We extend two adaptive step-size methods for solving two-dimensional or multi-dimensional generalized nonlinear Schr ¨odinger equation(GNLSE): one is the conservation quantity error adaptive step-control method(R...We extend two adaptive step-size methods for solving two-dimensional or multi-dimensional generalized nonlinear Schr ¨odinger equation(GNLSE): one is the conservation quantity error adaptive step-control method(RK4IP-CQE), and the other is the local error adaptive step-control method(RK4IP-LEM). The methods are developed in the vector form of fourthorder Runge–Kutta iterative scheme in the interaction picture by converting a vector equation in frequency domain. By simulating the supercontinuum generated from the high birefringence photonic crystal fiber, the calculation accuracies and the efficiencies of the two adaptive step-size methods are discussed. The simulation results show that the two methods have the same global average error, while RK4IP-LEM spends more time than RK4IP-CQE. The decrease of huge calculation time is due to the differences in the convergences of the relative photon number error and the approximated local error between these two adaptive step-size algorithms.展开更多
AIM: To evaluate the prognostic factors of hilar cholangiocarcinoma in a large series of patients in a single institution.METHODS: Eight hundred and fourteen patients with a diagnosis of hilar cholangiocarcinoma that ...AIM: To evaluate the prognostic factors of hilar cholangiocarcinoma in a large series of patients in a single institution.METHODS: Eight hundred and fourteen patients with a diagnosis of hilar cholangiocarcinoma that were evaluated and treated between 1990 and 2014, of which 381 patients underwent curative surgery, were included in this study. Potential factors associated with overall survival(OS) and disease-free survival(DFS) were evaluated by univariate and multivariate analyses.RESULTS: Curative surgery provided the best long-term survival with a median OS of 26.3 mo. The median DFS was 18.1 mo. Multivariate analysis showed that patients with tumor size > 3 cm [hazard ratio(HR) = 1.482, 95%CI: 1.127-1.949; P = 0.005], positive nodal disease(HR = 1.701, 95%CI: 1.346-2.149; P < 0.001), poor differentiation(HR = 2.535, 95%CI: 1.839-3.493; P < 0.001), vascular invasion(HR = 1.542, 95%CI: 1.082-2.197; P = 0.017), and positive margins(HR = 1.798, 95%CI: 1.314-2.461; P < 0.001) had poor OS outcome. The independent factors for DFS were positive nodal disease(HR = 3.383, 95%CI: 2.633-4.348; P < 0.001), poor differentiation(HR = 2.774, 95%CI: 2.012-3.823; P < 0.001), vascular invasion(HR = 2.136, 95%CI: 1.658-3.236; P < 0.001), and positive margins(HR = 1.835, 95%CI: 1.256-2.679; P < 0.001). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that caudate lobectomy [odds ratio(OR) = 9.771, 95%CI: 4.672-20.433; P < 0.001], tumor diameter(OR = 3.772, 95%CI: 1.914-7.434; P < 0.001), surgical procedures(OR = 10.236, 95%CI: 4.738-22.116; P < 0.001), American Joint Committee On Cancer T stage(OR = 2.010, 95%CI: 1.043-3.870; P = 0.037), and vascular invasion(OR = 2.278, 95%CI: 0.997-5.207; P = 0.051) were independently associated with tumorfree margin, and surgical procedures could indirectly affect survival outcome by influencing the tumor resection margin. CONCLUSION: Tumor margin, tumor differentiation, vascular invasion, and lymph node status were independent factors for OS and DFS. Surgical procedures can indirectly affect surv展开更多
Salvianolic acid A （SAA） is a water-soluble component from the root of Salvia Miltiorrhiza Bge, a traditional Chinese medicine, which has been used for the treatment of cerebrovascular diseases for centuries. The pr...Salvianolic acid A （SAA） is a water-soluble component from the root of Salvia Miltiorrhiza Bge, a traditional Chinese medicine, which has been used for the treatment of cerebrovascular diseases for centuries. The present study aimed to determine the brain protective effects of SAA against cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury in rats, and to figure out whether SAA could protect the blood brain barrier （BBB） through matrix metallopeptidase 9 （MMP-9） inhibition. A focal cerebral ischemia reperfusion model was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion （MCAO） for 1.5-h followed by 24-h reperfusion. SAA was administered intravenously at doses of 5, 10, and 20 mg.kg-l. SAA significantly reduced the infarct volumes and neurological deficit scores. Immunohistochemical analyses showed that SAA treatments could also improve the morphology of neurons in hippocampus CA1 and CA3 regions and increase the number of neurons. Western blotting analyses showed that SAA downregulated the levels of MMP-9 and upregulated the levels of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 （TIMP-1） to attenuate BBB injury. SAA treatment significantly prevented MMP-9-induced degradation of ZO-1, claudin-5 and occludin proteins. SAA also prevented cerebral NF-κB p65 activation and reduced inflammation response. Our results suggested that SAA could be a promising agent to attenuate cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury through MMP-9 inhibition and anti-inflammation activities.展开更多
Background This study aimed at assessing the effect of noninvasive limb preconditioning on myocardial infarct size, and determining whether nitric oxide and neurogenic pathway play an important role in the mechanism o...Background This study aimed at assessing the effect of noninvasive limb preconditioning on myocardial infarct size, and determining whether nitric oxide and neurogenic pathway play an important role in the mechanism of acute remote ischemic preconditioning （IPC）.Methods Forty Wistar rats were randomly divided into four experimental groups. In Group I , the rats underwent 30-minute occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery, and 120-minute reperfusion. In Group PL, the rats underwent four cycles of 5-minute occlusion and reperfusion of both hind limbs using a tourniquet before the experiment was continued as in Group I. In Group PL-N and Group PL-,, we administered L-nitro-arginine methyl ester （L-NAME） 10 mg/kg or hexamethonium chloride 20 mg,/kg intravenously, 10 minutes before IPC. Infarct size as a percentage of the area at risk was determined by triphenyhetrazolium chloride staining.Results There were no statistically significant differences in mean arterial pressure and heart rate among these groups at any time point during the experiment （ P〉0. 05 ）. The myocardial infarct size （IS） was decreased significantly in Group PL and Group PL-U compared with Group I , and the IS/AAR was 34. 5%± 7.6%, 35.9%±8.6% and58.5%±8.5%, respectively （P〈0.05）. The IS/AAR was 49.1%±6.5% in Group PEN, and there was no significant difference compared with Group I （P〉0. 05 ）.Conclusions Noninvasive limb IPC is effective in protecting the myocardium from ischemia reperfusion injury. Nitric oxide plays an important role in the mechanism of acute remote IPC, in which the neurogenic pathway is not involved.展开更多
