AIM: To analyze the correlation between cytokineinduced killer (CIK) cells adoptive immunotherapy and cancer-related death in gastric cancer patients. METHODS: One hundred and fifty-six gastric cancer patients after o...AIM: To analyze the correlation between cytokineinduced killer (CIK) cells adoptive immunotherapy and cancer-related death in gastric cancer patients. METHODS: One hundred and fifty-six gastric cancer patients after operation at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University were enrolled in this study. Their clinical data including demographic characteristics, operation time, tumor size, pathological type and staging, tumor metastasis, outcome of chemotherapy or CIK cells adoptive immunotherapy, survival time or time of death were collected with a standard structured questionnaire. Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate the median survival time, and the 2- and 5- year survival rates. Hazard risk (HR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of CIK cells adoptive immunotherapy for gastric cancer were calculated using the two-stage time-dependent covariates Cox model. RESULTS: The survival time of gastric cancer patients was longer after CIK cells adoptive immunotherapy than after chemotherapy (χ 2 = 10.907, P = 0.001). The median survival time of gastric cancer patients was also longer after CIK cells adoptive immunotherapy than after chemotherapy (49 mo vs 27 mo, P < 0.05). The 2- and 5-year survival rates of gastric cancer patients were significantly higher after CIK cells adoptive immunotherapy than after chemotherapy (73.5% vs 52.6%, 40.4% vs 23.9%, P < 0.05). A significant difference was observed in the survival curve for patients who received CIK cells adoptive immunotherapy (0, 1-10, 11-25, and over 25 frequencies) (χ 2 = 14.534, P = 0.002). The frequencies of CIK cells adoptive immunotherapy were significantly related with the decreasing risk of death in gastric cancer patients after adjustment for sex and age of the patients, tumor stage and relapse (HR = 0.54, 95% CI: 0.36-0.80) when the first stage Cox model was used to define the subjects who remained alive beyond 36 mo as survivors. However, no correlation was observed between the frequencies of death in CIK cells adoptive immunotherapy and the 展开更多
AIM： To explore the expression of p53, bcl-2, bax, survivin and the cell apoptosis during the development of tree shrew hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC）, the relationship between expression of these genes, its impact...AIM： To explore the expression of p53, bcl-2, bax, survivin and the cell apoptosis during the development of tree shrew hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC）, the relationship between expression of these genes, its impact on HCC development, and its relation to cell apoptosis. METHODS： Tree shrew HCC was induced with aflatoxin B1 （AFB1）, and regular biopsy of liver tissues was carried out and the biopsy tissues were collected during cancer inducement. Liver biopsy tissue and HCC tissue were collected from 35 pre-cancerous experimental animals at wk 30 and 60 and at the 30^th, 60^th, and 90^th -wk. Liver biopsy tissues were collected from 13 blank control animals at wk 30, 60, and 90. Expression of p53, bcl-2, bax, and survivin at each stage was examined by immunohistochemistry method. Apoptotic cells were detected in situ by the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated nick end labeling （TUNEL） technique. RESULTS： The apoptosis rate of normal hepatic cells was extremely low, whereas it increased during the formation of HCC. Expression of the apoptosis-related genes p53, bcl-2, bax, and survivin during the formation of HCC presented an increasing tendency. Expression of p53 did not noticeably relate to that of bcl-2, bax, and survivin, whereas expression of bcl-2 and bax was closely related. In HCC, p53 did not present a distinct relation to cell apoptosis, whereas its high level expression was probably related to liver cell proliferation. Survivin negatively correlated apoptosis index, and its overexpression could inhibit cell apoptosis. CONCLUSION： Apoptosis-related genes p53, bcl-2, bax, and survivin are all related to the occurrence of HCC. The anti-apoptosis effect of bcl-2 is influenced by bax, and ratio bcl/bax reflects more correctly the extent of cell apoptosis.展开更多
