Lepton scattering is an established ideal tool for studying inner structure of small particles such as nucleons as well as nuclei.As a future high energy nuclear physics project,an Electron-ion collider in China(EicC)...Lepton scattering is an established ideal tool for studying inner structure of small particles such as nucleons as well as nuclei.As a future high energy nuclear physics project,an Electron-ion collider in China(EicC)has been proposed.It will be constructed based on an upgraded heavy-ion accelerator,High Intensity heavy-ion Accelerator Facility(HIAF)which is currently under construction,together with a new electron ring.The proposed collider will provide highly polarized electrons(with a po-larization of 80%)and protons(with a polarization of 70%)with variable center of mass energies from 15 to 20 GeV and the luminosity of(2–3)×1033 cm^(−2)·s^(−1).Polarized deuterons and Helium-3,as well as unpolarized ion beams from Carbon to Uranium,will be also available at the EicC.The main foci of the EicC will be precision measurements of the structure of the nucleon in the sea quark region,including 3D tomography of nucleon;the partonic structure of nuclei and the parton interaction with the nuclear environment;the exotic states,especially those with heavy flavor quark contents.In addition,issues fundamental to understanding the origin of mass could be addressed by measurements of heavy quarkonia near-threshold production at the EicC.In order to achieve the above-mentioned physics goals,a hermetical detector system will be constructed with cutting-edge technologies.This document is the result of collective contributions and valuable inputs from experts across the globe.The EicC physics program complements the ongoing scientific programs at the Jefferson Laboratory and the future EIC project in the United States.The success of this project will also advance both nuclear and particle physics as well as accelerator and detector technology in China.展开更多
Enhancing the tunneling magneto-Seebeck(TMS) ratio and uncovering its underlying mechanism are greatly demanded in spin caloritronics.The magnitude and sign of the TMS effect depend on the type of atom and the stackin...Enhancing the tunneling magneto-Seebeck(TMS) ratio and uncovering its underlying mechanism are greatly demanded in spin caloritronics.The magnitude and sign of the TMS effect depend on the type of atom and the stacking order of atoms at the interfaces.Herein,we demonstrate that TMS ratios can be effectively manipulated by altering heterogonous or homogeneous interface through decoration on the CoFeSi(001) surface inserted on the MgO insulating layers.The maximum TMS ratio of pure Co_(2)/O termination is 4565% at 800 K.Notably,the TMS ratio of the FeSi/O termination has two peak values,of which the maximum could reach up to-3290% at 650 K.By comparing two different atom arrangements at the interface,we reveal that the sign and symbol of the TMS ratio can be controlled by the temperature and different atomic configurations at the Co_(2)FeSi/MgO interface.Furthermore,the spin-Seebeck coefficient up to ~150 μV/K is also possible when we select suitable terminations and temperatures.These findings will provide useful insights into how to control the sign and symbol of the TMS ratio and accordingly stimulate the development field of magneto-thermoelectric power and spin caloritronic devices based on the magneto-Seebeck effect in Heusler-based metallic multilayers.展开更多
Based on five different ensembles of newly generated(2+1)-flavor configurations with pion mass of approximately mπ■(140-310)MeV,we present a lattice analysis of hidden-charm and hidden-strange hexaquarks with the qu...Based on five different ensembles of newly generated(2+1)-flavor configurations with pion mass of approximately mπ■(140-310)MeV,we present a lattice analysis of hidden-charm and hidden-strange hexaquarks with the quark content■.The correlation matrices of two types of operators with JPC=0++,0-+,1++and 1--are simulated to extract the masses of the hexaquark candidates,which are subsequently extrapolated to the physical pion mass and continuum limit.The results indicate that ground state masses are below the■threshold and provide a characteristic signal for the experimental discovery of hexaquark candidates,which may enrich the versatile structure of multiquarks;moreover,it is an indispensable step to decipher the nonperturbative nature of the fundamental interactions of quarks and gluons.展开更多
In this study,the antitumor properties and the possible molecular mechanisms of Cyclocarya paliurus polysaccharide(CP)and its phosphorylated derivative(P-CP)on CT-26 mouse colon carcinoma cells were investigated.Resul...In this study,the antitumor properties and the possible molecular mechanisms of Cyclocarya paliurus polysaccharide(CP)and its phosphorylated derivative(P-CP)on CT-26 mouse colon carcinoma cells were investigated.Results found that CP had high inhibition ratio against CT-26 cells.The flow cytometry results found that CP treatment could cause the intracellular acidification,arrest the cell cycle in the S phase and increase reactive oxygen species generation.Additionally,CP treatment triggered mitochondrial membrane potential depolarization and Ca^(2+)overloading,and broke down the balance of antioxidant system,Na^(+)/K^(+)-ATPase and Ca^(2+)-ATPase.Further analysis found CP induced cell apoptosis through improving the activities of caspase-3 and caspase-9,and increasing the level of cytochrome C.Furthermore,the comparative study of antitumor effect on CT-26 cells displayed that the phosphorylation enhanced antitumor activities of polysaccharides.These results suggest CP is a potential natural therapeutic agent for colon cancer and phosphorylation represents an effective method of enhancing the antitumor activity of CP.展开更多
