研究背景：1998年术后放疗（ post operative radiotherapy, PORT ）的meta分析表明术后放疗相关死亡率风险增加21％，术后放疗的作用一直是探讨的热点。PORT对于pN0和pN1患者显示出较差的生存率，而对于Ⅲ期和pN2的患者仅轻微提高生存...研究背景：1998年术后放疗（ post operative radiotherapy, PORT ）的meta分析表明术后放疗相关死亡率风险增加21％，术后放疗的作用一直是探讨的热点。PORT对于pN0和pN1患者显示出较差的生存率，而对于Ⅲ期和pN2的患者仅轻微提高生存率。通过对术后放疗研究，辅助放疗的作用地位明显下降，随之出现的其他变化如顺铂的使用增加。展开更多
AIM To observe the drug sensitizing effect andrelated mechanisms of fas gene transduction onhuman drug-resistant gastric cancer cellSGC7901/VCR(resistant to Vincristine).METHODS The cell cycle alteration wasobserved b...AIM To observe the drug sensitizing effect andrelated mechanisms of fas gene transduction onhuman drug-resistant gastric cancer cellSGC7901/VCR(resistant to Vincristine).METHODS The cell cycle alteration wasobserved by FACS.The sensitivity of gastriccancer cells to apoptosis was determined by invitro apoptosis assay.The drug sensitization ofcells to several anti-tumor drugs was observedby MTT assay.Immunochemical method wasused to show expression of P-gp and Topo Ⅱ ingastric cancer cells.RESULTS Comparing to SGC7901 and pBK-SGC7901/VCR,fas-SGC7901/VCR showeddecreasing G2 cells and increasing S cells,theG2 phase fraction of pBK-SGC7901/VCR wasabout 3.0 times that of fas-SGC7901/VCR,but Sphase fraction of fas-SGC7901/VCR was about1.9 times that of pBK-SGC7901/VCR,indicatingS phase arrest of fas-SGC7901/VCR.FACS alsosuggested apoptosis of fas-SGC7901/VCR,fas-SGC7901/VCR was more sensitive to apoptosisinducing agent VM-26 than pBK-SGC7901/VCR.MTT assay showed increased sensitization offas-SGC7901/VCR to DDP,MMC and 5-FU,butsame sensitization to VCR according to pBK-SGC7901/VCR.SGC7901,pBK-SGC7901/ VCRand fas-SGC7901/VCR had positively stainedTopo Ⅱ equally.P-gp staining in pBK- SGC7901/VCR was stronger than in SG07901,but there was little staining of P-gp in fas.SGC7901/VCR.CONCLUSION fas gene transduction couldreverse the MDR of human drug-resistant gastriccancer cell SGC7901/VCR to a degree,possiblybecause of higher sensitization to apoptosis anddecreased expression of P-gp.展开更多
AIM： To determine the effect of oral erythromycin on gastric and small bowel transit time of capsule endoscopy. METHODS： Consecutive patients who underwent capsule endoscopy during the 16-mo study period were either...AIM： To determine the effect of oral erythromycin on gastric and small bowel transit time of capsule endoscopy. METHODS： Consecutive patients who underwent capsule endoscopy during the 16-mo study period were either given 250 mg oral erythromycin, 1 h prior to swallowing the capsule endoscope or nothing. The gastric and small bowel transit time, and the small bowel image quality were compared. RESULTS： Twenty-four patients received oral erythromycin whereas 14 patients were not given any prokinetic agent. Patients who received erythromycin had a significantly lower gastric transit time than control （16 min vs70 min, P= 0.005）, whereas the small bowel transit time was comparable between the two groups （227 rain vs 183 min, P= 0.18）. Incomplete small bowel examination was found in three patients of the control group and in one patient of the erythromycin group. There was no significant difference in the overall quality of small bowel images between the two groups. A marked reduction in gastric transit time was noted in two patients who had repeat capsule endoscopy after oral erythromycin. CONCLUSION： Use of oral erythromycin significantly reduces the gastric transit time of capsule endoscopy.展开更多
INTRODUCTION Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection is one ofthe main pathogens of chronic gastritis and duodenalulcer(DU),and it may be considered as a riskfactor in the incidence of gastric cancer.H.pylori infection...INTRODUCTION Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection is one ofthe main pathogens of chronic gastritis and duodenalulcer(DU),and it may be considered as a riskfactor in the incidence of gastric cancer.H.pylori infection may lead to the anomaly of gastricepithelial cell proliferation which is closely relatedto the development of gastric cancer.Vacuolatingcytotoxin(VacA)is an important virulence andvacA subtype determines the toxic activity.According to its signal sequence,it can be groupedinto type sla,slb,slc and s2.Strains harboringvacAsla are more closely related with digestivediseases and may be the strains with high toxicity.The effect of H.pylori infection on展开更多