A high-density single nucleotide polymorphism （SNP） array is critically important for geneticists and molecu- lar breeders. With the accumulation of huge amounts of genomic re-sequencing data and available technolog...A high-density single nucleotide polymorphism （SNP） array is critically important for geneticists and molecu- lar breeders. With the accumulation of huge amounts of genomic re-sequencing data and available technologies for accurate SNP detection, it is possible to design high-density and high-quality rice SNP arrays. Here we report the devel- opment of a high-density rice SNP array and its utility. SNP probes were designed by screening more than 10 000 000 SNP loci extracted from the re-sequencing data of 801 rice varieties and an array named RiceSNP50 was produced on the Illumina Infinium platform. The array contained 51 478 evenly distributed markers, 68% of which were within genic regions. Several hundred rice plants with parent/F1 relationships were used to generate a high-quality cluster file for accurate SNP calling. Application tests showed that this array had high genotyping accuracy, and could be used for dif- ferent objectives. For example, a core collection of elite rice varieties was clustered with fine resolution. Genome-wide association studies （GWAS） analysis correctly identified a characterized QTL. Further, this array was successfully used for variety verification and trait introgression. As an accurate high-throughput genotyping tool, RiceSNP50 will play an important role in both functional genomics studies and molecular breeding.展开更多
Background: Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a serious complication after surgery, especially in elderly patients. The anesthesia technique is a potentially modifiable risk factor for POCD. This study ass...Background: Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a serious complication after surgery, especially in elderly patients. The anesthesia technique is a potentially modifiable risk factor for POCD. This study assessed the effects of dexmedetomidine, propofol or midazolam sedation on POCD in elderly patients who underwent hip or knee replacement under spinal anesthesia. Methods: The present study was a prospective randomized controlled preliminary trial. From July 2013 and December 2014, a total of 164 patients aged 65 years or older who underwent hip or knee arthroplasty at China-Japan Friendship Hospital and 41 non-surgical controls were included in this study. Patients were randomized in a 1:1:1 ratio to 3 sedative groups. All the patients received combined spinal-epidural anesthesia (CSEA) with midazolam, dexmedetomidine or propofol sedation. The sedative dose was adjusted to achieve light sedation (bispectral index[BIS] score between 70 and 85). All study participants and controls completed a battery of 5 neuropsychological tests before and 7 days after surgery. One year postoperatively, the patients and controls were interviewed over the telephone using the Montreal cognitive assessment 5-minute protocol. Results: In all, 60 of 164 patients (36.6%) were diagnosed with POCD 7 days postoperatively, POCD incidence in propofol group was significantly lower than that in dexmedetomidine and midazolam groups (18.2% vs. 40.0%, 51.9%, χ^2 6.342 and 13.603, P= 0.012 and < 0.001). When the patients were re-tested 1 year postoperatively, the incidence of POCD was not significantly different among the 3 groups (14.0%, 10.6% vs. 14.9%, χ^2 0.016 and 0.382, P= 0.899 and 0.536). Conclusion: Among dexmedetomidine, propofol and midazolam sedation in elderly patients, propofol sedation shows a significant advantage in term of short-term POCD incidence.展开更多
The Large sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope（LAMOST） general survey is a spectroscopic survey that will eventually cover approximately half of the celestial sphere and collect 10 million spectra of ...The Large sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope（LAMOST） general survey is a spectroscopic survey that will eventually cover approximately half of the celestial sphere and collect 10 million spectra of stars, galaxies and QSOs. Objects in both the pilot survey and the first year regular survey are included in the LAMOST DR1. The pilot survey started in October 2011 and ended in June 2012, and the data have been released to the public as the LAMOST Pilot Data Release in August 2012. The regular survey started in September 2012, and completed its first year of operation in June 2013. The LAMOST DR1 includes