MicroRNAs,a key class of gene expression regulators,have emerged as crucial players in various biological processes such as cellular proliferation and differentiation,development and apoptosis.In addition,microRNAs ar...MicroRNAs,a key class of gene expression regulators,have emerged as crucial players in various biological processes such as cellular proliferation and differentiation,development and apoptosis.In addition,microRNAs are coming to light as crucial regulators of innate and adaptive immune responses,and their abnormal expression and/or function in the immune system have been linked to multiple human diseases including inflammatory disorders,such as inflammatory bowel disease,and cancers.In this review,we discuss our current understanding of microRNAs with a focus on their role and mode of action in regulating the immune system during inflammation and carcinogenesis.展开更多
During daylight, plants produce excess photo- synthates, including sucrose, which is temporarily stored in the vacuole. At night, plants remobilize sucrose to sustain metabolism and growth. Based on homology to other ...During daylight, plants produce excess photo- synthates, including sucrose, which is temporarily stored in the vacuole. At night, plants remobilize sucrose to sustain metabolism and growth. Based on homology to other sucrose transporter (SUT) proteins, we hypothesized the maize (Zea mays) SUCROSE TRANSPORTER2 (ZmSUT2) protein functions as a sucrose/H^+ symporter on the vacuolar membrane to export transiently stored sucrose. To understand the biological role of ZmSut2, we examined its spatial and temporal gene expression, determined the protein subcellular localization, and characterized loss-of- function mutations. ZmSut2 mRNA was ubiquitously expressed and exhibited diurnal cycling in transcript abundance. Expressing a translational fusion of ZmSUT2 fused to a red fluorescent protein in maize mesophyll cell protoplasts revealed that the protein localized to the tonoplast. Under field conditions, zmsut2 mutant plants grew slower, possessed smaller tassels and ears, and produced fewer kernels when compared to wild-type siblings, zmsut2 mutants also accumulated two-fold more sucrose, glucose, and fructose as well as starch in source leaves compared to wild type. These findings suggest (i) ZmSUT2 functions to remobilize sucrose out of the vacuole for subsequent use in growing tissues; and (ii) its function provides an important contribution to maize development and agronomic yield.展开更多
Enteroviruses(EVs)species A are a major public health issue in the Asia–Pacific region and cause frequent epidemics of hand,foot and mouth disease(HFMD)in China.Mild infections are common in children;however,HFMD can...Enteroviruses(EVs)species A are a major public health issue in the Asia–Pacific region and cause frequent epidemics of hand,foot and mouth disease(HFMD)in China.Mild infections are common in children;however,HFMD can also cause severe illness that affects the central nervous system.To molecularly characterize EVs,a prospective HFMD virological surveillance program was performed in China between 2013 and 2016.Throat swabs,rectal swabs and stool samples were collected from suspected HFMD patients at participating hospitals.EVs were detected using generic real-time and nested reverse transcription-polymerase chain reactions(RT-PCRs).Then,the complete VP1 regions of enterovirus A71(EV-A71),coxsackievirus A16(CVA16)and CVA6 were sequenced to analyze amino acid changes and construct a viral molecular phylogeny.Of the 2836 enrolled HFMD patients,2,517(89%)were EV positive.The most frequently detected EVs were CVA16(32.5%,819),CVA6(31.2%,785),and EV-A71(20.4%,514).The subgenogroups CVA16B1 b,CVA6D3 a and EV-A71C4 a were predominant in China and recombination was not observed in the VP1 region.Sequence analysis revealed amino acid variations at the 30,29 and 44 positions in the VP1 region of EV-A71,CVA16 and CVA6(compared to the respective prototype strains Br Cr,G10 and Gdula),respectively.Furthermore,in 21 of 24(87.5%)identified EV-A71 samples,a known amino acid substitution(D31 N)that may enhance neurovirulence was detected.Our study provides insights about the genetic characteristics of common HFMD-associated EVs.However,the emergence and virulence of the described mutations require further investigation.展开更多
This study aims to evaluate the effect of serum concentration, synchronization time, and confluence degree on the synchronisation efficiency of goat fibroblast cycle. The results indicated that there was no difference...This study aims to evaluate the effect of serum concentration, synchronization time, and confluence degree on the synchronisation efficiency of goat fibroblast cycle. The results indicated that there was no difference in the percentage of nucleated fibroblasts in the G0/G1 stage between serum concentrations of 0.3% and 0.4% (83.89% and 82.69%, respectively, P > 0.05) as well as between serum concentrations of 0.2% and 0.5% (76.95% and 75.46%, respectively, P > 0.05). The percentage of nucleated fibroblasts in the G0/G1 stage was highest at the concentration of 0.3% and lowest in the control group (83.89% vs. 62.67%, P 0.05). The beneficial effect of high confluence was confirmed by the large percentage of nucleated fibroblasts at the G0/G1 stage. The 60% confluency was significantly lower than the 80% and 100% confluency (73.44%, 86.63%, and 87.17%, respectively, P < 0.05). The results indicate that the goat fibroblast cycle synchronization is the most effective at the serum concentration of 0.3%, 72 hours of synchronization and 100% confluency.展开更多