Batch experiments were carried out to investigate the effects the desorption characteristics of atrazine from a sandy loam soil of initial atrazine concentrations and consecutive desorption steps on As initial atrazin...Batch experiments were carried out to investigate the effects the desorption characteristics of atrazine from a sandy loam soil of initial atrazine concentrations and consecutive desorption steps on As initial atrazine concentration increased, the average percentage of atrazine desorption on the sandy loam soil ranged gradually from 23.1% to 38.5% after five consecutive desorption steps. The values of the Freundlich capacity parameter, kdes, derived from the initial concentration and time-dependent desorption isotherm were consistently higher than those associated with sorption. The opposite trend was observed only for the values of nonlinear parameter, rides, from the initial concentration-dependent desorption isotherms. Atrazine hydrolysis to hydroxyatrazine and bound residue formation were mainly responsible for the observed hysteresis in its sorption and desorption isotherms. For the initial concentration-dependent desorption isotherms, as initial atrazine concentration increased, the values of hysteretic coefficients ω and λ decreased, and H values increased. However, the relationships between initial atrazine concentration and hysteretic coefficients were not pronounced for ω, H, or λ. For the time-dependent desorption isotherms, λ, and H values increased as the atrazine desorption step proceeded. The correlation between hysteretic coefficient and desorption step was highly significant for λ （P 〈 0.0001）, but not for H.展开更多
Michelangelo Antonioni is one of the notable Italian movie directors in the 20th century.He put the issue of human survival and the inner world high on his agenda.These concerns were precisely the existentialism in ph...Michelangelo Antonioni is one of the notable Italian movie directors in the 20th century.He put the issue of human survival and the inner world high on his agenda.These concerns were precisely the existentialism in philosophy,which provoked a strong reaction in the world at that time.He relied on his sharp perspective to observe social phenomena and conveyed his thoughts through his movies,thus creating an ideal world characterized by his own thoughts.The existentialism theory he employed also contributed to the development of the film industry,endowing the film with a broader sense of beauty.展开更多
The design of an effective protection system for inverter-based microgrids is a complicated engineering challenge.This is due to the fact that inverters have limited fault current capabilities, and that the convention...The design of an effective protection system for inverter-based microgrids is a complicated engineering challenge.This is due to the fact that inverters have limited fault current capabilities, and that the conventional overcurrent protection is not suitable for inverter-based microgrids. This paper introduces a novel protection method for inverter-based microgrid using a current-only polarity comparison. The proposed method is based on the phase difference between the pre-fault and fault current components. The method responds to faults in both grid-connected and autonomous operation modes and provides a new way to identify faulted sections. Simulations of an inverter-based microgrid with a relay model are conducted using PSCAD/EMTDC software. The results show that the proposed method can detect faults in inverter-based microgrids.展开更多
The resolution of conventional optical microscopy is only -200 nm, which is becoming less and less sufficient for a variety of applications. In order to surpass the diffraction limited resolution, super-resolution mic...The resolution of conventional optical microscopy is only -200 nm, which is becoming less and less sufficient for a variety of applications. In order to surpass the diffraction limited resolution, super-resolution microscopy （SRM） has been developed to achieve a high resolution of one to tens of nanometers. The techniques involved in SRM can be assigned into two broad categories, namely ＂true＂ super-resolution techniques and ＂functional＂ super-resolution techniques. In ＂functional＂ super-resolution techniques, stochastic super-resolution microscopy （SSRM） is widely used due to its low expense, simple operation, and high resolution. The principle process in SSRM is to accumulate the coordinates of many diffraction-limited emitters （e.g., single fluorescent molecules） on the object by localizing the centroids of the point spread functions （PSF）, and then reconstruct the image of the object using these coordinates. When the diffraction-limited emitters take part in a catalytic reaction, the activity distribution and kinetic information about the catalysis by nanoparticles can be obtained by SSRM. SSRM has been applied and exhibited outstanding advantages in several fields of catalysis, such as metal nanoparticle catalysis, molecular sieve catalysis, and photocatalysis. Since SSRM is able to resolve the catalytic activity within one nanoparticle, it promises to accelerate the development and discovery of new and better catalysts. This review will present a brief introduction to SRM, and a detailed description of SSRM and its applications in nano-catalysis.展开更多