a total of 1202 plates containing 2 955 336 spectra, of which 1 790 879 spectra have observed signalto-noise ratio（SNR） ≥ 10. All data with SNR ≥ 2 are formally released as LAMOST DR1 under the LAMOST data policy. This data release contains a total of 2 204 696 spectra, of which 1 944 329 are stellar spectra, 12 082 are galaxy spectra and 5017 are quasars. The DR1 not only includes spectra, but also three stellar catalogs with measured parameters： late A,FGK-type stars with high quality spectra（1 061 918 entries）, A-type stars（100 073 entries）, and M-type stars（121 522 entries）. This paper introduces the survey design, the observational and instrumental limitations, data reduction and analysis, and some caveats. A description of the FITS structure of spectral files and parameter catalogs is also provided.展开更多
BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)has become a major cause of chronic liver disease.The Chinese herbal medicine(CHM)Dachaihu decoction(DCHD)has been proved to treat NAFLD with good efficacy in previou...BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)has become a major cause of chronic liver disease.The Chinese herbal medicine(CHM)Dachaihu decoction(DCHD)has been proved to treat NAFLD with good efficacy in previous studies.Based on the TCM principle of formula formation,we divided DCHD into soothing liver part,invigorating spleen part,and dredging intestine part.Marshall officially proposed the concept of“intestinal-hepatic axis”,which systematically explains the interactions between the intestine and liver.We hypothesized that the effect of CHM on NAFLD is achieved by regulating the liver and intestine.Thus,we aimed to investigate the possible effect of a CHM formula on NAFLD in a rat model.AIM To investigate the effects of a CHM formula(a decoction of Chinese thorowax root,scutellaria root,and white peony root)on NAFLD and its regulatory effect on the“intestinal-liver”axis.METHODS Sixty rats were randomly divided into control,model,pioglitazone hydrochloride(PH),and CHM(a decoction of Chinese thorowax root,scutellaria root,and white peony root)groups.An NAFLD rat model was established using a high-fat highfructose diet for 16 wk.From the 13th week,rats were administered with PH or a decoction of Chinese thorowax,scutellaria,and white peony root(CHM group)for 4 wk.Rats in the control group and model group were administered with an equal volume of distilled water.At the end of the study,blood was collected via the abdominal aorta.Liver tissues were harvested and any morphological changes were observed by hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining,Oil red O staining,and Masson staining.In addition,blood lipids,liver function markers,and triglyceride(TG)in liver tissues were analyzed.The levels of transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),Toll-like receptor-4(TLR4),and nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-кB)in liver tissues and secreted immunoglobulin A(sIgA)in intestinal tissues were analyzed by ELISA,and protein and mRNA expression of occludin and zonula occludens-1(ZO-1)in the intestine were展开更多
AIM: To determine the role of p38 MAP kinase signal transduction pathways in diallyl disulfide (DADS)-induced G2/M arrest in human gastric cancer MGC803 cells.METHODS: MGC803 cell growth inhibition was measured by MTT...AIM: To determine the role of p38 MAP kinase signal transduction pathways in diallyl disulfide (DADS)-induced G2/M arrest in human gastric cancer MGC803 cells.METHODS: MGC803 cell growth inhibition was measured by MTT assay. Phase distribution of cell cyde was analyzed by flow cytometry. Expression of Cdc25C, p38, phosphorylation of p38 (pp38) were determined by Western blotting.RESULTS: MT1- assay showed that SB203580, a specific p38 MAPK inhibitor blocked DADS-induced growth inhibition.Flow cytometry analysis revealed that treatment of MGC803 cells with 30 mg/L DADS increased the percentage of cells in the G2/M phase from 9.3% to 39.4% (P<0.05), whereas inhibition of p38 activity by SB203580 abolished induction of G2/M arrest by DADS. Western blotting showed that phosphorylation of p38 was increased 3.52-fold following treatment of MGC803 cells with 30 mg/L DADS for 20 min(P<0.05), whereas Cdc25C was decreased 68% following treatment of MGCS03 cells with 30 mg/L DADS for 24 h(P<0.05). Decreased Cdc25C protein expression by DADS was attenuated by SB203580 (P<0.05).CONCLUSION: DADS-induced G2/M arrest of MGC803 cells involves activation of p38 MAP kinase pathways.Decreased Cdc25C protein expression by p38 MAPK played a crucial role in G2/M arrest after treatment with DADS.展开更多
