We theoretically study nonlinear thermoelectric transport through a topological superconductor nanowire hosting Majorana bound states(MBSs) at its two ends, a system named as Majorana nanowire(MNW). We consider that t...We theoretically study nonlinear thermoelectric transport through a topological superconductor nanowire hosting Majorana bound states(MBSs) at its two ends, a system named as Majorana nanowire(MNW). We consider that the MNW is coupled to the left and right normal metallic leads subjected to either bias voltage or temperature gradient. We focus our attention on the sign change of nonlinear Seebeck and Peltier coefficients induced by mechanisms related to the MBSs, by which the possible existence of MBSs might be proved. Our results show that for a fixed temperature difference between the two leads, the sign of the nonlinear Seebeck coefficient(thermopower) can be reversed by changing the overlap amplitude between the MBSs or the system equilibrium temperature, which are similar to the cases in linear response regime. By optimizing the MBS–MBS interaction amplitude and system equilibrium temperature, we find that the temperature difference may also induce sign change of the nonlinear thermopower. For zero temperature difference and finite bias voltage, both the sign and magnitude of nonlinear Peltier coefficient can be adjusted by changing the bias voltage or overlap amplitude between the MBSs. In the presence of both bias voltage and temperature difference, we show that the electrical current at zero Fermi level and the states induced by overlap between the MBSs keep unchanged, regardless of the amplitude of temperature difference. We also find that the direction of the heat current driven by bias voltage may be changed by weak temperature difference.展开更多
臭氧是一种环境友好型氧化剂,可直接用于消毒、杀菌和废水处理,对于维护和促进公共卫生安全至关重要.由于臭氧容易分解,不利于储存,因此需要现制即用.目前臭氧生成技术主要包括:电晕放电法和电催化臭氧生产(EOP)技术.相较于电晕放电法,...臭氧是一种环境友好型氧化剂,可直接用于消毒、杀菌和废水处理,对于维护和促进公共卫生安全至关重要.由于臭氧容易分解,不利于储存,因此需要现制即用.目前臭氧生成技术主要包括:电晕放电法和电催化臭氧生产(EOP)技术.相较于电晕放电法,EOP是一种本质安全的臭氧生产技术.然而,该工艺相较于电晕放电技术电能消耗量大,为了使其更具商业可行性,有必要开发高活性且低成本的电催化剂.此外,合理的电解槽设计对于实现高效EOP过程也至关重要.然而,目前研究主要集中在提高EOP催化剂活性方面,对电解槽的结构设计优化的关注较少.本文通过开发高效电催化剂进而将其应用于结构优化后的电解槽中,实现了更加高效的EOP过程.本文采用水热方法成功制备了一种具有较高EOP活性的方形氧化铅(PbO_(x)-CTAB-120)电催化剂.在标准三电极测试系统中,电流密度为50 mA cm^(-2)的测试条件下,法拉第效率(FE)可达20.7%,与商用β-PbO_(2)(17.1%)相比提高了21.1%.此外,设计了具有平行流场的可视化EOP电解槽,该可视化电解槽在传质和传热方面具有明显优势,有利于实现更加高效的EOP过程.将催化剂PbO_(x)-CTAB-120组装至可视化电解槽中,在1.0 A cm^(-2)的测试电流密度下,电解液为超纯水,该体系气态臭氧产量可以达到588 mg h^(-1)g^(-1)catalyst,比能量消耗(PEOP)为56 Wh g^(-1)gaseous ozone.体系臭氧产量约为商用β-PbO_(2)在传统电解槽中产量的2倍,并且PEOP降低率超过62%.原位18O同位素标记差分电化学质谱和密度泛函理论计算结果表明,PbO_(x)-CTAB-120电催化剂在EOP过程中遵循晶格氧机理路径,晶格氧迁移产生的氧空位能有效稳定OOH^(*)和O_(2)^(*)反应中间体,因此有利于催化剂在EOP过程中保持较好的反应活性和稳定性.同时,还利用先进的高速摄像可视化工具和计算流体力学(CFD)仿真模拟研究了平行流场EOP电解槽的运展开更多
