The main aim of this research was the experimental study at lab scale to check the absorption technology for the in situ removal of H2S from biogas during anaerobic digestion process. The reagent FeCl3 was used to che...The main aim of this research was the experimental study at lab scale to check the absorption technology for the in situ removal of H2S from biogas during anaerobic digestion process. The reagent FeCl3 was used to check the removal efficiency of H2S produced from dairy manure during anaerobic bioconversion process. The experiments were conducted under mesophilic conditions. The composition of biogas was analyzed by gas chromatography analyzer equipped with flame photometer and thermal conductivity detectors. Experimental results under the same conditions demonstrate that high concentration of H2S in the form of FeS can be removed totally from the biogas using FeCl3 dosing with in anaerobic batch digester.展开更多
AIM: To review the published literature concerning the accuracy of faecal inflammatory markers for identifying mucosal healing. METHODS: Bibliographical searches were performed in MEDLINE electronic database up to Feb...AIM: To review the published literature concerning the accuracy of faecal inflammatory markers for identifying mucosal healing. METHODS: Bibliographical searches were performed in MEDLINE electronic database up to February 2015,using the following terms: "inflammatory bowel disease","Crohn′s disease","ulcerative colitis","faecal markers","calprotectin","lactoferrin","S100A12","endoscop*","mucosal healing","remission". In addition,relevant references from these studies were also included. Data were extracted from the published papers including odds ratios with 95%CI,P values and correlation coefficients. Data were grouped together according to each faecal marker,Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis,and paediatric compared with adult study populations. Studies included in this review assessed mucosal inflammation by endoscopic and/or histological means and compared these findings to faecal marker concentrations in inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD) patient cohorts. Articles had to be published between 1990 and February 2015 and written in English. Papers excluded from the review were those where the faecal biomarker concentration was compared between patients with IBD and controls or other disease groups,those where serum biomarkers were used,those with a heterogeneous study population and those only assessing post-operative disease. RESULTS: The available studies show that faecal markers,such as calprotectin and lactoferrin,are promising non-invasive indicators of mucosal healing. However,due to wide variability in study design,especially with regard to the definition of mucosal healing and evaluation of marker cut offs,the available data do not yet indicate the optimal roles of these markers. Thirty-six studies published between 1990 and 2014 were included. Studies comprised variable numbers of study participants,considered CD(15-164 participants) or UC(12-152 participants) separately or as a combined group(11-252 participants). Eight reports included paediatric patients. Several indices were used to document mu展开更多
Awareness of suspended sediment load (SSL) and its continuous monitoring plays an important role in soil erosion studies and watershed management.Despite the common use of the conventional model of the sediment rating...Awareness of suspended sediment load (SSL) and its continuous monitoring plays an important role in soil erosion studies and watershed management.Despite the common use of the conventional model of the sediment rating curve (SRC) and the methods proposed to correct it,the results of this model are still not sufficiently accurate.In this study,in order to increase the efficiency of SRC model,a multi-objective optimization approach is proposed using the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm Ⅱ (NSGA-Ⅱ) algorithm.The instantaneous flow discharge and SSL data from the Ramian hydrometric station on the Ghorichay River,Iran are used as a case study.In the first part of the study,using self-organizing map (SOM),an unsupervised artificial neural network,the data were clustered and classified as two homogeneous groups as 70% and 30% for use in calibration and evaluation of SRC models,respectively.In the second part of the study,two different groups of SRC model comprised of conventional SRC models and optimized models (single and multi-objective optimization algorithms) were extracted from calibration data set and their performance was evaluated.The comparative analysis of the results revealed that the optimal SRC model achieved through NSGA-Ⅱ algorithm was superior to the SRC models in the daily SSL estimation for the data used in this study.Given that the use of the SRC model is common,the proposed model in this study can increase the efficiency of this regression model.展开更多
The reactive intermediate generated by the addition of alkyl isocyanides to dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylate was trapped by 6- quinolinol to produce highlyfunctionalized 4H-chromenes in fairly good yields.
