Hepatectomy is still the major curative treatment for patients with liver malignancies.However,it is still a big challenge to remove the tumors in the central posterior area,especially if their location involves the r...Hepatectomy is still the major curative treatment for patients with liver malignancies.However,it is still a big challenge to remove the tumors in the central posterior area,especially if their location involves the retrohepatic inferior vena cava and hepatic veins.Ex vivo liver resection and auto-transplantation(ELRA),a hybrid technique of the traditional liver resection and transplantation,has brought new hope to these patients and therefore becomes a valid alternative to liver transplantation.Due to its technical difficulty,ELRA is still concentrated in a few hepatobiliary centers that have experienced surgeons in both liver resection and liver transplantation.The efficacy and safety of this technique has already been demonstrated in the treatment of benign liver diseases,especially in the advanced alveolar echinococcosis.Recently,the application of ELRA for liver malignances has gained more attention.However,standardization of clinical practice norms and international consensus are still lacking.The prognostic impact in these oncologic patients also needs further evaluation.In this review,we summarized the principles and recent progresses on ELRA.展开更多
Objective: The expression of B-cell lymphoma 2(Bcl-2) seems to be influenced by the endocrine environment. Numerous reports demonstrate the diverse expression of Bcl-2 family members under sex steroid regulation. With...Objective: The expression of B-cell lymphoma 2(Bcl-2) seems to be influenced by the endocrine environment. Numerous reports demonstrate the diverse expression of Bcl-2 family members under sex steroid regulation. With the exception of estrogen-related tumors, androgen-related tumors have shown their characteristics in Bcl-2 expression. In this study, the status of Bcl-2 expression in male hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) patients was examined to verify the high incidence of HCC in males.Methods: Tumor tissue microarray was used to examine Bcl-2 expression levels in 374 HCC cases including 306 males and 68 females. Kaplan-Meier method, log-rank test, and Cox proportional hazards model were applied to investigate the predictive value of Bcl-2 in HCC patients.Results: Immunohistochemistry analysis showed that male patients with higher Bcl-2 levels had significantly longer median survival time and recurrence time than those with lower levels. However, no significant differences in outcomes were found between different Bcl-2 levels in female patients. When the male patients were stratified into several age points, the level of Bcl-2expression showed poorer predictive efficiency in the 45–49 and 55–60 age groups in andropause-age patients compared with other age groups. Bcl-2 was an independent prognostic factor for both overall survival(P < 0.0001) and recurrence time(P =0.0001) in male patients. After excluding male patients in the 45–60 age group, the predictive efficiency was enhanced(n = 147,OS, P = 0.0002, TTR, P < 0.0001).Conclusions: Bcl-2 expression is an independent predictor of survival and recurrence in male HCC. Bcl-2 levels may also be regulated by androgens or androgen receptors in male HCC patients. Bcl-2 levels change and exhibit poor predictive efficiency when androgen levels vary dramatically(andropause age).展开更多
The catalytic performance of Pt-based catalysts depends sensitively on their d-band centers.Nevertheless,there are still huge challenges to evaluate their d-band centers from experimental technologies,and modulate the...The catalytic performance of Pt-based catalysts depends sensitively on their d-band centers.Nevertheless,there are still huge challenges to evaluate their d-band centers from experimental technologies,and modulate them to analyze their selectivity in ethanol oxidation reaction(EOR).Here,Pt1Au1alloy supported on the commercial carbon material(Pt_(1)Au_(1)/C)is employed as a typical example to investigate its d-band center shift of surface Pt,and as electrocatalysts to study its selectivity towards EOR.Significantly,a highly reliable in situ Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy CO-probe strategy is developed to characterize the d-band center shift of surface Pt.The modified electronic effect and site effect of Pt_(1)Au_(1)/C dictated the adsorption configuration of intermediate species and the OH species coverage,thereby influencing its selectivity.More importantly,we developed a universal cyclic voltammetry peak differentiation fitting method as an electrochemical analysis technique to investigate CO_(2)selectivity,which is potentially extendable to other Pt-based electrocatalysts.展开更多
Objective：To evaluate the technical characteristics and application of mass casualty incident （MCI） primary triage （PT） methods applied in China.Data Sources：Chinese literature was searched by Chinese Academic J...Objective：To evaluate the technical characteristics and application of mass casualty incident （MCI） primary triage （PT） methods applied in China.Data Sources：Chinese literature was searched by Chinese Academic Journal Network Publishing Database （founded in June 2014）.The English literature was searched by PubMed （MEDLINE） （1950 to June 2014）.We also searched Official Websites of Chinese Central Government＇s （http：//www.gov.cn/）,National Health and Family Planning Commission of China （http：//www.nhfpc.gov.cn/）,and China Earthquake Information （http：//www.csi.ac.cn/）.Study Selection：We included studies associated with mass casualty events related to China,the PT applied in China,guidelines and standards,and application and development of the carding PT method in China.Results：From 3976 potentially relevant articles,22 met the inclusion criteria,20 Chinese,and 2 English.These articles included 13 case reports,3 retrospective analyses of MCI,two methods introductions,three national or sectoral criteria,and one simulated field testing and validation.There were a total of 19 kinds ofMCI PT methods that have been reported in China from 1950 to 2014.In addition,there were 15 kinds of PT methods reported in the literature from the instance of the application.Conclusions：The national and sectoral current triage criteria are developed mainly for earthquake relief.Classification is not clear.Vague criteria （especially between moderate and severe injuries） operability are not practical.There are no triage methods and research for children and special populations.There is no data and evidence supported triage method.We should revise our existing classification and criteria so it is clearer and easier to be grasped in order to build a real,practical,and efficient PT method.展开更多
文摘Hepatectomy is still the major curative treatment for patients with liver malignancies.However,it is still a big challenge to remove the tumors in the central posterior area,especially if their location involves the retrohepatic inferior vena cava and hepatic veins.Ex vivo liver resection and auto-transplantation(ELRA),a hybrid technique of the traditional liver resection and transplantation,has brought new hope to these patients and therefore becomes a valid alternative to liver transplantation.Due to its technical difficulty,ELRA is still concentrated in a few hepatobiliary centers that have experienced surgeons in both liver resection and liver transplantation.The efficacy and safety of this technique has already been demonstrated in the treatment of benign liver diseases,especially in the advanced alveolar echinococcosis.Recently,the application of ELRA for liver malignances has gained more attention.However,standardization of clinical practice norms and international consensus are still lacking.The prognostic impact in these oncologic patients also needs further evaluation.In this review,we summarized the principles and recent progresses on ELRA.
