目的了解中国流感经济负担研究现状并总结主要结果。方法以流感、流行性感冒、成本、经济、负担、费用、效益、效用和效果,以及influenza、flu、cost、economic、burden、effectiveness、benefit、utility、China和Chinese为关键词,系...目的了解中国流感经济负担研究现状并总结主要结果。方法以流感、流行性感冒、成本、经济、负担、费用、效益、效用和效果,以及influenza、flu、cost、economic、burden、effectiveness、benefit、utility、China和Chinese为关键词,系统检索中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台、Pubmed、Web of science、EconLit和Cochrane Library等数据库中2000—2018年中国流感经济负担的经济学研究相关文献,语种限定为中文和英文,共纳入23篇有效文献,对纳入文献的基本信息、研究指标及方法进行分析,经济相关指标的单位均为元人民币。结果23篇文献主要集中在经济发达、人口较多的地区,6篇文献报道了全年龄组流感确诊病例的总经济负担,其中,4篇报告了门诊病例人均总经济负担,其范围为768.0~999.9元,1篇报告了住院病例的该项指标(9832.0元);1篇文献报告了流感样病例人均门诊总经济负担,为205.1元。1篇文献报告了5岁以下儿童住院病例人均直接医疗费用为6072.0元,而有2篇文献报告了60岁及以上老年人的此项指标,其范围为14250.0~19349.1元。4篇文献报告了城市和农村的流感经济负担,其中1篇显示,城市流感住院患者相关费用占年均收入的比例为31%,而农村为113%。结论中国流感确诊病例平均经济负担高于流感样病例,其中门诊间接费用及住院直接医疗费用差异较大。流感住院病例中60岁及以上年龄组的直接医疗负担较重。农村地区流感导致个人经济负担高于城市地区。展开更多
Starting from December 2019,Wuhan,China,encountered the first outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)(1-2).The epidemic was successfully suppressed by strict containment so that the number of infected people wa...Starting from December 2019,Wuhan,China,encountered the first outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)(1-2).The epidemic was successfully suppressed by strict containment so that the number of infected people was reduced to 0 on April 8,2020(3–4).After that,China experienced roughly 3 dozen outbreaks with local transmission caused by imported severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2).展开更多
AIM: To investigate the protective effect of ischemic preconditioning (IPC) on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with cirrhosis undergoing hepatic resection under hepatic inflow occlusion (HIO) and its possible ...AIM: To investigate the protective effect of ischemic preconditioning (IPC) on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with cirrhosis undergoing hepatic resection under hepatic inflow occlusion (HIO) and its possible mechanism.METHODS: Twenty-nine consecutive patients with resectable OHCC were randomized into two groups: IPC group: before HIO, IPC with 5 min of ischemia and 5 min of reperfusion was given; control group: no IPC was given. Uver functions,hepatic Caspase-3 activity, and apoptotic cells were compared between these two groups.RESULTS: On postoperative days (POD) 1, 3 and 7, the aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) levels in the IPC group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). On POD 3 and 7, the total bilirubin level in the IPC group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). On POD 1, the albumin level in the IPC group was higher than that in the control group (P = 0.053). After 1 h of reperfusion, both hepatic Caspase-3 activity and apoptotic sinusoidal endothelial cells in the IPC group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05).CONCLUSION: IPC has a potential protective effect on HCC patients with cirrhosis. Its protective mechanism underlying the suppression of sinusoidal endothelial cell apoptosis is achieved by inhibiting Caspase-3 activity.展开更多
Sichuan Basin is one of the uppermost petroliferous basins in China. It experienced three evolutionary phases which were marine carbonate platform （Ediacaran to Late Triassic）, Indosinian-Yanshanian orogeny foreland...Sichuan Basin is one of the uppermost petroliferous basins in China. It experienced three evolutionary phases which were marine carbonate platform （Ediacaran to Late Triassic）, Indosinian-Yanshanian orogeny foreland basin （Late Triassic to Late Cretaceous） and uplift and tectonic modification （Late Cretaceous to Quaternary）. The present-day tectonics of the Sichuan Ba- sin and its periphery are characterized by three basic elements which are topography, basement type and surface structure, and two settings （plate margin and interior）. Therefore, be subdivided into five units which have different structure and tectonic history. The basin contains five different sets of source rocks with thickness up to 2 500 m. These source rocks were well preserved due to the presence of Middel-Lower Triassic evaporites （〉-200 m） and thick terrestrial sediments filling in the Indosinian-Yanshanian foreland basin （〉3 000 m）. The uplift and erosion since Late Cretaceous has significant influence on cross-strata migration and accumulation of oil and gas. The multi-phase evolution of the basin and its superimposed tectonic elements, good petroleum geologic conditions and diverse petroleum systems reveal its bright exploration prospects.展开更多