BACKGROUND:Atrial fibrilation(AF) is the most common complication following heart surgeries;it often occurs in patients after coronary artery bypass graft(CABG).The purpose of this review is to categorize prophylaxes ...BACKGROUND:Atrial fibrilation(AF) is the most common complication following heart surgeries;it often occurs in patients after coronary artery bypass graft(CABG).The purpose of this review is to categorize prophylaxes or treatment by administration of Amiodaron in patients with CABG.DATA RESOURCES:We searched google scholar,pubmed,and Cochrane Library databases(the period 1970-2010) for articles on Amiodaron in CABG and cardiac surgery.A total of 1 561 articles were identified,and 30 articles met the criteria and were enrolled in this review.RESULTS:Most studies supported Amiodarone for prophylaxi purpose in patients who were performed with CABG;few papers supported Amiodaron as a drug for treating CABG.The prophylaxis can decrease the incidence rate of AF in CABG,but if it uses as a treatment,the side effect of Amiodaron will decrease because all of the patients will not get Amiodarone.In the other hand use of Amiodarone as a treatment does not influence the length of hospital stay significantly but these kinds of study are so few.CONCLUSION:No appropriate therapeutic method has been defined for AF.At present,the common way of treating AF following cardiac surgery is mainly based on prophylaxis in medical books and references.展开更多
The relationship between spatial patterns of macrobenthos community characteristics and environmental conditions（salinity, temperature, dissolved oxygen, organic matter content, sand, silt and clay） was investigated...The relationship between spatial patterns of macrobenthos community characteristics and environmental conditions（salinity, temperature, dissolved oxygen, organic matter content, sand, silt and clay） was investigated throughout the Gorgan Bay in June 2010. Principal components analysis（PCA） based on environmental data separated eastern and western stations. The maximum（4 500 ind./m2） and minimum（411 ind./m2） densities were observed at Stas 1 and 6, respectively. Polychaeta was the major group and Streblospio gynobranchiata was dominant species in the bay. According to Distance Based Linear Models results, macrofaunal total density was correlated with silt percentage and salinity and these two factors explaining 64% of the variability while macrofaunal community structure just correlated with salinity（22% total variation）. In general, western part of the bay showed the highest number of species and biodiversity while, the highest density was found at Sta. 1 and in the middle part of the bay. Furthermore, relationship between diversity indices and macrobenthic species with measured factors is also discussed. Our results confirm the effect of salinity as an important factor on distribution of macrobenthic fauna in south Caspian brackish waters.展开更多
J.R.Smit#5 of the Denver Nuggets goes up for adunk against Gary Neal #14 of the San Antonio Spurson December 16,2010 at the Pepsi Center in Denver.Colorado.马刺队后卫尼尔(Gary Neal)只是个第一年打NBA的菜鸟,不过球技到...J.R.Smit#5 of the Denver Nuggets goes up for adunk against Gary Neal #14 of the San Antonio Spurson December 16,2010 at the Pepsi Center in Denver.Colorado.马刺队后卫尼尔(Gary Neal)只是个第一年打NBA的菜鸟,不过球技到目前为止还算是有不错的表现,也在这期"ONE ON ONE"单元中获得了版面亮相,让更多球迷知道他的名字是叫尼尔,而不是"奥尼尔(Oh!Neal)"。12月16日掘金在主场迎战马刺,第一节就攻下37分,包括J.R.展开更多
你觉得爬到101顶楼,要花多久时间?我没爬过,所以我不知道正确答案,不过如果你问麦格雷迪(Tracy McG rady),他可能会告诉你"只要一秒钟"。比搭电梯还快。别说我唬滥,T-Mac是真的去过中国台北101,在2005年9月来台参加活动前的空...你觉得爬到101顶楼,要花多久时间?我没爬过,所以我不知道正确答案,不过如果你问麦格雷迪(Tracy McG rady),他可能会告诉你"只要一秒钟"。比搭电梯还快。别说我唬滥,T-Mac是真的去过中国台北101,在2005年9月来台参加活动前的空当,特地要求工作人员带他上这个当时是全球最高的建筑物参观。别说我又唬滥,也就在那几个月之前,T-Mac其实已经先体验过爬上101顶端是怎样的感觉。展开更多
Josh Smith #5 of the Atlanta Hawks dunksagainst Joel Anthony #50 of the Miami Heaton January 18,2011 at American AirlinesArena in Miami,Florida.其实对于J.史密斯(Josh Smith)再度(不意外的)成为明星赛遗珠,我们不想多说什么...Josh Smith #5 of the Atlanta Hawks dunksagainst Joel Anthony #50 of the Miami Heaton January 18,2011 at American AirlinesArena in Miami,Florida.其实对于J.史密斯(Josh Smith)再度(不意外的)成为明星赛遗珠,我们不想多说什么,这张照片或许可以代表我们的心声:"哇咧DUNK YOU VERYMUCH啦!"展开更多
Corey Brewer #22 of the Minnesota Timberwolves goes up for a dunk against Derek Fisher #2 of the Los Angeles Lakers at Staples Center on December 11,2009.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing （8062023）. The authors wish to express their gratitude to Li Rongping, Khurram Shehzad, and Quratul Aian for their valuable suggestions, technical assistance, and moral support.
