●AIM:To study if one of the two molecules could lead to a lower number of follow up visits and intra-vitreous injection(IVI)with the same efficacy.●METHODS:ELU(or"elected"in French)study is a retrospective...●AIM:To study if one of the two molecules could lead to a lower number of follow up visits and intra-vitreous injection(IVI)with the same efficacy.●METHODS:ELU(or"elected"in French)study is a retrospective study conducted in real life in patients presenting suboptimal response after ranibizumab IVI(phase 1)and secondary switched to aflibercept(phase 2).The number of follow up visits and IVI were compared in both phases.Visual acuity(VA)evolution and"switching"reasons were secondary analyzed.●RESULTS:We retrospectively included data of 33 patients(38 eyes)with age-related macular degeneration(AMD;mean age:77±7.7 y).The number of monthly follow up visits[median(Q1;Q3)]:was significantly lower with aflibercept(phase 2),respectively 1.0(0.81;1.49)visits in phase 1,versus 0.79(0.67;0.86)visits in phase 2.The median number of monthly IVI also significantly decreased in phase 2,respectively 0.67(0.55;0.90)IVI in phase 1,versus 0.55(0.45;0.67)IVI in phase 2.The mean VA evolution(VA final-VA initial)was similar in both phases,(P>0.05).Whatever the reason for"switching"(loss of efficacy,tachyphylaxis,tolerance problems),there was no incidence on VA evolution over the time.●CONCLUSION:Our results show that switching from ranibizumab to aflibercept in"suboptimal"patients significantly reduce the number of follow up visits and IVI,with a comparable efficacy.This decrease in visit number could improve patients’quality of life and reduce surgical risk by reducing the number of injections.展开更多
Chicken bone is one of the most frequent foreign bodies (FB) associated with upper esophageal perforation. Upper digestive tract penetrating FB may lead to life threatening complications and requires prompt management...Chicken bone is one of the most frequent foreign bodies (FB) associated with upper esophageal perforation. Upper digestive tract penetrating FB may lead to life threatening complications and requires prompt management. We present the case of a 52-year-old man who sustained an upper esophageal perforation associated with cervical cellulitis and mediastinitis. Following CT-scan evidence of FB penetrating the esophagus, the impacted FB was successfully extracted under rigid esophagoscopy. Direct suture was required to close the esophageal perforation. Cervical and mediastinal drainage were made immediately. Naso- gastric tube decompression, broad-spectrum intravenous antibiotics, and parenteral hyperalimentation were administered for 10 d postoperatively. An esophagogram at d 10 revealed no leak at the repair site, and oral alimentation was successfully reinstituted. Conclusion: Rigid endoscope management of FB esophageal penetration is a simple, safe and effective procedure. Primary esophageal repair with drainage of all affected compartments are necessary to avoid life-threatening complications.展开更多
In mammal herbivores,fiber digestion usually occurs predominantly in either the foregut or the hindgut.Reports of mechanisms showing synergistic function in both gut regions for the digestion of fiber and other nutrie...In mammal herbivores,fiber digestion usually occurs predominantly in either the foregut or the hindgut.Reports of mechanisms showing synergistic function in both gut regions for the digestion of fiber and other nutrients in wild mammals are rare because it requires integrative study of anatomy,physiology,and gut microbiome.Colobine monkeys(Colobinae)are folivorous,with high-fiber foods fermented primarily in their foreguts.展开更多
We present the details of the sol-gel processing used to realize inverse silica opal,where the silica was activated with 0.3 mol% of Er3+ ions. The template(direct opal) was obtained assembling polystyrene spheres of ...We present the details of the sol-gel processing used to realize inverse silica opal,where the silica was activated with 0.3 mol% of Er3+ ions. The template(direct opal) was obtained assembling polystyrene spheres of the dimensions of 260 nm by means of a vertical deposition technique. The Er3+-activated silica inverse opal was obtained infiltrating,into the void of the template,the silica sol doped with Er3+ ions and subsequently removing the polystyrene spheres by means of calcinations. Scanning electron microscope showed that the inverse opals possess a fcc structure with a air hollows of about 210 nm and a photonic band gap,in the visible range,was observed from reflectance measurements. Spectroscopic properties of Er3+-activated silica inverse opal were investigated by luminescence spectroscopy,where,upon excitation at 514.5 nm,an emission of 4I13/2 → 4I15/2 of Er3+ ions transition with a 21 nm bandwidth was observed. Moreover the 4I13/2 level decay curve presents a single-exponential profile,with a measured lifetime of 18 ms,corresponding a high quantum efficiency of the system.展开更多