AIM:To investigate the key factors in developing the trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid(TNBS)-induced postinflammatory irritable bowel syndrome(PI-IBS)model in rats. METHODS:TNBS was administered to rats at the following c...AIM:To investigate the key factors in developing the trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid(TNBS)-induced postinflammatory irritable bowel syndrome(PI-IBS)model in rats. METHODS:TNBS was administered to rats at the following conditions:(1)with different doses(20,10,5 mg/0.8 mL per rat);(2)with same dose in different concentrations(20 mg/rat,25,50 mg/mL);(3)in different ethanol percentage(25%,50%);and(4)at depth either 4 cm or 8 cm from anus.At 5 d and 4 wk after TNBS administration,inflammation severity and inflammation resolution were evaluated.At 4 and 8 wk after TNBS application,visceral hyperalgesia and enterochromaffin(EC)cell hyperplasia were assayed by abdominal withdrawal reflex test,silver staining and capillary electrophoresis. RESULTS:Our results showed that:(1)TNBS induced dose-dependent acute inflammation and inflammation resolution.At 5 d post TNBS,the pathological score and myeloperoxidase(MPO)activity in all TNBS treated rats were significantly elevated compared to that of the control(9.48±1.86,8.18±0.67,5.78± 0.77 vs 0,and 3.55±1.11,1.80±0.82,0.97±0.08 unit/mg vs 0.14±0.01 unit/mg,P<0.05).At 4 wk post TNBS,the pathological score in high and median dose TNBS-treated rats were still significantly higher than that of the control(1.52±0.38 and 0.80±0.35 vs 0,P<0.05);(2)Intracolonic TNBS administration position affected the persistence of visceral hyperalgesia.At 4 wk post TNBS,abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR)threshold pressure in all TNBS-treated groups were decreased compared to that of the control(21.52 ±1.73 and 27.10±1.94 mmHg vs 34.44±1.89 mmHg,P<0.05).At 8 wk post TNBS,AWR threshold pressure in 8 cm administration group was still significantly decreased(23.33±1.33 mmHg vs 36.79±2.29 mmHg,P<0.05);(3)Ethanol percentage affected the TNBS-induced inflammation severity and visceral hyperalgesia.In TNBS-25%ethanol-treated group,the pathological score and MPO activity were significantly lowered compared to that of the TNBS-50%ethanoltreated group,while AWR threshold pressure were significantly e展开更多
INTRODUCTIONThere is abundant evidence that stressful insults suchas acute pancreatitis may significantly alter themetabolism of the gut mucosa and therefore itsbarrier integrity,resulting in an increase in mucosalper...INTRODUCTIONThere is abundant evidence that stressful insults suchas acute pancreatitis may significantly alter themetabolism of the gut mucosa and therefore itsbarrier integrity,resulting in an increase in mucosalpermeability and subsequent translocation of entericbacteria and their cndotoxins.The fact thatmost bacteria associated with acute pancreatic andperipancreatic infections are of enteric originimplies that the gut plays a major role in展开更多
背景单病例随机对照试验是评价中医药干预措施有效性和安全性较为理想和适宜的方法之一。目前已有一定数量的中医药单病例随机对照试验发表。然而,由于缺乏相应的报告规范,这些试验的报告质量普遍较差。鉴于中医药临床研究的独特性,工...背景单病例随机对照试验是评价中医药干预措施有效性和安全性较为理想和适宜的方法之一。目前已有一定数量的中医药单病例随机对照试验发表。然而,由于缺乏相应的报告规范,这些试验的报告质量普遍较差。鉴于中医药临床研究的独特性,工作组制定了单病例随机对照试验报告标准(CONSORT extension for reporting N-of-1 trials,CENT 2015)的中医药扩展版(中医药CENT),以帮助研究者报告中医药单病例试验。方法我们在提高健康研究质量和透明度协作网(Enhancing the QUAlity and Transparency Of health Research,EQUATOR)上注册了中医药CENT。中医药单病例随机对照试验报告规范的制定是一个综合过程,包括收集初始报告条目,与17名专家小组成员进行两轮科学的德尔菲共识调查,修订和形成最终报告清单。结果清单共包括6个领域的25项条目,其中的8项对CENT 2015清单条目进行了扩展和详细说明。中医药CENT清单充分考虑了中医药的诊疗特点,并详细阐释了中医药单病例随机对照试验中辨证的概念和不同的中医药干预措施。结论中医药CENT是中医临床研究的一个实用工具,可用于评价中医药单病例对照试验报告的完整性,并可指导中医药单病例对照试验的设计、实施和报告,期望此报告规范可切实提高中医药单病例试验的全面性和透明度。展开更多
