Background Recent recognition is that Th2 response is insufficient to fully explain the aetiology of asthma. Other CD4^＋ T cells subsets might play a role in asthma. We investigated the relative abundance and activit...Background Recent recognition is that Th2 response is insufficient to fully explain the aetiology of asthma. Other CD4^＋ T cells subsets might play a role in asthma. We investigated the relative abundance and activities of Thl, Th2, Th17 and CD4^＋CD25^＋ Treg cells in patients with allergic asthma. Methods Twenty-two patients with mild asthma, 17 patients with moderate to severe asthma and 20 healthy donors were enrolled. All patients were allergic to house dust mites. Plasma total IgE, pulmonary function and Asthma Control Questionnaire were assessed. The proportions of peripheral blood Thl, Th2, Th17 and CD4^＋CD25^＋ Treg cells were determined by flow cytometry. The expression of cytokines in plasma and Jn the culture supernatant of peripheral blood mononuclear cells was determined by enzyme linked, immunosorbent assay. Results The frequency of blood Th2 cells and IL-4 levels in plasma and culture supernatant of peripheral blood mononuclear cells were increased in all patients with allergic asthma. The frequency of Th17 cells and the plasma and culture supernatant levels of IL-17 were increased, whereas the frequency of CD4^＋CD25^＋ Treg cells and plasma IL-10 levels were decreased in patients with moderate to severe asthma. Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus specific IgE levels were positively correlated with the percentage of blood Th2 cells and plasma IL-4 levels. Forced expiratory volume in the first second was negatively correlated with the frequency of Th17 cells and plasma IL-17 levels, and positively correlated with the frequency of Treg cells. However, mean Asthma Control Questionnaire scores were positively correlated with the frequency of Th17 cells and plasma IL-17 levels, and negatively correlated with the frequency of Treg cells. Conclusions Imbalances in Thl/Th2 and Th17/Treg were found in patients with allergic asthma. Furthermore, elevated Th17 cell responses, the absence of Tregs and an imbalance in Th17/Treg levels were associated with moderate to severe asthma.展开更多
AIM: To investigate the effect of moxibustion on intestinal flora and release of interleukin-12 (IL-12) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) from the colon in rat with ulcerative colitis (UC). METHODS: A rat model of...AIM: To investigate the effect of moxibustion on intestinal flora and release of interleukin-12 (IL-12) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) from the colon in rat with ulcerative colitis (UC). METHODS: A rat model of UC was established by local stimulation of the intestine with supernatant from colonic contents harvested from human UC patients. A total of 40 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the following groups: normal (sham), model (UC), herb-partition moxibustion (HPM-treated), and positive control sulfasalazine (SA-treated). Rats treated with HPM received HPM at acupuncture points ST25 and RN6, once a day for 15 min, for a total of 8 d. Rats in the SA group were perfused with SA twice a day for 8 d. The colonic histopathology was observed by hematoxylin-eosin. The levels of intestinal flora, including Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Escherichia coli (E. coli), and Bacteroides fragilis (B. fragilis), were tested by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction to detect bacterial 16S rRNA/DNA in order to determine DNA copy numbers of each specific species. Immunohistochemical assays were used to observe the expression of TNF-α and IL-12 in the rat colons. RESULTS: HPM treatment inhibited immunopathology in colonic tissues of UC rats; the general morphological score and the immunopathological score were significantly decreased in the HPM and SA groups compared with the model group [3.5 (2.0-4.0), 3.0 (1.5-3.5) vs 6.0 (5.5-7.0), P < 0.05 for the general morphological score, and 3.00 (2.00-3.50), 3.00 (2.50-3.50) vs 5.00 (4.50-5.50), P < 0.01 for the immunopathological score]. As measured by DNA copy number, we found that Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus, which are associated with a healthy colon, were significantly higher in the HPM and SA groups than in the model group (1.395 ± 1.339, 1.461 ± 1.152 vs 0.045 ± 0.036, P < 0.01 for Bifidobacterium, and 0.395 ± 0.325, 0.851 ± 0.651 vs 0.0015 ± 0.0014, P < 0.01 for Lactobacillus). On the other hand, E. coli and B. fragilis, which are as展开更多
