Fufang Danshen preparation(FDP)is consisted of Salviae Miltiorrhizar Radix et Rhizoma(Danshen),Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma(Sanqi)and Borneolum Syntheticum(borneol).FDP is usually used to treat myocardial ischemia hyp...Fufang Danshen preparation(FDP)is consisted of Salviae Miltiorrhizar Radix et Rhizoma(Danshen),Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma(Sanqi)and Borneolum Syntheticum(borneol).FDP is usually used to treat myocardial ischemia hypoxia,cerebral ischemia and alzheimer’s disease,etc.In the treatment of cerebrovascular diseases,borneol is usually used to promote the absorption and distribution of the bioactive components to proper organs,especially to the brain.The purpose of this study is investigating the effects of borneol on the pharmacokinetics and brain distribution of tanshinone IIA(TS IIA),salvianolic acid B(SAB)and ginsenoside Rg1 in FDP.Male healthy Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats were given Danshen extracts,Sanqi extracts(Panax notoginseng saponins)or simultaneously administered Danshen extracts,Sanqi extracts and borneol.Plasma and brain samples were collected at different points in time.The concentration of TS IIA,SAB and Rg1 was determined by UPLC-MS/MS method.The main pharmacokinetics parameters of plasma and brain tissue were calculated by using Phoenix WinNolin 6.1 software.In comparison with Danshen and Sanqi alone,there were significant differences in pharmacokinetic parameters of TS IIA,SAB and Rg1,and the brain distribution of SAB and TS IIA when Danshen,Sanqi and borneol were administrated together.Borneol statistically significant shortened tmax of TS IIA,SAB and Rg1 in plasma and brain,increased the bioavaiability of Rg1,inhibited metabolism of Rg1 and enhanced the transport of TS IIA and SAB to brain.These results indicated that borneol could affect the multiple targets components and produce synergistic effects.Through accelerating the intestinal absorption and brain distribution,borneol caused the effective ingredients of Danshen and Sanqi to play a quicker therapeutic role and improved the therapeutic effect.展开更多
为了揭示城市建成环境对出行行为的影响机理,探索两者之间更精准的建模研究方法,在统计分析Web of Science(WOS)和中国知网(CNKI)数据库相关文献的基础上,综述了大数据背景下出行行为数据获取及处理方法,明确了数据驱动方法处理数据的...为了揭示城市建成环境对出行行为的影响机理,探索两者之间更精准的建模研究方法,在统计分析Web of Science(WOS)和中国知网(CNKI)数据库相关文献的基础上,综述了大数据背景下出行行为数据获取及处理方法,明确了数据驱动方法处理数据的高效性和准确性;运用VOSviewer软件统计文献得到目前建成环境和出行行为的3个研究热点,即建成环境与出行行为关系、居民的出行态度、各出行方式的研究方法。分析建模因变量(城市建成环境、居民的出行态度等因素)和自变量(出行行为度量)等研究要素,总结出行行为指标的表征要素及不同时期人们对建成环境的理解程度;基于建成环境和出行行为线性/广义线性关系假设的质疑,分析线性/广义线性和非线性建模研究方法的适用性及优缺点。通过现状研究的综述及讨论,从数据获取、要素分析、方法改进等方面提出了未来的研究方向。研究结果表明:需改进提升数据搜集方法,如需求管理维度的停车数据没有大范围的普及,需进一步探索数据获取的新途径;区分建成环境与居民出行态度(主要包括居民自选择效应和居民对建成环境的主观认知)分别对出行行为的影响程度,进而制定合理的建成环境改善策略;进一步探索能够克服单一线性/广义线性和非线性模型缺点的混合模型,更为精确地反映出行行为随建成环境变化的演变机理。该研究对城市土地利用规划具有指导意义,为以公共交通为导向的城市发展提供技术保障。展开更多
基金the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(Nos.2017JJ2338 and 2020JJ4860)the National Key Specialty Construction Project of Clinical Pharmacy(No.2013-5).
文摘Fufang Danshen preparation(FDP)is consisted of Salviae Miltiorrhizar Radix et Rhizoma(Danshen),Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma(Sanqi)and Borneolum Syntheticum(borneol).FDP is usually used to treat myocardial ischemia hypoxia,cerebral ischemia and alzheimer’s disease,etc.In the treatment of cerebrovascular diseases,borneol is usually used to promote the absorption and distribution of the bioactive components to proper organs,especially to the brain.The purpose of this study is investigating the effects of borneol on the pharmacokinetics and brain distribution of tanshinone IIA(TS IIA),salvianolic acid B(SAB)and ginsenoside Rg1 in FDP.Male healthy Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats were given Danshen extracts,Sanqi extracts(Panax notoginseng saponins)or simultaneously administered Danshen extracts,Sanqi extracts and borneol.Plasma and brain samples were collected at different points in time.The concentration of TS IIA,SAB and Rg1 was determined by UPLC-MS/MS method.The main pharmacokinetics parameters of plasma and brain tissue were calculated by using Phoenix WinNolin 6.1 software.In comparison with Danshen and Sanqi alone,there were significant differences in pharmacokinetic parameters of TS IIA,SAB and Rg1,and the brain distribution of SAB and TS IIA when Danshen,Sanqi and borneol were administrated together.Borneol statistically significant shortened tmax of TS IIA,SAB and Rg1 in plasma and brain,increased the bioavaiability of Rg1,inhibited metabolism of Rg1 and enhanced the transport of TS IIA and SAB to brain.These results indicated that borneol could affect the multiple targets components and produce synergistic effects.Through accelerating the intestinal absorption and brain distribution,borneol caused the effective ingredients of Danshen and Sanqi to play a quicker therapeutic role and improved the therapeutic effect.
文摘为了揭示城市建成环境对出行行为的影响机理,探索两者之间更精准的建模研究方法,在统计分析Web of Science(WOS)和中国知网(CNKI)数据库相关文献的基础上,综述了大数据背景下出行行为数据获取及处理方法,明确了数据驱动方法处理数据的高效性和准确性;运用VOSviewer软件统计文献得到目前建成环境和出行行为的3个研究热点,即建成环境与出行行为关系、居民的出行态度、各出行方式的研究方法。分析建模因变量(城市建成环境、居民的出行态度等因素)和自变量(出行行为度量)等研究要素,总结出行行为指标的表征要素及不同时期人们对建成环境的理解程度;基于建成环境和出行行为线性/广义线性关系假设的质疑,分析线性/广义线性和非线性建模研究方法的适用性及优缺点。通过现状研究的综述及讨论,从数据获取、要素分析、方法改进等方面提出了未来的研究方向。研究结果表明:需改进提升数据搜集方法,如需求管理维度的停车数据没有大范围的普及,需进一步探索数据获取的新途径;区分建成环境与居民出行态度(主要包括居民自选择效应和居民对建成环境的主观认知)分别对出行行为的影响程度,进而制定合理的建成环境改善策略;进一步探索能够克服单一线性/广义线性和非线性模型缺点的混合模型,更为精确地反映出行行为随建成环境变化的演变机理。该研究对城市土地利用规划具有指导意义,为以公共交通为导向的城市发展提供技术保障。