INTRODUCTIONEsophageal variceal bleeding (EVB) is one of themost common complications of cirrhosis with portalhypertension.In recent years,great progress hasbeen made in medicinal treatment.Somatostatin hasbeen widely...INTRODUCTIONEsophageal variceal bleeding (EVB) is one of themost common complications of cirrhosis with portalhypertension.In recent years,great progress hasbeen made in medicinal treatment.Somatostatin hasbeen widely used in clinics,for it can effectivelylower the portal venous pressure (PVP) with展开更多
INTRODUCTIONAcute pancreatitis in a common and potentially fataldisease which is associated with considerablemorbidity and a mortality rate of approximately30%;its pathogenesis remains unknown.Thecause of death is oft...INTRODUCTIONAcute pancreatitis in a common and potentially fataldisease which is associated with considerablemorbidity and a mortality rate of approximately30%;its pathogenesis remains unknown.Thecause of death is often due to multiple organ展开更多
Viral variation may change pathogenicity, escape immunity, lead to persistence infection, and cause drug resistance against antiviral therapy. This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of HBV gene variation...Viral variation may change pathogenicity, escape immunity, lead to persistence infection, and cause drug resistance against antiviral therapy. This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of HBV gene variation on the progression of disease and on the efficacy of antiviral therapy for patients with chronic hepatitis B(CHB). METHODS:Hepatitis B virus (HBV) gene mutational sites were detected using gene chip in selected hepatitis B patients. RESULTS:In the patients HBeAg did not show serologic conversion or HBeAg(-)/anti-HBe(+), but their HBV DNA remained positive 24 weeks after α-interferon therapy, which was associated with mutations of nt1896, nt1814, nt1762 and nt1764. In the patients, that HBV DNA levels decreased or were undetectable, but rebounded later after antiviral therapy by lamivudine was associated with mutations of aa528 and(or) aa552(i.e.YMDD mutation), which resulted in lamivudine-resistance. YMDD mutation was prone to occur 52 weeks after lamivudine therapy in some chronic hepatitis B patients (26.4%). Nt1896 mutation was common in most chronic hepatitis B patients (68.5%). Chronic severe hepatitis, cirrhosis, and primary liver carcinoma were related to the mutations of nt1896, nt1762 and nt1764. CONCLUSIONS:HBV gene mutations could aggravate patient's condition and affect the efficacy of antiviral therapy. The regular detection of HBV gene mutation is helpful for identification of disease prognosis and adjustment of therapeutic strategy.展开更多
To the Editor:Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)has evolved into a global pandemic,with over 700 million confirmed cases worldwide and still mounting.^([1])The clinical impact of this pandemic is immense,given the wid...To the Editor:Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)has evolved into a global pandemic,with over 700 million confirmed cases worldwide and still mounting.^([1])The clinical impact of this pandemic is immense,given the wide spectrum of disease manifestation,ranging from mild respiratory symptoms to severe pulmonary infections.Identifying high-risk individuals,especially during their initial encounters in clinics and hospital emergency services,is crucial to provide timely effective treatment.Therefore,the timely risk stratification of COVID-19 patients in the emergency room can greatly benefit both infected individuals and healthcare professionals.^([2])This study aims to identify features of serious COVID-19 infection at presentation that may lead to mortality of the patients.展开更多