Aim: To study the prevalence of psychoactive substance use disorder (PSUD) among suicidal adolescents, psychoactive substance intoxication at the moment of the attempt, and the association between PSUD at baseline and...Aim: To study the prevalence of psychoactive substance use disorder (PSUD) among suicidal adolescents, psychoactive substance intoxication at the moment of the attempt, and the association between PSUD at baseline and either occurrence of suicide or repetition of suicide attempt(s). Methods: 186 adolescents aged 16 to 21 y hospitalized for suicide attempt or overwhelming suicidal ideation were included (TO); 148 of them were traced again for evaluations after 6 mo (T1) and/or 18 mo (T2). DSM-IV diagnoses were assessed each time using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Results: At TO, 39.2%of the subjects were found to have a PSUD. Among them, a significantly higher proportion was intoxicated at the time of the attempt than those without PSUD(44.3%vs 25.4%). Among the 148 adolescents who could be traced at either T1 or T2, two died from suicide and 30 repeated suicide attempts once or more times. A marginally significant association was found between death by suicide/repetition of suicide attempt and alcohol abuse/dependence at baseline (OR 3.3, 95%CI 0.7～15.0; OR 2.6, 95%CI 0.7～9.3). More than one suicide attempt before admission to hospital at T0 (OR 3.2, 95%CI 1.1～10.0) and age over 19 y at T0 (OR 3.2, 95%CI 1.1～9.2) were independently associated with the likelihood of death by suicide or repetition of suicide attempt. Conclusion: Among adolescents hospitalized for suicide attempt or overwhelming suicidal ideation, the risk of death or repetition of attempt is high and is associated with previous suicide attempts-especially among older adolescent sand also marginally associated with PSUD; these adolescents should be carefully evaluated for such risks and followed up once discharged from the hospital.展开更多
The chemical compositions of Ag-Er co-doped phosphate and silicate glasses were investigated with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy with the purpose to identify the chemical state of silver. The analysis of the Ag 3d c...The chemical compositions of Ag-Er co-doped phosphate and silicate glasses were investigated with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy with the purpose to identify the chemical state of silver. The analysis of the Ag 3d core lines show the presence of nanometer-sized silver particles in each of the annealed samples,even if these Ag 3d lines appear to be very different from each other. We explain these results as a different interaction of silver with the two glasses matrix,which leads to a different nucleation rate of the Ag clusters.展开更多
The elastic and vibrational properties of a material, bulk or planar waveguide, are studied by BriUouin and Raman spectroscopy to follow the process of nanocrystals growth in glass-ceramics. The nanoparticles cause th...The elastic and vibrational properties of a material, bulk or planar waveguide, are studied by BriUouin and Raman spectroscopy to follow the process of nanocrystals growth in glass-ceramics. The nanoparticles cause the appearance, in the low frequency Raman spectrum, of characteristic peaks, whose position depends on the size of the crystals. At the same time, sharp crystal peaks, due to optical phonons, appear in the Raman spectra, allowing the determination of the nucleated phase, and a frequency shift of the BriUouin peaks is observed.展开更多
We fabricated long-period fiber gratings （LPFGs） using electric arc discharges. We observed that the fiber becomes slightly tapered due to longitudinal tension during the arc： this effect depends on the arc current...We fabricated long-period fiber gratings （LPFGs） using electric arc discharges. We observed that the fiber becomes slightly tapered due to longitudinal tension during the arc： this effect depends on the arc current and time length. We experimentally investigated how these characteristics can influence grating＇s performances, especially in view of employing the LPFG as gain equalizer for an erbium-doped optical amplifier. As expected, we found that the spectral response of the grating depends on the period A, the intensity of the perturbation, the grating length and the type of mode-coupling induced. Since this last parameter cannot be estimated directly from the transmission spectra, we propose a method to determine the modecoupling occurring in the device and to assess the index modulation induced by the electric arcs. This method combines both experimental and simulated data, and can be used to characterize LPFGs made-up by any method.展开更多
The fabrication of photonic crystal heterostructures is important for the applications in the fields of integrated photonic crystal chips and multi-frequency optical Bragg filters or mirrors;here we report on the fabr...The fabrication of photonic crystal heterostructures is important for the applications in the fields of integrated photonic crystal chips and multi-frequency optical Bragg filters or mirrors;here we report on the fabrication and characterization of opal-based photonic crystal heterostructures. These heterostructures are created by using multilayer deposition of silica and polystyrene spheres. In the specific the fabricated structures involved both different lattice constant and dielectric function. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and VIS-NIR transmittance and reflectance spectroscopy are used to characterize the systems. The SEM images show good ordering of the two-layer colloidal crystals constituting the heterostructures. The transmittance and reflectance spectra measured from the (111) plane of the heterostructure show that the composite colloidal photonic crystals have double photonic stop bands that matches the stop bands of the individual photonic crystals. This behaviour can be seen as a superposition of the properties of each individual layer.展开更多