基金Supported by The National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 30872176, 30950022 and 30972703grants of Jiangsu Province and Soochow University Medical Development Foundation, No. EE126765
文摘AIM: To analyze the correlation between cytokineinduced killer (CIK) cells adoptive immunotherapy and cancer-related death in gastric cancer patients. METHODS: One hundred and fifty-six gastric cancer patients after operation at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University were enrolled in this study. Their clinical data including demographic characteristics, operation time, tumor size, pathological type and staging, tumor metastasis, outcome of chemotherapy or CIK cells adoptive immunotherapy, survival time or time of death were collected with a standard structured questionnaire. Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate the median survival time, and the 2- and 5- year survival rates. Hazard risk (HR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of CIK cells adoptive immunotherapy for gastric cancer were calculated using the two-stage time-dependent covariates Cox model. RESULTS: The survival time of gastric cancer patients was longer after CIK cells adoptive immunotherapy than after chemotherapy (χ 2 = 10.907, P = 0.001). The median survival time of gastric cancer patients was also longer after CIK cells adoptive immunotherapy than after chemotherapy (49 mo vs 27 mo, P < 0.05). The 2- and 5-year survival rates of gastric cancer patients were significantly higher after CIK cells adoptive immunotherapy than after chemotherapy (73.5% vs 52.6%, 40.4% vs 23.9%, P < 0.05). A significant difference was observed in the survival curve for patients who received CIK cells adoptive immunotherapy (0, 1-10, 11-25, and over 25 frequencies) (χ 2 = 14.534, P = 0.002). The frequencies of CIK cells adoptive immunotherapy were significantly related with the decreasing risk of death in gastric cancer patients after adjustment for sex and age of the patients, tumor stage and relapse (HR = 0.54, 95% CI: 0.36-0.80) when the first stage Cox model was used to define the subjects who remained alive beyond 36 mo as survivors. However, no correlation was observed between the frequencies of death in CIK cells adoptive immunotherapy and the
基金Supported by the Science and Technology Department of Guangxi,No. 0143058,No. 0144002The National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 39860072
文摘AIM： To explore the expression of p53, bcl-2, bax, survivin and the cell apoptosis during the development of tree shrew hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC）, the relationship between expression of these genes, its impact on HCC development, and its relation to cell apoptosis. METHODS： Tree shrew HCC was induced with aflatoxin B1 （AFB1）, and regular biopsy of liver tissues was carried out and the biopsy tissues were collected during cancer inducement. Liver biopsy tissue and HCC tissue were collected from 35 pre-cancerous experimental animals at wk 30 and 60 and at the 30^th, 60^th, and 90^th -wk. Liver biopsy tissues were collected from 13 blank control animals at wk 30, 60, and 90. Expression of p53, bcl-2, bax, and survivin at each stage was examined by immunohistochemistry method. Apoptotic cells were detected in situ by the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated nick end labeling （TUNEL） technique. RESULTS： The apoptosis rate of normal hepatic cells was extremely low, whereas it increased during the formation of HCC. Expression of the apoptosis-related genes p53, bcl-2, bax, and survivin during the formation of HCC presented an increasing tendency. Expression of p53 did not noticeably relate to that of bcl-2, bax, and survivin, whereas expression of bcl-2 and bax was closely related. In HCC, p53 did not present a distinct relation to cell apoptosis, whereas its high level expression was probably related to liver cell proliferation. Survivin negatively correlated apoptosis index, and its overexpression could inhibit cell apoptosis. CONCLUSION： Apoptosis-related genes p53, bcl-2, bax, and survivin are all related to the occurrence of HCC. The anti-apoptosis effect of bcl-2 is influenced by bax, and ratio bcl/bax reflects more correctly the extent of cell apoptosis.
