Electroacupuncture has been widely used to treat cognitive impairment after cerebral ischemia,but the underlying mechanism has not yet been fully elucidated.Studies have shown that autophagy plays an important role in...Electroacupuncture has been widely used to treat cognitive impairment after cerebral ischemia,but the underlying mechanism has not yet been fully elucidated.Studies have shown that autophagy plays an important role in the formation and development of cognitive impairment,and the phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K)/Akt signaling pathway plays an important role in autophagy regulation.To investigate the role played by the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in the electroacupuncture treatment of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion rat models,we first established a rat model of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion through the occlusion of the middle cerebral artery using the suture method.Starting at 2 hours after modeling,electroacupuncture was delivered at the Shenting(GV24)and Baihui(GV20)acupoints,with a dilatational wave(1-20 Hz frequency,2 mA intensity,6 V peak voltage),for 30 minutes/day over 8 consecutive days.Our results showed that electroacupuncture reduced the infarct volume in a rat model of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury,increased the mRNA expression levels of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathwayrelated factors Beclin-1,mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR),and PI3K,increased the protein expression levels of phosphorylated Akt,Beclin-1,PI3K,and mTOR in the ischemic cerebral cortex,and simultaneously reduced p53 mRNA and protein expression levels.In the Morris water maze test,the latency to find the hidden platform was significantly shortened among rats subjected to electroacupuncture stimulation compared with rats without electroacupuncture stimulation.In the spatial probe test,the number of times that a rat crossed the target quadrant was increased in rats subjected to electroacupuncture stimulation compared with rats without electroacupuncture stimulation.Electroacupuncture stimulation applied to the Shenting(GV24)and Baihui(GV20)acupoints activated the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and improved rat learning and memory impairment.This study was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan Unive展开更多
Background： After the two-child policy is frilly implemented, new challenges regarding pregnancy management and the treatment of pregnancy complications will arise. The aim of this study was to analyze the characteri...Background： After the two-child policy is frilly implemented, new challenges regarding pregnancy management and the treatment of pregnancy complications will arise. The aim of this study was to analyze the characteristics of pregnancy and delivery before and after the implementation of the two-child policy to make suggestions on the quality assurance of the new era of obstetrics. Methods： In total, 5895 cases of pregnant women who delivered from April 2016 to March 2017 in Peking University Third Hospital served as the study group and 5103 cases of pregnant women who delivered from January to December 2015 served as the control group. The characteristics of pregnancy and delivery were retrospectively analyzed. Results： In the study group, the percentage of pregnant women who were older （over 40 years） （3.6% vs. 2.2%）, were multipara （30.3% vs. 17.0%）, received irregular prenatal care （ 1.5% vs. 0.9%）, were transferred for treatment from a subordinate hospital （4.4% vs. 2.8%）, and were not residents of Beijing （3.8% vs. 2.2%）, were significantly increased compared with the control group （P 〈 0.05）. In the study group, the rate of a hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy （6.4% vs. 5.0%）, gestational diabetes mellitus （25.3% vs. 23.1%）, dangerous placenta previa （3.0% vs. 2.3%）, placental implantation （2.4% vs. 1.8%）, and severe postpartum hemorrhage （2.8% vs. 1.9%） was significantly increased compared with the control group （P 〈 0.05）. In the study group, the cesarean section rate during primipara was significantly reduced compared with the control group （42.0% vs. 44.2%）. However, the rate during inultipara was significantly increased compared with the control group （P 〈 0.05）. Indications for cesarean section in the study group as well as the percentages of scared uterus and placenta previa were significantly increased compared with the control group （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusions： According to the current situation, better methods are展开更多
Mitochondria play a kay role in various cell processes including ATP production, Ca^2＋ homeostasis, reactive oxygen species （ROS） generation, and apoptosis. The selective removal of impaired mitochondria by autopha...Mitochondria play a kay role in various cell processes including ATP production, Ca^2＋ homeostasis, reactive oxygen species （ROS） generation, and apoptosis. The selective removal of impaired mitochondria by autophagosome is known as mitophagy. Cerebral ischemia is a common form of stroke caused by insuf- ficient blood supply to the brain. Emerging evidence suggests that mitophagy plays important roles in the pathophysiological process of cerebral ischemia. This review focuses on the relationship between ischemic brain injury and mitophagy. Based on the latest research, it describes how the signaling pathways of mitophagy appear to be involved in cerebral ischemia.展开更多
Background Relapse happens frequently after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation （alIo-HCT） in the patients with Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia （Ph^＋ ALL）. Detection of the...Background Relapse happens frequently after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation （alIo-HCT） in the patients with Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia （Ph^＋ ALL）. Detection of the minimal residual disease （MRD） before and after alIo-HCT is associated with higher relapse rate. Early administration of imatinib after alIo-HCT may prevent recurrent Ph^＋ ALL. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of imatinib in preventing hematological relapse when imatinib was administrated in the first 90 days after alIo-HCT. Methods Patients with Ph^＋ ALL that underwent alIo-HCT were enrolled in a prospective study. A TaqMan-based real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction （RQ-PCR） technique was used to detect the MRD （bcr-abl transcript levels）. Imatinib therapy was initiated prior to 90 days after alIo-HCT if the patient＇s absolute neutrophil count （ANC） was above 1.0×10^9/L （without granulocyte colony-stimulating factor （G-CSF） administration） and the platelet count was greater than 50.0×10^9/L, or if the bcr-abl transcript levels were elevated in two consecutive tests, or if the bcr-abl transcript levels were 〉10.2 after the initial engraftment. The initial daily dose of imatinib was 400 mg/d for adults and 260 mg/m^2 for children （younger than 17 years）. Imatinib was administered for at least I month and the bcr-abl TaqMan results were negative for 3 consecutive tests, or complete molecular remission （CR^mol） was sustained for at least 3 months. Results From May 2005 to October 2008, 29 patients were enrolled in this study, of whom, 19 patients were male and 10 were female. The median age of the enrolled patients was 33 years （range 6-50 years）. Imatinib therapy was started at a median time of 60 days （range 20-122 days） post HCT （only one patient started Imatinib therapy at 122nd day after HCT）. Twenty-five adult patients could tolerate a dose of 300-400 mg/d of imatinib, and three children tolerated 展开更多