Bismuth has drawn widespread attention as a prospective alloying-type anode for sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)and potassium-ion batteries(PIBs)due to its large volumetric capacity.However,such material encounters drastic ...Bismuth has drawn widespread attention as a prospective alloying-type anode for sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)and potassium-ion batteries(PIBs)due to its large volumetric capacity.However,such material encounters drastic particle pulverization and overgrowth of solid-electrolyte interphase(SEI)upon repeated(de)alloying,thus causing poor rate and cycling degradation.Herein,we report a unique structure design with bismuth nanorods confined in hollow N,S-codoped carbon nanotubes(Bi@NS-C)fabricated by a solvothermal method and in-situ thermal reduction.Ex-situ SEM observations confirm that such a design can significantly suppress the size fining of Bi nanorods,thus inhibiting the particle pulverization and repeated SEI growth upon charging/discharging.The as achieved Bi@NS-C demonstrates outstanding rate capability for SIBs(96.5%capacity retention at 30 A g^(-1) vs.1 A g^(-1)),and a record high rate performance for PIBs(399.5 m Ah g^(-1)@20 A g^(-1)).Notably,the as constructed full cell(Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)@C|Bi@NS-C)demonstrates impressive performance with a high energy density of 219.8 W h kg^(-1) and a high-power density of 6443.3 W kg^(-1)(based on the total mass of active materials on both electrodes),outperforming the state-of-the-art literature.展开更多
The lipases from different sources were screened for their ability to catalyze the resolution of 2-octanol in organic solvents with vinyl acetate as the acylating reagent. The medium effect has been studied on the irr...The lipases from different sources were screened for their ability to catalyze the resolution of 2-octanol in organic solvents with vinyl acetate as the acylating reagent. The medium effect has been studied on the irreversible transesterification with varying water activity(a_w). The influence of vinyl acetate concentration on it has also been investigated. Under the optimal conditions, the enantiomeric ratio(E value) of pseudomonas fluorescence lipase(PFL) exceeded 200 with an enantiomeric excess(e.e.) of S-2-octanol above 99% at a 51% degree of conversion.展开更多
Objective:To explore the clinical therapeutic effect of Qianggan Capsule(QGC)in treating chronic hepatitis B with liver fibrosis from the pathological aspect.Methods:Sixty three patients of chronic hepatitis B with li...Objective:To explore the clinical therapeutic effect of Qianggan Capsule(QGC)in treating chronic hepatitis B with liver fibrosis from the pathological aspect.Methods:Sixty three patients of chronic hepatitis B with liver fibrosis were randomly divided into the treated group(n=45)and the control group(n=18).Both groups were treated with general liver protective drugs,such as Glucurone and vitamins B complex for 6 months.To the treated group,QGC was used additionally.The levels of serum alanine transaminase and liver fibrosis indexes including hyaluronic acid(HA),collagen typeⅣ(CⅣ)and laminin(LN)as well as the pathological examination of liver biopsy were observed before and after treatment.Results:The liver cirrhosis indexes,HA,CⅣand LN,were improved significantly in the treated group after treatment,P<0.05.The liver function improvement rate in the treated group and the control group was 90.3%and 66.7%respectively,comparison of the two groups showed insignificant difference,P>0.05.Pathological examination showed that the effective rate of treatment on liver inflammatory necrosis activity grade in the treated group was 57.8%and that on liver fibrosis stage was 75.6%,which were significantly improved as compared with those before treatment(P<0.05 and P<0.01),while in the control group,no significant improvement was found after treatment(P>0.05).Conclusion:QGC has marked effects in reversing liver fibrosis and alleviating hepatic inflammatory necrosis in patients of chronic hepatitis B with liver fibrosis,and could lower the serum liver fibrosis related indexes effectively.展开更多