With tunable local electronic environment,high mass density of MN4sites,and ease of preparation,metal-organic conjugated coordinative polymer(CCP) with inherent electronic conductivity provides a promising alternative...With tunable local electronic environment,high mass density of MN4sites,and ease of preparation,metal-organic conjugated coordinative polymer(CCP) with inherent electronic conductivity provides a promising alternative to the well-known M-N-C electrocatalysts.Herein,the coordination reaction between Cu^(2+)and 1,2,4,5-tetraaminobenzene(TAB) was conducted on the surface of metallic Cu nanowires,forming a thin layer of CuN4-based CCP(Cu-TAB) on the Cu nanowire.More importantly,interfacial transfer of electrons from Cu core to the CuN4-based CCP nanoshell was observed within the resulting CuTAB@Cu,which was found to enrich the local electronic density of the CuN4sites.As such,the CuTAB@Cu demonstrates much improved affinity to the*COOH intermediate formed from the rate determining step;the energy barrier for C-C coupling,which is critical to convert CO_(2)into C2products,is also decreased.Accordingly,it delivers a current density of-9.1 mA cm^(-2)at a potential as high as 0.558 V(vs.RHE) in H-type cell and a Faraday efficiency of 46.4% for ethanol.This work emphasizes the profound role of interfacial interaction in tuning the local electronic structure and activating the CuN4-based CCPs for efficient electroreduction of CO_(2).展开更多
Sulfonated poly（4-vinylpyridine） heteropolyacid salts acted as a heterogeneous catalyst to effectively catalyze the one-pot synthesis of β-amino carbonyl compounds via the Mannich reaction between aromatic aldehyde...Sulfonated poly（4-vinylpyridine） heteropolyacid salts acted as a heterogeneous catalyst to effectively catalyze the one-pot synthesis of β-amino carbonyl compounds via the Mannich reaction between aromatic aldehydes, aromatic ketone, and aromatic amines. In addition, the catalyst could be easily recovered by the filtration and reused six times without significant loss of catalytic activity.展开更多
The performances of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)are dependent on the wettability and stability of porous separators.Musselinspired coatings seem to be useful to improve the surface wettability of commercialized polyole...The performances of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)are dependent on the wettability and stability of porous separators.Musselinspired coatings seem to be useful to improve the surface wettability of commercialized polyolefin separators.However,it is still a challenge to guarantee their stability under polar electrolytes.Herein,we report a facile and versatile way to enhance the wettability and stability of polypropylene separators by constructing robust polydopamine(PDA)coatings triggered with CuSO4/H2O2.These coatings were conveniently deposited on the polypropylene separator surfaces and the PDA-coated separators exhibited the improved surface wettability and thermal stability.The electrolyte uptake increased nearly two folds from the pristine separator to the modified ones.Correspondingly,the ionic conductivity also rose from 0.82 mS·cm^-1 to 1.30 mS·cm^-1.Most importantly,the CuSO4/H2O2-triggered PDA coatings were very stable under strong polar electrolytes,endowing the cells with excellent cycle performance and enhanced C-rate capacity.Overall,the results unequivocally demonstrate that application of PDA coatings on polyolefin separator triggered by CuSO4/H2O2 is a facile and efficient method for improving the wettability and stability of separators for high LIBs performance.展开更多
In-situ LA-ICP-MS and S isotopes of pyrite from the Baoshan Cu polymetallic deposit were conducted to investigate the ore-forming process and the enrichment mechanism of elements.Three generations of pyrite (Py Ⅰ,Py ...In-situ LA-ICP-MS and S isotopes of pyrite from the Baoshan Cu polymetallic deposit were conducted to investigate the ore-forming process and the enrichment mechanism of elements.Three generations of pyrite (Py Ⅰ,Py Ⅱ,and Py Ⅲ) in the skarn-type ores and pyrite in the carbonate-hosted sulfide ores from central,western,and northern(C_Py,W_Py,and N_Py) mining districts are selected for comparison.Compared with Py Ⅰ and Py Ⅲ,the contents of most elements in Py Ⅱ are apparently higher.The As and Se contents are high within a wide range and are decoupled in the growth band of the C_Py.The highest As,Se,and Pb contents were found in W_Py and N_Py.These results indicate the drastic changes in the temperature and fluid mixing during the mineralization.The occurrence of fluctuation and change in temperature and f(O_(2)) was triggered by intermittent pulses of magmatic-hydrothermal fluids,mixing with meteoric water,and water-rock interactions.The sulfur isotopes of all species of pyrite indicated the magmatic source.The change in the f(O_(2)) conditions caused slight differences in the sulfur isotope compositions.Consequently,a metallogenic model was proposed to explain the ore-forming processes.展开更多