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of applying different amounts of water and nitrogen on yield, fruit quality, water use efficiency （WUE）, irrigation water use efficiency （IWUE） and nitrog...The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of applying different amounts of water and nitrogen on yield, fruit quality, water use efficiency （WUE）, irrigation water use efficiency （IWUE） and nitrogen use efficiency （NUE） of drip-irrigated greenhouse tomatoes in northwestern China. The plants were irrigated every seven days at various proportions of 20-cm pan evaporation （Ep）. The experiment consisted of three irrigation levels （11, 50% Ep; 12, 75% Ep; and 13, 100% Ep） and three N application levels （N1, 150 kg N ha^-1; N2, 250 kg N ha^-1;and N3, 350 kg N ha^-1）. Tomato yield increased with the amount of applied irrigation water in 12 and then decreased in 13. WUE and IWUE were the highest in Ii. WUE was 16.5% lower in 12 than that in I1, but yield was 26.6% higher in 12 than that in I1. Tomato yield, WUE, and IWUE were significantly higher in N2 than that in N1 and N3. NUIE decreased with increasing N levels but NUE increased with increase the amount of water applied. Increasing both water and N levels increased the foliar net photosynthetic rate. I1 and 12 treatments significantly increased the contents of total soluble solids （TSS）, vitamin C （VC）, lycopene, soluble sugars （SS）, and organic acids （OA） and the sugar：acid ratio in the fruit and decreased the nitrate content. TSS, VC, lycopene, and SS contents were the highest in N2. The harvest index （HI） was the highest in 12N2. 12N2 provided the optimal combination of tomato yield, fruit quality, and WUE. The irrigation and fertilisation regime of 75% Ep and 250 kg N ha^-1 was the best strategy of water and N management for the production of drip-irrigated greenhouse tomato.展开更多
AIM To investigate the potential effect of curcumin on hepatitis B virus(HBV) covalently closed circular DNA(ccc DNA) and the underlying mechanism.METHODS A Hep G2.2.15 cell line stably transfected with HBV was treate...AIM To investigate the potential effect of curcumin on hepatitis B virus(HBV) covalently closed circular DNA(ccc DNA) and the underlying mechanism.METHODS A Hep G2.2.15 cell line stably transfected with HBV was treated with curcumin, and HBV surface antigen(HBs Ag) and e antigen(HBe Ag) expression levels were assessed by ELISA. Intracellular HBV DNA replication intermediates and ccc DNA were detected by Southern blot and real-time PCR, respectively. The acetylation levels of histones H3 and H4 were measured by Western blot. H3/H4-bound ccc DNA was detected by chromatin immunoprecipitation(Ch IP) assays. The deacetylase inhibitors trichostatin A and sodium butyrate were used to study the mechanism of action for curcumin. Additionally, short interfering RNAs(si RNAs) targeting HBV were tested along with curcumin.RESULTS Curcumin treatment led to time-and dose-dependent reductions in HBs Ag and HBe Ag expression and significant reductions in intracellular HBV DNA replication intermediates and HBV ccc DNA. After treatment with 20 μmol/L curcumin for 2 d, HBs Ag and ccc DNA levels in Hep G2.2.15 cells were reduced by up to 57.7%(P < 0.01) and 75.5%(P < 0.01), respectively, compared with levels in non-treated cells. Meanwhile, time-and dose-dependent reductions in the histone H3 acetylation levels were also detected upon treatment with curcumin, accompanied by reductions in H3-and H4-bound ccc DNA. Furthermore, the deacetylase inhibitors trichostatin A and sodium butyrate could block the effects of curcumin. Additionally, transfection of si RNAs targeting HBV enhanced the inhibitory effects of curcumin.CONCLUSION Curcumin inhibits HBV gene replication via downregulation of ccc DNA-bound histone acetylation and has the potential to be developed as a ccc DNA-targeting antiviral agent for hepatitis B.展开更多
Insulin resistance is the pathophysiological basis of many diseases.Overcoming early insulin resistance highly significant in prevention diabetes,non-alcoholic fatty liver,and atherosclerosis.The present study aimed a...Insulin resistance is the pathophysiological basis of many diseases.Overcoming early insulin resistance highly significant in prevention diabetes,non-alcoholic fatty liver,and atherosclerosis.The present study aimed at evaluating the therapeutic effects of baicalin on insulin resistance and skeletal muscle ectopic fat storage in high fat diet-induced mice,and exploring the potential molecular mechanisms.Insulin resistance in mice was induced with a high fat diet for 16 weeks.Animals were then treated with three different doses of baicalin(100,200,and 400 mg·kg^(-1)·d^(-1)for 14 weeks.Fasting blood glucose,fasting serum insulin,glucose tolerance test(GTT),insulin tolerance test(ITT),and skeletal muscle lipid deposition were measured.Additionally,the AMP-activated protein kinase/acetyl-CoA carboxylase and protein kinase B/Glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta pathways in skeletal muscle were further evaluated.Baicalin significantly reduced the levels of fasting blood glucose and fasting serum insulin and attenuated high fat diet induced glucose tolerance and insulin tolerance.Moreover,insulin resistance was significantly reversed.Pathological analysis revealed baicalin dose-dependently decreased the degree of the ectopic fat storage in skeletal muscle.The properties of baicalin were mediated,at least in part,by inhibition of the AMPK/ACC pathway,a key regulator of de novo lipogenesis and activation of the Akt/GSK-3β pathway,a key regulator of Glycogen synthesis.These data suggest that baicalin,at dose up to 400 mg·kg^(-1)·d^(-1),is safe and able to attenuate insulin resistance and skeletal muscle ectopic fat storage,through modulating the skeletal muscle AMPK/ACC pathway and Akt/GSK-3β pathway.展开更多
