-ray diffraction analysis performed after high temperature treatment showed that β-TCP did not change. The porosity checked was about 71.29%. And the treated scaffolds could be provided an inter-connective network for the circulation of tissue fluid and hence sped up osteogenesis.展开更多
Seismologists have begun to investigate the earthquake damage and assess the economic losses on the spot in the Yunnan area since the earthquakes with M_S6.7 and M_S6.9 that occurred on the boundary between China and ...Seismologists have begun to investigate the earthquake damage and assess the economic losses on the spot in the Yunnan area since the earthquakes with M_S6.7 and M_S6.9 that occurred on the boundary between China and Myanmar west of Menglian county,Yunnan Province,on April 23,1992.From 1992 to 2003,50 destructive earthquakes occurred in Yunnan,and large amounts of data on seismic hazard have been accumulated.With focus on the major building structures,the paper makes statistical analysis on the earthquake damage ratio,loss ratio and seismic hazard index in the areas with different seismic intensity of the 50 events,and presents the seismic hazard matrix of buildings for the Yunnan area.展开更多
-Dynamic interaction characteristics of the model deeply embedded platform and foundation soil are studied by means of dynamic substructuring interface transformation synthesis and dynamic condensation. The theoretica...-Dynamic interaction characteristics of the model deeply embedded platform and foundation soil are studied by means of dynamic substructuring interface transformation synthesis and dynamic condensation. The theoretical analysis, computer programs and practical examples are presented; and the results are compared with those obtained by statical condensation method and finite element method.展开更多
基金Acknowledgement This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under grant No. 21371096.
文摘The hydrosilylation is one of the most important methods for the synthesis of organosilicon compounds. Karstedt＇s catalyst [Pt,（H2C=CHSiMe2OSiMe2CH = CH2）m] is a kind of platinum catalyst which is widely used in the hydrosilylation. In this paper, we studied the catalytic activity of Karstedt＇s catalyst for the hydrogenation of olefins and especially aminated alkenes with trimethoxysilane and triethoxysilane, and demonstrated the excellent performance in terms of the yield and selectivity.
基金funding from the China Scholarship Council(Grant No.201608230115)for the Ph.D.study at Ghent UniversityThis Research Foundation Flanders(FWO)is gratefully acknowledged by E.L.for funding the research through an SB PhD grant under Grant No.1S82920N+1 种基金The authors would like to thank the NMR expertise centre(Ghent University)for providing support and access to its NMR infrastructureThe 300 MHz used in this work has been funded by grants from the FWO.K.D.C.thanks the Special Research Fund Ghent University(BOF)for the grants BOF.BAS.2018.0015.01 and BOF19/24J/102.
文摘Highly stable hydrophobic silica-based membranes were successfully fabricated through chemical post-modification of directly electrospun silica nanofibrous membranes.Five different Si-alkoxy chlorides were tried as reagents at room temperature,allowing for an easy two-step production process.Trimethylchlorosilane(TMCS)was determined as to be the most suitable modifier,for this purpose.The modified membrane exhibits long-term hydrophobicity even under high humidity and water submersion,maintaining this property after exposure to elevated temperatures and acidic conditions,surpassing the unmodified membrane.The separation effectiveness for immiscible water/solvent solutions was proven,followed by an investigation into the relation between the surface tension of some miscible water/solvent solutions and the resulting wetting behavior of the TMCS-modified membrane,to utilize the membrane as a process intensification tool,specifically as a solvent gate.
基金Beijing Postdoctoral Research Activity Funding Project,Grant/Award Number:2022-ZZ-097Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation,Grant/Award Number:8182048。
文摘During shield tunneling in highly abrasive formations such as sand–pebble strata,nonuniform wear of shield cutters is inevitable due to the different cutting distances.Frequent downtimes and cutter replacements have become major obstacles to long-distance shield driving in sand–pebble strata.Based on the cutter wear characteristics in sand–pebble strata in Beijing,a design methodology for the cutterhead and cutters was established in this study to achieve uniform wear of all cutters by the principle of frictional wear.The applicability of the design method was verified through three-dimensional simulations using the engineering discrete element method.The results show that uniform wear of all cutters on the cutterhead could be achieved by installing different numbers of cutters on each trajectory radius and designing a curved spoke with a certain arch height according to the shield diameter.Under the uniform wear scheme,the cutter wear coefficient is greatly reduced,and the largest shield driving distance is increased by approximately 47%over the engineering scheme.The research results indicate that the problem of nonuniform cutter wear in shield excavation could be overcome,thereby providing guiding significance for theoretical innovation and construction of long-distance shield excavation in highly abrasive strata.
