The heavy use of chemicals, pesticides, cosmetics and plastic packaging coincides with a resurgence of cardiovascular disease, in particular hypertension, which is affecting younger and younger populations. The aim of...The heavy use of chemicals, pesticides, cosmetics and plastic packaging coincides with a resurgence of cardiovascular disease, in particular hypertension, which is affecting younger and younger populations. The aim of this study was to analyze the cardiovascular risk factors in hypertensive farmers compared with hypertensive non farmers. This was a prospective case-control study that included 239 hypertensive farmers and non farmers aged 25 to 65 with blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg and 90 mmHg. Hypertensive farmers (101) represented 42.25% of the population versus hypertensive non farmers (138) 57.74%. The median ages were 47 ± 11.3 years for farmers and 51.45 ± 9.77 years for non farmers. Biochemical analysisand screening for major cardiovascular disease risk factors such as metabolic syndrome were performed. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to the new definition of the International Diabetes Federation. Our results revealed higher blood glucose levels in farmers (47.77%) than in non farmers (27.20%) (p = 0.0132). Dyslipidemia was more frequent in non farmerswith high level of LDL cholesterol and total cholesterol. Farmers presented a high level of tryglycerides. The prevalence of obesity was higher in non farmers 51 (36.96%) than farmers 18 (17.82%). The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 106 (44.35%) in our study population. There was not an important difference between farmers (39.60%) and non farmers (47.82%). However, the variation of metabolic syndrome according to age and sex showed a higher prevalence in young male farmers aged 25 to 45 whereas non farmers presented an increasing prevalence of metabolic syndrome according to age and the absence of metabolic syndrome between age 25 and 35. Our results showed that the cardiovascular risk appeared early in young farmers compared with non farmers suggesting a possible role of pesticides in the onset of this risk.展开更多
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are nowadays real health problems in the world. High blood pressure is one of the most important risk factors for CVD and is affecting more and more people in Benin. The objective of our ...Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are nowadays real health problems in the world. High blood pressure is one of the most important risk factors for CVD and is affecting more and more people in Benin. The objective of our work is to evaluate the safety and the efficacy of the leaves of five plants used for the treatment of hypertension in Benin. Acute toxicity was evaluated on wistar rats which orally administered a single dose of 2000 mg/kg of body weight of hydro-ethanolic extract of the leaves of Phyllanthus amarus Schumach. & Thonn., Persea americana MILL., Ipomoaea fistulosa Mart. ex Choisy., Heliotropium indicum L., Schrankia leptocarpa DC., and were monitored over a period of 14 days. Subacute toxicity was evaluated on rats which received a daily dose of 200 mg/kg of body weight of the plant leaf extract over a period of 28 days. Plant efficacy was assessed by measuring potassium in plant leaves. Administration of the single dose of the extract did not cause any deaths in rats;the weight of the rats varied depending on the extracts administered. Concerning the subacute treatment, the levels of aspartate amino transaminases (AST) and Alanine amino transaminases (AST) did not vary significantly after the 28 days of treatment with the different extracts. On the other hand, a significant increase in serum creatinine was observed in rats treated with extracts of Phyllanthus amarus. The leaves of Heliotropium indicum, Ipomoaea fistulosa and Phyllanthus amarus contain the highest levels of potassium. Among the five plants studied, only the leaves of Phyllanthus amarus seem to induce renal toxicity. Extracts from the leaves of Heliotropium indicum, Ipomoaea fistulosa might be the most effective in inducing hypotensive activity and do not show toxicity.展开更多
From the Asteraceaes family, <i>Tridax procumbens</i> is a wild species frequently found in fields, meadows and roadsides. It is traditionally used to treat yellow fever, typhoid fever, high blood pressure...From the Asteraceaes family, <i>Tridax procumbens</i> is a wild species frequently found in fields, meadows and roadsides. It is traditionally used to treat yellow fever, typhoid fever, high blood pressure and diabetes. In this work we used the hydro-ethanolic extract of the leaves and stems of the plant and also the fractions of this extract to determine the preventive and therapeutic activities of the plant against obesity, hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia. The yields of the fractions obtained by decantation of the hydro-ethanolic extract are respectively 0.160% with hexane, 0.073% with dichloromethane, 0.09% with diethyl ether and 0.150% with ethyl acetate. Hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia were induced in the rats submitted to a fatty and sweet diet for 28 days. Our results showed a significant increase in glycemia, weight and triglyceride level in rats that were subjected to the diet. On the other hand, the rats treated with the dose of 500 mg/kg of body weight of <i>Tridax procumbens</i> extract during the induction showed a reduction in weight gain and an absence of increase <span style="letter-spacing:-0.1pt;">in blood sugar and triglyceride levels. The ethyl acetate fraction of <i>Tridax pro</i></span><i>cumbens</i> extract administered to fatty and hyperglycemic rats at 50 mg/kg of body weight for 14 days did not induce change in the blood sugar and triglycerides level of fatty and hyperglycemic rats. If it seems obvious that the extract of <i>Tridax procumbens</i> prevents hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia, the ethyl acetate fraction does not seem to have a therapeutic effect.展开更多