文摘●AIM:To study if one of the two molecules could lead to a lower number of follow up visits and intra-vitreous injection(IVI)with the same efficacy.●METHODS:ELU(or"elected"in French)study is a retrospective study conducted in real life in patients presenting suboptimal response after ranibizumab IVI(phase 1)and secondary switched to aflibercept(phase 2).The number of follow up visits and IVI were compared in both phases.Visual acuity(VA)evolution and"switching"reasons were secondary analyzed.●RESULTS:We retrospectively included data of 33 patients(38 eyes)with age-related macular degeneration(AMD;mean age:77±7.7 y).The number of monthly follow up visits[median(Q1;Q3)]:was significantly lower with aflibercept(phase 2),respectively 1.0(0.81;1.49)visits in phase 1,versus 0.79(0.67;0.86)visits in phase 2.The median number of monthly IVI also significantly decreased in phase 2,respectively 0.67(0.55;0.90)IVI in phase 1,versus 0.55(0.45;0.67)IVI in phase 2.The mean VA evolution(VA final-VA initial)was similar in both phases,(P>0.05).Whatever the reason for"switching"(loss of efficacy,tachyphylaxis,tolerance problems),there was no incidence on VA evolution over the time.●CONCLUSION:Our results show that switching from ranibizumab to aflibercept in"suboptimal"patients significantly reduce the number of follow up visits and IVI,with a comparable efficacy.This decrease in visit number could improve patients’quality of life and reduce surgical risk by reducing the number of injections.
文摘Chicken bone is one of the most frequent foreign bodies (FB) associated with upper esophageal perforation. Upper digestive tract penetrating FB may lead to life threatening complications and requires prompt management. We present the case of a 52-year-old man who sustained an upper esophageal perforation associated with cervical cellulitis and mediastinitis. Following CT-scan evidence of FB penetrating the esophagus, the impacted FB was successfully extracted under rigid esophagoscopy. Direct suture was required to close the esophageal perforation. Cervical and mediastinal drainage were made immediately. Naso- gastric tube decompression, broad-spectrum intravenous antibiotics, and parenteral hyperalimentation were administered for 10 d postoperatively. An esophagogram at d 10 revealed no leak at the repair site, and oral alimentation was successfully reinstituted. Conclusion: Rigid endoscope management of FB esophageal penetration is a simple, safe and effective procedure. Primary esophageal repair with drainage of all affected compartments are necessary to avoid life-threatening complications.
基金This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(31730104,31872247,31870396,32000297,32070450,and 32070453)Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB31020302)+1 种基金key program of Forestry Science Research of Shaanxi(SHLY-2018-07)and Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province in China,2018JC-022,2016JZ009.D.W.D.is supported by a Talents 1000 Fellowship of Shaanxi Province.
文摘In mammal herbivores,fiber digestion usually occurs predominantly in either the foregut or the hindgut.Reports of mechanisms showing synergistic function in both gut regions for the digestion of fiber and other nutrients in wild mammals are rare because it requires integrative study of anatomy,physiology,and gut microbiome.Colobine monkeys(Colobinae)are folivorous,with high-fiber foods fermented primarily in their foreguts.
基金The work has been supported by the MIUR-FIRB RBNE012N3X,MIUR PRIN, PAT FAPVU 2004-2006,GRICES-CNR.
文摘We present the details of the sol-gel processing used to realize inverse silica opal,where the silica was activated with 0.3 mol% of Er3+ ions. The template(direct opal) was obtained assembling polystyrene spheres of the dimensions of 260 nm by means of a vertical deposition technique. The Er3+-activated silica inverse opal was obtained infiltrating,into the void of the template,the silica sol doped with Er3+ ions and subsequently removing the polystyrene spheres by means of calcinations. Scanning electron microscope showed that the inverse opals possess a fcc structure with a air hollows of about 210 nm and a photonic band gap,in the visible range,was observed from reflectance measurements. Spectroscopic properties of Er3+-activated silica inverse opal were investigated by luminescence spectroscopy,where,upon excitation at 514.5 nm,an emission of 4I13/2 → 4I15/2 of Er3+ ions transition with a 21 nm bandwidth was observed. Moreover the 4I13/2 level decay curve presents a single-exponential profile,with a measured lifetime of 18 ms,corresponding a high quantum efficiency of the system.