Background The role of chronic hyperglycaemia as a coronary artery disease （CAD） risk factor is well-known, and the glycemic variability is still a matter of debate. The aim of this study was to investigate the asso...Background The role of chronic hyperglycaemia as a coronary artery disease （CAD） risk factor is well-known, and the glycemic variability is still a matter of debate. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of admission glycemic excursion and hemoglobin Alc （HbA1c） with the presence and severity of CAD in patients with undiagnosed diabetes mellitus （DM）. Methods We studied 286 newly diagnosed DM patients without prior revascularization undergoing coronary angiography for suspected ischaemic chest pain. Patients were grouped into those with CAD and without CAD according to angiographic results. The severity of CAD was assessed using the Gensini score. Glycemic variability, indicated as the mean amplitude of glycemic excursions （MAGE）, was determined by a continuous glucose monitoring system. Serum levels of HbA1c and high-sensitive C-reactive protein （hs-CRP） as well as plasma concentrations of fasting glucose, lipids and creatinine were measured in all patients. Predictors of CAD were determined using multivariate Logistic regression model and receiver-operating characteristic （ROC） curves. Results The newly diagnosed DM patients with CAD were older, and more were male and current cigarette smokers compared with the patients without CAD. The CAD group had significantly higher levels of MAGE and HbA1c. Individuals with high levels of HbA1c （〉7%） or MAGE （〉3.4 mmol/L） had also significantly higher CAD prevalence. Logistic regression analysis revealed that high MAGE level and high HbA1c level were independent predictors for CAD. The area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve for MAGE （0.606, P=0.005） was superior to that for HbA1c （0.582, P=0.028）. Gensini score closely correlated with age, MAGE, HbA^c, hs-CRP, creatinine and total cholesterol. Multivariate analysis indicated that age （P 〈0.001）, MAGE （P 〈0.001）, HbA1c （P=0.022） and hs-CRP （P=0.005） were independent determinants for Gensini score. Conclusions Both admission g展开更多
BACKGROUND Endothelial dysfunction,a hallmark of diabetes,is a critical and initiating contributor to the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiovascular complications.However,the underlying mechanisms are still not fully und...BACKGROUND Endothelial dysfunction,a hallmark of diabetes,is a critical and initiating contributor to the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiovascular complications.However,the underlying mechanisms are still not fully understood.Ferroptosis is a newly defined regulated cell death driven by cellular metabolism and irondependent lipid peroxidation.Although the involvement of ferroptosis in disease pathogenesis has been shown in cancers and degenerative diseases,the participation of ferroptosis in the pathogenesis of diabetic endothelial dysfunction remains unclear.AIM To examine the role of ferroptosis in diabetes-induced endothelial dysfunction and the underlying mechanisms.METHODS Human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs)were treated with high glucose(HG),interleukin-1β(IL-1β),and ferroptosis inhibitor,and then the cell viability,reactive oxygen species(ROS),and ferroptosis-related marker protein were tested.To further determine whether the p53-xCT(the substrate-specific subunit of system Xc-)-glutathione(GSH)axis is involved in HG and IL-1βinduced ferroptosis,HUVECs were transiently transfected with p53 small interfering ribonucleic acid or NC small interfering ribonucleic acid and then treated with HG and IL-1β.Cell viability,ROS,and ferroptosis-related marker protein were then assessed.In addition,we detected the xCT and p53 expression in the aorta of db/db mice.RESULTS It was found that HG and IL-1βinduced ferroptosis in HUVECs,as evidenced by the protective effect of the ferroptosis inhibitors,Deferoxamine and ferrostatin-1,resulting in increased lipid ROS and decreased cell viability.Mechanistically,activation of the p53-xCT-GSH axis induced by HG and IL-1βenhanced ferroptosis in HUVECs.In addition,a decrease in xCT and the presence of deendothelialized areas were observed in the aortic endothelium of db/db mice.CONCLUSION Ferroptosis is involved in endothelial dysfunction and p53-xCT-GSH axis activation plays a crucial role in endothelial cell ferroptosis and endothelial dysfunction.展开更多
Background:The current deep learning diagnosis of breast masses is mainly reflected by the diagnosis of benign and malignant lesions.In China,breast masses are divided into four categories according to the treatment m...Background:The current deep learning diagnosis of breast masses is mainly reflected by the diagnosis of benign and malignant lesions.In China,breast masses are divided into four categories according to the treatment method:inflammatory masses,adenosis,benign tumors,and malignant tumors.These categorizations are important for guiding clinical treatment.In this study,we aimed to develop a convolutional neural network(CNN)for classification of these four breast mass types using ultrasound(US)images.Methods:Taking breast biopsy or pathological examinations as the reference standard,CNNs were used to establish models for the four-way classification of 3623 breast cancer patients from 13 centers.The patients were randomly divided into training and test groups(n=1810 vs.n=1813).Separate models were created for two-dimensional(2D)images only,2D and color Doppler flow imaging(2D-CDFI),and 2D-CDFI and pulsed wave Doppler(2D-CDFI-PW)images.The performance of these three models was compared using sensitivity,specificity,area under receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC),positive(PPV)and negative predictive values(NPV),positive(LR+)and negative likelihood ratios(LR-),and the performance of the 2D model was further compared between masses of different sizes with above statistical indicators,between images from different hospitals with AUC,and with the performance of 37 radiologists.Results:The accuracies of the 2D,2D-CDFI,and 2D-CDFI-PW models on the test set were 87.9%,89.2%,and 88.7%,respectively.The AUCs for classification of benign tumors,malignant tumors,inflammatory masses,and adenosis were 0.90,0.91,0.90,and 0.89,respectively(95%confidence intervals[CIs],0.87-0.91,0.89-0.92,0.87-0.91,and 0.86-0.90).The 2D-CDFI model showed better accuracy(89.2%)on the test set than the 2D(87.9%)and 2D-CDFI-PW(88.7%)models.The 2D model showed accuracy of 81.7%on breast masses≤1 cm and 82.3%on breast masses>1 cm;there was a significant difference between the two groups(P<0.001).The accuracy of the CNN classifications for the test s展开更多