This paper aims to analyze and evaluate a model of forest conservation and management of ethnic minority (or indigenous) people in central Vietnam, often referred to as the spiritual forest. These forests, called sacr...This paper aims to analyze and evaluate a model of forest conservation and management of ethnic minority (or indigenous) people in central Vietnam, often referred to as the spiritual forest. These forests, called sacred forest or ghost forests by the ethnic minority people in Thua Thien Hue province, have existed for a long time among forest residents. However, they have recently declined, both in quality and quantity, due to various factors, including changes in society, economy, environment, and perception, among other reasons. Based on research conducted in A Luoi district, Thua Thien Hue province with household interviews, group discussions, and field surveys, we find that spiritual forest retains religious and human significance. They are also often among the last remaining natural forests left due to deforestation by human activities. The research results indicate challenges that conservation of spiritual forest may face, while giving recommendations derived from communities for sustainable forest development and conservation in the region.展开更多
Medical diagnostic tests to detect Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) for individuals in the United States were initially limited to people who were traveling or symptomatic to track disease ...Medical diagnostic tests to detect Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) for individuals in the United States were initially limited to people who were traveling or symptomatic to track disease incidence due to the cost of providing testing for all people in a community on a routine basis. As an alternative to randomly sampling large groups of people to track disease incidence at significant cost, wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) is a well-established and cost-effective technique to passively measure the prevalence of disease in communities without requiring invasive testing. WBE can also be used as a forecasting tool since the virus is shed in individuals prior to developing symptoms that might otherwise prompt testing. This study applied the WBE approach to understand its effectiveness as a possible forecasting tool by monitoring the SARS-CoV-2 levels in raw wastewater sampled from sewer lift stations at a large public university campus setting including dormitories, academic buildings, and athletic facilities. The WBE analysis was conducted by sampling from building-specific lift stations and enumerating target viral copies using RT-qPCR analysis. The WBE results were compared with the 7-day rolling averages of confirmed infected individuals for the following week after the wastewater sample analysis. In most cases, changes in the WBE outcomes were followed by similar trends in the clinical data. The positive predictive value of the applied WBE approach was 86% for the following week of the sample collection. In contrast, positive correlations between the two data with Spearmen correlation (rs) ranged from 0.16 to 0.36. A stronger correlation (rs = 0.18 to 0.51) was observed when WBE results were compared with COVID-19 cases identified on the next day of the sampling events. The P value of 0.007 for Dorm A suggests high significance, while moderate significance was observed for the other dormitories (B, C, and D). The outcomes of this investigation demonstrate that WBE can be a valuab展开更多
Eurycoma longifolia(EL) has been well recognized as a booster of male sexual health. Over the past few decades, numerous in vivo animal studies and human clinical trials have been conducted across the globe to explore...Eurycoma longifolia(EL) has been well recognized as a booster of male sexual health. Over the past few decades, numerous in vivo animal studies and human clinical trials have been conducted across the globe to explore the promising role of EL in managing various male sexual disorders, which include erectile dysfunction, male infertility, low libido, and downregulated testosterone levels. The aim of the present review is to analyze and summarize the literature on human clinical trials which revealed the clinical significance and therapeutic feasibility of EL in improving male sexual health. This systematic review is focused on the following databases: Medline, Wiley Online Library, Bio Med Central, Hindawi, Web of Knowledge, Pub Med Central and Google Scholar, using search terms such as "Eurycoma longifolia", "EL", "Tongkat Ali", "male sexual health", "sexual infertility", "erectile dysfunction", "male libido", and "testosterone levels". Notably, only human clinical studies published between 2000 and 2014 were selected and thoroughly reviewed for relevant citations. Out of 150 articles, 11 met the inclusion criteria. The majority of articles included were randomized placebo-controlled trials, multiple cohort studies, or pilot trials. All these studies demonstrated considerable effects of EL on male sexual health disorders. Among them, 7 studies revealed remarkable association between the use of EL and the efficacy in the treatment of male sexual disorders, and remaining 4 studies failed to demonstrate sufficient effects on male sexual health. In summary, there is convincing evidence for the prominence of EL in improving the male sexual health. The review also substantiates the use of current methodology in the development of novel and more rationale natural herbal medicines for the management of male sexual disorders.展开更多
Effects of different levels of compost application on the amounts and percentage distribution of organic N forms in whole soils and particle size fractions were investigated. Soil samples were collected from three plo...Effects of different levels of compost application on the amounts and percentage distribution of organic N forms in whole soils and particle size fractions were investigated. Soil samples were collected from three plots: (a) F, only chemical fertilizers;(b) F+LC, chemical fertilizers plus low level of compost;(c) F+HC, chemical fertilizers plus high level of compost. Each soil sample was divided into five fractions: coarse sand-sized aggregate (CSA), medium sand-sized aggregate (MSA), fine sand-sized aggregate (FSA), silt-sized aggregate (SIA) and clay-sized aggregate (CLA) fractions. The sand fractions were subdivided into decayed plants (DP) and mineral particles (MP). The amounts of total N and different organic N forms in the whole soils as well as size fractions generally increased with increasing the amount of compost. In the whole soils, percentage distribution of non-hydrolysable-N and amino sugar-N increased by compost application while the distribution values of the hydrolysable ammonium- N and unidentified-N decreased. The application did not affect the distribution degree of amino acid-N. In the size fractions, the distribution values of most organic N forms increased in the CSA-DP, MSA-DP and FSA-DP fractions by compost application. In the CLA fractions, the amounts and percentage distribution of organic N forms were the highest, although the application caused decreases in their distribution values. These findings indicate that the CLA fraction merit close attention as an important reservoir of various organic N.展开更多