AIM To prospectively evaluate the effect of local wound infiltration with ropivacaine on postoperative pain relief and stress response reduction after open hepatectomy.METHODS A total of 56 patients undergoing open he...AIM To prospectively evaluate the effect of local wound infiltration with ropivacaine on postoperative pain relief and stress response reduction after open hepatectomy.METHODS A total of 56 patients undergoing open hepatectomy were randomly divided into two groups:a ropivacaine group(wound infiltration with ropivacaine solution)and a control group(infiltration with isotonic saline solution).A visual analog scale(VAS)at rest and on movement was used to measure postoperative pain for the first 48 h after surgery.Mean arterial pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),time to bowel recovery,length of hospitalization after surgery,cumulative sufentanil consumption,and incidence of nausea and vomiting were compared between the two groups.Surgical stress hormones(epinephrine,norepinephrine,and cortisol)were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,and the results were compared. RESULTS VAS scores both at rest and on movement at 24 h and48 h were similar between the two groups.Significantly lower VAS scores were detected at 0,6,and 12 h in the ropivacaine group compared with the control group(P<0.05 for all).MAP was significantly lower at 6,12,and 24 h(P<0.05 for all);HR was significantly lower at 0,6,12,and 24 h(P<0.05 for all);time to bowel recovery and length of hospitalization after surgery(P<0.05 for both)were significantly shortened;and cumulative sufentanil consumption was significantly lower at 6,12,24,and 36 h(P<0.05 for all)in the ropivacaine group than in the control group,although the incidence of nausea and vomiting showed no significant difference between the two groups.The levels of epinephrine,norepinephrine,and cortisol were significantly lower in the ropivacaine group than in the control group at 24 and 48 h(P<0.01 for all). CONCLUSION Local wound infiltration with ropivacaine after open hepatectomy can improve postoperative pain relief,reduce surgical stress response,and accelerate postoperative recovery.展开更多
AIM: To investigate the effects of moxibustion on down-regulation of the colonic epithelial cell apoptosis and repair of the tight junctions in rats with Crohn's disease (CD). METHODS: Sixty male Sprague-Dawley ra...AIM: To investigate the effects of moxibustion on down-regulation of the colonic epithelial cell apoptosis and repair of the tight junctions in rats with Crohn's disease (CD). METHODS: Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a normal control (NC) group, a model control (MC) group, an herbs-partitioned moxibustion (HPM) group, a mild-warm moxibustion (MWM) group and a salicylazosulphapyridine (SASP) group, with 12 rats in each group. The CD model rats were treated with trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid to induce intestinal inflammation. The rats in the HPM and MWM groups were treated at the Tianshu (ST25) and Qihai (CV6) acupoints once daily for 14 d, and the SASP group was fed SASP twice daily for 14 d. No additional treatment was given to the MC and NC groups. Themicrostructure of the colonic epithelium was observed under a transmission electron microscope, the transepithelial resistance was measured using a shortcircuit current, colonic epithelial cell apoptosis was determined by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferasemediated dUTP-biotin nick end labelling assay, and the expression of occludin, claudin-1 and zonula occludens-l (ZO-1) in the colonic epithelial junction was determined by Western blotting and immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS: Compared with the MC group, the microstructure of the colonic epithelial barrier was signifi-cantly improved in rats treated with HPM, MWM or SASP, meanwhile, the current flow was reduced signifi-cantly, with values of 168.20 ± 6.14 vs 99.70 ± 3.13, 99.10 ± 4.28 and 120.30 ± 3.65 mA, respectively (P = 0.001). However, the HPM and MWM groups had higher current flow rates than the SASP group (99.70 ± 3.13, 99.10 ± 4.28 vs 120.30 ± 3.65 mA, P = 0.001). The number of the apoptotic colonic epithelial cells in HPM, MWM and SASP groups was largely reduced (61.5 ± 16.91 vs 15.5 ± 8.89, 14.8 ± 6.27 and 24.7 ± 9.68, respectively (P = 0.001); and the expression of occlu- din, claudin-1 and ZO-1 in the MWM and HPM groups was signifi cantly enhanced (0.48 ± 0展开更多