Objective:To investigate the preventive and therapeutic effect and mechanism of simvastatin on secondary inflammatory damage of rats with cerebral hemorrhage.Methods:Sixty SD rat aged 9-12 weeks were chosen and divide...Objective:To investigate the preventive and therapeutic effect and mechanism of simvastatin on secondary inflammatory damage of rats with cerebral hemorrhage.Methods:Sixty SD rat aged 9-12 weeks were chosen and divided into the control group,model group and simvastatintreated group randomly with 20 rats in each group.Rats in the model group and simvastatintreated group were infused with autologous fresh uncoagulated blood to the right brain tissue of the basal ganglia to build the cerebral hemorrhage model,while rats in the control group were treated with the same amount of normal saline.Then,rats in the simvastatin-treated group were given a gavage of 3 mg/kg of simvastatin once a day after modeling.Rats in the three groups were given nerve dysfunction score(NDS) and wet-dry weighting method was used to detect the brain water content(BWC) of brain tissues around the lesion of the rats.Then Nissl staining was conducted and the undamaged neurons were counted.Immunohistochemical SP method was applied to count the number of NF-d the immuno fluorκB,TLR4 and IL-1escence method wasβ positive cells in brain tissues around the lesions,an employed to determine the expression levels of NF-κB,TLR4 and IL-1me points were aβ proteins.Results:The NDS results of the simvastatin-treated group at all till significantly higher than those of the model group(P < 0.05);the BWC values of the simvastatin-treated group at all time points were all significantly lower than those of the model group at the same periods(P < 0.05);the number of the undamaged neurons around the lesions of the simvastatin-treated group at all time points were all significantly higher than those of the model group(P < 0.05);seven days after treatment,the number of the NF-κB,TLR4 and IL-1β positive cells in brain tissues around the lesions of the simvastatin-treated group were all significantly lower than those of the model group(P < 0.05),and its expression levels of NF-ower than those of the model group(κB,TLR4 and IL-1P < 0.05).Conclusioβ protein were 展开更多
Objective This article aims to review recent studies on the biological characteristics of long non-coding RNAs （IncRNAs）, transcription regulation by IncRNAs, and the results of recent studies on the mechanism of ac...Objective This article aims to review recent studies on the biological characteristics of long non-coding RNAs （IncRNAs）, transcription regulation by IncRNAs, and the results of recent studies on the mechanism of action of IncRNAs in tumor development. Data sources The data cited in this review were mainly obtained from the articles listed in PubMed and HighWire that were published from January 2002 to June 2010. The search terms were ＂long non-coding RNA＂, ＂gene regulation＂, and ＂tumor＂. Study selection The mechanism of IncRNAs in gene expression regulation, and tumors concerned with IncRNAs and the role of IncRNAs in oncogenesis. Results IncRNAs play an important role in transcription control, and post-transcriptional controlling. IncRNAs are suppressing and promoting factors. regulation by controlling chromatin remodeling, transcriptional involved in many kinds of tumors and play key roles as both Conclusion IncRNAs could perfectly regulate the balance of gene expression system and play important roles in oncogenic cellular transformation.展开更多
Background:Benvitimod cream,a novel synthetic small molecule,was effective in treating mild-to-moderate plaque psoriasis.We conducted a phase III clinical trial to assess the efficacy and safety of benvitimod cream in...Background:Benvitimod cream,a novel synthetic small molecule,was effective in treating mild-to-moderate plaque psoriasis.We conducted a phase III clinical trial to assess the efficacy and safety of benvitimod cream in patients with mild-to-moderate plaque psoriasis.Methods:We randomly assigned 686 patients(2:1:1)to receive 1%benvitimod cream,0.005%calcipotriol ointment or placebo twice a day for 12 weeks.The primary efficacy end points were the percentage of patients with a 75%or greater reduction from baseline in the psoriasis area and severity index(PASI 75)score and with a score of 0 or 1 in static physician’s global assessment(sPGA)at week 12.Results:The results showed that 50.4%of patients in the benvitimod group achieved PASI 75,which was significantly higher than that in the calcipotriol(38.5%,P<0.05)and placebo(13.9%,P<0.05)groups.The proportion of patients achieving an sPGA score 0 or 1 was 66.3%in the benvitimod group and 63.9%in the calcipotriol group,which were both significantly higher than that in the placebo group(34%,P<0.05).In the long-term follow-up study,50.8%of patients experienced recurrence.After retreatment with 1%benvitimod,73.3%of patients achieved an sPGA score of 0 or 1 again at week 52.Adverse events included application site irritation,follicular papules,and contact dermatitis.No systemic adverse reactions were reported.Conclusion:During this 12-week study,benvitimod cream was demonstrated with high effectiveness and safety in patients with mild-to-moderate plaque psoriasis.展开更多
Transgenic Bt rice has been shown to be an effective means of controlling Lepidoptera pests of rice. However, the potential roles of transgenic rice on planthoppers and their predators need to be investigated before i...Transgenic Bt rice has been shown to be an effective means of controlling Lepidoptera pests of rice. However, the potential roles of transgenic rice on planthoppers and their predators need to be investigated before its commercialization. Population density, species dominance and population dynamics are important parameters of arthropods populations in field. So the impacts of three transgenic Bt rice strains expressing crylAb/crylAc, crylC and cry2A on population density, species dominance and population dynamics of three species of planthoppers （Nilaparvata lugens, Sogatella furcifera and Laodelphax striatellus） and their three main predators （ Cyrtorhinus lividipennis, Pirata subpiraticus and Theridium octomaculatum） were evaluated at three sites in Hubei Province, China, in the current study. The results showed that among three species of planthoppers, both in transgenic and non-transgenic rice field, the predominant species ofplanthoppers within phytophagous guild was S. furcifera at any site either growing season （46-50%）. Significantly higher population density ofN. lugens was observed in T2A-1 field relative to Minghui 63 field at Wuxue in 2010. The species dominance of predator, P. subpiraticus, in TT51 field was significantly higher than that in T 1 C-19 and T2A-1 fields in 2009 at Xiaogan site. Sampling date significantly influenced six arthropods except for P. subpiraticus in 2010. The interaction between rice strain^sampling date had no significant adverse effects on the population dynamics of three species of planthoppers and their predators, except for several individual species in 2009. The interaction among rice strain^sampling date^sampling site also had no significant effect on six arthropods except for S. furcifera in 2009. The results indicated that transgenic Bt rice expressing crylAb/crylAc, cry2A and crylC had no significant adverse effects on the population dynamics of three planthoppers and their predators in most investigated data and sampling site.展开更多