Despite the use of many types of chemotherapies for pancreatic cancer, optimal efficacy has not been obtained so far. Pancreatic cancer shows a high incidence of TP53 mutations, inactivating its tumor suppressor activ...Despite the use of many types of chemotherapies for pancreatic cancer, optimal efficacy has not been obtained so far. Pancreatic cancer shows a high incidence of TP53 mutations, inactivating its tumor suppressor activity. In this study, we identified sodium cantharidinate as a novel, potential anti-pancreatic cancer agent that activates p53 function. Sodium cantharidinate reduced the viability of pancreatic cancer cells, including the human primary pancreatic cancer cells, PANC-1, As PC-1, SW1990 and BXPC-3, in a dose-dependent manner. Sodium cantharidinate induced apoptosis and DNA damage of pancreatic cancer cells. Furthermore, proteome-wide sequencing analysis detected a marked perturbation in p53 signaling pathway on PANC-1 cells upon sodium cantharidinate. Consistent with the previous results, sodium cantharidinate treatment decreased Bcl-2 and mitochondrial cytochrome-c protein expression, as well as phosphorylation of MDM2;meanwhile, it increased the levels of cleaved-caspase-3,cleaved-caspase-9, cleaved-PARP, Bax, and phosphorylated p53, thus inducing the apoptosis of pancreatic cancer cells. The p53-activating effect of sodium cantharidinate was strongly abrogated by treatment with TP53-targeting sh RNA. Moreover, sodium cantharidinate inhibited neoplasm growth via the JAK2-STAT3 pathway, which was inhibited by sh RNA-TP53 and triggered by combination with gemcitabine. Combination therapy indicated that sodium cantharidinate and gemcitabine synergistically reduced ex vivo and in vivo growth of pancreatic neoplasm. Further docking studies revealed the different binding fates of sodium cantharidinate to activate wild-type p53 function. Thus, sodium cantharidinate could be a potential agent with promising anti-pancreatic cancer efficacy.展开更多
Vietnam’s economy has been developing strongly in recent years;however, it is necessary to examine the impact of its economic activities on environmental quality. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between ...Vietnam’s economy has been developing strongly in recent years;however, it is necessary to examine the impact of its economic activities on environmental quality. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between CO<sub>2</sub> emissions and economic growth, industrial production, and foreign direct investment (FDI) in Vietnam. The ARDL estimation was used to process the dataset from World Bank. Results showed that economic growth, industrial production, and FDI have an impact on CO<sub>2</sub> emissions in the long run in Vietnam. Granger Causality test also indicated that there is a causal relationship between economic growth, industrial production, and CO<sub>2</sub> emissions in Vietnam from 1990 to 2018, at 5% statistical significance level. Proposed solutions to reduce CO<sub>2</sub> emissions but still promote economic growth toward the green growth orientation and zero carbon target attainment are as follows: 1) reduce the use of fossil energy in industrial manufacturing and replace it by renewable energy sources;2) use modern technology for all production sectors in economy;and 3) develop a legal framework for FDI projects selection and choose foreign investors with modern and low carbon emission technology.展开更多
Our aim was to evaluate the quality of ejaculated and epididymal frozen-thawed pig sperm of endangered Vietnam native pig breeds. Ejaculated sperm was collected from live boars and epididymal sperm was collected from ...Our aim was to evaluate the quality of ejaculated and epididymal frozen-thawed pig sperm of endangered Vietnam native pig breeds. Ejaculated sperm was collected from live boars and epididymal sperm was collected from slaughtered boars of the MuongTe, Kieng Sat and Co BinhThuan breeds and frozen in 0.25 ml straws using a protocol established earlier for modern pig breeds. We evaluated the sperm quality after thawing in terms of motility and rates of viable and abnormal spermatozoa. Our results revealed that the sperm motility and rates of viable and abnormal frozen-thawed sperm were >30%, >44%, and <14%, respectively. The origin of sperm had an effect on the production of pig embryos in vitro. In the Co BinhThuan breed, ejaculated sperm generated higher cleavage, blastocyst and hatching rates than did the epididymal sperm (60.11% vs 56.02%, 17.23% vs 14.31%, 3.78% vs 2.34%, respectively, P < 0.05). Although no difference in cleavage rate, blastocyst formation rate and the average number of cells/blastocysts, the hatching blastocyst rate was different between the breeds (P > 0.05). In the Co BinhThuan breed, the rate of pregnancy of ejaculated groups was similar to that of the epididymal group. In conclusion, the ejaculated and epididymal sperm of native Vietnamese pigs were successfully frozen. We succeeded in creating embryos in vitro and pregnant pigs after artificial insemination from frozen-thawed semen in three native Vietnamese pig breeds for the first time. The use of the ejaculated sperm improved the production of native pig embryos in vitro efficiency.展开更多