文摘目的了解中国流感经济负担研究现状并总结主要结果。方法以流感、流行性感冒、成本、经济、负担、费用、效益、效用和效果,以及influenza、flu、cost、economic、burden、effectiveness、benefit、utility、China和Chinese为关键词,系统检索中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台、Pubmed、Web of science、EconLit和Cochrane Library等数据库中2000—2018年中国流感经济负担的经济学研究相关文献,语种限定为中文和英文,共纳入23篇有效文献,对纳入文献的基本信息、研究指标及方法进行分析,经济相关指标的单位均为元人民币。结果23篇文献主要集中在经济发达、人口较多的地区,6篇文献报道了全年龄组流感确诊病例的总经济负担,其中,4篇报告了门诊病例人均总经济负担,其范围为768.0~999.9元,1篇报告了住院病例的该项指标(9832.0元);1篇文献报告了流感样病例人均门诊总经济负担,为205.1元。1篇文献报告了5岁以下儿童住院病例人均直接医疗费用为6072.0元,而有2篇文献报告了60岁及以上老年人的此项指标,其范围为14250.0~19349.1元。4篇文献报告了城市和农村的流感经济负担,其中1篇显示,城市流感住院患者相关费用占年均收入的比例为31%,而农村为113%。结论中国流感确诊病例平均经济负担高于流感样病例,其中门诊间接费用及住院直接医疗费用差异较大。流感住院病例中60岁及以上年龄组的直接医疗负担较重。农村地区流感导致个人经济负担高于城市地区。
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation(grant number 71934002)of the People’s Republic of China.
文摘Starting from December 2019,Wuhan,China,encountered the first outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)(1-2).The epidemic was successfully suppressed by strict containment so that the number of infected people was reduced to 0 on April 8,2020(3–4).After that,China experienced roughly 3 dozen outbreaks with local transmission caused by imported severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2).
文摘AIM: To investigate the protective effect of ischemic preconditioning (IPC) on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with cirrhosis undergoing hepatic resection under hepatic inflow occlusion (HIO) and its possible mechanism.METHODS: Twenty-nine consecutive patients with resectable OHCC were randomized into two groups: IPC group: before HIO, IPC with 5 min of ischemia and 5 min of reperfusion was given; control group: no IPC was given. Uver functions,hepatic Caspase-3 activity, and apoptotic cells were compared between these two groups.RESULTS: On postoperative days (POD) 1, 3 and 7, the aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) levels in the IPC group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). On POD 3 and 7, the total bilirubin level in the IPC group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). On POD 1, the albumin level in the IPC group was higher than that in the control group (P = 0.053). After 1 h of reperfusion, both hepatic Caspase-3 activity and apoptotic sinusoidal endothelial cells in the IPC group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05).CONCLUSION: IPC has a potential protective effect on HCC patients with cirrhosis. Its protective mechanism underlying the suppression of sinusoidal endothelial cell apoptosis is achieved by inhibiting Caspase-3 activity.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (No. 2012CB214805)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 41230313, 41402119, 2017JQ0025, 41472017, 41572111)
文摘Sichuan Basin is one of the uppermost petroliferous basins in China. It experienced three evolutionary phases which were marine carbonate platform （Ediacaran to Late Triassic）, Indosinian-Yanshanian orogeny foreland basin （Late Triassic to Late Cretaceous） and uplift and tectonic modification （Late Cretaceous to Quaternary）. The present-day tectonics of the Sichuan Ba- sin and its periphery are characterized by three basic elements which are topography, basement type and surface structure, and two settings （plate margin and interior）. Therefore, be subdivided into five units which have different structure and tectonic history. The basin contains five different sets of source rocks with thickness up to 2 500 m. These source rocks were well preserved due to the presence of Middel-Lower Triassic evaporites （〉-200 m） and thick terrestrial sediments filling in the Indosinian-Yanshanian foreland basin （〉3 000 m）. The uplift and erosion since Late Cretaceous has significant influence on cross-strata migration and accumulation of oil and gas. The multi-phase evolution of the basin and its superimposed tectonic elements, good petroleum geologic conditions and diverse petroleum systems reveal its bright exploration prospects.