BACKGROUND：Biomarkers may be helpful in risk stratification and prediction of mortality in septic patients. This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic role of soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cel...BACKGROUND：Biomarkers may be helpful in risk stratification and prediction of mortality in septic patients. This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic role of soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid celI-I（sTREM-1）, procalcitonin （PCT）, C-reactive protein （CRP） and other inflammatory markers in patients with sepsis. METHODS：A total of 56 patients with systemic inflammation response syndrome （SIRS） who had been admitted to the ICU department of the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University between May 2009 and July 2010 were enrolled. They were divided into a sepsis group （n=32） and a SIRS group （n=24）. Twenty-five non-SIRS patients served as controls. The sepsis group was sub-divided into a survival group and a death group according to 28-day prognosis. The values of sTREM-1, PCT, CRP, white blood cell （WBC）, and neutrophil count percentage （N） were measured. Acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II （APACHE II） score were determined within 24 hours. The correlation between sTREM-1 and APACHE II score was analyzed. Quantitative data were analyzed by the F test or the KruskaI-Wallis test. RESULTS： The plasma level of sTREM-1 in the sepsis group was significantly higher than that in the SIRS group and control group. The plasma level of sTREM-1 in the non-survival group was significantly higher than that in the survival group. In the sepsis group, the plasma sTREM-1 level was positively correlated with APACHE II score （rs=0.426, P= 0.032）. The area under the ROC curve of sTREM-1 was 0.935, larger than that of PCT and CRP. CONCLUSION：Plasma sTREM-1 is useful in the diagnosis of sepsis at early stage. The increased level of sTREM-1 during the first 24 hours may be correlated with poor outcome of patients with sepsis.展开更多
Background： Lipid storage myopathy （LSM） is a genetically heterogeneous group with variable clinical phenotypes. Late-onset multiple acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenation deficiency （MADD） is a rather common form of LS...Background： Lipid storage myopathy （LSM） is a genetically heterogeneous group with variable clinical phenotypes. Late-onset multiple acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenation deficiency （MADD） is a rather common form of LSM in China. Diagnosis and clinical management of it remain challenging, especially without robust muscle biopsy result and genetic detection. As the noninvasion and convenience, muscle magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） is a helpful assistant, diagnostic tool for neuromuscular disorders. However, the disease-specific MRI patterns of muscle involved and its diagnostic value in late-onset MADD have not been systematic analyzed. Methods： We assessed the MRI pattern and fat infiltration degree of the lower limb muscles in 28 late-onset MADD patients, combined with detailed clinical features and gene spectrum. Fat infiltration degree of the thigh muscle was scored while that ofgluteus was described as obvious or not. Associated muscular atrophy was defined as obvious muscle bulk reduction. Results： The mean scores were significantly different among the anterior, medial, and posterior thigh muscle groups. The mean of fat infiltration scores on posterior thigh muscle group was significantly higher than either anterior or medial thigh muscle group （P 〈 0.00 l）. Moreover, the mean score on medial thigh muscle group was significantly higher than that of anterior thigh muscle group （P 〈 0.01）. About half of the patients displayed fat infiltration and atrophy in gluteus muscles. Of 28 patients, 12 exhibited atrophy in medial and/ or posterior thigh muscle groups, especially in posterior thigh muscle group. Muscle edema pattern was not found in all the patients. Conclusions： Late-onset MADD patients show a typical muscular imaging pattern of fat infiltration and atrophy on anterior, posterior, and medial thigh muscle groups, with major involvement of posterior thigh muscle group and gluteus muscles and a sparing involvement of anterior thigh compartment. Our findings also suggest that mus展开更多
Objective To investigate the pharmacokinetic effects of baicalin on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) after iv administration in rats. Methods The cerebral I/R rats were induced by occluding the bilateral carotid ar...Objective To investigate the pharmacokinetic effects of baicalin on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) after iv administration in rats. Methods The cerebral I/R rats were induced by occluding the bilateral carotid arteries of normal rats for 2 h, followed by reperfusion. The resultant animals were immediately iv administrated with baicalin (90 mg/kg), whilst the same dose of baicalin was injected to the normal rats. Plasma samples were collected at different time to construct pharmacokinetic profiles by plotting drug concentration vs time. Quantification of baicalin in rat plasma was achieved using a simple and rapid HPLC method. Results In normal rats, the major parameters of distribution half-life, elimination half-life, area under the plasma concentration-time (AUC), apparent volume of distribution (Vd), and clearance (CL), estimated by an open two-compartmental model, were 0.8868 min, 26.0968 min, 149.6204 mg/min·L, 4.765 L/kg, and 0.5776 L/ kg·min), respectively. However, in I/R rats, the corresponding parameters were 2.084 min, 34.4998 min, 260.0188 μg·min/L, 5.9376 L/kg, and 0.334 L/(kg·min), respectively. Conclusion The cerebral I/R could significantly increase AUC and Vd values, decrease CL values, and prolong the terminal half-life of baicalin. These findings suggest that the injuries of I/R could play an important role in pharmacokinetic process of baicalin.展开更多
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome(SFTS)is an emerging infectious disease caused by severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus(SFTSV).SFTSV has been found in humans,ticks and animals,and SFTS has high ...Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome(SFTS)is an emerging infectious disease caused by severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus(SFTSV).SFTSV has been found in humans,ticks and animals,and SFTS has high mortality and increasing prevalence in East Asia.In the study,the samples(heart,liver,lung,kidney,spleen,brain tissue and serum)were collected from 374 domestic animals and 241 wild animals in Pingqiao District and Xinxian County of Xinyang in Henan Province,China.275(44.72%,275/615)animals were positive for anti-SFTSV antibodies,the anti-SFTSV antibodies positive ratios of domestic and wild animals were 43.58%(163/374)and 46.47%(112/241),respectively.There was no significant difference in domestic and wild animals,but significant differences were detected among different species of animals(x^2=112.59,P<0.0001).Among 615 animals,105(17.07%,105/615)animals were positive for SFTSV RNA,and only one SFTSV strain was isolated from heart tissue of a yellow weasel.The phylogenetic analysis shows that the sequence from animals belonged to the same group with viral sequences obtained from humans.The animals maybe play a reservoir host in maintaining the life cycle of SFTSV in nature.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81574042the Traditional Chinese Medicine Special Research Projects of Henan Province of China,No.2018JDZX011(both to XDF).