Importance:Nutritional status of infants,measured by birth weight and length,is an essential factor in neonatal development.Malnutrition in newborns may lead to a higher risk of mortality,neurological and cognitive im...Importance:Nutritional status of infants,measured by birth weight and length,is an essential factor in neonatal development.Malnutrition in newborns may lead to a higher risk of mortality,neurological and cognitive impairment,and poor language development.Objective:This study aims to assess the nutritional status of infants and related factors regarding maternal anthropometric characteristics and medical history.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted at the National Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology,Vietnam from May 2021 to May 2022 on 340 infants and mothers.Low birth weight was defined following the Intergrowth-21 standards.Stunting was evaluated using the Fenton growth chart when the length was below the 10%percentile line of the gestational week.Multivariate regression models were applied to identify factors associated with the nutritional status of infants.Results:We found that 12.4%and 14.1%of infants in our study fell into stunted and underweight categories,respectively.Infants of mothers over 35 years old,having a height lower than 150 cm or experiencing anemia during pregnancy were more likely to be stunted or have low birth weight.Serum albumin deficiency during pregnancy was strongly associated with the infant being underweight(odds ratio[OR]=2.8,95%confidence interval[95%CI]1.1–7.3).Newborns were more likely to be stunted if their mothers had a history of preterm birth(OR=3.3,95%CI 1.1–10.2).Interpretation:Maternal nutritional status is closely related to infant malnutrition,particularly in preterm infants.Improving the understanding of mothers regarding prenatal care,reproductive healthcare,adequate nutritional diet,and multi-micronutrient supplements during pregnancy is therefore important.展开更多
Research objective: To study a clinical case that had a complication of subclavian artery bleeding during permanent pacemaker implantation process. Subject and Method: Clinical case report and literature review. Study...Research objective: To study a clinical case that had a complication of subclavian artery bleeding during permanent pacemaker implantation process. Subject and Method: Clinical case report and literature review. Study of a patient had an indication for permanent pacemaker implantation who had complication of subclavian artery bleeding during the procedure. Result: An 84-year-old female patient was admitted to the hospital because of fainting spells with chest pain, on the background of dangerous complex arrhythmias and ischemic heart disease, and was prescribed a pacemaker for this patient. The patient had complication occurred during the procedure, which left subclavian artery bleeding was detected and treated promptly, a cardiac pacemaker was implanted on the right side of the chest, and the patient had a successful endovascular stent cover in the left subclavian artery. Conclude: Subclavian artery bleeding is a rare complication in the procedure of permanent pacemaker implantation, but it can still occur and requires quick detection and timely treatment, needs to be successful in cardiac pacemaker placement and subclavian artery drug-eluting stent cover placement intervention. Individualized patient risk assessment is needed;appropriate and standardized intervention techniques and experience can reduce the occurrence of this variable.展开更多
Pollution in the coastal areas negatively affects biochemical indicators of seawater, human health and marine organisms. Hai Phong is a coastal city of Vietnam with the development of socio-economic activities, repres...Pollution in the coastal areas negatively affects biochemical indicators of seawater, human health and marine organisms. Hai Phong is a coastal city of Vietnam with the development of socio-economic activities, representing through an increasing number of industrial zones. This study is to evaluate the pollution of large industrial zones in Hai Phong city using numerical models. The numerical simulation (MIKE 21 SW, FM, ECO Lab) models were applied to simulate the wave propagation, hydraulic regime, water quality in coastal Hai Phong area. The MIKE 21 ECO Lab model was used to evaluate sources of waste from the large coastal industrial zones to some aquaculture zones. The calibration and validation results of wave propagation and the hydrodynamic models were resonably good, with Nash coefficient ranging from 0.65 to 0.90 and a percent bias (PBIAS) from 5.6% to 9.4%. The simulation results of water quality and concentration of pollutants (DO, BOD<sub>5</sub>, COD, TSS, Fe, and Coliform) in 2023 at the aquaculture locations show that the BOD<sub>5</sub>, COD, and TSS concentrations were higher than the allowable limits stated in the national technical regulation on surface water quality (QCVN 08:2023/BTNMT) and lower than the allowable limits stated in the national technical regulation on marine water quality (QCVN 10:2023/BTNMT). The outcomes of this study will provide more information to support managers to come up with a better socio-economic development plan for Hai Phong city to achieve sustainable development.展开更多
基金Supported by The Ministère de la Recherche et de la Technologie(JE2526,France),Inserm and University of Auvergne (UMR1071),INRA(USC-2018)Grants from the Association Fran ois Aupetit(AFA to Arlette Darfeuille-Michaud),and the European Union FP7 People Marie Curie International Incoming Fellowship(IIF to Hang Nguyen)
文摘MicroRNAs,a key class of gene expression regulators,have emerged as crucial players in various biological processes such as cellular proliferation and differentiation,development and apoptosis.In addition,microRNAs are coming to light as crucial regulators of innate and adaptive immune responses,and their abnormal expression and/or function in the immune system have been linked to multiple human diseases including inflammatory disorders,such as inflammatory bowel disease,and cancers.In this review,we discuss our current understanding of microRNAs with a focus on their role and mode of action in regulating the immune system during inflammation and carcinogenesis.