Currently,detecting SARS-CoV-2 RNAs is a standard approach for COVID-19 diagnosis.However,there is an urgent need for reliable and rapid serological diagnostic methods to screen SARS-CoV-2-infected people including th...Currently,detecting SARS-CoV-2 RNAs is a standard approach for COVID-19 diagnosis.However,there is an urgent need for reliable and rapid serological diagnostic methods to screen SARS-CoV-2-infected people including those who do not have overt symptoms.Most emerging studies described serological tests based on detection of SARS-CoV-2-specific IgM and IgG.1–4 Although detection of SARS-CoV-2-specific IgA in serum has been reported in few papers,5,6 analyses of IgA levels in a larger number of COVID-19 patients are still lacking.展开更多
The distributions of microbial tetraether lipids i.e. glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (GDGTs) were investigated in a variety of Chinese soils featured by a wide range of pH values in different climate zones. The...The distributions of microbial tetraether lipids i.e. glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (GDGTs) were investigated in a variety of Chinese soils featured by a wide range of pH values in different climate zones. The bacterial branched GDGTs and archaeal isoprenoid GDGTs were found to be widely distributed in Chinese soils and their relative abundance was controlled primarily by soil pH. The bacterial bGDGTs usually dominate over archaeal iGDGTs in abundance when the soil pH is below 8.0. However archaeal iGDGTs become dominant and the abundance of halophilic archaea characterized by GDGT V without cyclopentyl ring increases dramatically in the alkaline soil with pH greater than 8.0. The relative abundance of archaeal iGDGTs to bacterial bGDGTs was defined here as RAI index. The RAI index decreases with elevated soil pH and a linear correlation is found between them indicating that the relative abundance of archaeal iGDGTs to bacterial bGDGTs increases with increased pH. The RAI index thus could be a novel proxy of the pH values of paleosol. The terrestrial input index BIT (Branched and Isoprenoid Tetraethers Index) decreases with increased soil pH suggesting that soil pH should be taken into consideration when the terrestrial contribution to marine sediments is estimated by BIT index. Moreover the TEX86 index cannot be used to reconstruct sea surface temperature in the sediments featured by a large terrestrial input.展开更多
文摘Background Recent recognition is that Th2 response is insufficient to fully explain the aetiology of asthma. Other CD4^＋ T cells subsets might play a role in asthma. We investigated the relative abundance and activities of Thl, Th2, Th17 and CD4^＋CD25^＋ Treg cells in patients with allergic asthma. Methods Twenty-two patients with mild asthma, 17 patients with moderate to severe asthma and 20 healthy donors were enrolled. All patients were allergic to house dust mites. Plasma total IgE, pulmonary function and Asthma Control Questionnaire were assessed. The proportions of peripheral blood Thl, Th2, Th17 and CD4^＋CD25^＋ Treg cells were determined by flow cytometry. The expression of cytokines in plasma and Jn the culture supernatant of peripheral blood mononuclear cells was determined by enzyme linked, immunosorbent assay. Results The frequency of blood Th2 cells and IL-4 levels in plasma and culture supernatant of peripheral blood mononuclear cells were increased in all patients with allergic asthma. The frequency of Th17 cells and the plasma and culture supernatant levels of IL-17 were increased, whereas the frequency of CD4^＋CD25^＋ Treg cells and plasma IL-10 levels were decreased in patients with moderate to severe asthma. Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus specific IgE levels were positively correlated with the percentage of blood Th2 cells and plasma IL-4 levels. Forced expiratory volume in the first second was negatively correlated with the frequency of Th17 cells and plasma IL-17 levels, and positively correlated with the frequency of Treg cells. However, mean Asthma Control Questionnaire scores were positively correlated with the frequency of Th17 cells and plasma IL-17 levels, and negatively correlated with the frequency of Treg cells. Conclusions Imbalances in Thl/Th2 and Th17/Treg were found in patients with allergic asthma. Furthermore, elevated Th17 cell responses, the absence of Tregs and an imbalance in Th17/Treg levels were associated with moderate to severe asthma.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81001549National Basic Research Program of China (973 program), No. 2009CB522900+1 种基金Shanghai Health System of Outstanding Young Talent Cultivation Program, No. XYQ2011068Shanghai Rising-Star Program, No. 10QA1406100