This paper deals with wave propagation and power coupling in blue-core helicon plasma driven by various antennas and frequencies.It is found that compared to non-blue-core mode,for blue-core mode,the wave can propagat...This paper deals with wave propagation and power coupling in blue-core helicon plasma driven by various antennas and frequencies.It is found that compared to non-blue-core mode,for blue-core mode,the wave can propagate in the core region,and it decays sharply outside the core.The power absorption is lower and steeper in radius for blue-core mode.Regarding the effects of antenna geometry for blue-core mode,it shows that half helix antenna yields the strongest wave field and power absorption,while loop antenna yields the lowest.Moreover,near axis,for antennas with m=+1,the wave field increases with axial distance.In the core region,the wave number approaches to a saturation value at much lower frequency for non-blue-core mode compared to blue-core mode.The total loading resistance is much lower for blue-core mode.These findings are valuable to understanding the physics of blue-core helicon discharge and optimizing the experimental performance of blue-core helicon plasma sources for applications such as space propulsion and material treatment.展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12264037)the Innovation Team of Colleges and Universities in Guangdong Province(Grant No.2021KCXTD040)+2 种基金Guangdong Province Education Department(Grant No.2023KTSCX174)the Key Laboratory of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes(Grant No.2023KSYS011)Science and Technology Bureau of Zhongshan(Grant No.2023B2035)。
文摘We theoretically study nonlinear thermoelectric transport through a topological superconductor nanowire hosting Majorana bound states(MBSs) at its two ends, a system named as Majorana nanowire(MNW). We consider that the MNW is coupled to the left and right normal metallic leads subjected to either bias voltage or temperature gradient. We focus our attention on the sign change of nonlinear Seebeck and Peltier coefficients induced by mechanisms related to the MBSs, by which the possible existence of MBSs might be proved. Our results show that for a fixed temperature difference between the two leads, the sign of the nonlinear Seebeck coefficient(thermopower) can be reversed by changing the overlap amplitude between the MBSs or the system equilibrium temperature, which are similar to the cases in linear response regime. By optimizing the MBS–MBS interaction amplitude and system equilibrium temperature, we find that the temperature difference may also induce sign change of the nonlinear thermopower. For zero temperature difference and finite bias voltage, both the sign and magnitude of nonlinear Peltier coefficient can be adjusted by changing the bias voltage or overlap amplitude between the MBSs. In the presence of both bias voltage and temperature difference, we show that the electrical current at zero Fermi level and the states induced by overlap between the MBSs keep unchanged, regardless of the amplitude of temperature difference. We also find that the direction of the heat current driven by bias voltage may be changed by weak temperature difference.