基金supported by the National Science Foundation Plant Genome Research Program, grant no. IOS-1025976 to DMB
文摘During daylight, plants produce excess photo- synthates, including sucrose, which is temporarily stored in the vacuole. At night, plants remobilize sucrose to sustain metabolism and growth. Based on homology to other sucrose transporter (SUT) proteins, we hypothesized the maize (Zea mays) SUCROSE TRANSPORTER2 (ZmSUT2) protein functions as a sucrose/H^+ symporter on the vacuolar membrane to export transiently stored sucrose. To understand the biological role of ZmSut2, we examined its spatial and temporal gene expression, determined the protein subcellular localization, and characterized loss-of- function mutations. ZmSut2 mRNA was ubiquitously expressed and exhibited diurnal cycling in transcript abundance. Expressing a translational fusion of ZmSUT2 fused to a red fluorescent protein in maize mesophyll cell protoplasts revealed that the protein localized to the tonoplast. Under field conditions, zmsut2 mutant plants grew slower, possessed smaller tassels and ears, and produced fewer kernels when compared to wild-type siblings, zmsut2 mutants also accumulated two-fold more sucrose, glucose, and fructose as well as starch in source leaves compared to wild type. These findings suggest (i) ZmSUT2 functions to remobilize sucrose out of the vacuole for subsequent use in growing tissues; and (ii) its function provides an important contribution to maize development and agronomic yield.
基金supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project of China(No.2018ZX10201001-010,No.2017ZX10103009-005,No.2018ZX10713001-007)the National Natural Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of China(No.81525023)+4 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81473031)the Program of Shanghai Academic/Technology Research Leader(No.18XD1400300)the Li Ka Shing Oxford Global Health Programme(No.B9RST00-B900.57)the Chinese Preventive Medicine Association(No:20101801)supported by CAS Pioneer Hundred Talents Program
文摘Enteroviruses(EVs)species A are a major public health issue in the Asia–Pacific region and cause frequent epidemics of hand,foot and mouth disease(HFMD)in China.Mild infections are common in children;however,HFMD can also cause severe illness that affects the central nervous system.To molecularly characterize EVs,a prospective HFMD virological surveillance program was performed in China between 2013 and 2016.Throat swabs,rectal swabs and stool samples were collected from suspected HFMD patients at participating hospitals.EVs were detected using generic real-time and nested reverse transcription-polymerase chain reactions(RT-PCRs).Then,the complete VP1 regions of enterovirus A71(EV-A71),coxsackievirus A16(CVA16)and CVA6 were sequenced to analyze amino acid changes and construct a viral molecular phylogeny.Of the 2836 enrolled HFMD patients,2,517(89%)were EV positive.The most frequently detected EVs were CVA16(32.5%,819),CVA6(31.2%,785),and EV-A71(20.4%,514).The subgenogroups CVA16B1 b,CVA6D3 a and EV-A71C4 a were predominant in China and recombination was not observed in the VP1 region.Sequence analysis revealed amino acid variations at the 30,29 and 44 positions in the VP1 region of EV-A71,CVA16 and CVA6(compared to the respective prototype strains Br Cr,G10 and Gdula),respectively.Furthermore,in 21 of 24(87.5%)identified EV-A71 samples,a known amino acid substitution(D31 N)that may enhance neurovirulence was detected.Our study provides insights about the genetic characteristics of common HFMD-associated EVs.However,the emergence and virulence of the described mutations require further investigation.