Many ecosystems extend across national or political boundaries. The consistent and effective protection of these ecosystems in transboundary areas(ETAs) is an important global research focus. Previous research on the ...Many ecosystems extend across national or political boundaries. The consistent and effective protection of these ecosystems in transboundary areas(ETAs) is an important global research focus. Previous research on the protection of such areas can be categorized into seven themes: 1) ecological conservation of a single ETA; 2) investigation of the effects of a single conservation measure on a specific ETA; 3) determination of species-level effects due to ETA conservation; 4) comparison of the same protection measures between different ETAs; 5) introduction of a single conservation measure to a specific ETA; 6) understanding the relationship between conservation and sustainable development; and 7) generalization across multiple ETA conservation cases. The protection of ETAs involves various considerations, including funding support, demand and will for collaboration, community and public participation, historical and cultural factors, political backgrounds, uniqueness of biological resources, formulation of laws and regulations, founding of specialized administrative departments, non-governmental organizations, and fairness. Here, we briefly explain the research themes and considerations related to ETA conservation. The most important finding is that most major research themes do not focus on the challenges of ETA conservation. We use two nature reserves located between China and North Korea as examples to identify specific ways to improve ETA conservation on Changbai Mountains. The efficiency of ETA administration still remains low. The study of ETA conservation should focus on concrete regional information and aim to improve existing measures through the accumulation of experience.展开更多
The antigenic variation of influenza A virus hemagglutinin (HA) glycoproteins requires frequent changes in vaccine formulation. The new strategy of creating influenza seed strains for vaccine production is to generate...The antigenic variation of influenza A virus hemagglutinin (HA) glycoproteins requires frequent changes in vaccine formulation. The new strategy of creating influenza seed strains for vaccine production is to generate 7 + 1 reassortants that contain seven genes from a high-yield virus A/Puerto Rico/8/34[A/PR/8/34](H1N1) and the HA gene from the circulating strains. By using this DNA-based cotransfection technique, we generated 7 + 1 reassortants rgH3N1 which had the antigenic determinants of influenza virus A/Songbird/HongKong/102/00[SB/HK/01](H3N8) and 7 other genes from A/PR/ 8/34. The hemagglutinin of A/Songbird/HongKong/102/00 is 96.3% homologous to that of A/Equine/Jilin/98[Eq/Jl/89] (H3N8). The resulting virus rgH3N1 grows to high HA titers in chicken embryonated eggs, allowing vaccine preparation in unconcentrated allantoic fluid. The rgH3N1 is stable after multiple passages in embryonated eggs. The reassortant rgH3N1 virus could be used as vaccine candidate to reduce the reemergence of equine influenza outbreaks.展开更多
文摘Lepton scattering is an established ideal tool for studying inner structure of small particles such as nucleons as well as nuclei.As a future high energy nuclear physics project,an Electron-ion collider in China(EicC)has been proposed.It will be constructed based on an upgraded heavy-ion accelerator,High Intensity heavy-ion Accelerator Facility(HIAF)which is currently under construction,together with a new electron ring.The proposed collider will provide highly polarized electrons(with a po-larization of 80%)and protons(with a polarization of 70%)with variable center of mass energies from 15 to 20 GeV and the luminosity of(2–3)×1033 cm^(−2)·s^(−1).Polarized deuterons and Helium-3,as well as unpolarized ion beams from Carbon to Uranium,will be also available at the EicC.The main foci of the EicC will be precision measurements of the structure of the nucleon in the sea quark region,including 3D tomography of nucleon;the partonic structure of nuclei and the parton interaction with the nuclear environment;the exotic states,especially those with heavy flavor quark contents.In addition,issues fundamental to understanding the origin of mass could be addressed by measurements of heavy quarkonia near-threshold production at the EicC.In order to achieve the above-mentioned physics goals,a hermetical detector system will be constructed with cutting-edge technologies.This document is the result of collective contributions and valuable inputs from experts across the globe.The EicC physics program complements the ongoing scientific programs at the Jefferson Laboratory and the future EIC project in the United States.The success of this project will also advance both nuclear and particle physics as well as accelerator and detector technology in China.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 12104458)Foshan (Southern China) Institute for New Materials (Grant No. 2021AYF25021)。
