虚拟电厂(virtual power plant,VPP)作为资源聚合的主体,不仅需要参与外部能源市场,还需要对内部资源进行优化管理。区别于其他储能系统,氢储能系统除了能够承担电能的备用补充功能外,还可以参与氢市场。对于虚拟电厂运营商(virtual pow...虚拟电厂(virtual power plant,VPP)作为资源聚合的主体,不仅需要参与外部能源市场,还需要对内部资源进行优化管理。区别于其他储能系统,氢储能系统除了能够承担电能的备用补充功能外,还可以参与氢市场。对于虚拟电厂运营商(virtual power plant operator,VPPO)而言,其既需要对内部资源进行优化调度,又需要根据运行情况和外部市场信息制定电−氢两级市场的竞标策略。考虑到内外双侧互动机制,研究构建了两阶段模型,第一阶段模型在考虑可再生能源、柔性负荷、抽蓄储能以及氢储能系统的内部资源互补特性的基础上进行运行优化;第二阶段模型以电能量市场、辅助服务市场和氢市场总收益最大为目标优化竞标策略。最后,构建典型场景并通过算例分析验证策略的合理性与有效性。展开更多
Phenolics,as the main bioactive compounds in tea,have been suggested to have potential in the prevention of various human diseases.However,little is known about phenolics and their bioactivity in Zhangping Narcissue t...Phenolics,as the main bioactive compounds in tea,have been suggested to have potential in the prevention of various human diseases.However,little is known about phenolics and their bioactivity in Zhangping Narcissue tea cake which is considered the most special kind of oolong tea.To unveil its bioactivity,three phenolic-enriched extracts were obtained from Zhangping Narcissue tea cake using ethyl acetate,n-butanol,and water.Their main chemical compositions and in vitro bioactivity were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)and ultraperformance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS).The ethyl acetate fraction(ZEF)consisted of higher content of phenolics,flavonoids,procyanidins,and catechin monomers(including epigallocatechin gallate(EGCG),epicatechin gallate(ECG),and gallocatechin gallate(GCG))than n-butanol fraction(ZBF)and water fraction(ZWF).ZEF exhibited the strongest antioxidant capacity in vitro due to its abundant bioactive compounds.This was validated by Pearson correlation and hierarchical clustering analyses.ZEF also showed a remarkable inhibition on the growth,migration,and invasion of 4T1 murine breast cancer cells.展开更多
文摘虚拟电厂(virtual power plant,VPP)作为资源聚合的主体,不仅需要参与外部能源市场,还需要对内部资源进行优化管理。区别于其他储能系统,氢储能系统除了能够承担电能的备用补充功能外,还可以参与氢市场。对于虚拟电厂运营商(virtual power plant operator,VPPO)而言,其既需要对内部资源进行优化调度,又需要根据运行情况和外部市场信息制定电−氢两级市场的竞标策略。考虑到内外双侧互动机制,研究构建了两阶段模型,第一阶段模型在考虑可再生能源、柔性负荷、抽蓄储能以及氢储能系统的内部资源互补特性的基础上进行运行优化;第二阶段模型以电能量市场、辅助服务市场和氢市场总收益最大为目标优化竞标策略。最后,构建典型场景并通过算例分析验证策略的合理性与有效性。
基金Project supported by the Science and Technology Department of Guangdong Province,China(No.2016B090918118)
文摘Phenolics,as the main bioactive compounds in tea,have been suggested to have potential in the prevention of various human diseases.However,little is known about phenolics and their bioactivity in Zhangping Narcissue tea cake which is considered the most special kind of oolong tea.To unveil its bioactivity,three phenolic-enriched extracts were obtained from Zhangping Narcissue tea cake using ethyl acetate,n-butanol,and water.Their main chemical compositions and in vitro bioactivity were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)and ultraperformance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS).The ethyl acetate fraction(ZEF)consisted of higher content of phenolics,flavonoids,procyanidins,and catechin monomers(including epigallocatechin gallate(EGCG),epicatechin gallate(ECG),and gallocatechin gallate(GCG))than n-butanol fraction(ZBF)and water fraction(ZWF).ZEF exhibited the strongest antioxidant capacity in vitro due to its abundant bioactive compounds.This was validated by Pearson correlation and hierarchical clustering analyses.ZEF also showed a remarkable inhibition on the growth,migration,and invasion of 4T1 murine breast cancer cells.