AIMS To study the pathologic classification of gastric neuroendocrine tumors and its clinicopathologic significance. METHODS Paraffin embedded sections of 52 gastric neuroendocrine tumors including 42 carcinoid tu...AIMS To study the pathologic classification of gastric neuroendocrine tumors and its clinicopathologic significance. METHODS Paraffin embedded sections of 52 gastric neuroendocrine tumors including 42 carcinoid tumors, and 10 cases of neuroendocrine carcinoma from 326 patients who underwent resection of stomach carcinomas were studied by immunohistochemical methods including 10 endocrine markers or hormones antibodies and endocrine cells in gastric neuroendocrine tumors and extratumoral mucosa were observed under electromicroscope. RESULTS The 52 gastric neuroendocrine tumors were divided into three types: ① Gastrin dependent type of carcinoid (26 cases) accompanied by chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) and tumor extension limited to the mucosa or submucosa complicated with hypergastrinemia and G cell hyperplasia. This type was consistently preceded by and associated with generalized proliferation of endocrine cells in the extratomoral fundic mucosa. ② Non gastrin dependent type of carcinoids (16 cases) associated with neither CAG nor hypergastrinemia. This type was more aggressive; and ③ Neuroendocrie carcinomas (10 cases), which are highly aggressive tumors. CONCLUSIONS A correct identification of different types of gastric endocrine tumors has major implications for the treatment and prognosis of the patients.展开更多
INTRODUCTIONIncreasing data has demonstrated that Helicobacterpylori(H.pylori),a spiral gram negativebacterium,colonized in human stomach,can causetype B gastritis,is strongly associated withgastric and duodenal ulcer...INTRODUCTIONIncreasing data has demonstrated that Helicobacterpylori(H.pylori),a spiral gram negativebacterium,colonized in human stomach,can causetype B gastritis,is strongly associated withgastric and duodenal ulceration,and has beenimplicated in the causation of gastric carcinomaand mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue(MALT)lymphomas.It has been reported that there展开更多
A new anthraquinone, Glyceroyl-1,6,8-trihydroxy-3-methyl-9, 10-dioxo-2-anthracene carboxylate I, was isolated from Clinopodium polycephalum. The chemical structure was determined by spectroscopic methods.
A new sesquiterpene, ent-furodysin (1), has been isolated from the South China Sea Sponge Dysidea fragilis, along with a known sesqui-terpene, ent-furodysinin (2). The structure and relative stereochemistry of 1 and 2...A new sesquiterpene, ent-furodysin (1), has been isolated from the South China Sea Sponge Dysidea fragilis, along with a known sesqui-terpene, ent-furodysinin (2). The structure and relative stereochemistry of 1 and 2 were established by spectral analysis.展开更多
Oxygenation constants and thermodynamic parameters DeltaH degrees and DeltaS degrees of cobalt (II) complexes with bis-(furaldehyde) Schiff bases (1, 2, 3, 4)were obtained by mearsuring saturated dioxygen uptake of th...Oxygenation constants and thermodynamic parameters DeltaH degrees and DeltaS degrees of cobalt (II) complexes with bis-(furaldehyde) Schiff bases (1, 2, 3, 4)were obtained by mearsuring saturated dioxygen uptake of these complexes in pyridine at different temperature. These complexes could activate molecular oxygen and were used as catalysts in cyclohexene oxidation. The influence of ligand structure on the dioxygen affinity and catalytic activity of the complexes were discussed.展开更多
Using prostate-specific antigen(PSA)for prostate cancer(PCa)screening led to overinvestigation and overdiagnosis of indolent PCa.We aimed to investigate the value of prostate health index(PHI)and magnetic resonance im...Using prostate-specific antigen(PSA)for prostate cancer(PCa)screening led to overinvestigation and overdiagnosis of indolent PCa.We aimed to investigate the value of prostate health index(PHI)and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)prostate in an Asian PCa screening program.Men aged 50–75 years were prospectively recruited from a community-based PSA screening program.Men with PSA 4.0–10.0 ng ml^(−1) had PHI result analyzed.MRI prostate was offered to men with PSA 4.0–50.0 ng ml−1.A systematic prostate biopsy was offered to men with PSA 4.0–9.9 ng ml^(−1) and PHI≥35,or PSA 10.0–50.0 ng ml^(−1).Additional targeted prostate biopsy was offered if they had PI-RADS score≥3.Clinically significant PCa(csPCa)was defined as the International Society of Urological Pathology(ISUP)grade group(GG)≥2 or ISUP GG 1 with