Background: The survival benefits of additional resection of the positive proximal ductal margin (PM) in hilar cholangiocarcinoma (HCCA) remains controversial. This retrospective study investigated the effectiveness o...Background: The survival benefits of additional resection of the positive proximal ductal margin (PM) in hilar cholangiocarcinoma (HCCA) remains controversial. This retrospective study investigated the effectiveness of additional resection of the invasive cancer PM under different levels of preoperative carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9). Methods: Patients who underwent hepatectomy for HCCA from 2000 to 2017 were analyzed. Surgical variables, resection margin status, length of the PM (LPM), prognostic factors, and survival were evaluated. Results: A total of 228 patients were enrolled: 175 PM(?) without additional resection patients (group A), 21 PM(?) after additional resection (group B), 16 PM(+) without additional resection (group C), and 16 PM(+) after additional resection (group D). The median survival of group B (20.99 months) was similar to that of group A (23.00 months;P=0.16), and both were significantly better than those of group C (11.60 months) and D (9.50 months), especially when preoperative CA19-9>150 U/mL (P<0.05). The survival of patients with an LPM >10 mm was significantly better compared with those with an LPM ≤10 mm, especially when preoperative CA19-9 was >150 U/mL (P<0.05). Only in the LPM >10 mm group, the survival of group B was comparable with that of group A (P>0.05). Conclusions: HCCA patients could get a survival benefit from a negative PM resulting from additional resection. Survival could be comparable with that of negative PM without additional resection among HCCA patients. An LPM >10 mm is possibly more associated with better survival compared with whether additional resection of the positive PM is performed under different levels of preoperative CA19-9.展开更多
In the casting process,in order to compensate for the solidification shrinkage to obtain higher dimensional accuracy of the casting,it is often necessary to modify the original design of castings,and a suitable compen...In the casting process,in order to compensate for the solidification shrinkage to obtain higher dimensional accuracy of the casting,it is often necessary to modify the original design of castings,and a suitable compensation method has a decisive impact on the dimensional accuracy of the actual casting.In this study,based on solidification simulation,a design method of reverse deformation is proposed,and two compensation methods,empirical compensation and direct reverse deformation,are implemented.The simulation results show that the empirical compensation method has problems such as difficulty in determining the parameters and satisfaction of both the overall and local accuracy at the same time;while based on the simulation results for each node of the casting,the direct reverse deformation design achieves the design with shape.In addition,the casting model can be optimized through iterative revisions,so that higher dimensional accuracy can be continuously obtained in the subsequent design process.Therefore,the direct reverse deformation design is more accurate and reasonable compared to empirical compensation method.展开更多
The effects of tempering holding time at 700℃on the morphology,mechanical properties,and behavior of nanoparticles in Ti-Mo ferritic steel with different Mo contents were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy a...The effects of tempering holding time at 700℃on the morphology,mechanical properties,and behavior of nanoparticles in Ti-Mo ferritic steel with different Mo contents were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy.The equilibrium solid solution amounts of Mo,Ti,and C in ferritic steel at various temperatures were calculated,and changes in the sizes of nanoparticles over time at different Mo contents were analyzed.The experimental results and theoretical calculations were in good agreement with each other and showed that the size of nanoparticles in middle Mo content nano-ferrite(MNF)steel changed the least during aging.High Mo contents inhibited the maturation and growth of nanoparticles,but no obvious inhibitory effect was observed when the Mo content exceeded 0.37wt%.The tensile strength and yield strength continuously decreased with the tempering time.Analysis of the strengthening and toughening mechanisms showed that the different mechanical properties among the three different Mo content experiment steels were mainly determined by grain refinement strengthening(the difference range was 30-40 MPa)and precipitation strengthening(the difference range was 78-127 MPa).MNF steel displayed an ideal chemical ratio and the highest thermodynamic stability,whereas low Mo content nano-ferrite(LNF)steel and high Mo content nano-ferrite(HNF)steel displayed relatively similar thermodynamic stabilities.展开更多
Novel coronavirus(SARS‑CoV‑2,SARS‑CoV‑2 for short)infection can cause a series of gastrointestinal damage.Related studies have reported that SARS‑CoV‑2 infection can lead to the occurrence and progression of ulcerativ...Novel coronavirus(SARS‑CoV‑2,SARS‑CoV‑2 for short)infection can cause a series of gastrointestinal damage.Related studies have reported that SARS‑CoV‑2 infection can lead to the occurrence and progression of ulcerative colitis,which may be related to the cytokine storm caused by SARS‑CoV‑2 infection.Recently,we have also paid attention to whether infection with SARS‑CoV‑2 will aggravate the condition of UC patients receiving biological immunotherapy and whether vaccination with SARS‑CoV‑2 is safe and effective for these patients.At present,the interaction mechanism between SARS‑CoV‑2,SARS‑CoV‑2 vaccine and ulcerative colitis is not fully understood,and more research is needed to further clarify the relationship.展开更多