文摘This study aims to evaluate the effect of serum concentration, synchronization time, and confluence degree on the synchronisation efficiency of goat fibroblast cycle. The results indicated that there was no difference in the percentage of nucleated fibroblasts in the G0/G1 stage between serum concentrations of 0.3% and 0.4% (83.89% and 82.69%, respectively, P > 0.05) as well as between serum concentrations of 0.2% and 0.5% (76.95% and 75.46%, respectively, P > 0.05). The percentage of nucleated fibroblasts in the G0/G1 stage was highest at the concentration of 0.3% and lowest in the control group (83.89% vs. 62.67%, P 0.05). The beneficial effect of high confluence was confirmed by the large percentage of nucleated fibroblasts at the G0/G1 stage. The 60% confluency was significantly lower than the 80% and 100% confluency (73.44%, 86.63%, and 87.17%, respectively, P < 0.05). The results indicate that the goat fibroblast cycle synchronization is the most effective at the serum concentration of 0.3%, 72 hours of synchronization and 100% confluency.
文摘This paper aims to analyze and evaluate a model of forest conservation and management of ethnic minority (or indigenous) people in central Vietnam, often referred to as the spiritual forest. These forests, called sacred forest or ghost forests by the ethnic minority people in Thua Thien Hue province, have existed for a long time among forest residents. However, they have recently declined, both in quality and quantity, due to various factors, including changes in society, economy, environment, and perception, among other reasons. Based on research conducted in A Luoi district, Thua Thien Hue province with household interviews, group discussions, and field surveys, we find that spiritual forest retains religious and human significance. They are also often among the last remaining natural forests left due to deforestation by human activities. The research results indicate challenges that conservation of spiritual forest may face, while giving recommendations derived from communities for sustainable forest development and conservation in the region.
文摘Medical diagnostic tests to detect Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) for individuals in the United States were initially limited to people who were traveling or symptomatic to track disease incidence due to the cost of providing testing for all people in a community on a routine basis. As an alternative to randomly sampling large groups of people to track disease incidence at significant cost, wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) is a well-established and cost-effective technique to passively measure the prevalence of disease in communities without requiring invasive testing. WBE can also be used as a forecasting tool since the virus is shed in individuals prior to developing symptoms that might otherwise prompt testing. This study applied the WBE approach to understand its effectiveness as a possible forecasting tool by monitoring the SARS-CoV-2 levels in raw wastewater sampled from sewer lift stations at a large public university campus setting including dormitories, academic buildings, and athletic facilities. The WBE analysis was conducted by sampling from building-specific lift stations and enumerating target viral copies using RT-qPCR analysis. The WBE results were compared with the 7-day rolling averages of confirmed infected individuals for the following week after the wastewater sample analysis. In most cases, changes in the WBE outcomes were followed by similar trends in the clinical data. The positive predictive value of the applied WBE approach was 86% for the following week of the sample collection. In contrast, positive correlations between the two data with Spearmen correlation (rs) ranged from 0.16 to 0.36. A stronger correlation (rs = 0.18 to 0.51) was observed when WBE results were compared with COVID-19 cases identified on the next day of the sampling events. The P value of 0.007 for Dorm A suggests high significance, while moderate significance was observed for the other dormitories (B, C, and D). The outcomes of this investigation demonstrate that WBE can be a valuab
基金supported by the Ministry of Agriculture for providing New Application for Herbal Research Grant Scheme(NRGS)(No.NH1014D040)
文摘Eurycoma longifolia(EL) has been well recognized as a booster of male sexual health. Over the past few decades, numerous in vivo animal studies and human clinical trials have been conducted across the globe to explore the promising role of EL in managing various male sexual disorders, which include erectile dysfunction, male infertility, low libido, and downregulated testosterone levels. The aim of the present review is to analyze and summarize the literature on human clinical trials which revealed the clinical significance and therapeutic feasibility of EL in improving male sexual health. This systematic review is focused on the following databases: Medline, Wiley Online Library, Bio Med Central, Hindawi, Web of Knowledge, Pub Med Central and Google Scholar, using search terms such as "Eurycoma longifolia", "EL", "Tongkat Ali", "male sexual health", "sexual infertility", "erectile dysfunction", "male libido", and "testosterone levels". Notably, only human clinical studies published between 2000 and 2014 were selected and thoroughly reviewed for relevant citations. Out of 150 articles, 11 met the inclusion criteria. The majority of articles included were randomized placebo-controlled trials, multiple cohort studies, or pilot trials. All these studies demonstrated considerable effects of EL on male sexual health disorders. Among them, 7 studies revealed remarkable association between the use of EL and the efficacy in the treatment of male sexual disorders, and remaining 4 studies failed to demonstrate sufficient effects on male sexual health. In summary, there is convincing evidence for the prominence of EL in improving the male sexual health. The review also substantiates the use of current methodology in the development of novel and more rationale natural herbal medicines for the management of male sexual disorders.
