Bacterial infections may lead to diverse acute or chronic diseases （e.g., inflammation, sepsis and cancer）. New antibiotics against bacteria are rarely discovered in recent years, which necessitates the exploration ...Bacterial infections may lead to diverse acute or chronic diseases （e.g., inflammation, sepsis and cancer）. New antibiotics against bacteria are rarely discovered in recent years, which necessitates the exploration of new antibacterial agents. Engineered nanomatetials {ENMs） have been extensively studied for antibacterial use because of their long lasting killing effects in wide spectra of bacteria. Graphene oxide （GO） is one of the most widely studied ENMs and exhibit strong bactericidal effects. The physicochemical properties of GO play important roles in bacterial killing by triggering a cascade of toxic events. Many studies have explored the signaling pathways of GO in bacteria. Although molecular initiating events （MIEs） of GO in bacteria dominate its killing efficiency as well as toxicity mechanisms, they have been rarely reviewed. In this report, we discussed the structure-activity relationships （SARs） involved in GOinduced bacterial killing and the MIEs including redox reaction with biomolecules, mechanical destruction of membranes and catalysis of extracellular metabolites. Furthermore, we summarized the clinical or commercial applications of GO-based antibacterial products and discussed their biosafety in mammal. Finally, we reviewed the remaining challenges in GO for antibacterial applications, which may offer new insights for the development of nano antibacterial studies.展开更多
What is already known about this topic?The Co-Administration of Multiple Vaccines were implemented in many countries and have been shown to significantly reduce many times of visiting the vaccination clinic.What is ad...What is already known about this topic?The Co-Administration of Multiple Vaccines were implemented in many countries and have been shown to significantly reduce many times of visiting the vaccination clinic.What is added by this report?It is the first time to calculate the cost of visiting vaccination clinic from transportation and workabsence for children’s families in Guangdong.What are the implications for public health practice?We demonstrated the importance of Co-Administration of Multiple Vaccines that reduce the vaccination cost of children’s families.The policy should be promoted as soon as possible.展开更多
As the most abundant living entities in the environment,viruses have been well recognized as crucial members in sustaining biogeochemical cycling.However,the significance of viruses in soil ecosystem multifunctionalit...As the most abundant living entities in the environment,viruses have been well recognized as crucial members in sustaining biogeochemical cycling.However,the significance of viruses in soil ecosystem multifunctionality remains under-explored.In this study,we used metagenomics and meta-viromics analysis to investigate the role of soil viruses in soil ecosystem functions under heavy,light,and no organochlorine pesticides(OCPs)contamination.In the three types of soil samples collected,lightcontaminated soils supported the highest level of multifunctionality,followed by heavy-contaminated soils and clean soils.Additionally,our results revealed a positive correlation between bacterial community evenness and multifunctionality index(p<0.05).Dominant bacterial species with biodegradation and stress resistance advantages exhibited higher abundance in OCPaffected soils,potentially playing a core functional supporting role.Furthermore,our results indicated that the species richness and diversity of bacteriophages were positively correlated with multifunctionality(p<0.05)in OCP-affected soils.Bacteriophages in OCP-affected soils regulate host metabolism and enhance soil ecosystem multifunctionality by infecting functional bacterial hosts and encoding AMGs related to soil element cycling.Our findings emphasize the potential effect of phages on ecosystem multifunctionality in contaminated soil,suggesting that phages may serve as contributors to soil ecology beyond bacteria and other microorganisms.Therefore,in polluted or constrained soils,further research could potentially translate phage communities and related ecological processes into artificial methods for application in soil pollution remediation or ecological restoration.展开更多
A novel self-delivered prodrug system was fabricated for tumor-targeting therapy. In this nanosystem, the Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser （RGDS） tetrapeptide was used to improve the therapeutic index to integrin-overexpressing tumo...A novel self-delivered prodrug system was fabricated for tumor-targeting therapy. In this nanosystem, the Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser （RGDS） tetrapeptide was used to improve the therapeutic index to integrin-overexpressing tumor cells. The antitumorous drug camptothecin was further appended to the ε-amino group of lysine by 20-O-succinyl linkage and controllably released via hydrolytic cleavage. Prodrug molecules self-assembled into fibrillar nano-architectures and achieved the capability of self-delivery after being injected subcutaneously into mice. Introduction of hydrophobic myristic add favored the self-assembly and enhanced the cellular internalization of the prodrugs. In vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated that the self-assembled nanofibers could effectively target integrin- overexpressing tumorous cells and inhibit tumor growth via RGD-mediated specific targeting. Therefore, the traditional idea that fibrillar structures hold low therapeutic efficacy due to poor cell uptake can be challenged.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31671032)Key Project of Natural Science Foundation of the Higher Education Institutions of Jiangsu Province (17KJA310003)+2 种基金the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD)supported by the Recruitment Program of Global Youth Experts of ChinaStrategic Project for Developing Outstanding Institutes in Suzhou (MCMX201604)