Background:Whether the extra-hepatic bile duct(EHBD)should be routinely resected for gallbladder carcinoma(GBC)remains controversial.The current study aimed to determine the clinical impact of combined EHBD resection ...Background:Whether the extra-hepatic bile duct(EHBD)should be routinely resected for gallbladder carcinoma(GBC)remains controversial.The current study aimed to determine the clinical impact of combined EHBD resection during curative surgery for advanced GBC.Methods:In total,213 patients who underwent curative surgery for T2,T3 or T4 GBC were enrolled.The clinicopathological features were compared between the patients treated with EHBD resection and those without EHBD resection.Meanwhile,univariable and multivariable Cox-proportional hazards regression models were used to identify risk factors for overall survival(OS).Results:Among the 213 patients identified,87(40.8%)underwent combined EHBD resection.Compared with patients without EHBD resection,patients with EHBD resection suffered more post-operative complications(33.3%vs.21.4%,P=0.046).However,the median OS of the EHBD resection group was longer than that of the non-EHBD resection group(25 vs.11 months,P=0.008).Subgroup analyses were also performed according to tumor(T)category and lymph-node metastasis.The median OS was significantly longer in the EHBD resection group than in the non-EHBD resection group for patients with T3 lesion(15 vs.7 months,P=0.002),T4 lesion(11 vs.6 months,P=0.021)or lymph-node metastasis(12 vs.7 months,P<0.001).No survival benefit of EHBD resection was observed in GBC patients with T2 lesion or without lymph-node metastasis.T category,lymph-node metastasis,margin status,pre-operative CA19-9 level and EHBD resection were identified as independent prognostic factors for OS of patients with advanced GBC(all P values<0.05).Conclusions EHBD resection can independently affect the OS in advanced GBC.For GBC patients with T3 lesion,T4 lesion and lymph-node metastasis,combined EHBD resection is justified and may improve OS.展开更多
Objective:To study and evaluate the clini1cal effect of plasma exchange in the adjuvant treatment of chronic and acute liver failure.Methods:Totally 60 patients with chronic and acute liver failure in our department w...Objective:To study and evaluate the clini1cal effect of plasma exchange in the adjuvant treatment of chronic and acute liver failure.Methods:Totally 60 patients with chronic and acute liver failure in our department were divided into two groups.The control group received comprehensive treatment and the plasma exchange group received plasma exchange.The changes of total bilirubin(TBIL),PT percentage activity(PTA),alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),albumin(ALB),interleukin-6(IL-6),procalcitonin(PCT)and C-reactive protein(CRP)were measured after treatment,and were assessed in terms of the degree of relief of clinical symptoms.Results:TBIL,ALB,Alt,AST,IL-6,PCT and CRP in the two groups decreased and PTA increased compared with those before treatment,but the curative effect of the treatment group was better than that of the control group(P<0.05).The total effective rate of the treatment group was 80.0%,which was higher than 46.6%of the treatment group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Plasma exchange can help to improve the liver function,remove a large number of inflammatory factors,promote the recovery of liver function and improve the prognosis of patients with chronic and acute liver failure.展开更多
BACKGROUND The intestinal mucosal barrier is the first line of defense against numerous harmful substances,and it contributes to the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis.Recent studies reported that structural and fu...BACKGROUND The intestinal mucosal barrier is the first line of defense against numerous harmful substances,and it contributes to the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis.Recent studies reported that structural and functional changes in the intestinal mucosal barrier were involved in the pathogenesis of several intestinal diseases.However,no study thoroughly evaluated this barrier in patients with functional constipation(FC).AIM To investigate the intestinal mucosal barrier in FC,including the mucus barrier,intercellular junctions,mucosal immunity and gut permeability.METHODS Forty FC patients who fulfilled the Rome IV criteria and 24 healthy controls were recruited in the Department of Gastroenterology of China-Japan Friendship Hospital.The colonic mucus barrier,intercellular junctions in the colonic epithelium,mucosal immune state and gut permeability in FC patients were comprehensively examined.Goblet cells were stained with Alcian Blue/Periodic acid Schiff(AB/PAS)and counted.The ultrastructure of intercellular junctional complexes was observed under an electron microscope.Occludin and zonula occludens-1(ZO-1)in the colonic mucosa were located and quantified using immunohistochemistry and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.Colonic CD3+intraepithelial lymphocytes(IELs)and CD3+lymphocytes in the lamina propria were identified and counted using immunofluorescence.The serum levels of D-lactic acid and zonulin were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.RESULTS Compared to healthy controls,the staining of mucus secreted by goblet cells was darker in FC patients,and the number of goblet cells per upper crypt in the colonic mucosa was significantly increased in FC patients(control,18.67±2.99;FC,22.42±4.09;P=0.001).The intercellular junctional complexes in the colonic epithelium were integral in FC patients.The distribution of mucosal occludin and ZO-1 was not altered in FC patients.No significant differences were found in occludin(control,5.76E-2±1.62E-2;FC,5.17E-2±1.80E-2;P=0.240)and ZO-1展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant Nos. 2021YFC2201803 and 2020YFC2200104)。
文摘We extend two adaptive step-size methods for solving two-dimensional or multi-dimensional generalized nonlinear Schr ¨odinger equation(GNLSE): one is the conservation quantity error adaptive step-control method(RK4IP-CQE), and the other is the local error adaptive step-control method(RK4IP-LEM). The methods are developed in the vector form of fourthorder Runge–Kutta iterative scheme in the interaction picture by converting a vector equation in frequency domain. By simulating the supercontinuum generated from the high birefringence photonic crystal fiber, the calculation accuracies and the efficiencies of the two adaptive step-size methods are discussed. The simulation results show that the two methods have the same global average error, while RK4IP-LEM spends more time than RK4IP-CQE. The decrease of huge calculation time is due to the differences in the convergences of the relative photon number error and the approximated local error between these two adaptive step-size algorithms.