文摘Enhancing the tunneling magneto-Seebeck(TMS) ratio and uncovering its underlying mechanism are greatly demanded in spin caloritronics.The magnitude and sign of the TMS effect depend on the type of atom and the stacking order of atoms at the interfaces.Herein,we demonstrate that TMS ratios can be effectively manipulated by altering heterogonous or homogeneous interface through decoration on the CoFeSi(001) surface inserted on the MgO insulating layers.The maximum TMS ratio of pure Co_(2)/O termination is 4565% at 800 K.Notably,the TMS ratio of the FeSi/O termination has two peak values,of which the maximum could reach up to-3290% at 650 K.By comparing two different atom arrangements at the interface,we reveal that the sign and symbol of the TMS ratio can be controlled by the temperature and different atomic configurations at the Co_(2)FeSi/MgO interface.Furthermore,the spin-Seebeck coefficient up to ~150 μV/K is also possible when we select suitable terminations and temperatures.These findings will provide useful insights into how to control the sign and symbol of the TMS ratio and accordingly stimulate the development field of magneto-thermoelectric power and spin caloritronic devices based on the magneto-Seebeck effect in Heusler-based metallic multilayers.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11735010,11975127,11911530088,U2032102,12005130,12125503,and 12335003)supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(Grant No.15DZ2272100)+2 种基金supported by Jiangsu Specially Appointed Professor Programsupported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant Nos.XDB34030303,and XDPB15)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)and Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft(DFG)joint grant(Grant No.12061131006)。
文摘Based on five different ensembles of newly generated(2+1)-flavor configurations with pion mass of approximately mπ■(140-310)MeV,we present a lattice analysis of hidden-charm and hidden-strange hexaquarks with the quark content■.The correlation matrices of two types of operators with JPC=0++,0-+,1++and 1--are simulated to extract the masses of the hexaquark candidates,which are subsequently extrapolated to the physical pion mass and continuum limit.The results indicate that ground state masses are below the■threshold and provide a characteristic signal for the experimental discovery of hexaquark candidates,which may enrich the versatile structure of multiquarks;moreover,it is an indispensable step to decipher the nonperturbative nature of the fundamental interactions of quarks and gluons.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (82060594)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi province,China (20202BAB205006)The National Youth Talent Support Program of China。
文摘In this study,the antitumor properties and the possible molecular mechanisms of Cyclocarya paliurus polysaccharide(CP)and its phosphorylated derivative(P-CP)on CT-26 mouse colon carcinoma cells were investigated.Results found that CP had high inhibition ratio against CT-26 cells.The flow cytometry results found that CP treatment could cause the intracellular acidification,arrest the cell cycle in the S phase and increase reactive oxygen species generation.Additionally,CP treatment triggered mitochondrial membrane potential depolarization and Ca^(2+)overloading,and broke down the balance of antioxidant system,Na^(+)/K^(+)-ATPase and Ca^(2+)-ATPase.Further analysis found CP induced cell apoptosis through improving the activities of caspase-3 and caspase-9,and increasing the level of cytochrome C.Furthermore,the comparative study of antitumor effect on CT-26 cells displayed that the phosphorylation enhanced antitumor activities of polysaccharides.These results suggest CP is a potential natural therapeutic agent for colon cancer and phosphorylation represents an effective method of enhancing the antitumor activity of CP.
基金supported by the Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology,Chinese Academy of Sciences(No. NIGLAS2010KXJ01)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No. 40901252)the National Water Pollution Control and Remediation Key Endowment(No.2008ZX07101-012)
文摘Batch experiments were carried out to investigate the effects the desorption characteristics of atrazine from a sandy loam soil of initial atrazine concentrations and consecutive desorption steps on As initial atrazine concentration increased, the average percentage of atrazine desorption on the sandy loam soil ranged gradually from 23.1% to 38.5% after five consecutive desorption steps. The values of the Freundlich capacity parameter, kdes, derived from the initial concentration and time-dependent desorption isotherm were consistently higher than those associated with sorption. The opposite trend was observed only for the values of nonlinear parameter, rides, from the initial concentration-dependent desorption isotherms. Atrazine hydrolysis to hydroxyatrazine and bound residue formation were mainly responsible for the observed hysteresis in its sorption and desorption isotherms. For the initial concentration-dependent desorption isotherms, as initial atrazine concentration increased, the values of hysteretic coefficients ω and λ decreased, and H values increased. However, the relationships between initial atrazine concentration and hysteretic coefficients were not pronounced for ω, H, or λ. For the time-dependent desorption isotherms, λ, and H values increased as the atrazine desorption step proceeded. The correlation between hysteretic coefficient and desorption step was highly significant for λ （P 〈 0.0001）, but not for H.