文摘The heavy use of chemicals, pesticides, cosmetics and plastic packaging coincides with a resurgence of cardiovascular disease, in particular hypertension, which is affecting younger and younger populations. The aim of this study was to analyze the cardiovascular risk factors in hypertensive farmers compared with hypertensive non farmers. This was a prospective case-control study that included 239 hypertensive farmers and non farmers aged 25 to 65 with blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg and 90 mmHg. Hypertensive farmers (101) represented 42.25% of the population versus hypertensive non farmers (138) 57.74%. The median ages were 47 ± 11.3 years for farmers and 51.45 ± 9.77 years for non farmers. Biochemical analysisand screening for major cardiovascular disease risk factors such as metabolic syndrome were performed. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to the new definition of the International Diabetes Federation. Our results revealed higher blood glucose levels in farmers (47.77%) than in non farmers (27.20%) (p = 0.0132). Dyslipidemia was more frequent in non farmerswith high level of LDL cholesterol and total cholesterol. Farmers presented a high level of tryglycerides. The prevalence of obesity was higher in non farmers 51 (36.96%) than farmers 18 (17.82%). The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 106 (44.35%) in our study population. There was not an important difference between farmers (39.60%) and non farmers (47.82%). However, the variation of metabolic syndrome according to age and sex showed a higher prevalence in young male farmers aged 25 to 45 whereas non farmers presented an increasing prevalence of metabolic syndrome according to age and the absence of metabolic syndrome between age 25 and 35. Our results showed that the cardiovascular risk appeared early in young farmers compared with non farmers suggesting a possible role of pesticides in the onset of this risk.
文摘Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are nowadays real health problems in the world. High blood pressure is one of the most important risk factors for CVD and is affecting more and more people in Benin. The objective of our work is to evaluate the safety and the efficacy of the leaves of five plants used for the treatment of hypertension in Benin. Acute toxicity was evaluated on wistar rats which orally administered a single dose of 2000 mg/kg of body weight of hydro-ethanolic extract of the leaves of Phyllanthus amarus Schumach. & Thonn., Persea americana MILL., Ipomoaea fistulosa Mart. ex Choisy., Heliotropium indicum L., Schrankia leptocarpa DC., and were monitored over a period of 14 days. Subacute toxicity was evaluated on rats which received a daily dose of 200 mg/kg of body weight of the plant leaf extract over a period of 28 days. Plant efficacy was assessed by measuring potassium in plant leaves. Administration of the single dose of the extract did not cause any deaths in rats;the weight of the rats varied depending on the extracts administered. Concerning the subacute treatment, the levels of aspartate amino transaminases (AST) and Alanine amino transaminases (AST) did not vary significantly after the 28 days of treatment with the different extracts. On the other hand, a significant increase in serum creatinine was observed in rats treated with extracts of Phyllanthus amarus. The leaves of Heliotropium indicum, Ipomoaea fistulosa and Phyllanthus amarus contain the highest levels of potassium. Among the five plants studied, only the leaves of Phyllanthus amarus seem to induce renal toxicity. Extracts from the leaves of Heliotropium indicum, Ipomoaea fistulosa might be the most effective in inducing hypotensive activity and do not show toxicity.
文摘From the Asteraceaes family, <i>Tridax procumbens</i> is a wild species frequently found in fields, meadows and roadsides. It is traditionally used to treat yellow fever, typhoid fever, high blood pressure and diabetes. In this work we used the hydro-ethanolic extract of the leaves and stems of the plant and also the fractions of this extract to determine the preventive and therapeutic activities of the plant against obesity, hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia. The yields of the fractions obtained by decantation of the hydro-ethanolic extract are respectively 0.160% with hexane, 0.073% with dichloromethane, 0.09% with diethyl ether and 0.150% with ethyl acetate. Hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia were induced in the rats submitted to a fatty and sweet diet for 28 days. Our results showed a significant increase in glycemia, weight and triglyceride level in rats that were subjected to the diet. On the other hand, the rats treated with the dose of 500 mg/kg of body weight of <i>Tridax procumbens</i> extract during the induction showed a reduction in weight gain and an absence of increase <span style="letter-spacing:-0.1pt;">in blood sugar and triglyceride levels. The ethyl acetate fraction of <i>Tridax pro</i></span><i>cumbens</i> extract administered to fatty and hyperglycemic rats at 50 mg/kg of body weight for 14 days did not induce change in the blood sugar and triglycerides level of fatty and hyperglycemic rats. If it seems obvious that the extract of <i>Tridax procumbens</i> prevents hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia, the ethyl acetate fraction does not seem to have a therapeutic effect.