文摘Bacterial infections may lead to diverse acute or chronic diseases （e.g., inflammation, sepsis and cancer）. New antibiotics against bacteria are rarely discovered in recent years, which necessitates the exploration of new antibacterial agents. Engineered nanomatetials {ENMs） have been extensively studied for antibacterial use because of their long lasting killing effects in wide spectra of bacteria. Graphene oxide （GO） is one of the most widely studied ENMs and exhibit strong bactericidal effects. The physicochemical properties of GO play important roles in bacterial killing by triggering a cascade of toxic events. Many studies have explored the signaling pathways of GO in bacteria. Although molecular initiating events （MIEs） of GO in bacteria dominate its killing efficiency as well as toxicity mechanisms, they have been rarely reviewed. In this report, we discussed the structure-activity relationships （SARs） involved in GOinduced bacterial killing and the MIEs including redox reaction with biomolecules, mechanical destruction of membranes and catalysis of extracellular metabolites. Furthermore, we summarized the clinical or commercial applications of GO-based antibacterial products and discussed their biosafety in mammal. Finally, we reviewed the remaining challenges in GO for antibacterial applications, which may offer new insights for the development of nano antibacterial studies.
文摘What is already known about this topic?The Co-Administration of Multiple Vaccines were implemented in many countries and have been shown to significantly reduce many times of visiting the vaccination clinic.What is added by this report?It is the first time to calculate the cost of visiting vaccination clinic from transportation and workabsence for children’s families in Guangdong.What are the implications for public health practice?We demonstrated the importance of Co-Administration of Multiple Vaccines that reduce the vaccination cost of children’s families.The policy should be promoted as soon as possible.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42077106,42277115,and 42177113)the Key R&D Project of Jiangsu Province(Modern Agriculture,Grant No.BE2022322)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.YDZX2023023).
文摘As the most abundant living entities in the environment,viruses have been well recognized as crucial members in sustaining biogeochemical cycling.However,the significance of viruses in soil ecosystem multifunctionality remains under-explored.In this study,we used metagenomics and meta-viromics analysis to investigate the role of soil viruses in soil ecosystem functions under heavy,light,and no organochlorine pesticides(OCPs)contamination.In the three types of soil samples collected,lightcontaminated soils supported the highest level of multifunctionality,followed by heavy-contaminated soils and clean soils.Additionally,our results revealed a positive correlation between bacterial community evenness and multifunctionality index(p<0.05).Dominant bacterial species with biodegradation and stress resistance advantages exhibited higher abundance in OCPaffected soils,potentially playing a core functional supporting role.Furthermore,our results indicated that the species richness and diversity of bacteriophages were positively correlated with multifunctionality(p<0.05)in OCP-affected soils.Bacteriophages in OCP-affected soils regulate host metabolism and enhance soil ecosystem multifunctionality by infecting functional bacterial hosts and encoding AMGs related to soil element cycling.Our findings emphasize the potential effect of phages on ecosystem multifunctionality in contaminated soil,suggesting that phages may serve as contributors to soil ecology beyond bacteria and other microorganisms.Therefore,in polluted or constrained soils,further research could potentially translate phage communities and related ecological processes into artificial methods for application in soil pollution remediation or ecological restoration.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Nos. 51125014, 51503227 and 51233003） and Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province of China （Nos. 2014CFB696 and 2013CFA003）.
文摘A novel self-delivered prodrug system was fabricated for tumor-targeting therapy. In this nanosystem, the Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser （RGDS） tetrapeptide was used to improve the therapeutic index to integrin-overexpressing tumor cells. The antitumorous drug camptothecin was further appended to the ε-amino group of lysine by 20-O-succinyl linkage and controllably released via hydrolytic cleavage. Prodrug molecules self-assembled into fibrillar nano-architectures and achieved the capability of self-delivery after being injected subcutaneously into mice. Introduction of hydrophobic myristic add favored the self-assembly and enhanced the cellular internalization of the prodrugs. In vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated that the self-assembled nanofibers could effectively target integrin- overexpressing tumorous cells and inhibit tumor growth via RGD-mediated specific targeting. Therefore, the traditional idea that fibrillar structures hold low therapeutic efficacy due to poor cell uptake can be challenged.