involvement of≥30%of total systematic cores.In total,12.8%(196/1536)men had PSA≥4.0 ng ml^(−1).Among 194 men with PSA 4.0–50.0 ng ml^(−1),187(96.4%)received MRI prostate.Among them,28.3%(53/187)had PI-RADS≥3 lesions.Moreover,7.0%(107/1536)men were indicated for biopsy and 94.4%(101/107)men received biopsy.Among the men received biopsy,PCa,ISUP GG≥2 PCa,and csPCa was diagnosed in 42(41.6%),24(23.8%),and 34(33.7%)men,respectively.Compared with PSA/PHI pathway in men with PSA 4.0–50.0 ng ml^(−1),additional MRI increased diagnoses of PCa,ISUP GG≥2 PCa,and csPCa by 21.2%(from 33 to 40),22.2%(from 18 to 22),and 18.5%(from 27 to 32),respectively.The benefit of additional MRI was only observed in PSA 4.0–10.0 ng ml^(−1),and the number of MRI needed to diagnose one additional ISUP GG≥2 PCa was 20 in PHI≥35 and 94 in PHI<35.Among them,45.4%(89/196)men with PSA≥4.0 ng ml^(−1) avoided unnecessary biopsy with the use of PHI and MRI.A screening algorithm with PSA,PHI,and MRI could effectively diagnose csPCa while reducing unnecessary biopsies.The benefit of MRI prostate was mainly observed in PSA 4.0–9.9 ng ml^(−1) and PHI≥35 group.PHI was an important risk stratification展开更多
文摘研究背景：1998年术后放疗（ post operative radiotherapy, PORT ）的meta分析表明术后放疗相关死亡率风险增加21％，术后放疗的作用一直是探讨的热点。PORT对于pN0和pN1患者显示出较差的生存率，而对于Ⅲ期和pN2的患者仅轻微提高生存率。通过对术后放疗研究，辅助放疗的作用地位明显下降，随之出现的其他变化如顺铂的使用增加。
基金National Natural Science Foundation of Chinese,No.3988007
文摘AIM To observe the drug sensitizing effect andrelated mechanisms of fas gene transduction onhuman drug-resistant gastric cancer cellSGC7901/VCR(resistant to Vincristine).METHODS The cell cycle alteration wasobserved by FACS.The sensitivity of gastriccancer cells to apoptosis was determined by invitro apoptosis assay.The drug sensitization ofcells to several anti-tumor drugs was observedby MTT assay.Immunochemical method wasused to show expression of P-gp and Topo Ⅱ ingastric cancer cells.RESULTS Comparing to SGC7901 and pBK-SGC7901/VCR,fas-SGC7901/VCR showeddecreasing G2 cells and increasing S cells,theG2 phase fraction of pBK-SGC7901/VCR wasabout 3.0 times that of fas-SGC7901/VCR,but Sphase fraction of fas-SGC7901/VCR was about1.9 times that of pBK-SGC7901/VCR,indicatingS phase arrest of fas-SGC7901/VCR.FACS alsosuggested apoptosis of fas-SGC7901/VCR,fas-SGC7901/VCR was more sensitive to apoptosisinducing agent VM-26 than pBK-SGC7901/VCR.MTT assay showed increased sensitization offas-SGC7901/VCR to DDP,MMC and 5-FU,butsame sensitization to VCR according to pBK-SGC7901/VCR.SGC7901,pBK-SGC7901/ VCRand fas-SGC7901/VCR had positively stainedTopo Ⅱ equally.P-gp staining in pBK- SGC7901/VCR was stronger than in SG07901,but there was little staining of P-gp in fas.SGC7901/VCR.CONCLUSION fas gene transduction couldreverse the MDR of human drug-resistant gastriccancer cell SGC7901/VCR to a degree,possiblybecause of higher sensitization to apoptosis anddecreased expression of P-gp.
文摘AIM： To determine the effect of oral erythromycin on gastric and small bowel transit time of capsule endoscopy. METHODS： Consecutive patients who underwent capsule endoscopy during the 16-mo study period were either given 250 mg oral erythromycin, 1 h prior to swallowing the capsule endoscope or nothing. The gastric and small bowel transit time, and the small bowel image quality were compared. RESULTS： Twenty-four patients received oral erythromycin whereas 14 patients were not given any prokinetic agent. Patients who received erythromycin had a significantly lower gastric transit time than control （16 min vs70 min, P= 0.005）, whereas the small bowel transit time was comparable between the two groups （227 rain vs 183 min, P= 0.18）. Incomplete small bowel examination was found in three patients of the control group and in one patient of the erythromycin group. There was no significant difference in the overall quality of small bowel images between the two groups. A marked reduction in gastric transit time was noted in two patients who had repeat capsule endoscopy after oral erythromycin. CONCLUSION： Use of oral erythromycin significantly reduces the gastric transit time of capsule endoscopy.