文摘Aim: To study the prevalence of psychoactive substance use disorder (PSUD) among suicidal adolescents, psychoactive substance intoxication at the moment of the attempt, and the association between PSUD at baseline and either occurrence of suicide or repetition of suicide attempt(s). Methods: 186 adolescents aged 16 to 21 y hospitalized for suicide attempt or overwhelming suicidal ideation were included (TO); 148 of them were traced again for evaluations after 6 mo (T1) and/or 18 mo (T2). DSM-IV diagnoses were assessed each time using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Results: At TO, 39.2%of the subjects were found to have a PSUD. Among them, a significantly higher proportion was intoxicated at the time of the attempt than those without PSUD(44.3%vs 25.4%). Among the 148 adolescents who could be traced at either T1 or T2, two died from suicide and 30 repeated suicide attempts once or more times. A marginally significant association was found between death by suicide/repetition of suicide attempt and alcohol abuse/dependence at baseline (OR 3.3, 95%CI 0.7～15.0; OR 2.6, 95%CI 0.7～9.3). More than one suicide attempt before admission to hospital at T0 (OR 3.2, 95%CI 1.1～10.0) and age over 19 y at T0 (OR 3.2, 95%CI 1.1～9.2) were independently associated with the likelihood of death by suicide or repetition of suicide attempt. Conclusion: Among adolescents hospitalized for suicide attempt or overwhelming suicidal ideation, the risk of death or repetition of attempt is high and is associated with previous suicide attempts-especially among older adolescent sand also marginally associated with PSUD; these adolescents should be carefully evaluated for such risks and followed up once discharged from the hospital.
基金This work was partially supported by MIUR-FIRB (RBNE012N3X-005) and by PAT-FAPVU projects.
文摘The chemical compositions of Ag-Er co-doped phosphate and silicate glasses were investigated with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy with the purpose to identify the chemical state of silver. The analysis of the Ag 3d core lines show the presence of nanometer-sized silver particles in each of the annealed samples,even if these Ag 3d lines appear to be very different from each other. We explain these results as a different interaction of silver with the two glasses matrix,which leads to a different nucleation rate of the Ag clusters.
基金The present work has been funded partly with the financial supportof MIUR-FIRB RBNE012N3X, MIUR PRIN, PAT FAPVU 2004-2006.
文摘The elastic and vibrational properties of a material, bulk or planar waveguide, are studied by BriUouin and Raman spectroscopy to follow the process of nanocrystals growth in glass-ceramics. The nanoparticles cause the appearance, in the low frequency Raman spectrum, of characteristic peaks, whose position depends on the size of the crystals. At the same time, sharp crystal peaks, due to optical phonons, appear in the Raman spectra, allowing the determination of the nucleated phase, and a frequency shift of the BriUouin peaks is observed.
文摘We fabricated long-period fiber gratings （LPFGs） using electric arc discharges. We observed that the fiber becomes slightly tapered due to longitudinal tension during the arc： this effect depends on the arc current and time length. We experimentally investigated how these characteristics can influence grating＇s performances, especially in view of employing the LPFG as gain equalizer for an erbium-doped optical amplifier. As expected, we found that the spectral response of the grating depends on the period A, the intensity of the perturbation, the grating length and the type of mode-coupling induced. Since this last parameter cannot be estimated directly from the transmission spectra, we propose a method to determine the modecoupling occurring in the device and to assess the index modulation induced by the electric arcs. This method combines both experimental and simulated data, and can be used to characterize LPFGs made-up by any method.
文摘The fabrication of photonic crystal heterostructures is important for the applications in the fields of integrated photonic crystal chips and multi-frequency optical Bragg filters or mirrors;here we report on the fabrication and characterization of opal-based photonic crystal heterostructures. These heterostructures are created by using multilayer deposition of silica and polystyrene spheres. In the specific the fabricated structures involved both different lattice constant and dielectric function. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and VIS-NIR transmittance and reflectance spectroscopy are used to characterize the systems. The SEM images show good ordering of the two-layer colloidal crystals constituting the heterostructures. The transmittance and reflectance spectra measured from the (111) plane of the heterostructure show that the composite colloidal photonic crystals have double photonic stop bands that matches the stop bands of the individual photonic crystals. This behaviour can be seen as a superposition of the properties of each individual layer.