文摘Electroacupuncture has been widely used to treat cognitive impairment after cerebral ischemia,but the underlying mechanism has not yet been fully elucidated.Studies have shown that autophagy plays an important role in the formation and development of cognitive impairment,and the phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K)/Akt signaling pathway plays an important role in autophagy regulation.To investigate the role played by the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in the electroacupuncture treatment of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion rat models,we first established a rat model of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion through the occlusion of the middle cerebral artery using the suture method.Starting at 2 hours after modeling,electroacupuncture was delivered at the Shenting(GV24)and Baihui(GV20)acupoints,with a dilatational wave(1-20 Hz frequency,2 mA intensity,6 V peak voltage),for 30 minutes/day over 8 consecutive days.Our results showed that electroacupuncture reduced the infarct volume in a rat model of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury,increased the mRNA expression levels of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathwayrelated factors Beclin-1,mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR),and PI3K,increased the protein expression levels of phosphorylated Akt,Beclin-1,PI3K,and mTOR in the ischemic cerebral cortex,and simultaneously reduced p53 mRNA and protein expression levels.In the Morris water maze test,the latency to find the hidden platform was significantly shortened among rats subjected to electroacupuncture stimulation compared with rats without electroacupuncture stimulation.In the spatial probe test,the number of times that a rat crossed the target quadrant was increased in rats subjected to electroacupuncture stimulation compared with rats without electroacupuncture stimulation.Electroacupuncture stimulation applied to the Shenting(GV24)and Baihui(GV20)acupoints activated the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and improved rat learning and memory impairment.This study was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan Unive
文摘Background： After the two-child policy is frilly implemented, new challenges regarding pregnancy management and the treatment of pregnancy complications will arise. The aim of this study was to analyze the characteristics of pregnancy and delivery before and after the implementation of the two-child policy to make suggestions on the quality assurance of the new era of obstetrics. Methods： In total, 5895 cases of pregnant women who delivered from April 2016 to March 2017 in Peking University Third Hospital served as the study group and 5103 cases of pregnant women who delivered from January to December 2015 served as the control group. The characteristics of pregnancy and delivery were retrospectively analyzed. Results： In the study group, the percentage of pregnant women who were older （over 40 years） （3.6% vs. 2.2%）, were multipara （30.3% vs. 17.0%）, received irregular prenatal care （ 1.5% vs. 0.9%）, were transferred for treatment from a subordinate hospital （4.4% vs. 2.8%）, and were not residents of Beijing （3.8% vs. 2.2%）, were significantly increased compared with the control group （P 〈 0.05）. In the study group, the rate of a hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy （6.4% vs. 5.0%）, gestational diabetes mellitus （25.3% vs. 23.1%）, dangerous placenta previa （3.0% vs. 2.3%）, placental implantation （2.4% vs. 1.8%）, and severe postpartum hemorrhage （2.8% vs. 1.9%） was significantly increased compared with the control group （P 〈 0.05）. In the study group, the cesarean section rate during primipara was significantly reduced compared with the control group （42.0% vs. 44.2%）. However, the rate during inultipara was significantly increased compared with the control group （P 〈 0.05）. Indications for cesarean section in the study group as well as the percentages of scared uterus and placenta previa were significantly increased compared with the control group （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusions： According to the current situation, better methods are
基金This work was funded by the Faculty Research Grant of Hong Kong Baptist University （FRG2/15-16/022） and the Guandong Natural Science Foundation （2014A030313766 and 2016A030313008）.
文摘Mitochondria play a kay role in various cell processes including ATP production, Ca^2＋ homeostasis, reactive oxygen species （ROS） generation, and apoptosis. The selective removal of impaired mitochondria by autophagosome is known as mitophagy. Cerebral ischemia is a common form of stroke caused by insuf- ficient blood supply to the brain. Emerging evidence suggests that mitophagy plays important roles in the pathophysiological process of cerebral ischemia. This review focuses on the relationship between ischemic brain injury and mitophagy. Based on the latest research, it describes how the signaling pathways of mitophagy appear to be involved in cerebral ischemia.
文摘Background Relapse happens frequently after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation （alIo-HCT） in the patients with Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia （Ph^＋ ALL）. Detection of the minimal residual disease （MRD） before and after alIo-HCT is associated with higher relapse rate. Early administration of imatinib after alIo-HCT may prevent recurrent Ph^＋ ALL. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of imatinib in preventing hematological relapse when imatinib was administrated in the first 90 days after alIo-HCT. Methods Patients with Ph^＋ ALL that underwent alIo-HCT were enrolled in a prospective study. A TaqMan-based real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction （RQ-PCR） technique was used to detect the MRD （bcr-abl transcript levels）. Imatinib therapy was initiated prior to 90 days after alIo-HCT if the patient＇s absolute neutrophil count （ANC） was above 1.0×10^9/L （without granulocyte colony-stimulating factor （G-CSF） administration） and the platelet count was greater than 50.0×10^9/L, or if the bcr-abl transcript levels were elevated in two consecutive tests, or if the bcr-abl transcript levels were 〉10.2 after the initial engraftment. The initial daily dose of imatinib was 400 mg/d for adults and 260 mg/m^2 for children （younger than 17 years）. Imatinib was administered for at least I month and the bcr-abl TaqMan results were negative for 3 consecutive tests, or complete molecular remission （CR^mol） was sustained for at least 3 months. Results From May 2005 to October 2008, 29 patients were enrolled in this study, of whom, 19 patients were male and 10 were female. The median age of the enrolled patients was 33 years （range 6-50 years）. Imatinib therapy was started at a median time of 60 days （range 20-122 days） post HCT （only one patient started Imatinib therapy at 122nd day after HCT）. Twenty-five adult patients could tolerate a dose of 300-400 mg/d of imatinib, and three children tolerated
基金supported by grants from the National High-Tech R&D Program of China(863 Program)(2013AA103004)the Water and Technology Support Plan of Shaanxi Province,China(2014slkj-17)
文摘The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of applying different amounts of water and nitrogen on yield, fruit quality, water use efficiency （WUE）, irrigation water use efficiency （IWUE） and nitrogen use efficiency （NUE） of drip-irrigated greenhouse tomatoes in northwestern China. The plants were irrigated every seven days at various proportions of 20-cm pan evaporation （Ep）. The experiment consisted of three irrigation levels （11, 50% Ep; 12, 75% Ep; and 13, 100% Ep） and three N application levels （N1, 150 kg N ha^-1; N2, 250 kg N ha^-1;and N3, 350 kg N ha^-1）. Tomato yield increased with the amount of applied irrigation water in 12 and then decreased in 13. WUE and IWUE were the highest in Ii. WUE was 16.5% lower in 12 than that in I1, but yield was 26.6% higher in 12 than that in I1. Tomato yield, WUE, and IWUE were significantly higher in N2 than that in N1 and N3. NUIE decreased with increasing N levels but NUE increased with increase the amount of water applied. Increasing both water and N levels increased the foliar net photosynthetic rate. I1 and 12 treatments significantly increased the contents of total soluble solids （TSS）, vitamin C （VC）, lycopene, soluble sugars （SS）, and organic acids （OA） and the sugar：acid ratio in the fruit and decreased the nitrate content. TSS, VC, lycopene, and SS contents were the highest in N2. The harvest index （HI） was the highest in 12N2. 12N2 provided the optimal combination of tomato yield, fruit quality, and WUE. The irrigation and fertilisation regime of 75% Ep and 250 kg N ha^-1 was the best strategy of water and N management for the production of drip-irrigated greenhouse tomato.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81541140Natural Science Foundation of Hubei province of China,No.2014CFB645+2 种基金Research and Development project of the Science and Technology plan of Hubei province,No.2011BCB030Foundation for Innovative Research Teamof Hubei University of Medicine,No.2014CXG05Key program for precision Medicine of Taihe Hospital,No.2016JZ05
文摘AIM To investigate the potential effect of curcumin on hepatitis B virus(HBV) covalently closed circular DNA(ccc DNA) and the underlying mechanism.METHODS A Hep G2.2.15 cell line stably transfected with HBV was treated with curcumin, and HBV surface antigen(HBs Ag) and e antigen(HBe Ag) expression levels were assessed by ELISA. Intracellular HBV DNA replication intermediates and ccc DNA were detected by Southern blot and real-time PCR, respectively. The acetylation levels of histones H3 and H4 were measured by Western blot. H3/H4-bound ccc DNA was detected by chromatin immunoprecipitation(Ch IP) assays. The deacetylase inhibitors trichostatin A and sodium butyrate were used to study the mechanism of action for curcumin. Additionally, short interfering RNAs(si RNAs) targeting HBV were tested along with curcumin.RESULTS Curcumin treatment led to time-and dose-dependent reductions in HBs Ag and HBe Ag expression and significant reductions in intracellular HBV DNA replication intermediates and HBV ccc DNA. After treatment with 20 μmol/L curcumin for 2 d, HBs Ag and ccc DNA levels in Hep G2.2.15 cells were reduced by up to 57.7%(P < 0.01) and 75.5%(P < 0.01), respectively, compared with levels in non-treated cells. Meanwhile, time-and dose-dependent reductions in the histone H3 acetylation levels were also detected upon treatment with curcumin, accompanied by reductions in H3-and H4-bound ccc DNA. Furthermore, the deacetylase inhibitors trichostatin A and sodium butyrate could block the effects of curcumin. Additionally, transfection of si RNAs targeting HBV enhanced the inhibitory effects of curcumin.CONCLUSION Curcumin inhibits HBV gene replication via downregulation of ccc DNA-bound histone acetylation and has the potential to be developed as a ccc DNA-targeting antiviral agent for hepatitis B.