基金grants from the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China，the National Program on Key Basic Research Project of China，the National Natural Science Foundation of China，Guangdong Innovative Research Team Program，the Ministry of Agriculture of China
文摘A high-density single nucleotide polymorphism （SNP） array is critically important for geneticists and molecu- lar breeders. With the accumulation of huge amounts of genomic re-sequencing data and available technologies for accurate SNP detection, it is possible to design high-density and high-quality rice SNP arrays. Here we report the devel- opment of a high-density rice SNP array and its utility. SNP probes were designed by screening more than 10 000 000 SNP loci extracted from the re-sequencing data of 801 rice varieties and an array named RiceSNP50 was produced on the Illumina Infinium platform. The array contained 51 478 evenly distributed markers, 68% of which were within genic regions. Several hundred rice plants with parent/F1 relationships were used to generate a high-quality cluster file for accurate SNP calling. Application tests showed that this array had high genotyping accuracy, and could be used for dif- ferent objectives. For example, a core collection of elite rice varieties was clustered with fine resolution. Genome-wide association studies （GWAS） analysis correctly identified a characterized QTL. Further, this array was successfully used for variety verification and trait introgression. As an accurate high-throughput genotyping tool, RiceSNP50 will play an important role in both functional genomics studies and molecular breeding.
文摘Background: Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a serious complication after surgery, especially in elderly patients. The anesthesia technique is a potentially modifiable risk factor for POCD. This study assessed the effects of dexmedetomidine, propofol or midazolam sedation on POCD in elderly patients who underwent hip or knee replacement under spinal anesthesia. Methods: The present study was a prospective randomized controlled preliminary trial. From July 2013 and December 2014, a total of 164 patients aged 65 years or older who underwent hip or knee arthroplasty at China-Japan Friendship Hospital and 41 non-surgical controls were included in this study. Patients were randomized in a 1:1:1 ratio to 3 sedative groups. All the patients received combined spinal-epidural anesthesia (CSEA) with midazolam, dexmedetomidine or propofol sedation. The sedative dose was adjusted to achieve light sedation (bispectral index[BIS] score between 70 and 85). All study participants and controls completed a battery of 5 neuropsychological tests before and 7 days after surgery. One year postoperatively, the patients and controls were interviewed over the telephone using the Montreal cognitive assessment 5-minute protocol. Results: In all, 60 of 164 patients (36.6%) were diagnosed with POCD 7 days postoperatively, POCD incidence in propofol group was significantly lower than that in dexmedetomidine and midazolam groups (18.2% vs. 40.0%, 51.9%, χ^2 6.342 and 13.603, P= 0.012 and < 0.001). When the patients were re-tested 1 year postoperatively, the incidence of POCD was not significantly different among the 3 groups (14.0%, 10.6% vs. 14.9%, χ^2 0.016 and 0.382, P= 0.899 and 0.536). Conclusion: Among dexmedetomidine, propofol and midazolam sedation in elderly patients, propofol sedation shows a significant advantage in term of short-term POCD incidence.