基金Supported by The National Nature Science of China, No. 3080111 and No. 30972923Science and Technology Support Project of Sichuan Province, No. 2014SZ0002-10
文摘AIM: To evaluate the prognostic factors of hilar cholangiocarcinoma in a large series of patients in a single institution.METHODS: Eight hundred and fourteen patients with a diagnosis of hilar cholangiocarcinoma that were evaluated and treated between 1990 and 2014, of which 381 patients underwent curative surgery, were included in this study. Potential factors associated with overall survival(OS) and disease-free survival(DFS) were evaluated by univariate and multivariate analyses.RESULTS: Curative surgery provided the best long-term survival with a median OS of 26.3 mo. The median DFS was 18.1 mo. Multivariate analysis showed that patients with tumor size > 3 cm [hazard ratio(HR) = 1.482, 95%CI: 1.127-1.949; P = 0.005], positive nodal disease(HR = 1.701, 95%CI: 1.346-2.149; P < 0.001), poor differentiation(HR = 2.535, 95%CI: 1.839-3.493; P < 0.001), vascular invasion(HR = 1.542, 95%CI: 1.082-2.197; P = 0.017), and positive margins(HR = 1.798, 95%CI: 1.314-2.461; P < 0.001) had poor OS outcome. The independent factors for DFS were positive nodal disease(HR = 3.383, 95%CI: 2.633-4.348; P < 0.001), poor differentiation(HR = 2.774, 95%CI: 2.012-3.823; P < 0.001), vascular invasion(HR = 2.136, 95%CI: 1.658-3.236; P < 0.001), and positive margins(HR = 1.835, 95%CI: 1.256-2.679; P < 0.001). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that caudate lobectomy [odds ratio(OR) = 9.771, 95%CI: 4.672-20.433; P < 0.001], tumor diameter(OR = 3.772, 95%CI: 1.914-7.434; P < 0.001), surgical procedures(OR = 10.236, 95%CI: 4.738-22.116; P < 0.001), American Joint Committee On Cancer T stage(OR = 2.010, 95%CI: 1.043-3.870; P = 0.037), and vascular invasion(OR = 2.278, 95%CI: 0.997-5.207; P = 0.051) were independently associated with tumorfree margin, and surgical procedures could indirectly affect survival outcome by influencing the tumor resection margin. CONCLUSION: Tumor margin, tumor differentiation, vascular invasion, and lymph node status were independent factors for OS and DFS. Surgical procedures can indirectly affect surv
基金supported by the National Science and Technology Major Projects for"Major New Drugs Innovation and Development"(2013ZX09508104 and 2013ZX09402203)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81603100)+1 种基金the open project of State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures(TMC201510)the graduate student innovation fund of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College(No.2015-1007-07)
文摘Salvianolic acid A （SAA） is a water-soluble component from the root of Salvia Miltiorrhiza Bge, a traditional Chinese medicine, which has been used for the treatment of cerebrovascular diseases for centuries. The present study aimed to determine the brain protective effects of SAA against cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury in rats, and to figure out whether SAA could protect the blood brain barrier （BBB） through matrix metallopeptidase 9 （MMP-9） inhibition. A focal cerebral ischemia reperfusion model was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion （MCAO） for 1.5-h followed by 24-h reperfusion. SAA was administered intravenously at doses of 5, 10, and 20 mg.kg-l. SAA significantly reduced the infarct volumes and neurological deficit scores. Immunohistochemical analyses showed that SAA treatments could also improve the morphology of neurons in hippocampus CA1 and CA3 regions and increase the number of neurons. Western blotting analyses showed that SAA downregulated the levels of MMP-9 and upregulated the levels of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 （TIMP-1） to attenuate BBB injury. SAA treatment significantly prevented MMP-9-induced degradation of ZO-1, claudin-5 and occludin proteins. SAA also prevented cerebral NF-κB p65 activation and reduced inflammation response. Our results suggested that SAA could be a promising agent to attenuate cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury through MMP-9 inhibition and anti-inflammation activities.
基金This study was supported by a grant from the Natural ScienceFoundation of Liaoning Education Committee (No.2004D193).