基金supported by a grant provided by Southeast University(No.9224007044)
文摘Insulin resistance is the pathophysiological basis of many diseases.Overcoming early insulin resistance highly significant in prevention diabetes,non-alcoholic fatty liver,and atherosclerosis.The present study aimed at evaluating the therapeutic effects of baicalin on insulin resistance and skeletal muscle ectopic fat storage in high fat diet-induced mice,and exploring the potential molecular mechanisms.Insulin resistance in mice was induced with a high fat diet for 16 weeks.Animals were then treated with three different doses of baicalin(100,200,and 400 mg·kg^(-1)·d^(-1)for 14 weeks.Fasting blood glucose,fasting serum insulin,glucose tolerance test(GTT),insulin tolerance test(ITT),and skeletal muscle lipid deposition were measured.Additionally,the AMP-activated protein kinase/acetyl-CoA carboxylase and protein kinase B/Glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta pathways in skeletal muscle were further evaluated.Baicalin significantly reduced the levels of fasting blood glucose and fasting serum insulin and attenuated high fat diet induced glucose tolerance and insulin tolerance.Moreover,insulin resistance was significantly reversed.Pathological analysis revealed baicalin dose-dependently decreased the degree of the ectopic fat storage in skeletal muscle.The properties of baicalin were mediated,at least in part,by inhibition of the AMPK/ACC pathway,a key regulator of de novo lipogenesis and activation of the Akt/GSK-3β pathway,a key regulator of Glycogen synthesis.These data suggest that baicalin,at dose up to 400 mg·kg^(-1)·d^(-1),is safe and able to attenuate insulin resistance and skeletal muscle ectopic fat storage,through modulating the skeletal muscle AMPK/ACC pathway and Akt/GSK-3β pathway.
文摘Background The role of chronic hyperglycaemia as a coronary artery disease （CAD） risk factor is well-known, and the glycemic variability is still a matter of debate. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of admission glycemic excursion and hemoglobin Alc （HbA1c） with the presence and severity of CAD in patients with undiagnosed diabetes mellitus （DM）. Methods We studied 286 newly diagnosed DM patients without prior revascularization undergoing coronary angiography for suspected ischaemic chest pain. Patients were grouped into those with CAD and without CAD according to angiographic results. The severity of CAD was assessed using the Gensini score. Glycemic variability, indicated as the mean amplitude of glycemic excursions （MAGE）, was determined by a continuous glucose monitoring system. Serum levels of HbA1c and high-sensitive C-reactive protein （hs-CRP） as well as plasma concentrations of fasting glucose, lipids and creatinine were measured in all patients. Predictors of CAD were determined using multivariate Logistic regression model and receiver-operating characteristic （ROC） curves. Results The newly diagnosed DM patients with CAD were older, and more were male and current cigarette smokers compared with the patients without CAD. The CAD group had significantly higher levels of MAGE and HbA1c. Individuals with high levels of HbA1c （〉7%） or MAGE （〉3.4 mmol/L） had also significantly higher CAD prevalence. Logistic regression analysis revealed that high MAGE level and high HbA1c level were independent predictors for CAD. The area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve for MAGE （0.606, P=0.005） was superior to that for HbA1c （0.582, P=0.028）. Gensini score closely correlated with age, MAGE, HbA^c, hs-CRP, creatinine and total cholesterol. Multivariate analysis indicated that age （P 〈0.001）, MAGE （P 〈0.001）, HbA1c （P=0.022） and hs-CRP （P=0.005） were independent determinants for Gensini score. Conclusions Both admission g
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81800244 and No.81670237.
文摘BACKGROUND Endothelial dysfunction,a hallmark of diabetes,is a critical and initiating contributor to the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiovascular complications.However,the underlying mechanisms are still not fully understood.Ferroptosis is a newly defined regulated cell death driven by cellular metabolism and irondependent lipid peroxidation.Although the involvement of ferroptosis in disease pathogenesis has been shown in cancers and degenerative diseases,the participation of ferroptosis in the pathogenesis of diabetic endothelial dysfunction remains unclear.AIM To examine the role of ferroptosis in diabetes-induced endothelial dysfunction and the underlying mechanisms.METHODS Human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs)were treated with high glucose(HG),interleukin-1β(IL-1β),and ferroptosis inhibitor,and then the cell viability,reactive oxygen species(ROS),and ferroptosis-related marker protein were tested.To further determine whether the p53-xCT(the substrate-specific subunit of system Xc-)-glutathione(GSH)axis is involved in HG and IL-1βinduced ferroptosis,HUVECs were transiently transfected with p53 small interfering ribonucleic acid or NC small interfering ribonucleic acid and then treated with HG and IL-1β.Cell viability,ROS,and ferroptosis-related marker protein were then assessed.In addition,we detected the xCT and p53 expression in the aorta of db/db mice.RESULTS It was found that HG and IL-1βinduced ferroptosis in HUVECs,as evidenced by the protective effect of the ferroptosis inhibitors,Deferoxamine and ferrostatin-1,resulting in increased lipid ROS and decreased cell viability.Mechanistically,activation of the p53-xCT-GSH axis induced by HG and IL-1βenhanced ferroptosis in HUVECs.In addition,a decrease in xCT and the presence of deendothelialized areas were observed in the aortic endothelium of db/db mice.CONCLUSION Ferroptosis is involved in endothelial dysfunction and p53-xCT-GSH axis activation plays a crucial role in endothelial cell ferroptosis and endothelial dysfunction.