文摘Effects of different levels of compost application on the amounts and percentage distribution of organic N forms in whole soils and particle size fractions were investigated. Soil samples were collected from three plots: (a) F, only chemical fertilizers;(b) F+LC, chemical fertilizers plus low level of compost;(c) F+HC, chemical fertilizers plus high level of compost. Each soil sample was divided into five fractions: coarse sand-sized aggregate (CSA), medium sand-sized aggregate (MSA), fine sand-sized aggregate (FSA), silt-sized aggregate (SIA) and clay-sized aggregate (CLA) fractions. The sand fractions were subdivided into decayed plants (DP) and mineral particles (MP). The amounts of total N and different organic N forms in the whole soils as well as size fractions generally increased with increasing the amount of compost. In the whole soils, percentage distribution of non-hydrolysable-N and amino sugar-N increased by compost application while the distribution values of the hydrolysable ammonium- N and unidentified-N decreased. The application did not affect the distribution degree of amino acid-N. In the size fractions, the distribution values of most organic N forms increased in the CSA-DP, MSA-DP and FSA-DP fractions by compost application. In the CLA fractions, the amounts and percentage distribution of organic N forms were the highest, although the application caused decreases in their distribution values. These findings indicate that the CLA fraction merit close attention as an important reservoir of various organic N.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2019YFC1711000 to P.L.)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81772566 to J.L.)+1 种基金in part by the Project Program of State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines,China Pharmaceutical University(SKLNMZZCX201820 to X.X.)the"Double First-Class"University Project(CPU2018GF04 to XX)。
文摘Despite the use of many types of chemotherapies for pancreatic cancer, optimal efficacy has not been obtained so far. Pancreatic cancer shows a high incidence of TP53 mutations, inactivating its tumor suppressor activity. In this study, we identified sodium cantharidinate as a novel, potential anti-pancreatic cancer agent that activates p53 function. Sodium cantharidinate reduced the viability of pancreatic cancer cells, including the human primary pancreatic cancer cells, PANC-1, As PC-1, SW1990 and BXPC-3, in a dose-dependent manner. Sodium cantharidinate induced apoptosis and DNA damage of pancreatic cancer cells. Furthermore, proteome-wide sequencing analysis detected a marked perturbation in p53 signaling pathway on PANC-1 cells upon sodium cantharidinate. Consistent with the previous results, sodium cantharidinate treatment decreased Bcl-2 and mitochondrial cytochrome-c protein expression, as well as phosphorylation of MDM2;meanwhile, it increased the levels of cleaved-caspase-3,cleaved-caspase-9, cleaved-PARP, Bax, and phosphorylated p53, thus inducing the apoptosis of pancreatic cancer cells. The p53-activating effect of sodium cantharidinate was strongly abrogated by treatment with TP53-targeting sh RNA. Moreover, sodium cantharidinate inhibited neoplasm growth via the JAK2-STAT3 pathway, which was inhibited by sh RNA-TP53 and triggered by combination with gemcitabine. Combination therapy indicated that sodium cantharidinate and gemcitabine synergistically reduced ex vivo and in vivo growth of pancreatic neoplasm. Further docking studies revealed the different binding fates of sodium cantharidinate to activate wild-type p53 function. Thus, sodium cantharidinate could be a potential agent with promising anti-pancreatic cancer efficacy.
文摘Vietnam’s economy has been developing strongly in recent years;however, it is necessary to examine the impact of its economic activities on environmental quality. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between CO<sub>2</sub> emissions and economic growth, industrial production, and foreign direct investment (FDI) in Vietnam. The ARDL estimation was used to process the dataset from World Bank. Results showed that economic growth, industrial production, and FDI have an impact on CO<sub>2</sub> emissions in the long run in Vietnam. Granger Causality test also indicated that there is a causal relationship between economic growth, industrial production, and CO<sub>2</sub> emissions in Vietnam from 1990 to 2018, at 5% statistical significance level. Proposed solutions to reduce CO<sub>2</sub> emissions but still promote economic growth toward the green growth orientation and zero carbon target attainment are as follows: 1) reduce the use of fossil energy in industrial manufacturing and replace it by renewable energy sources;2) use modern technology for all production sectors in economy;and 3) develop a legal framework for FDI projects selection and choose foreign investors with modern and low carbon emission technology.