文摘Objective: The expression of B-cell lymphoma 2(Bcl-2) seems to be influenced by the endocrine environment. Numerous reports demonstrate the diverse expression of Bcl-2 family members under sex steroid regulation. With the exception of estrogen-related tumors, androgen-related tumors have shown their characteristics in Bcl-2 expression. In this study, the status of Bcl-2 expression in male hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) patients was examined to verify the high incidence of HCC in males.Methods: Tumor tissue microarray was used to examine Bcl-2 expression levels in 374 HCC cases including 306 males and 68 females. Kaplan-Meier method, log-rank test, and Cox proportional hazards model were applied to investigate the predictive value of Bcl-2 in HCC patients.Results: Immunohistochemistry analysis showed that male patients with higher Bcl-2 levels had significantly longer median survival time and recurrence time than those with lower levels. However, no significant differences in outcomes were found between different Bcl-2 levels in female patients. When the male patients were stratified into several age points, the level of Bcl-2expression showed poorer predictive efficiency in the 45–49 and 55–60 age groups in andropause-age patients compared with other age groups. Bcl-2 was an independent prognostic factor for both overall survival(P < 0.0001) and recurrence time(P =0.0001) in male patients. After excluding male patients in the 45–60 age group, the predictive efficiency was enhanced(n = 147,OS, P = 0.0002, TTR, P < 0.0001).Conclusions: Bcl-2 expression is an independent predictor of survival and recurrence in male HCC. Bcl-2 levels may also be regulated by androgens or androgen receptors in male HCC patients. Bcl-2 levels change and exhibit poor predictive efficiency when androgen levels vary dramatically(andropause age).
基金granted by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22172134,22288102,22279011)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2022CDJXY-003)。
文摘The catalytic performance of Pt-based catalysts depends sensitively on their d-band centers.Nevertheless,there are still huge challenges to evaluate their d-band centers from experimental technologies,and modulate them to analyze their selectivity in ethanol oxidation reaction(EOR).Here,Pt1Au1alloy supported on the commercial carbon material(Pt_(1)Au_(1)/C)is employed as a typical example to investigate its d-band center shift of surface Pt,and as electrocatalysts to study its selectivity towards EOR.Significantly,a highly reliable in situ Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy CO-probe strategy is developed to characterize the d-band center shift of surface Pt.The modified electronic effect and site effect of Pt_(1)Au_(1)/C dictated the adsorption configuration of intermediate species and the OH species coverage,thereby influencing its selectivity.More importantly,we developed a universal cyclic voltammetry peak differentiation fitting method as an electrochemical analysis technique to investigate CO_(2)selectivity,which is potentially extendable to other Pt-based electrocatalysts.
文摘Objective：To evaluate the technical characteristics and application of mass casualty incident （MCI） primary triage （PT） methods applied in China.Data Sources：Chinese literature was searched by Chinese Academic Journal Network Publishing Database （founded in June 2014）.The English literature was searched by PubMed （MEDLINE） （1950 to June 2014）.We also searched Official Websites of Chinese Central Government＇s （http：//www.gov.cn/）,National Health and Family Planning Commission of China （http：//www.nhfpc.gov.cn/）,and China Earthquake Information （http：//www.csi.ac.cn/）.Study Selection：We included studies associated with mass casualty events related to China,the PT applied in China,guidelines and standards,and application and development of the carding PT method in China.Results：From 3976 potentially relevant articles,22 met the inclusion criteria,20 Chinese,and 2 English.These articles included 13 case reports,3 retrospective analyses of MCI,two methods introductions,three national or sectoral criteria,and one simulated field testing and validation.There were a total of 19 kinds ofMCI PT methods that have been reported in China from 1950 to 2014.In addition,there were 15 kinds of PT methods reported in the literature from the instance of the application.Conclusions：The national and sectoral current triage criteria are developed mainly for earthquake relief.Classification is not clear.Vague criteria （especially between moderate and severe injuries） operability are not practical.There are no triage methods and research for children and special populations.There is no data and evidence supported triage method.We should revise our existing classification and criteria so it is clearer and easier to be grasped in order to build a real,practical,and efficient PT method.