文摘Background This study aimed at assessing the effect of noninvasive limb preconditioning on myocardial infarct size, and determining whether nitric oxide and neurogenic pathway play an important role in the mechanism of acute remote ischemic preconditioning （IPC）.Methods Forty Wistar rats were randomly divided into four experimental groups. In Group I , the rats underwent 30-minute occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery, and 120-minute reperfusion. In Group PL, the rats underwent four cycles of 5-minute occlusion and reperfusion of both hind limbs using a tourniquet before the experiment was continued as in Group I. In Group PL-N and Group PL-,, we administered L-nitro-arginine methyl ester （L-NAME） 10 mg/kg or hexamethonium chloride 20 mg,/kg intravenously, 10 minutes before IPC. Infarct size as a percentage of the area at risk was determined by triphenyhetrazolium chloride staining.Results There were no statistically significant differences in mean arterial pressure and heart rate among these groups at any time point during the experiment （ P〉0. 05 ）. The myocardial infarct size （IS） was decreased significantly in Group PL and Group PL-U compared with Group I , and the IS/AAR was 34. 5%± 7.6%, 35.9%±8.6% and58.5%±8.5%, respectively （P〈0.05）. The IS/AAR was 49.1%±6.5% in Group PEN, and there was no significant difference compared with Group I （P〉0. 05 ）.Conclusions Noninvasive limb IPC is effective in protecting the myocardium from ischemia reperfusion injury. Nitric oxide plays an important role in the mechanism of acute remote IPC, in which the neurogenic pathway is not involved.
基金The National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFA1502000 and 2022YFA1505300)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (22288102, 22072124)+1 种基金support from Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility (1W1B, BSRF)China Scholarship Council for the financial support。
文摘With tunable local electronic environment,high mass density of MN4sites,and ease of preparation,metal-organic conjugated coordinative polymer(CCP) with inherent electronic conductivity provides a promising alternative to the well-known M-N-C electrocatalysts.Herein,the coordination reaction between Cu^(2+)and 1,2,4,5-tetraaminobenzene(TAB) was conducted on the surface of metallic Cu nanowires,forming a thin layer of CuN4-based CCP(Cu-TAB) on the Cu nanowire.More importantly,interfacial transfer of electrons from Cu core to the CuN4-based CCP nanoshell was observed within the resulting CuTAB@Cu,which was found to enrich the local electronic density of the CuN4sites.As such,the CuTAB@Cu demonstrates much improved affinity to the*COOH intermediate formed from the rate determining step;the energy barrier for C-C coupling,which is critical to convert CO_(2)into C2products,is also decreased.Accordingly,it delivers a current density of-9.1 mA cm^(-2)at a potential as high as 0.558 V(vs.RHE) in H-type cell and a Faraday efficiency of 46.4% for ethanol.This work emphasizes the profound role of interfacial interaction in tuning the local electronic structure and activating the CuN4-based CCPs for efficient electroreduction of CO_(2).
基金supported by Key Laboratory of Hexi Corridor Resources Utilization of Gansu Universities(No.XZ1011)the President's Funds of Hexi University(No.XZ-2009-9)+1 种基金Gansu Engineering Laboratory of Applied Mycologythe National Science Foundation of China(No.21262010)
文摘Sulfonated poly（4-vinylpyridine） heteropolyacid salts acted as a heterogeneous catalyst to effectively catalyze the one-pot synthesis of β-amino carbonyl compounds via the Mannich reaction between aromatic aldehydes, aromatic ketone, and aromatic amines. In addition, the catalyst could be easily recovered by the filtration and reused six times without significant loss of catalytic activity.
基金financially supported by the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (No. LZ15E030001)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21534009)
文摘The performances of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)are dependent on the wettability and stability of porous separators.Musselinspired coatings seem to be useful to improve the surface wettability of commercialized polyolefin separators.However,it is still a challenge to guarantee their stability under polar electrolytes.Herein,we report a facile and versatile way to enhance the wettability and stability of polypropylene separators by constructing robust polydopamine(PDA)coatings triggered with CuSO4/H2O2.These coatings were conveniently deposited on the polypropylene separator surfaces and the PDA-coated separators exhibited the improved surface wettability and thermal stability.The electrolyte uptake increased nearly two folds from the pristine separator to the modified ones.Correspondingly,the ionic conductivity also rose from 0.82 mS·cm^-1 to 1.30 mS·cm^-1.Most importantly,the CuSO4/H2O2-triggered PDA coatings were very stable under strong polar electrolytes,endowing the cells with excellent cycle performance and enhanced C-rate capacity.Overall,the results unequivocally demonstrate that application of PDA coatings on polyolefin separator triggered by CuSO4/H2O2 is a facile and efficient method for improving the wettability and stability of separators for high LIBs performance.