文摘INTRODUCTION Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection is one ofthe main pathogens of chronic gastritis and duodenalulcer(DU),and it may be considered as a riskfactor in the incidence of gastric cancer.H.pylori infection may lead to the anomaly of gastricepithelial cell proliferation which is closely relatedto the development of gastric cancer.Vacuolatingcytotoxin(VacA)is an important virulence andvacA subtype determines the toxic activity.According to its signal sequence,it can be groupedinto type sla,slb,slc and s2.Strains harboringvacAsla are more closely related with digestivediseases and may be the strains with high toxicity.The effect of H.pylori infection on
基金Supported by Hong Kong Jockey Club Institute of Chinese Medicine,No.JCICM-4-07
文摘AIM:To investigate the key factors in developing the trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid(TNBS)-induced postinflammatory irritable bowel syndrome(PI-IBS)model in rats. METHODS:TNBS was administered to rats at the following conditions:(1)with different doses(20,10,5 mg/0.8 mL per rat);(2)with same dose in different concentrations(20 mg/rat,25,50 mg/mL);(3)in different ethanol percentage(25%,50%);and(4)at depth either 4 cm or 8 cm from anus.At 5 d and 4 wk after TNBS administration,inflammation severity and inflammation resolution were evaluated.At 4 and 8 wk after TNBS application,visceral hyperalgesia and enterochromaffin(EC)cell hyperplasia were assayed by abdominal withdrawal reflex test,silver staining and capillary electrophoresis. RESULTS:Our results showed that:(1)TNBS induced dose-dependent acute inflammation and inflammation resolution.At 5 d post TNBS,the pathological score and myeloperoxidase(MPO)activity in all TNBS treated rats were significantly elevated compared to that of the control(9.48±1.86,8.18±0.67,5.78± 0.77 vs 0,and 3.55±1.11,1.80±0.82,0.97±0.08 unit/mg vs 0.14±0.01 unit/mg,P<0.05).At 4 wk post TNBS,the pathological score in high and median dose TNBS-treated rats were still significantly higher than that of the control(1.52±0.38 and 0.80±0.35 vs 0,P<0.05);(2)Intracolonic TNBS administration position affected the persistence of visceral hyperalgesia.At 4 wk post TNBS,abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR)threshold pressure in all TNBS-treated groups were decreased compared to that of the control(21.52 ±1.73 and 27.10±1.94 mmHg vs 34.44±1.89 mmHg,P<0.05).At 8 wk post TNBS,AWR threshold pressure in 8 cm administration group was still significantly decreased(23.33±1.33 mmHg vs 36.79±2.29 mmHg,P<0.05);(3)Ethanol percentage affected the TNBS-induced inflammation severity and visceral hyperalgesia.In TNBS-25%ethanol-treated group,the pathological score and MPO activity were significantly lowered compared to that of the TNBS-50%ethanoltreated group,while AWR threshold pressure were significantly e
文摘INTRODUCTIONThere is abundant evidence that stressful insults suchas acute pancreatitis may significantly alter themetabolism of the gut mucosa and therefore itsbarrier integrity,resulting in an increase in mucosalpermeability and subsequent translocation of entericbacteria and their cndotoxins.The fact thatmost bacteria associated with acute pancreatic andperipancreatic infections are of enteric originimplies that the gut plays a major role in
文摘背景单病例随机对照试验是评价中医药干预措施有效性和安全性较为理想和适宜的方法之一。目前已有一定数量的中医药单病例随机对照试验发表。然而,由于缺乏相应的报告规范,这些试验的报告质量普遍较差。鉴于中医药临床研究的独特性,工作组制定了单病例随机对照试验报告标准(CONSORT extension for reporting N-of-1 trials,CENT 2015)的中医药扩展版(中医药CENT),以帮助研究者报告中医药单病例试验。方法我们在提高健康研究质量和透明度协作网(Enhancing the QUAlity and Transparency Of health Research,EQUATOR)上注册了中医药CENT。中医药单病例随机对照试验报告规范的制定是一个综合过程,包括收集初始报告条目,与17名专家小组成员进行两轮科学的德尔菲共识调查,修订和形成最终报告清单。结果清单共包括6个领域的25项条目,其中的8项对CENT 2015清单条目进行了扩展和详细说明。中医药CENT清单充分考虑了中医药的诊疗特点,并详细阐释了中医药单病例随机对照试验中辨证的概念和不同的中医药干预措施。结论中医药CENT是中医临床研究的一个实用工具,可用于评价中医药单病例对照试验报告的完整性,并可指导中医药单病例对照试验的设计、实施和报告,期望此报告规范可切实提高中医药单病例试验的全面性和透明度。
基金the National Natural Science Foundation and Ministry of Public Health of China,No.39500141