文摘Michelangelo Antonioni is one of the notable Italian movie directors in the 20th century.He put the issue of human survival and the inner world high on his agenda.These concerns were precisely the existentialism in philosophy,which provoked a strong reaction in the world at that time.He relied on his sharp perspective to observe social phenomena and conveyed his thoughts through his movies,thus creating an ideal world characterized by his own thoughts.The existentialism theory he employed also contributed to the development of the film industry,endowing the film with a broader sense of beauty.
基金supported by the China National Key Research and Development Program (No.2017YFB0902802)the Science and Technology Project of State Grid Corporation of China (No.52094017003D)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No.2017M620777)。
文摘The design of an effective protection system for inverter-based microgrids is a complicated engineering challenge.This is due to the fact that inverters have limited fault current capabilities, and that the conventional overcurrent protection is not suitable for inverter-based microgrids. This paper introduces a novel protection method for inverter-based microgrid using a current-only polarity comparison. The proposed method is based on the phase difference between the pre-fault and fault current components. The method responds to faults in both grid-connected and autonomous operation modes and provides a new way to identify faulted sections. Simulations of an inverter-based microgrid with a relay model are conducted using PSCAD/EMTDC software. The results show that the proposed method can detect faults in inverter-based microgrids.
文摘The resolution of conventional optical microscopy is only -200 nm, which is becoming less and less sufficient for a variety of applications. In order to surpass the diffraction limited resolution, super-resolution microscopy （SRM） has been developed to achieve a high resolution of one to tens of nanometers. The techniques involved in SRM can be assigned into two broad categories, namely ＂true＂ super-resolution techniques and ＂functional＂ super-resolution techniques. In ＂functional＂ super-resolution techniques, stochastic super-resolution microscopy （SSRM） is widely used due to its low expense, simple operation, and high resolution. The principle process in SSRM is to accumulate the coordinates of many diffraction-limited emitters （e.g., single fluorescent molecules） on the object by localizing the centroids of the point spread functions （PSF）, and then reconstruct the image of the object using these coordinates. When the diffraction-limited emitters take part in a catalytic reaction, the activity distribution and kinetic information about the catalysis by nanoparticles can be obtained by SSRM. SSRM has been applied and exhibited outstanding advantages in several fields of catalysis, such as metal nanoparticle catalysis, molecular sieve catalysis, and photocatalysis. Since SSRM is able to resolve the catalytic activity within one nanoparticle, it promises to accelerate the development and discovery of new and better catalysts. This review will present a brief introduction to SRM, and a detailed description of SSRM and its applications in nano-catalysis.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22179077,51774251)the Shanghai Science and Technology Commission’s"2020 Science and Technology Innovation Action Plan"(20511104003)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation in Shanghai(21ZR1424200)the Hebei Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars(B2017203313)the Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars(CG2014003002)。
文摘Bismuth has drawn widespread attention as a prospective alloying-type anode for sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)and potassium-ion batteries(PIBs)due to its large volumetric capacity.However,such material encounters drastic particle pulverization and overgrowth of solid-electrolyte interphase(SEI)upon repeated(de)alloying,thus causing poor rate and cycling degradation.Herein,we report a unique structure design with bismuth nanorods confined in hollow N,S-codoped carbon nanotubes(Bi@NS-C)fabricated by a solvothermal method and in-situ thermal reduction.Ex-situ SEM observations confirm that such a design can significantly suppress the size fining of Bi nanorods,thus inhibiting the particle pulverization and repeated SEI growth upon charging/discharging.The as achieved Bi@NS-C demonstrates outstanding rate capability for SIBs(96.5%capacity retention at 30 A g^(-1) vs.1 A g^(-1)),and a record high rate performance for PIBs(399.5 m Ah g^(-1)@20 A g^(-1)).Notably,the as constructed full cell(Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)@C|Bi@NS-C)demonstrates impressive performance with a high energy density of 219.8 W h kg^(-1) and a high-power density of 6443.3 W kg^(-1)(based on the total mass of active materials on both electrodes),outperforming the state-of-the-art literature.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.2 0 0 72 0 11and2 0 2 72 0 17)
文摘The lipases from different sources were screened for their ability to catalyze the resolution of 2-octanol in organic solvents with vinyl acetate as the acylating reagent. The medium effect has been studied on the irreversible transesterification with varying water activity(a_w). The influence of vinyl acetate concentration on it has also been investigated. Under the optimal conditions, the enantiomeric ratio(E value) of pseudomonas fluorescence lipase(PFL) exceeded 200 with an enantiomeric excess(e.e.) of S-2-octanol above 99% at a 51% degree of conversion.