文摘AIM: To investigate the effect of moxibustion on intestinal flora and release of interleukin-12 (IL-12) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) from the colon in rat with ulcerative colitis (UC). METHODS: A rat model of UC was established by local stimulation of the intestine with supernatant from colonic contents harvested from human UC patients. A total of 40 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the following groups: normal (sham), model (UC), herb-partition moxibustion (HPM-treated), and positive control sulfasalazine (SA-treated). Rats treated with HPM received HPM at acupuncture points ST25 and RN6, once a day for 15 min, for a total of 8 d. Rats in the SA group were perfused with SA twice a day for 8 d. The colonic histopathology was observed by hematoxylin-eosin. The levels of intestinal flora, including Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Escherichia coli (E. coli), and Bacteroides fragilis (B. fragilis), were tested by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction to detect bacterial 16S rRNA/DNA in order to determine DNA copy numbers of each specific species. Immunohistochemical assays were used to observe the expression of TNF-α and IL-12 in the rat colons. RESULTS: HPM treatment inhibited immunopathology in colonic tissues of UC rats; the general morphological score and the immunopathological score were significantly decreased in the HPM and SA groups compared with the model group [3.5 (2.0-4.0), 3.0 (1.5-3.5) vs 6.0 (5.5-7.0), P < 0.05 for the general morphological score, and 3.00 (2.00-3.50), 3.00 (2.50-3.50) vs 5.00 (4.50-5.50), P < 0.01 for the immunopathological score]. As measured by DNA copy number, we found that Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus, which are associated with a healthy colon, were significantly higher in the HPM and SA groups than in the model group (1.395 ± 1.339, 1.461 ± 1.152 vs 0.045 ± 0.036, P < 0.01 for Bifidobacterium, and 0.395 ± 0.325, 0.851 ± 0.651 vs 0.0015 ± 0.0014, P < 0.01 for Lactobacillus). On the other hand, E. coli and B. fragilis, which are as
基金Supported by National Natural Science foundation of China,No.81571367 and No.81502050Scientific and Technological Project of Shandong Province,No.2016GSf201082
文摘AIM To prospectively evaluate the effect of local wound infiltration with ropivacaine on postoperative pain relief and stress response reduction after open hepatectomy.METHODS A total of 56 patients undergoing open hepatectomy were randomly divided into two groups:a ropivacaine group(wound infiltration with ropivacaine solution)and a control group(infiltration with isotonic saline solution).A visual analog scale(VAS)at rest and on movement was used to measure postoperative pain for the first 48 h after surgery.Mean arterial pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),time to bowel recovery,length of hospitalization after surgery,cumulative sufentanil consumption,and incidence of nausea and vomiting were compared between the two groups.Surgical stress hormones(epinephrine,norepinephrine,and cortisol)were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,and the results were compared. RESULTS VAS scores both at rest and on movement at 24 h and48 h were similar between the two groups.Significantly lower VAS scores were detected at 0,6,and 12 h in the ropivacaine group compared with the control group(P<0.05 for all).MAP was significantly lower at 6,12,and 24 h(P<0.05 for all);HR was significantly lower at 0,6,12,and 24 h(P<0.05 for all);time to bowel recovery and length of hospitalization after surgery(P<0.05 for both)were significantly shortened;and cumulative sufentanil consumption was significantly lower at 6,12,24,and 36 h(P<0.05 for all)in the ropivacaine group than in the control group,although the incidence of nausea and vomiting showed no significant difference between the two groups.The levels of epinephrine,norepinephrine,and cortisol were significantly lower in the ropivacaine group than in the control group at 24 and 48 h(P<0.01 for all). CONCLUSION Local wound infiltration with ropivacaine after open hepatectomy can improve postoperative pain relief,reduce surgical stress response,and accelerate postoperative recovery.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No. 30772831National Basic Research Program of China, 973program, No. 2009CB522900Shanghai Leading Discipline Project, No. S30304