文摘INTRODUCTIONEsophageal variceal bleeding (EVB) is one of themost common complications of cirrhosis with portalhypertension.In recent years,great progress hasbeen made in medicinal treatment.Somatostatin hasbeen widely used in clinics,for it can effectivelylower the portal venous pressure (PVP) with
文摘INTRODUCTIONAcute pancreatitis in a common and potentially fataldisease which is associated with considerablemorbidity and a mortality rate of approximately30%;its pathogenesis remains unknown.Thecause of death is often due to multiple organ
文摘Viral variation may change pathogenicity, escape immunity, lead to persistence infection, and cause drug resistance against antiviral therapy. This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of HBV gene variation on the progression of disease and on the efficacy of antiviral therapy for patients with chronic hepatitis B(CHB). METHODS:Hepatitis B virus (HBV) gene mutational sites were detected using gene chip in selected hepatitis B patients. RESULTS:In the patients HBeAg did not show serologic conversion or HBeAg(-)/anti-HBe(+), but their HBV DNA remained positive 24 weeks after α-interferon therapy, which was associated with mutations of nt1896, nt1814, nt1762 and nt1764. In the patients, that HBV DNA levels decreased or were undetectable, but rebounded later after antiviral therapy by lamivudine was associated with mutations of aa528 and(or) aa552(i.e.YMDD mutation), which resulted in lamivudine-resistance. YMDD mutation was prone to occur 52 weeks after lamivudine therapy in some chronic hepatitis B patients (26.4%). Nt1896 mutation was common in most chronic hepatitis B patients (68.5%). Chronic severe hepatitis, cirrhosis, and primary liver carcinoma were related to the mutations of nt1896, nt1762 and nt1764. CONCLUSIONS:HBV gene mutations could aggravate patient's condition and affect the efficacy of antiviral therapy. The regular detection of HBV gene mutation is helpful for identification of disease prognosis and adjustment of therapeutic strategy.
基金supported by the grant from Guangdong Provincial Key R&D Program for COVID-19(No.232020012620600001)
文摘To the Editor:Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)has evolved into a global pandemic,with over 700 million confirmed cases worldwide and still mounting.^([1])The clinical impact of this pandemic is immense,given the wide spectrum of disease manifestation,ranging from mild respiratory symptoms to severe pulmonary infections.Identifying high-risk individuals,especially during their initial encounters in clinics and hospital emergency services,is crucial to provide timely effective treatment.Therefore,the timely risk stratification of COVID-19 patients in the emergency room can greatly benefit both infected individuals and healthcare professionals.^([2])This study aims to identify features of serious COVID-19 infection at presentation that may lead to mortality of the patients.
文摘AIMS To study the pathologic classification of gastric neuroendocrine tumors and its clinicopathologic significance. METHODS Paraffin embedded sections of 52 gastric neuroendocrine tumors including 42 carcinoid tumors, and 10 cases of neuroendocrine carcinoma from 326 patients who underwent resection of stomach carcinomas were studied by immunohistochemical methods including 10 endocrine markers or hormones antibodies and endocrine cells in gastric neuroendocrine tumors and extratumoral mucosa were observed under electromicroscope. RESULTS The 52 gastric neuroendocrine tumors were divided into three types: ① Gastrin dependent type of carcinoid (26 cases) accompanied by chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) and tumor extension limited to the mucosa or submucosa complicated with hypergastrinemia and G cell hyperplasia. This type was consistently preceded by and associated with generalized proliferation of endocrine cells in the extratomoral fundic mucosa. ② Non gastrin dependent type of carcinoids (16 cases) associated with neither CAG nor hypergastrinemia. This type was more aggressive; and ③ Neuroendocrie carcinomas (10 cases), which are highly aggressive tumors. CONCLUSIONS A correct identification of different types of gastric endocrine tumors has major implications for the treatment and prognosis of the patients.