基金supported by the Hunan Provincial Natural Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(No.2022JJ10077)the 2021 Science and Technology Progress and Innovation Plan of Department of Transportation of Hunan Province(No.202102).
文摘On-ramp control is an effective approach for alleviating traffic congestion on highways.However,there is still a lack of on-ramp control approaches applicable to large regional highway networks.Here,we develop a targeted on-ramp control approach applicable to regional highway networks by taking advantage of the vehicle source information,which pinpoints the on-ramps contributing major traffic flow to the highway bottleneck.Furthermore,a combined and tunable controlling index is proposed to enhance the equity of the generated traffic control scheme.The proposed on-ramp control approach is validated on an actual large highway network using actual travel demand data.Results indicate that the proposed approach can well mitigate the traffic congestion of highway bottleneck while at the same time enhancing the equity and practicability of the generated traffic control scheme.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.20771078 and 20632040)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (Grant No. BK2007505)Major Basic Research Project of the Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (Grant No.07KJA15014)
文摘Reaction of homoleptic yttrium tris-alkyl complex YR3 (R=CH2C6H4NMe2-o) with 1 equivalent of amine bis(phenol)s LH2 (L=Me2NCH2CH2N(CH2-(2-O-C6H2-But2-3,5))2) afforded the solvent-free yttrium alkyl complex LYR (1),which has been characterized with elemental analysis,1H NMR and IR spectra,and structural determination. The coordination geometry around the center metal atom can be best de-scribed as a distorted octahedron. It was found that complex 1 can be used as an efficient catalyst for the Tishchenko reaction.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 61076026)
文摘A novel Time-Interleaved Analog-to-Digital Converter (TIADC) digital background calibration for the mismatches of offsets, gain errors, and timing skews based on split-ADC is proposed. Firstly, the split-ADC channels in present TIADC architecture are designed to convert input signal at two different channel sampling rates so that redundant channel to facilitate pair permutation is avoided. Secondly, a high-order compensation scheme for correction of timing skew error is employed for effective calibration to preserve high-resolution when input frequency is high. Numerical simulation performed by MATLAB for a 14-bit TIADC based on 7 split-ADC channels shows that Signal-to-Noise and Distortion Ratio (SNDR) and Spurious Free Dynamic Range (SFDR) of the TIADC achieve 86.2 dBc and 106 dBc respectively after calibration with normalized input frequency near Nyquist frequency.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81874356)the Open Project of Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research from Hubei University of Medicine(WDCM2018002,WDCM201917,WDCM201918)+1 种基金the Chinese Medicine Project of Health Commission of Hubei Province(ZY2021010)the Foundation for Innovative Research Team of Hubei University of Medicine(2018YHKT01)。
文摘Primary liver cancer(PLC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in China. PLC is characterized by insidious onset, rapid progress, poor quality of life, and short survival time. Notably, current treatment strategies remain unsatisfactory. Traditional Chinese medicines(TCM) have been used to treat a variety of diseases, including liver diseases, for more than 2000 years. In this study, we performed a review of the use frequency and clinical efficacy of TCM in treating PLC. Relevant literature from January 1, 2009, to January 1, 2021 was retrieved from network databases of China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI), Chongqing VIP, Wanfang, PubMed, and SinoMed. The most frequently used TCM and their efficacy in PLC treatment were summarized. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 33 articles were selected. Overall, the efficacy of the combination of TCM and Western medicines in the treatment of PLC was higher than that in the control groups(i.e. treatment with Western medicines alone)(65.11% vs.44.31%, P <.05). Among the 33 selected articles, 11 were investigated for TCM preparation(marketed drugs) and 22 for TCM formulas. In total, 102 types of TCM(single herbs) were used to treat PLC. The top five most frequently used TCM were Poria(14.71%), Astragali radix(13.73%), Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma(12.75%), Bupleuri radix(12.75%), and Glycyrrhizae radix et Rhizoma(11.76%). Of the 102 types of TCM, tonics were the most frequently used categories, followed by heat-clearing medicines, blood-invigorating medicines, and stasis-resolving medicines. Of 207 papers, 174(84.06%) could not be subjected to statistical analysis due to research quality. Further high-quality research on herb sources, formula components and dosage, toxicology, and ethics of TCM is necessary. In conclusion, TCM play a promising role in the treatment and management of PLC, although further investigations are warranted.