文摘The main aim of this research was the experimental study at lab scale to check the absorption technology for the in situ removal of H2S from biogas during anaerobic digestion process. The reagent FeCl3 was used to check the removal efficiency of H2S produced from dairy manure during anaerobic bioconversion process. The experiments were conducted under mesophilic conditions. The composition of biogas was analyzed by gas chromatography analyzer equipped with flame photometer and thermal conductivity detectors. Experimental results under the same conditions demonstrate that high concentration of H2S in the form of FeS can be removed totally from the biogas using FeCl3 dosing with in anaerobic batch digester.
文摘AIM: To review the published literature concerning the accuracy of faecal inflammatory markers for identifying mucosal healing. METHODS: Bibliographical searches were performed in MEDLINE electronic database up to February 2015,using the following terms: "inflammatory bowel disease","Crohn′s disease","ulcerative colitis","faecal markers","calprotectin","lactoferrin","S100A12","endoscop*","mucosal healing","remission". In addition,relevant references from these studies were also included. Data were extracted from the published papers including odds ratios with 95%CI,P values and correlation coefficients. Data were grouped together according to each faecal marker,Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis,and paediatric compared with adult study populations. Studies included in this review assessed mucosal inflammation by endoscopic and/or histological means and compared these findings to faecal marker concentrations in inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD) patient cohorts. Articles had to be published between 1990 and February 2015 and written in English. Papers excluded from the review were those where the faecal biomarker concentration was compared between patients with IBD and controls or other disease groups,those where serum biomarkers were used,those with a heterogeneous study population and those only assessing post-operative disease. RESULTS: The available studies show that faecal markers,such as calprotectin and lactoferrin,are promising non-invasive indicators of mucosal healing. However,due to wide variability in study design,especially with regard to the definition of mucosal healing and evaluation of marker cut offs,the available data do not yet indicate the optimal roles of these markers. Thirty-six studies published between 1990 and 2014 were included. Studies comprised variable numbers of study participants,considered CD(15-164 participants) or UC(12-152 participants) separately or as a combined group(11-252 participants). Eight reports included paediatric patients. Several indices were used to document mu
文摘Awareness of suspended sediment load (SSL) and its continuous monitoring plays an important role in soil erosion studies and watershed management.Despite the common use of the conventional model of the sediment rating curve (SRC) and the methods proposed to correct it,the results of this model are still not sufficiently accurate.In this study,in order to increase the efficiency of SRC model,a multi-objective optimization approach is proposed using the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm Ⅱ (NSGA-Ⅱ) algorithm.The instantaneous flow discharge and SSL data from the Ramian hydrometric station on the Ghorichay River,Iran are used as a case study.In the first part of the study,using self-organizing map (SOM),an unsupervised artificial neural network,the data were clustered and classified as two homogeneous groups as 70% and 30% for use in calibration and evaluation of SRC models,respectively.In the second part of the study,two different groups of SRC model comprised of conventional SRC models and optimized models (single and multi-objective optimization algorithms) were extracted from calibration data set and their performance was evaluated.The comparative analysis of the results revealed that the optimal SRC model achieved through NSGA-Ⅱ algorithm was superior to the SRC models in the daily SSL estimation for the data used in this study.Given that the use of the SRC model is common,the proposed model in this study can increase the efficiency of this regression model.