文摘INTRODUCTIONIncreasing data has demonstrated that Helicobacterpylori(H.pylori),a spiral gram negativebacterium,colonized in human stomach,can causetype B gastritis,is strongly associated withgastric and duodenal ulceration,and has beenimplicated in the causation of gastric carcinomaand mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue(MALT)lymphomas.It has been reported that there
基金supported in part by a grant(GM108337)from the National Institutes of Health and the National Science Foundation(Tang and Tu)a pilot grant(UR-CTSI GR500208)from the Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute at the University of Rochester Medical Center(Feng and Tu)
文摘A new anthraquinone, Glyceroyl-1,6,8-trihydroxy-3-methyl-9, 10-dioxo-2-anthracene carboxylate I, was isolated from Clinopodium polycephalum. The chemical structure was determined by spectroscopic methods.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation and National Education of China.
文摘A new sesquiterpene, ent-furodysin (1), has been isolated from the South China Sea Sponge Dysidea fragilis, along with a known sesqui-terpene, ent-furodysinin (2). The structure and relative stereochemistry of 1 and 2 were established by spectral analysis.
文摘Oxygenation constants and thermodynamic parameters DeltaH degrees and DeltaS degrees of cobalt (II) complexes with bis-(furaldehyde) Schiff bases (1, 2, 3, 4)were obtained by mearsuring saturated dioxygen uptake of these complexes in pyridine at different temperature. These complexes could activate molecular oxygen and were used as catalysts in cyclohexene oxidation. The influence of ligand structure on the dioxygen affinity and catalytic activity of the complexes were discussed.
基金This study is fully funded by the Hong Kong Jockey Club Charities Trust(Ref No.2018/0043).
文摘Using prostate-specific antigen(PSA)for prostate cancer(PCa)screening led to overinvestigation and overdiagnosis of indolent PCa.We aimed to investigate the value of prostate health index(PHI)and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)prostate in an Asian PCa screening program.Men aged 50–75 years were prospectively recruited from a community-based PSA screening program.Men with PSA 4.0–10.0 ng ml^(−1) had PHI result analyzed.MRI prostate was offered to men with PSA 4.0–50.0 ng ml−1.A systematic prostate biopsy was offered to men with PSA 4.0–9.9 ng ml^(−1) and PHI≥35,or PSA 10.0–50.0 ng ml^(−1).Additional targeted prostate biopsy was offered if they had PI-RADS score≥3.Clinically significant PCa(csPCa)was defined as the International Society of Urological Pathology(ISUP)grade group(GG)≥2 or ISUP GG 1 with involvement of≥30%of total systematic cores.In total,12.8%(196/1536)men had PSA≥4.0 ng ml^(−1).Among 194 men with PSA 4.0–50.0 ng ml^(−1),187(96.4%)received MRI prostate.Among them,28.3%(53/187)had PI-RADS≥3 lesions.Moreover,7.0%(107/1536)men were indicated for biopsy and 94.4%(101/107)men received biopsy.Among the men received biopsy,PCa,ISUP GG≥2 PCa,and csPCa was diagnosed in 42(41.6%),24(23.8%),and 34(33.7%)men,respectively.Compared with PSA/PHI pathway in men with PSA 4.0–50.0 ng ml^(−1),additional MRI increased diagnoses of PCa,ISUP GG≥2 PCa,and csPCa by 21.2%(from 33 to 40),22.2%(from 18 to 22),and 18.5%(from 27 to 32),respectively.The benefit of additional MRI was only observed in PSA 4.0–10.0 ng ml^(−1),and the number of MRI needed to diagnose one additional ISUP GG≥2 PCa was 20 in PHI≥35 and 94 in PHI<35.Among them,45.4%(89/196)men with PSA≥4.0 ng ml^(−1) avoided unnecessary biopsy with the use of PHI and MRI.A screening algorithm with PSA,PHI,and MRI could effectively diagnose csPCa while reducing unnecessary biopsies.The benefit of MRI prostate was mainly observed in PSA 4.0–9.9 ng ml^(−1) and PHI≥35 group.PHI was an important risk stratification