文摘臭氧是一种环境友好型氧化剂,可直接用于消毒、杀菌和废水处理,对于维护和促进公共卫生安全至关重要.由于臭氧容易分解,不利于储存,因此需要现制即用.目前臭氧生成技术主要包括:电晕放电法和电催化臭氧生产(EOP)技术.相较于电晕放电法,EOP是一种本质安全的臭氧生产技术.然而,该工艺相较于电晕放电技术电能消耗量大,为了使其更具商业可行性,有必要开发高活性且低成本的电催化剂.此外,合理的电解槽设计对于实现高效EOP过程也至关重要.然而,目前研究主要集中在提高EOP催化剂活性方面,对电解槽的结构设计优化的关注较少.本文通过开发高效电催化剂进而将其应用于结构优化后的电解槽中,实现了更加高效的EOP过程.本文采用水热方法成功制备了一种具有较高EOP活性的方形氧化铅(PbO_(x)-CTAB-120)电催化剂.在标准三电极测试系统中,电流密度为50 mA cm^(-2)的测试条件下,法拉第效率(FE)可达20.7%,与商用β-PbO_(2)(17.1%)相比提高了21.1%.此外,设计了具有平行流场的可视化EOP电解槽,该可视化电解槽在传质和传热方面具有明显优势,有利于实现更加高效的EOP过程.将催化剂PbO_(x)-CTAB-120组装至可视化电解槽中,在1.0 A cm^(-2)的测试电流密度下,电解液为超纯水,该体系气态臭氧产量可以达到588 mg h^(-1)g^(-1)catalyst,比能量消耗(PEOP)为56 Wh g^(-1)gaseous ozone.体系臭氧产量约为商用β-PbO_(2)在传统电解槽中产量的2倍,并且PEOP降低率超过62%.原位18O同位素标记差分电化学质谱和密度泛函理论计算结果表明,PbO_(x)-CTAB-120电催化剂在EOP过程中遵循晶格氧机理路径,晶格氧迁移产生的氧空位能有效稳定OOH^(*)和O_(2)^(*)反应中间体,因此有利于催化剂在EOP过程中保持较好的反应活性和稳定性.同时,还利用先进的高速摄像可视化工具和计算流体力学(CFD)仿真模拟研究了平行流场EOP电解槽的运
基金supported by Fudan University Special Funds for COVID-19the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32130063)+4 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFE0201900 and 2021YFC2301700)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2020T130017ZX)the Starry Night Science Fund at Shanghai Institute for Advanced Study of Zhejiang University(SN-ZJU-SIAS-009)the STS Regional Key Project(KFJSTS-QYZD-2021-12-001)from Chinese Academy of SciencesHubei Science and Technology Major Project(2021ACB0004)。
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.92271113)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.2022CDJQY-003)+1 种基金Chongqing Entrepreneurship and Innovation Support Program for Overseas Returnees(Grant No.CX2022004)the Fund from Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Space Engine(Grant No.17DZ2280800).
文摘This paper deals with wave propagation and power coupling in blue-core helicon plasma driven by various antennas and frequencies.It is found that compared to non-blue-core mode,for blue-core mode,the wave can propagate in the core region,and it decays sharply outside the core.The power absorption is lower and steeper in radius for blue-core mode.Regarding the effects of antenna geometry for blue-core mode,it shows that half helix antenna yields the strongest wave field and power absorption,while loop antenna yields the lowest.Moreover,near axis,for antennas with m=+1,the wave field increases with axial distance.In the core region,the wave number approaches to a saturation value at much lower frequency for non-blue-core mode compared to blue-core mode.The total loading resistance is much lower for blue-core mode.These findings are valuable to understanding the physics of blue-core helicon discharge and optimizing the experimental performance of blue-core helicon plasma sources for applications such as space propulsion and material treatment.
基金supported by Hunan University of Chinese Medicine-Joint Training Base for Top Innovative Talents for Graduate Students in Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Nursing.
文摘目的旨在翻译护理管理者自我效能量表(Self-Efficacy Perception Scale of Administrator Nurses,SEPSAN),并对其进行信度和效度的检验。方法对英文版SEPSAN进行翻译,并通过横断面研究验证其信效度。采用Brislin翻译模型,包括直译、回译、整合、文化调适5个步骤,将英文版量表翻译为中文版。于2023年4—5月采用目的抽样法,选取中国5个城市20所综合性医院的382名护理管理者进行问卷调查。采用内容效度、结构效度和聚合效度评估量表的效度;采用Cronbach's α系数、重测信度评估量表的信度。结果中文版SEPSAN各条目内容效度指数(I-CVI)为0.86~1.00,平均内容效度指数(S-CVI/Ave)为0.98。探索性因子分析提取5个公因子,为计划、组织、指挥、协调、质量控制,共包括41个条目,累计方差贡献率为63.72%;验证性因子分析显示各项拟合指数表现较好。中文版量表的Cronbach's α系数为0.95,重测信度为0.87(P<0.05)。结论中文版SEPSAN具有良好的信效度,可作为评估我国护理管理者自我效能的评价工具。