基金funded by the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program, 2014CB845700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11390371)Funding for the project has been provided by the National Development and Reform Commission
文摘The Large sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope（LAMOST） general survey is a spectroscopic survey that will eventually cover approximately half of the celestial sphere and collect 10 million spectra of stars, galaxies and QSOs. Objects in both the pilot survey and the first year regular survey are included in the LAMOST DR1. The pilot survey started in October 2011 and ended in June 2012, and the data have been released to the public as the LAMOST Pilot Data Release in August 2012. The regular survey started in September 2012, and completed its first year of operation in June 2013. The LAMOST DR1 includes a total of 1202 plates containing 2 955 336 spectra, of which 1 790 879 spectra have observed signalto-noise ratio（SNR） ≥ 10. All data with SNR ≥ 2 are formally released as LAMOST DR1 under the LAMOST data policy. This data release contains a total of 2 204 696 spectra, of which 1 944 329 are stellar spectra, 12 082 are galaxy spectra and 5017 are quasars. The DR1 not only includes spectra, but also three stellar catalogs with measured parameters： late A,FGK-type stars with high quality spectra（1 061 918 entries）, A-type stars（100 073 entries）, and M-type stars（121 522 entries）. This paper introduces the survey design, the observational and instrumental limitations, data reduction and analysis, and some caveats. A description of the FITS structure of spectral files and parameter catalogs is also provided.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81673868
文摘BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)has become a major cause of chronic liver disease.The Chinese herbal medicine(CHM)Dachaihu decoction(DCHD)has been proved to treat NAFLD with good efficacy in previous studies.Based on the TCM principle of formula formation,we divided DCHD into soothing liver part,invigorating spleen part,and dredging intestine part.Marshall officially proposed the concept of“intestinal-hepatic axis”,which systematically explains the interactions between the intestine and liver.We hypothesized that the effect of CHM on NAFLD is achieved by regulating the liver and intestine.Thus,we aimed to investigate the possible effect of a CHM formula on NAFLD in a rat model.AIM To investigate the effects of a CHM formula(a decoction of Chinese thorowax root,scutellaria root,and white peony root)on NAFLD and its regulatory effect on the“intestinal-liver”axis.METHODS Sixty rats were randomly divided into control,model,pioglitazone hydrochloride(PH),and CHM(a decoction of Chinese thorowax root,scutellaria root,and white peony root)groups.An NAFLD rat model was established using a high-fat highfructose diet for 16 wk.From the 13th week,rats were administered with PH or a decoction of Chinese thorowax,scutellaria,and white peony root(CHM group)for 4 wk.Rats in the control group and model group were administered with an equal volume of distilled water.At the end of the study,blood was collected via the abdominal aorta.Liver tissues were harvested and any morphological changes were observed by hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining,Oil red O staining,and Masson staining.In addition,blood lipids,liver function markers,and triglyceride(TG)in liver tissues were analyzed.The levels of transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),Toll-like receptor-4(TLR4),and nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-кB)in liver tissues and secreted immunoglobulin A(sIgA)in intestinal tissues were analyzed by ELISA,and protein and mRNA expression of occludin and zonula occludens-1(ZO-1)in the intestine were
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,No.02JJY2026,01JJY2146 and the Foundation of Hunan ProvinceEducation Department,No.01A016
文摘AIM: To determine the role of p38 MAP kinase signal transduction pathways in diallyl disulfide (DADS)-induced G2/M arrest in human gastric cancer MGC803 cells.METHODS: MGC803 cell growth inhibition was measured by MTT assay. Phase distribution of cell cyde was analyzed by flow cytometry. Expression of Cdc25C, p38, phosphorylation of p38 (pp38) were determined by Western blotting.RESULTS: MT1- assay showed that SB203580, a specific p38 MAPK inhibitor blocked DADS-induced growth inhibition.Flow cytometry analysis revealed that treatment of MGC803 cells with 30 mg/L DADS increased the percentage of cells in the G2/M phase from 9.3% to 39.4% (P<0.05), whereas inhibition of p38 activity by SB203580 abolished induction of G2/M arrest by DADS. Western blotting showed that phosphorylation of p38 was increased 3.52-fold following treatment of MGC803 cells with 30 mg/L DADS for 20 min(P<0.05), whereas Cdc25C was decreased 68% following treatment of MGCS03 cells with 30 mg/L DADS for 24 h(P<0.05). Decreased Cdc25C protein expression by DADS was attenuated by SB203580 (P<0.05).CONCLUSION: DADS-induced G2/M arrest of MGC803 cells involves activation of p38 MAP kinase pathways.Decreased Cdc25C protein expression by p38 MAPK played a crucial role in G2/M arrest after treatment with DADS.