基金Supported by the Laser Domain of the Chinese National High Technology Plan。
文摘AmpliHcation of spontaneous emissions at 19.6,23.2 and 23.6 nm have been observed by a “ultiple-Target Series Coupling”design in Ge plasma,.The combined length for four targets is up to 56mm.The gain length product(GL)of small signal is up to 18 for both lines at 23.2 and 23.6 nmt and the effective GL is 16.4 and 15.7 for these two lines respectively.This two lines are obviously tending to saturation.The divergence of x-ray laser beam is about 4 mrad.
文摘Virtual reality technology has great potential for development and application space. On the one hand, this paper makes use of the data of Derwent Patent Database to carry out statistical analysis of the information, and analyzes the basic situation of the patent of virtual reality technology. On the other hand, this paper uses the Citespace software to analyze and process the retrieval records, and then obtains the relation of intermediary center, frequency of occurrence, burst term and other related data. According to these data, it analyzes and forecasts the core technologies, cutting-edge and hot technologies of virtual reality, which makes the future development of virtual reality technology more clear. At the same time, combined with the current development of virtual reality, this paper makes recommendations for the future development of China’s virtual reality technology to promote the development of virtual reality industry in China.
基金supported by the National Natural Foundation of China
文摘Numerical results show that an external magnetic field may influence significantly the flow pattern in the molten semiconductor of Czochralski crystal growth. The melt flow could be pronouncedly damped by a magnet. ic field with the intensity of several thousands Gauss, while the temperature field is affected only in a less extent by the magnetic field.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31771828,32001576)the Opening Foundation of Shandong Provincial Crop Varieties Improvement(2020LZGC001).
文摘The high-quality genomes and large-scale full-length cDNA sequences of allotetraploid peanuts have been sequenced and released,which has accelerated the functional genomics and molecular breeding research of peanut.In order to understand the difference in the transcriptional levels of wild and cultivated peanuts.In this study,we integrated of second-and third-generation sequencing technologies to sequence full-length transcriptomes in peanut cv.Pingdu9616 and its putative ancestor Arachis monticola.The RNA extracted from six different tissues(i.e.,roots,stems,leaves,flowers,needles and pods)were sampled at 20 days after flowering.A total of 31,764 and 33,981 high-quality transcripts were obtained from Monticola and Pingdu9616,respectively.The number of alternative splicing,the unit point mutation of variable adenylation,the number of open reading frames and the two-site mutation were identified in Pingdu9616 more than in Monticola,but the three-site mutation in Pingdu9616 was lower than in Monticola.1,691 LncRNAs,and 4,000 bp of maximum length of LncRNA was identified in Monticola and Pingdu9616.Furthermore,comparative analysis between transcript data shown that 56 transcription factor families were involved in Monticola,and Pingdu9616 and the number of transcription factors in Pingdu9616 was higher than that in Monticola,the number of expressed genes estimated in flower,root,young pod and leaf organs was higher in Monticola than Pingdu9616.Over all,our study provided a valuable resource of large-scale full-length transcripts for further research of the molecular breeding and functional analysis of genes.
基金supported by the Innovation Foundation Project of China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center,Ministry of Agriculture,P.R.China(project no:CAHEC-2015-Y105)supported by the National Natural Scientific Fund(31272561)
文摘Dear Editor, Newcastle disease virus （NDV）, also known as avian paramyxovirus serotype 1 （APMV-1）, is a member of the genus Avulavirus within the family Paramyxoviridae, or- der Mononegavirales （Miller et al., 2010）. Although all isolated NDV strains belong to a single serotype, epi- demiological studies have revealed that the genotype VII strain is currently the most prevalent circulating geno- type worldwide and is associated with many of the most recent outbreaks in China since 1997 （Liu et al., 2007）.
文摘Effective exploration of spatiotemporal volumetric data sets remains a key challenge in scientific visualization.Although great advances have been made over the years,existing solutions typically focus on only one or two aspects of data analysis and visualization.A streamlined workflow for analyzing time-varying data in a comprehensive and unified manner is still missing.Towards this goal,we present a novel approach for time-varying data visualization that encompasses keyframe identification,feature extraction and tracking under a single,unified framework.At the heart of our approach lies in the GPU-accelerated BlockMatch method,a dense block correspondence technique that extends the PatchMatch method from 2D pixels to 3D voxels.Based on the results of dense correspondence,we are able to identify keyframes from the time sequence using k-medoids clustering along with a bidirectional similarity measure.Furthermore,in conjunction with the graph cut algorithm,this framework enables us to perform fine-grained feature extraction and tracking.We tested our approach using several time-varying data sets to demonstrate its effectiveness and utility.
