Horticulturists are interested in evaluating how cultivar,environment,or production system inputs can affect postharvest quality.Ambient mass spectrometry approaches enable analysis of minimally processed samples unde...Horticulturists are interested in evaluating how cultivar,environment,or production system inputs can affect postharvest quality.Ambient mass spectrometry approaches enable analysis of minimally processed samples under ambient conditions and offer an attractive high-throughput alternative for assessing quality characteristics in plant products.Here,we evaluate direct analysis in real time(DART-MS)mass spectrometry and rapid evaporative ionization-mass spectrometry(REIMS)to assess quality characteristics in various pepper(Capsicum annuum L.)cultivars.DART-MS exhibited the ability to discriminate between pod colors and pungency based on chemical fingerprints,while REIMS could distinguish pepper market class(e.g.,bell,lunchbox,and popper).Furthermore,DART-MS analysis resulted in the putative detection of important bioactive compounds in human diet such as vitamin C,p-coumaric acid,and capsaicin.The results of this study demonstrate the potential for these approaches as accessible and reliable tools for high throughput screening of pepper quality.展开更多
Supply chain management(SCM)and its associated activities continue to evolve as new communication technologies and cooperative efforts emerge to facilitate system-wide process integration;the context within which supp...Supply chain management(SCM)and its associated activities continue to evolve as new communication technologies and cooperative efforts emerge to facilitate system-wide process integration;the context within which supply chains(SCs)operate,the technologies,and performance enhancement mechanisms have all changed.Thus,linear-based SCs are increasingly being challenged as firms look towards a more networked approach to maximize performance amid growing market dynamics.This paper,however,recognizing inherent similarities between social structure of Social Internet of Things(SIoT)principles and what we term supply community networks(SCN)from literature,seeks to cross-pollinate the two in a way capable of dealing with these market dynamics.Our contribution is,therefore,a new‘setting’of social relationships between supply community agents(SCA)within SCN mirroring interactions played out in the physical world;SCAs autonomously sense each other,exchange information and interact within SCN mimicking the behavior of humans.Also,it identifies the bounds of flow,i.e.all possible dimensions within a SCN which need to be understood to support relationship management.Therefore,communications are improved,sharpening SCAs synchronization in a way responsive to customer needs.展开更多
Numerical simulation of heat transfer in a high aspect ratio rectangular microchannel with heat sinks has been conducted,similar to an experimental study.Three channel heights measuring 0.3 mm,0.6 mm and 1 mm are cons...Numerical simulation of heat transfer in a high aspect ratio rectangular microchannel with heat sinks has been conducted,similar to an experimental study.Three channel heights measuring 0.3 mm,0.6 mm and 1 mm are considered and the Reynolds number varies from 300 to 2360,based on the hydraulic diameter.Simulation starts with the validation study on the Nusselt number and the Poiseuille number variations along the channel streamwise direction.It is found that the predicted Nusselt number has shown very good agreement with the theoretical estimation,but some discrepancies are noted in the Poiseuille number comparison.This observation however is in consistent with conclusions made by other researchers for the same flow problem.Simulation continues on the evaluation of heat transfer characteristics,namely the friction factor and the thermal resistance.It is found that noticeable scaling effect happens at small channel height of 0.3 mm and the predicted friction factor agrees fairly well with an experimental based correlation.Present simulation further reveals that the thermal resistance is low at small channel height,indicating that the heat transfer performance can be enhanced with the decrease of the channel height.展开更多
基金This research received external funding associated with the Northern Organic Vegetable Improvement Collaborative(NOVIC).
文摘Horticulturists are interested in evaluating how cultivar,environment,or production system inputs can affect postharvest quality.Ambient mass spectrometry approaches enable analysis of minimally processed samples under ambient conditions and offer an attractive high-throughput alternative for assessing quality characteristics in plant products.Here,we evaluate direct analysis in real time(DART-MS)mass spectrometry and rapid evaporative ionization-mass spectrometry(REIMS)to assess quality characteristics in various pepper(Capsicum annuum L.)cultivars.DART-MS exhibited the ability to discriminate between pod colors and pungency based on chemical fingerprints,while REIMS could distinguish pepper market class(e.g.,bell,lunchbox,and popper).Furthermore,DART-MS analysis resulted in the putative detection of important bioactive compounds in human diet such as vitamin C,p-coumaric acid,and capsaicin.The results of this study demonstrate the potential for these approaches as accessible and reliable tools for high throughput screening of pepper quality.
文摘Supply chain management(SCM)and its associated activities continue to evolve as new communication technologies and cooperative efforts emerge to facilitate system-wide process integration;the context within which supply chains(SCs)operate,the technologies,and performance enhancement mechanisms have all changed.Thus,linear-based SCs are increasingly being challenged as firms look towards a more networked approach to maximize performance amid growing market dynamics.This paper,however,recognizing inherent similarities between social structure of Social Internet of Things(SIoT)principles and what we term supply community networks(SCN)from literature,seeks to cross-pollinate the two in a way capable of dealing with these market dynamics.Our contribution is,therefore,a new‘setting’of social relationships between supply community agents(SCA)within SCN mirroring interactions played out in the physical world;SCAs autonomously sense each other,exchange information and interact within SCN mimicking the behavior of humans.Also,it identifies the bounds of flow,i.e.all possible dimensions within a SCN which need to be understood to support relationship management.Therefore,communications are improved,sharpening SCAs synchronization in a way responsive to customer needs.
文摘Numerical simulation of heat transfer in a high aspect ratio rectangular microchannel with heat sinks has been conducted,similar to an experimental study.Three channel heights measuring 0.3 mm,0.6 mm and 1 mm are considered and the Reynolds number varies from 300 to 2360,based on the hydraulic diameter.Simulation starts with the validation study on the Nusselt number and the Poiseuille number variations along the channel streamwise direction.It is found that the predicted Nusselt number has shown very good agreement with the theoretical estimation,but some discrepancies are noted in the Poiseuille number comparison.This observation however is in consistent with conclusions made by other researchers for the same flow problem.Simulation continues on the evaluation of heat transfer characteristics,namely the friction factor and the thermal resistance.It is found that noticeable scaling effect happens at small channel height of 0.3 mm and the predicted friction factor agrees fairly well with an experimental based correlation.Present simulation further reveals that the thermal resistance is low at small channel height,indicating that the heat transfer performance can be enhanced with the decrease of the channel height.