基金Item of the key program of Science and Technique of Zhanjiang City(No.200068)
文摘Objective:To explore the clinical therapeutic effect of Qianggan Capsule(QGC)in treating chronic hepatitis B with liver fibrosis from the pathological aspect.Methods:Sixty three patients of chronic hepatitis B with liver fibrosis were randomly divided into the treated group(n=45)and the control group(n=18).Both groups were treated with general liver protective drugs,such as Glucurone and vitamins B complex for 6 months.To the treated group,QGC was used additionally.The levels of serum alanine transaminase and liver fibrosis indexes including hyaluronic acid(HA),collagen typeⅣ(CⅣ)and laminin(LN)as well as the pathological examination of liver biopsy were observed before and after treatment.Results:The liver cirrhosis indexes,HA,CⅣand LN,were improved significantly in the treated group after treatment,P<0.05.The liver function improvement rate in the treated group and the control group was 90.3%and 66.7%respectively,comparison of the two groups showed insignificant difference,P>0.05.Pathological examination showed that the effective rate of treatment on liver inflammatory necrosis activity grade in the treated group was 57.8%and that on liver fibrosis stage was 75.6%,which were significantly improved as compared with those before treatment(P<0.05 and P<0.01),while in the control group,no significant improvement was found after treatment(P>0.05).Conclusion:QGC has marked effects in reversing liver fibrosis and alleviating hepatic inflammatory necrosis in patients of chronic hepatitis B with liver fibrosis,and could lower the serum liver fibrosis related indexes effectively.
基金National Science and Technology Support Program(No.2012BAC10B01)Sci-technology Project of Yunnan Province(No.2012CA013)
文摘Many ecosystems extend across national or political boundaries. The consistent and effective protection of these ecosystems in transboundary areas(ETAs) is an important global research focus. Previous research on the protection of such areas can be categorized into seven themes: 1) ecological conservation of a single ETA; 2) investigation of the effects of a single conservation measure on a specific ETA; 3) determination of species-level effects due to ETA conservation; 4) comparison of the same protection measures between different ETAs; 5) introduction of a single conservation measure to a specific ETA; 6) understanding the relationship between conservation and sustainable development; and 7) generalization across multiple ETA conservation cases. The protection of ETAs involves various considerations, including funding support, demand and will for collaboration, community and public participation, historical and cultural factors, political backgrounds, uniqueness of biological resources, formulation of laws and regulations, founding of specialized administrative departments, non-governmental organizations, and fairness. Here, we briefly explain the research themes and considerations related to ETA conservation. The most important finding is that most major research themes do not focus on the challenges of ETA conservation. We use two nature reserves located between China and North Korea as examples to identify specific ways to improve ETA conservation on Changbai Mountains. The efficiency of ETA administration still remains low. The study of ETA conservation should focus on concrete regional information and aim to improve existing measures through the accumulation of experience.
文摘The antigenic variation of influenza A virus hemagglutinin (HA) glycoproteins requires frequent changes in vaccine formulation. The new strategy of creating influenza seed strains for vaccine production is to generate 7 + 1 reassortants that contain seven genes from a high-yield virus A/Puerto Rico/8/34[A/PR/8/34](H1N1) and the HA gene from the circulating strains. By using this DNA-based cotransfection technique, we generated 7 + 1 reassortants rgH3N1 which had the antigenic determinants of influenza virus A/Songbird/HongKong/102/00[SB/HK/01](H3N8) and 7 other genes from A/PR/ 8/34. The hemagglutinin of A/Songbird/HongKong/102/00 is 96.3% homologous to that of A/Equine/Jilin/98[Eq/Jl/89] (H3N8). The resulting virus rgH3N1 grows to high HA titers in chicken embryonated eggs, allowing vaccine preparation in unconcentrated allantoic fluid. The rgH3N1 is stable after multiple passages in embryonated eggs. The reassortant rgH3N1 virus could be used as vaccine candidate to reduce the reemergence of equine influenza outbreaks.