基金funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Nos. 2018YFC0603904, 2018YFC0603901)。
文摘In-situ LA-ICP-MS and S isotopes of pyrite from the Baoshan Cu polymetallic deposit were conducted to investigate the ore-forming process and the enrichment mechanism of elements.Three generations of pyrite (Py Ⅰ,Py Ⅱ,and Py Ⅲ) in the skarn-type ores and pyrite in the carbonate-hosted sulfide ores from central,western,and northern(C_Py,W_Py,and N_Py) mining districts are selected for comparison.Compared with Py Ⅰ and Py Ⅲ,the contents of most elements in Py Ⅱ are apparently higher.The As and Se contents are high within a wide range and are decoupled in the growth band of the C_Py.The highest As,Se,and Pb contents were found in W_Py and N_Py.These results indicate the drastic changes in the temperature and fluid mixing during the mineralization.The occurrence of fluctuation and change in temperature and f(O_(2)) was triggered by intermittent pulses of magmatic-hydrothermal fluids,mixing with meteoric water,and water-rock interactions.The sulfur isotopes of all species of pyrite indicated the magmatic source.The change in the f(O_(2)) conditions caused slight differences in the sulfur isotope compositions.Consequently,a metallogenic model was proposed to explain the ore-forming processes.
基金the Science&Technology Support Project of Sichuan Province(.2018JY0019,2015FZ0076,and 2014SZ0191).
文摘Background: The survival benefits of additional resection of the positive proximal ductal margin (PM) in hilar cholangiocarcinoma (HCCA) remains controversial. This retrospective study investigated the effectiveness of additional resection of the invasive cancer PM under different levels of preoperative carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9). Methods: Patients who underwent hepatectomy for HCCA from 2000 to 2017 were analyzed. Surgical variables, resection margin status, length of the PM (LPM), prognostic factors, and survival were evaluated. Results: A total of 228 patients were enrolled: 175 PM(?) without additional resection patients (group A), 21 PM(?) after additional resection (group B), 16 PM(+) without additional resection (group C), and 16 PM(+) after additional resection (group D). The median survival of group B (20.99 months) was similar to that of group A (23.00 months;P=0.16), and both were significantly better than those of group C (11.60 months) and D (9.50 months), especially when preoperative CA19-9>150 U/mL (P<0.05). The survival of patients with an LPM >10 mm was significantly better compared with those with an LPM ≤10 mm, especially when preoperative CA19-9 was >150 U/mL (P<0.05). Only in the LPM >10 mm group, the survival of group B was comparable with that of group A (P>0.05). Conclusions: HCCA patients could get a survival benefit from a negative PM resulting from additional resection. Survival could be comparable with that of negative PM without additional resection among HCCA patients. An LPM >10 mm is possibly more associated with better survival compared with whether additional resection of the positive PM is performed under different levels of preoperative CA19-9.
基金This study was financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2020YFB2008302).
文摘In the casting process,in order to compensate for the solidification shrinkage to obtain higher dimensional accuracy of the casting,it is often necessary to modify the original design of castings,and a suitable compensation method has a decisive impact on the dimensional accuracy of the actual casting.In this study,based on solidification simulation,a design method of reverse deformation is proposed,and two compensation methods,empirical compensation and direct reverse deformation,are implemented.The simulation results show that the empirical compensation method has problems such as difficulty in determining the parameters and satisfaction of both the overall and local accuracy at the same time;while based on the simulation results for each node of the casting,the direct reverse deformation design achieves the design with shape.In addition,the casting model can be optimized through iterative revisions,so that higher dimensional accuracy can be continuously obtained in the subsequent design process.Therefore,the direct reverse deformation design is more accurate and reasonable compared to empirical compensation method.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51601174).
文摘The effects of tempering holding time at 700℃on the morphology,mechanical properties,and behavior of nanoparticles in Ti-Mo ferritic steel with different Mo contents were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy.The equilibrium solid solution amounts of Mo,Ti,and C in ferritic steel at various temperatures were calculated,and changes in the sizes of nanoparticles over time at different Mo contents were analyzed.The experimental results and theoretical calculations were in good agreement with each other and showed that the size of nanoparticles in middle Mo content nano-ferrite(MNF)steel changed the least during aging.High Mo contents inhibited the maturation and growth of nanoparticles,but no obvious inhibitory effect was observed when the Mo content exceeded 0.37wt%.The tensile strength and yield strength continuously decreased with the tempering time.Analysis of the strengthening and toughening mechanisms showed that the different mechanical properties among the three different Mo content experiment steels were mainly determined by grain refinement strengthening(the difference range was 30-40 MPa)and precipitation strengthening(the difference range was 78-127 MPa).MNF steel displayed an ideal chemical ratio and the highest thermodynamic stability,whereas low Mo content nano-ferrite(LNF)steel and high Mo content nano-ferrite(HNF)steel displayed relatively similar thermodynamic stabilities.
基金financially supported by Key Laboratory of Hexi Corridor Resources Utilization of Gansu Universities(No.XZ1011 )the President's Funds of Hexi University(No.XZ-2009-9)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21262010)
文摘Received 20 November 2012 Received in revised form 13 December 2012 Accepted 21 December 2012 Available online 29 January 2013
基金In‑Hospital Fund Project of No.940 Hospital(NO.20yjky020)General Research Fund Project of Huoshenshan Hospital(NO.HSS‑217)Gansu Provincial Science and Technology Department Social Development Department Clinical Medicine Research Center Project(NO.21JR7RA017)。
文摘Novel coronavirus(SARS‑CoV‑2,SARS‑CoV‑2 for short)infection can cause a series of gastrointestinal damage.Related studies have reported that SARS‑CoV‑2 infection can lead to the occurrence and progression of ulcerative colitis,which may be related to the cytokine storm caused by SARS‑CoV‑2 infection.Recently,we have also paid attention to whether infection with SARS‑CoV‑2 will aggravate the condition of UC patients receiving biological immunotherapy and whether vaccination with SARS‑CoV‑2 is safe and effective for these patients.At present,the interaction mechanism between SARS‑CoV‑2,SARS‑CoV‑2 vaccine and ulcerative colitis is not fully understood,and more research is needed to further clarify the relationship.