文摘Photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to CO is a promising approach for storing solar energy in chemicals and mitigating the greenhouse effect of CO2.Our recent studies revealed that[(μ-bdt)Fe2(CO)6](1,bdt=benzene-1,2-dithiolato),a[FeFe]-hydrogenase model with a rigid and conjugate S-to-S bridge,was catalytically active for the selective photochemical reduction of CO2 to CO,while its analogous complex[(μ-edt)Fe2(CO)6](2,edt=ethane-1,2-dithiolato)was inactive.In this study,it was found that the turnover number of 1 for CO evolution reached 710 for the 1/[Ru(bpy)3]2+/BIH(BIH=1,3-dimethyl-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[d]-imidazole)system under optimal conditions over 4.5 h of visible-light irradiation,with a turnover frequency of 7.12 min−1 in the first hour,a high selectivity of 97%for CO,and an internal quantum yield of 2.8%.Interestingly,the catalytic selectivity of 1 can be adjusted and even completely switched in a facile manner between the photochemical reductions of CO2 to CO and of protons to H2 simply by adding different amounts of triethanolamine to the catalytic system.The electron transfer in the photocatalytic system was studied by steady-state fluorescence and transient absorption spectroscopy,and a plausible mechanism for the photocatalytic reaction was proposed.
文摘Based on macroscopic and synthetic approaches, especially information entropy approach, the quantification of the flexible degree and order degree of business processes is studied. According to the outcome of above analysis, a conceptual model of optimizing business processes is proposed which supports to construct dynamic stable business processes. The research above has been applied in project 863/SDDAC-CIMS, and achieved primary benefits.
文摘-This paper presents the research results of dynamic pore water pressure and the characteristics of dynamic deformation of saturated soft clay and the factors affecting the dynamic pore water pressure and dynamic deformation. Dynamic triaxial compression tests are carried out and the soil samples used in the tests are remoulded clay from the seabed of the Bohai Bay. The paper also deals with the dynamic deformation mechanism of saturated soft clay foundation without drain. A calculation model for permanent dynamic deformation of saturated soft clay foundation has been established.
文摘A new set of equations for the energies of the mean magnetic field and the mean plasma velocity is derived taking the dynamo effects into account,by which the anomalous phenomenon,Ti>Te observed in some reversed field pinches(RFP’s)is successfully explained.
文摘Biomaterials,β-TCP (β-tricalcium phosphate),and polymeric blends were used on a selective laser sintering (SLS) system,a kind of rapid prototyping machine,to produce some scaffold specimens which were designed with CAD (Computer Aided Design) software according to bone tissue engineering scaffold characteristics and properties. The scaffolds were produced with a pore size 800μm,and regular geometrical cylinder or sphere pores,depending on the processing. Then the specimens were treated by high temperature to assess their suitability on SLS processing. Their microstructures which had been investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) exhibited fully interconnected pore which had a range size 500-800μm. X-ray diffraction analysis performed after high temperature treatment showed that β-TCP did not change. The porosity checked was about 71.29%. And the treated scaffolds could be provided an inter-connective network for the circulation of tissue fluid and hence sped up osteogenesis.
基金This project was sponsored by the provincial tenth"Five-Year Plan"(Yunnan Provincial Plan2002-54-02-02),China
文摘Seismologists have begun to investigate the earthquake damage and assess the economic losses on the spot in the Yunnan area since the earthquakes with M_S6.7 and M_S6.9 that occurred on the boundary between China and Myanmar west of Menglian county,Yunnan Province,on April 23,1992.From 1992 to 2003,50 destructive earthquakes occurred in Yunnan,and large amounts of data on seismic hazard have been accumulated.With focus on the major building structures,the paper makes statistical analysis on the earthquake damage ratio,loss ratio and seismic hazard index in the areas with different seismic intensity of the 50 events,and presents the seismic hazard matrix of buildings for the Yunnan area.
文摘-Dynamic interaction characteristics of the model deeply embedded platform and foundation soil are studied by means of dynamic substructuring interface transformation synthesis and dynamic condensation. The theoretical analysis, computer programs and practical examples are presented; and the results are compared with those obtained by statical condensation method and finite element method.