文摘Our aim was to evaluate the quality of ejaculated and epididymal frozen-thawed pig sperm of endangered Vietnam native pig breeds. Ejaculated sperm was collected from live boars and epididymal sperm was collected from slaughtered boars of the MuongTe, Kieng Sat and Co BinhThuan breeds and frozen in 0.25 ml straws using a protocol established earlier for modern pig breeds. We evaluated the sperm quality after thawing in terms of motility and rates of viable and abnormal spermatozoa. Our results revealed that the sperm motility and rates of viable and abnormal frozen-thawed sperm were >30%, >44%, and <14%, respectively. The origin of sperm had an effect on the production of pig embryos in vitro. In the Co BinhThuan breed, ejaculated sperm generated higher cleavage, blastocyst and hatching rates than did the epididymal sperm (60.11% vs 56.02%, 17.23% vs 14.31%, 3.78% vs 2.34%, respectively, P < 0.05). Although no difference in cleavage rate, blastocyst formation rate and the average number of cells/blastocysts, the hatching blastocyst rate was different between the breeds (P > 0.05). In the Co BinhThuan breed, the rate of pregnancy of ejaculated groups was similar to that of the epididymal group. In conclusion, the ejaculated and epididymal sperm of native Vietnamese pigs were successfully frozen. We succeeded in creating embryos in vitro and pregnant pigs after artificial insemination from frozen-thawed semen in three native Vietnamese pig breeds for the first time. The use of the ejaculated sperm improved the production of native pig embryos in vitro efficiency.
文摘Importance:Nutritional status of infants,measured by birth weight and length,is an essential factor in neonatal development.Malnutrition in newborns may lead to a higher risk of mortality,neurological and cognitive impairment,and poor language development.Objective:This study aims to assess the nutritional status of infants and related factors regarding maternal anthropometric characteristics and medical history.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted at the National Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology,Vietnam from May 2021 to May 2022 on 340 infants and mothers.Low birth weight was defined following the Intergrowth-21 standards.Stunting was evaluated using the Fenton growth chart when the length was below the 10%percentile line of the gestational week.Multivariate regression models were applied to identify factors associated with the nutritional status of infants.Results:We found that 12.4%and 14.1%of infants in our study fell into stunted and underweight categories,respectively.Infants of mothers over 35 years old,having a height lower than 150 cm or experiencing anemia during pregnancy were more likely to be stunted or have low birth weight.Serum albumin deficiency during pregnancy was strongly associated with the infant being underweight(odds ratio[OR]=2.8,95%confidence interval[95%CI]1.1–7.3).Newborns were more likely to be stunted if their mothers had a history of preterm birth(OR=3.3,95%CI 1.1–10.2).Interpretation:Maternal nutritional status is closely related to infant malnutrition,particularly in preterm infants.Improving the understanding of mothers regarding prenatal care,reproductive healthcare,adequate nutritional diet,and multi-micronutrient supplements during pregnancy is therefore important.
文摘Research objective: To study a clinical case that had a complication of subclavian artery bleeding during permanent pacemaker implantation process. Subject and Method: Clinical case report and literature review. Study of a patient had an indication for permanent pacemaker implantation who had complication of subclavian artery bleeding during the procedure. Result: An 84-year-old female patient was admitted to the hospital because of fainting spells with chest pain, on the background of dangerous complex arrhythmias and ischemic heart disease, and was prescribed a pacemaker for this patient. The patient had complication occurred during the procedure, which left subclavian artery bleeding was detected and treated promptly, a cardiac pacemaker was implanted on the right side of the chest, and the patient had a successful endovascular stent cover in the left subclavian artery. Conclude: Subclavian artery bleeding is a rare complication in the procedure of permanent pacemaker implantation, but it can still occur and requires quick detection and timely treatment, needs to be successful in cardiac pacemaker placement and subclavian artery drug-eluting stent cover placement intervention. Individualized patient risk assessment is needed;appropriate and standardized intervention techniques and experience can reduce the occurrence of this variable.
文摘Pollution in the coastal areas negatively affects biochemical indicators of seawater, human health and marine organisms. Hai Phong is a coastal city of Vietnam with the development of socio-economic activities, representing through an increasing number of industrial zones. This study is to evaluate the pollution of large industrial zones in Hai Phong city using numerical models. The numerical simulation (MIKE 21 SW, FM, ECO Lab) models were applied to simulate the wave propagation, hydraulic regime, water quality in coastal Hai Phong area. The MIKE 21 ECO Lab model was used to evaluate sources of waste from the large coastal industrial zones to some aquaculture zones. The calibration and validation results of wave propagation and the hydrodynamic models were resonably good, with Nash coefficient ranging from 0.65 to 0.90 and a percent bias (PBIAS) from 5.6% to 9.4%. The simulation results of water quality and concentration of pollutants (DO, BOD<sub>5</sub>, COD, TSS, Fe, and Coliform) in 2023 at the aquaculture locations show that the BOD<sub>5</sub>, COD, and TSS concentrations were higher than the allowable limits stated in the national technical regulation on surface water quality (QCVN 08:2023/BTNMT) and lower than the allowable limits stated in the national technical regulation on marine water quality (QCVN 10:2023/BTNMT). The outcomes of this study will provide more information to support managers to come up with a better socio-economic development plan for Hai Phong city to achieve sustainable development.