基金supported by the grant from the Science&Technology Support Project of Sichuan Province(No.2018JY0019).
文摘Background:Whether the extra-hepatic bile duct(EHBD)should be routinely resected for gallbladder carcinoma(GBC)remains controversial.The current study aimed to determine the clinical impact of combined EHBD resection during curative surgery for advanced GBC.Methods:In total,213 patients who underwent curative surgery for T2,T3 or T4 GBC were enrolled.The clinicopathological features were compared between the patients treated with EHBD resection and those without EHBD resection.Meanwhile,univariable and multivariable Cox-proportional hazards regression models were used to identify risk factors for overall survival(OS).Results:Among the 213 patients identified,87(40.8%)underwent combined EHBD resection.Compared with patients without EHBD resection,patients with EHBD resection suffered more post-operative complications(33.3%vs.21.4%,P=0.046).However,the median OS of the EHBD resection group was longer than that of the non-EHBD resection group(25 vs.11 months,P=0.008).Subgroup analyses were also performed according to tumor(T)category and lymph-node metastasis.The median OS was significantly longer in the EHBD resection group than in the non-EHBD resection group for patients with T3 lesion(15 vs.7 months,P=0.002),T4 lesion(11 vs.6 months,P=0.021)or lymph-node metastasis(12 vs.7 months,P<0.001).No survival benefit of EHBD resection was observed in GBC patients with T2 lesion or without lymph-node metastasis.T category,lymph-node metastasis,margin status,pre-operative CA19-9 level and EHBD resection were identified as independent prognostic factors for OS of patients with advanced GBC(all P values<0.05).Conclusions EHBD resection can independently affect the OS in advanced GBC.For GBC patients with T3 lesion,T4 lesion and lymph-node metastasis,combined EHBD resection is justified and may improve OS.
基金Gansu Provincial Youth Fund Project(NO.20JR10RA016)。
文摘Objective:To study and evaluate the clini1cal effect of plasma exchange in the adjuvant treatment of chronic and acute liver failure.Methods:Totally 60 patients with chronic and acute liver failure in our department were divided into two groups.The control group received comprehensive treatment and the plasma exchange group received plasma exchange.The changes of total bilirubin(TBIL),PT percentage activity(PTA),alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),albumin(ALB),interleukin-6(IL-6),procalcitonin(PCT)and C-reactive protein(CRP)were measured after treatment,and were assessed in terms of the degree of relief of clinical symptoms.Results:TBIL,ALB,Alt,AST,IL-6,PCT and CRP in the two groups decreased and PTA increased compared with those before treatment,but the curative effect of the treatment group was better than that of the control group(P<0.05).The total effective rate of the treatment group was 80.0%,which was higher than 46.6%of the treatment group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Plasma exchange can help to improve the liver function,remove a large number of inflammatory factors,promote the recovery of liver function and improve the prognosis of patients with chronic and acute liver failure.
基金the National Key Technology Support Program during“12th Five-Year Plan”Period of China,No.2014BAI08B00the Project“The role of the gut microbiota and metabolites in the pathogenesis of diarrheapredominant irritable bowel syndrome”of China-Japan Friendship Hospital,No.2019-64-K44.
文摘BACKGROUND The intestinal mucosal barrier is the first line of defense against numerous harmful substances,and it contributes to the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis.Recent studies reported that structural and functional changes in the intestinal mucosal barrier were involved in the pathogenesis of several intestinal diseases.However,no study thoroughly evaluated this barrier in patients with functional constipation(FC).AIM To investigate the intestinal mucosal barrier in FC,including the mucus barrier,intercellular junctions,mucosal immunity and gut permeability.METHODS Forty FC patients who fulfilled the Rome IV criteria and 24 healthy controls were recruited in the Department of Gastroenterology of China-Japan Friendship Hospital.The colonic mucus barrier,intercellular junctions in the colonic epithelium,mucosal immune state and gut permeability in FC patients were comprehensively examined.Goblet cells were stained with Alcian Blue/Periodic acid Schiff(AB/PAS)and counted.The ultrastructure of intercellular junctional complexes was observed under an electron microscope.Occludin and zonula occludens-1(ZO-1)in the colonic mucosa were located and quantified using immunohistochemistry and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.Colonic CD3+intraepithelial lymphocytes(IELs)and CD3+lymphocytes in the lamina propria were identified and counted using immunofluorescence.The serum levels of D-lactic acid and zonulin were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.RESULTS Compared to healthy controls,the staining of mucus secreted by goblet cells was darker in FC patients,and the number of goblet cells per upper crypt in the colonic mucosa was significantly increased in FC patients(control,18.67±2.99;FC,22.42±4.09;P=0.001).The intercellular junctional complexes in the colonic epithelium were integral in FC patients.The distribution of mucosal occludin and ZO-1 was not altered in FC patients.No significant differences were found in occludin(control,5.76E-2±1.62E-2;FC,5.17E-2±1.80E-2;P=0.240)and ZO-1