文摘The reactive intermediate generated by the addition of alkyl isocyanides to dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylate was trapped by 6- quinolinol to produce highlyfunctionalized 4H-chromenes in fairly good yields.
文摘BACKGROUND:Atrial fibrilation(AF) is the most common complication following heart surgeries;it often occurs in patients after coronary artery bypass graft(CABG).The purpose of this review is to categorize prophylaxes or treatment by administration of Amiodaron in patients with CABG.DATA RESOURCES:We searched google scholar,pubmed,and Cochrane Library databases(the period 1970-2010) for articles on Amiodaron in CABG and cardiac surgery.A total of 1 561 articles were identified,and 30 articles met the criteria and were enrolled in this review.RESULTS:Most studies supported Amiodarone for prophylaxi purpose in patients who were performed with CABG;few papers supported Amiodaron as a drug for treating CABG.The prophylaxis can decrease the incidence rate of AF in CABG,but if it uses as a treatment,the side effect of Amiodaron will decrease because all of the patients will not get Amiodarone.In the other hand use of Amiodarone as a treatment does not influence the length of hospital stay significantly but these kinds of study are so few.CONCLUSION:No appropriate therapeutic method has been defined for AF.At present,the common way of treating AF following cardiac surgery is mainly based on prophylaxis in medical books and references.
基金financially supported by the Iranian National Institute for Oceanography(INIO)
文摘The relationship between spatial patterns of macrobenthos community characteristics and environmental conditions（salinity, temperature, dissolved oxygen, organic matter content, sand, silt and clay） was investigated throughout the Gorgan Bay in June 2010. Principal components analysis（PCA） based on environmental data separated eastern and western stations. The maximum（4 500 ind./m2） and minimum（411 ind./m2） densities were observed at Stas 1 and 6, respectively. Polychaeta was the major group and Streblospio gynobranchiata was dominant species in the bay. According to Distance Based Linear Models results, macrofaunal total density was correlated with silt percentage and salinity and these two factors explaining 64% of the variability while macrofaunal community structure just correlated with salinity（22% total variation）. In general, western part of the bay showed the highest number of species and biodiversity while, the highest density was found at Sta. 1 and in the middle part of the bay. Furthermore, relationship between diversity indices and macrobenthic species with measured factors is also discussed. Our results confirm the effect of salinity as an important factor on distribution of macrobenthic fauna in south Caspian brackish waters.
文摘J.R.Smit#5 of the Denver Nuggets goes up for adunk against Gary Neal #14 of the San Antonio Spurson December 16,2010 at the Pepsi Center in Denver.Colorado.马刺队后卫尼尔(Gary Neal)只是个第一年打NBA的菜鸟,不过球技到目前为止还算是有不错的表现,也在这期"ONE ON ONE"单元中获得了版面亮相,让更多球迷知道他的名字是叫尼尔,而不是"奥尼尔(Oh!Neal)"。12月16日掘金在主场迎战马刺,第一节就攻下37分,包括J.R.
文摘你觉得爬到101顶楼,要花多久时间?我没爬过,所以我不知道正确答案,不过如果你问麦格雷迪(Tracy McG rady),他可能会告诉你"只要一秒钟"。比搭电梯还快。别说我唬滥,T-Mac是真的去过中国台北101,在2005年9月来台参加活动前的空当,特地要求工作人员带他上这个当时是全球最高的建筑物参观。别说我又唬滥,也就在那几个月之前,T-Mac其实已经先体验过爬上101顶端是怎样的感觉。
文摘Josh Smith #5 of the Atlanta Hawks dunksagainst Joel Anthony #50 of the Miami Heaton January 18,2011 at American AirlinesArena in Miami,Florida.其实对于J.史密斯(Josh Smith)再度(不意外的)成为明星赛遗珠,我们不想多说什么,这张照片或许可以代表我们的心声:"哇咧DUNK YOU VERYMUCH啦!"
文摘Corey Brewer #22 of the Minnesota Timberwolves goes up for a dunk against Derek Fisher #2 of the Los Angeles Lakers at Staples Center on December 11,2009.
