A series of polymer blends were prepared from 1,3-bis（3,4-dicyanophenoxy）benzene（3 BOCN） and epoxy resin with methyl tetrahydrophthalic anhydride as curing agent. The curing behavior and curing kinetics of the ble...A series of polymer blends were prepared from 1,3-bis（3,4-dicyanophenoxy）benzene（3 BOCN） and epoxy resin with methyl tetrahydrophthalic anhydride as curing agent. The curing behavior and curing kinetics of the blends were studied by differential scanning calorimetry. The apparent activation energy of the blends with various contents of 3 BOCN was higher than that of the blends without 3 BOCN. A model experiment suggested that there is no obvious reaction between phthalonitrile and epoxy. The thermal and mechanical properties of the polymer blends were evaluated. The polymer blends exhibit high storage modulus and char yield compared with the neat epoxy. The polymer blends show ductile fracture morphology by scanning electron microscopy（SEM） images.展开更多
The incidence of sepsis is increasing over time, along with an increased risk of dying from the condition. Sepsis care costs billions annually in the United States. Death from sepsis is understood to be a complex proc...The incidence of sepsis is increasing over time, along with an increased risk of dying from the condition. Sepsis care costs billions annually in the United States. Death from sepsis is understood to be a complex process, driven by a lack of normal immune homeostatic functions and excessive production of proinflammatory cytokines, which leads to multi-organ failure. The Toll-like receptor(TLR) family, one of whose members was initially discovered in Drosophila, performs an important role in the recognition of microbial pathogens. These pattern recognition receptors(PRRs), upon sensing invading microorganisms, activate intracellular signal transduction pathways. NOD signaling is also involved in the recognition of bacteria and acts synergistically with the TLR family in initiating an efficient immune response for the eradication of invading microbial pathogens. TLRs and NOD1/NOD2 respond to different pathogenassociated molecular patterns(PAMPs). Modulation of both TLR and NOD signaling is an area of research that has prompted much excitement and debate as a therapeutic strategy in the management of sepsis. Molecules targeting TLR and NOD signaling pathways exist but regrettably thus far none have proven efficacy from clinical trials.展开更多
Hydroxy-containing low molecular weight poly（2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide）（r PPO） and self-promoted hydroxycontaining phthalonitrile（HPPH） were prepared by redistribution reaction and the simple nucleophilic...Hydroxy-containing low molecular weight poly（2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide）（r PPO） and self-promoted hydroxycontaining phthalonitrile（HPPH） were prepared by redistribution reaction and the simple nucleophilic displacement of a nitro-substituent from 4-nitrophthalonitrile in a dipolar aprotic solvent respectively. The hydroxy-containing phthalonitriles modified by r PPO were prepared by mechanical blending without compatibilizer, followed by heating. The curing behavior was studied using dynamic rheological analysis, and the results showed that the r PPO-modified phthalonitrile exhibited a large processing window（over-67 °C） and complex viscosity（0.18-0.8 Pa·s） at moderate temperatures. After curing at 300 °C, the resulting polymers showed good thermal stability and high modulus as observed by thermogravimetric analysis（TGA） and dynamic mechanical analysis（DMA）. The dielectric properties and the morphology of r PPO-modified phthalonitrile networks were studied by dielectric analysis and field-emission scanning electron microscopy（SEM）.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51203098 and 51173114)
文摘A series of polymer blends were prepared from 1,3-bis（3,4-dicyanophenoxy）benzene（3 BOCN） and epoxy resin with methyl tetrahydrophthalic anhydride as curing agent. The curing behavior and curing kinetics of the blends were studied by differential scanning calorimetry. The apparent activation energy of the blends with various contents of 3 BOCN was higher than that of the blends without 3 BOCN. A model experiment suggested that there is no obvious reaction between phthalonitrile and epoxy. The thermal and mechanical properties of the polymer blends were evaluated. The polymer blends exhibit high storage modulus and char yield compared with the neat epoxy. The polymer blends show ductile fracture morphology by scanning electron microscopy（SEM） images.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant 81420108022)Jiangsu Province Program of Innovative and Entrepreneurial Talents (2011 – 2014)
文摘The incidence of sepsis is increasing over time, along with an increased risk of dying from the condition. Sepsis care costs billions annually in the United States. Death from sepsis is understood to be a complex process, driven by a lack of normal immune homeostatic functions and excessive production of proinflammatory cytokines, which leads to multi-organ failure. The Toll-like receptor(TLR) family, one of whose members was initially discovered in Drosophila, performs an important role in the recognition of microbial pathogens. These pattern recognition receptors(PRRs), upon sensing invading microorganisms, activate intracellular signal transduction pathways. NOD signaling is also involved in the recognition of bacteria and acts synergistically with the TLR family in initiating an efficient immune response for the eradication of invading microbial pathogens. TLRs and NOD1/NOD2 respond to different pathogenassociated molecular patterns(PAMPs). Modulation of both TLR and NOD signaling is an area of research that has prompted much excitement and debate as a therapeutic strategy in the management of sepsis. Molecules targeting TLR and NOD signaling pathways exist but regrettably thus far none have proven efficacy from clinical trials.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51203098 and 51173114)
文摘Hydroxy-containing low molecular weight poly（2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide）（r PPO） and self-promoted hydroxycontaining phthalonitrile（HPPH） were prepared by redistribution reaction and the simple nucleophilic displacement of a nitro-substituent from 4-nitrophthalonitrile in a dipolar aprotic solvent respectively. The hydroxy-containing phthalonitriles modified by r PPO were prepared by mechanical blending without compatibilizer, followed by heating. The curing behavior was studied using dynamic rheological analysis, and the results showed that the r PPO-modified phthalonitrile exhibited a large processing window（over-67 °C） and complex viscosity（0.18-0.8 Pa·s） at moderate temperatures. After curing at 300 °C, the resulting polymers showed good thermal stability and high modulus as observed by thermogravimetric analysis（TGA） and dynamic mechanical analysis（DMA）. The dielectric properties and the morphology of r PPO-modified phthalonitrile networks were studied by dielectric analysis and field-emission scanning electron microscopy（SEM）.
