Flowering is essential in any breeding programme, particularly in genetic introgression programmes in which flowering synchronism is required. In this work, 16 sugarcane genotypes were evaluated using three different ...Flowering is essential in any breeding programme, particularly in genetic introgression programmes in which flowering synchronism is required. In this work, 16 sugarcane genotypes were evaluated using three different flowering-inductive photoperiod treatments (30 s, 45 s, and 1 min of a daily photoperiod decrease from 12 h 55 of light). Each genotype was planted in 43 L pots (equal proportion of soil, sand, and substrate) with three tillers per pot. Plants with 4 to 6 internodes were placed in a photoperiod facility with three controlled chambers, each chamber containing all 16 genotypes (one treatment per chamber). The temperature range (21°C to 32°C) and humidity were the same for all of the treatments. The flower induction started in September 2010 and ended in April 2011. The plant elongation and flag leaf and inflorescence emergence were recorded and the pollen viability was evaluated by using the iodine staining method. The photoperiod facility provided suitable conditions for flowering, as the plants in the three treatments successfully flowered. The genotypes in the three treatments behaved differently in relation to the date of panicle emergence, with the treatment of 45 s showing better results. The results here presented contribute to synchronise flowering for desired sugarcane crosses, particularly those from introgression programmes between commercial cultivars and species from the Saccharum complex.展开更多
We evaluated several organic fertilizers associated or not to mineral fertilizers, in the cane yield and theoretical sugarcane brandy in plant cane. The experimental design was randomized blocks, with nine treatments ...We evaluated several organic fertilizers associated or not to mineral fertilizers, in the cane yield and theoretical sugarcane brandy in plant cane. The experimental design was randomized blocks, with nine treatments and four replications, constituted of: TI: Liming ( 1 ) + reactive rock phosphate (2) + chemical fertilizer (3); T2:2 + 3; T3:1 + 3 (control); T4:1 + 2 + 3 + cattle manure (4); T5: 1 + 2 + 4; T6:1 + 2 + 3 + chicken manure (5); T7:1 + 2 + 5; T8:1 + 2 + 3 + cane bagasse (6); T9:1 + 2 + 6. It was applied the fertilizers in the following doses: cattle manure, 30 t hal; chicken manure, 3.5 t hal; cane bagasse, 24 t ha-1; reactive rock phosphate, 400 kg ha-1 and 120 kg ha-1 of K20 and P205, in the planting furrow. The limestone was distributed in the dose of 2.5 t ha-1 The variety was used SP 79-1011. The cattle manure substituted the chemical fertilization of plant cane. The cane bagasse, when used as organic source should always be complemented with the chemical fertilization; there were no effect of treatments in the principal technological characteristics of the cane.展开更多
文摘Flowering is essential in any breeding programme, particularly in genetic introgression programmes in which flowering synchronism is required. In this work, 16 sugarcane genotypes were evaluated using three different flowering-inductive photoperiod treatments (30 s, 45 s, and 1 min of a daily photoperiod decrease from 12 h 55 of light). Each genotype was planted in 43 L pots (equal proportion of soil, sand, and substrate) with three tillers per pot. Plants with 4 to 6 internodes were placed in a photoperiod facility with three controlled chambers, each chamber containing all 16 genotypes (one treatment per chamber). The temperature range (21°C to 32°C) and humidity were the same for all of the treatments. The flower induction started in September 2010 and ended in April 2011. The plant elongation and flag leaf and inflorescence emergence were recorded and the pollen viability was evaluated by using the iodine staining method. The photoperiod facility provided suitable conditions for flowering, as the plants in the three treatments successfully flowered. The genotypes in the three treatments behaved differently in relation to the date of panicle emergence, with the treatment of 45 s showing better results. The results here presented contribute to synchronise flowering for desired sugarcane crosses, particularly those from introgression programmes between commercial cultivars and species from the Saccharum complex.
文摘We evaluated several organic fertilizers associated or not to mineral fertilizers, in the cane yield and theoretical sugarcane brandy in plant cane. The experimental design was randomized blocks, with nine treatments and four replications, constituted of: TI: Liming ( 1 ) + reactive rock phosphate (2) + chemical fertilizer (3); T2:2 + 3; T3:1 + 3 (control); T4:1 + 2 + 3 + cattle manure (4); T5: 1 + 2 + 4; T6:1 + 2 + 3 + chicken manure (5); T7:1 + 2 + 5; T8:1 + 2 + 3 + cane bagasse (6); T9:1 + 2 + 6. It was applied the fertilizers in the following doses: cattle manure, 30 t hal; chicken manure, 3.5 t hal; cane bagasse, 24 t ha-1; reactive rock phosphate, 400 kg ha-1 and 120 kg ha-1 of K20 and P205, in the planting furrow. The limestone was distributed in the dose of 2.5 t ha-1 The variety was used SP 79-1011. The cattle manure substituted the chemical fertilization of plant cane. The cane bagasse, when used as organic source should always be complemented with the chemical fertilization; there were no effect of treatments in the principal technological characteristics of the cane.