文摘AIM: To investigate the effects of moxibustion on down-regulation of the colonic epithelial cell apoptosis and repair of the tight junctions in rats with Crohn's disease (CD). METHODS: Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a normal control (NC) group, a model control (MC) group, an herbs-partitioned moxibustion (HPM) group, a mild-warm moxibustion (MWM) group and a salicylazosulphapyridine (SASP) group, with 12 rats in each group. The CD model rats were treated with trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid to induce intestinal inflammation. The rats in the HPM and MWM groups were treated at the Tianshu (ST25) and Qihai (CV6) acupoints once daily for 14 d, and the SASP group was fed SASP twice daily for 14 d. No additional treatment was given to the MC and NC groups. Themicrostructure of the colonic epithelium was observed under a transmission electron microscope, the transepithelial resistance was measured using a shortcircuit current, colonic epithelial cell apoptosis was determined by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferasemediated dUTP-biotin nick end labelling assay, and the expression of occludin, claudin-1 and zonula occludens-l (ZO-1) in the colonic epithelial junction was determined by Western blotting and immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS: Compared with the MC group, the microstructure of the colonic epithelial barrier was signifi-cantly improved in rats treated with HPM, MWM or SASP, meanwhile, the current flow was reduced signifi-cantly, with values of 168.20 ± 6.14 vs 99.70 ± 3.13, 99.10 ± 4.28 and 120.30 ± 3.65 mA, respectively (P = 0.001). However, the HPM and MWM groups had higher current flow rates than the SASP group (99.70 ± 3.13, 99.10 ± 4.28 vs 120.30 ± 3.65 mA, P = 0.001). The number of the apoptotic colonic epithelial cells in HPM, MWM and SASP groups was largely reduced (61.5 ± 16.91 vs 15.5 ± 8.89, 14.8 ± 6.27 and 24.7 ± 9.68, respectively (P = 0.001); and the expression of occlu- din, claudin-1 and ZO-1 in the MWM and HPM groups was signifi cantly enhanced (0.48 ± 0
基金We acknowledge funding support from the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB29030104)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.:31870731 and U1732109)+2 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(WK2070000108)a COVID-19 special task grant supported by Chinese Academy of Science Clinical Research Hospital(Hefei)(YD2070002017 and YD2070002001)the new medical science fund of USTC(WK2070000130).
文摘Currently,detecting SARS-CoV-2 RNAs is a standard approach for COVID-19 diagnosis.However,there is an urgent need for reliable and rapid serological diagnostic methods to screen SARS-CoV-2-infected people including those who do not have overt symptoms.Most emerging studies described serological tests based on detection of SARS-CoV-2-specific IgM and IgG.1–4 Although detection of SARS-CoV-2-specific IgA in serum has been reported in few papers,5,6 analyses of IgA levels in a larger number of COVID-19 patients are still lacking.
基金supported by National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2011CB808800)National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 40930210 and 40921062)‘111’ Project (Grant No. B08030)
文摘The distributions of microbial tetraether lipids i.e. glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (GDGTs) were investigated in a variety of Chinese soils featured by a wide range of pH values in different climate zones. The bacterial branched GDGTs and archaeal isoprenoid GDGTs were found to be widely distributed in Chinese soils and their relative abundance was controlled primarily by soil pH. The bacterial bGDGTs usually dominate over archaeal iGDGTs in abundance when the soil pH is below 8.0. However archaeal iGDGTs become dominant and the abundance of halophilic archaea characterized by GDGT V without cyclopentyl ring increases dramatically in the alkaline soil with pH greater than 8.0. The relative abundance of archaeal iGDGTs to bacterial bGDGTs was defined here as RAI index. The RAI index decreases with elevated soil pH and a linear correlation is found between them indicating that the relative abundance of archaeal iGDGTs to bacterial bGDGTs increases with increased pH. The RAI index thus could be a novel proxy of the pH values of paleosol. The terrestrial input index BIT (Branched and Isoprenoid Tetraethers Index) decreases with increased soil pH suggesting that soil pH should be taken into consideration when the terrestrial contribution to marine sediments is estimated by BIT index. Moreover the TEX86 index cannot be used to reconstruct sea surface temperature in the sediments featured by a large terrestrial input.