基金This study was supported by the grants from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2016YFC0104801)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81730050)。
文摘Background:The current deep learning diagnosis of breast masses is mainly reflected by the diagnosis of benign and malignant lesions.In China,breast masses are divided into four categories according to the treatment method:inflammatory masses,adenosis,benign tumors,and malignant tumors.These categorizations are important for guiding clinical treatment.In this study,we aimed to develop a convolutional neural network(CNN)for classification of these four breast mass types using ultrasound(US)images.Methods:Taking breast biopsy or pathological examinations as the reference standard,CNNs were used to establish models for the four-way classification of 3623 breast cancer patients from 13 centers.The patients were randomly divided into training and test groups(n=1810 vs.n=1813).Separate models were created for two-dimensional(2D)images only,2D and color Doppler flow imaging(2D-CDFI),and 2D-CDFI and pulsed wave Doppler(2D-CDFI-PW)images.The performance of these three models was compared using sensitivity,specificity,area under receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC),positive(PPV)and negative predictive values(NPV),positive(LR+)and negative likelihood ratios(LR-),and the performance of the 2D model was further compared between masses of different sizes with above statistical indicators,between images from different hospitals with AUC,and with the performance of 37 radiologists.Results:The accuracies of the 2D,2D-CDFI,and 2D-CDFI-PW models on the test set were 87.9%,89.2%,and 88.7%,respectively.The AUCs for classification of benign tumors,malignant tumors,inflammatory masses,and adenosis were 0.90,0.91,0.90,and 0.89,respectively(95%confidence intervals[CIs],0.87-0.91,0.89-0.92,0.87-0.91,and 0.86-0.90).The 2D-CDFI model showed better accuracy(89.2%)on the test set than the 2D(87.9%)and 2D-CDFI-PW(88.7%)models.The 2D model showed accuracy of 81.7%on breast masses≤1 cm and 82.3%on breast masses>1 cm;there was a significant difference between the two groups(P<0.001).The accuracy of the CNN classifications for the test s
基金supported by Hebei Social Science Fund Project in 2016(Grant No.HB16LJ006)the Dr. Start-up Fund of North China University of Science and Technology(2015)
文摘Objective:To investigate the preventive and therapeutic effect and mechanism of simvastatin on secondary inflammatory damage of rats with cerebral hemorrhage.Methods:Sixty SD rat aged 9-12 weeks were chosen and divided into the control group,model group and simvastatintreated group randomly with 20 rats in each group.Rats in the model group and simvastatintreated group were infused with autologous fresh uncoagulated blood to the right brain tissue of the basal ganglia to build the cerebral hemorrhage model,while rats in the control group were treated with the same amount of normal saline.Then,rats in the simvastatin-treated group were given a gavage of 3 mg/kg of simvastatin once a day after modeling.Rats in the three groups were given nerve dysfunction score(NDS) and wet-dry weighting method was used to detect the brain water content(BWC) of brain tissues around the lesion of the rats.Then Nissl staining was conducted and the undamaged neurons were counted.Immunohistochemical SP method was applied to count the number of NF-d the immuno fluorκB,TLR4 and IL-1escence method wasβ positive cells in brain tissues around the lesions,an employed to determine the expression levels of NF-κB,TLR4 and IL-1me points were aβ proteins.Results:The NDS results of the simvastatin-treated group at all till significantly higher than those of the model group(P < 0.05);the BWC values of the simvastatin-treated group at all time points were all significantly lower than those of the model group at the same periods(P < 0.05);the number of the undamaged neurons around the lesions of the simvastatin-treated group at all time points were all significantly higher than those of the model group(P < 0.05);seven days after treatment,the number of the NF-κB,TLR4 and IL-1β positive cells in brain tissues around the lesions of the simvastatin-treated group were all significantly lower than those of the model group(P < 0.05),and its expression levels of NF-ower than those of the model group(κB,TLR4 and IL-1P < 0.05).Conclusioβ protein were
文摘Objective This article aims to review recent studies on the biological characteristics of long non-coding RNAs （IncRNAs）, transcription regulation by IncRNAs, and the results of recent studies on the mechanism of action of IncRNAs in tumor development. Data sources The data cited in this review were mainly obtained from the articles listed in PubMed and HighWire that were published from January 2002 to June 2010. The search terms were ＂long non-coding RNA＂, ＂gene regulation＂, and ＂tumor＂. Study selection The mechanism of IncRNAs in gene expression regulation, and tumors concerned with IncRNAs and the role of IncRNAs in oncogenesis. Results IncRNAs play an important role in transcription control, and post-transcriptional controlling. IncRNAs are suppressing and promoting factors. regulation by controlling chromatin remodeling, transcriptional involved in many kinds of tumors and play key roles as both Conclusion IncRNAs could perfectly regulate the balance of gene expression system and play important roles in oncogenic cellular transformation.
基金Beijing Wenfeng Tianji Pharma Ltd.and the grant from National Science and Technology Major Project of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(No.2011ZX09101-006-02)。
文摘Background:Benvitimod cream,a novel synthetic small molecule,was effective in treating mild-to-moderate plaque psoriasis.We conducted a phase III clinical trial to assess the efficacy and safety of benvitimod cream in patients with mild-to-moderate plaque psoriasis.Methods:We randomly assigned 686 patients(2:1:1)to receive 1%benvitimod cream,0.005%calcipotriol ointment or placebo twice a day for 12 weeks.The primary efficacy end points were the percentage of patients with a 75%or greater reduction from baseline in the psoriasis area and severity index(PASI 75)score and with a score of 0 or 1 in static physician’s global assessment(sPGA)at week 12.Results:The results showed that 50.4%of patients in the benvitimod group achieved PASI 75,which was significantly higher than that in the calcipotriol(38.5%,P<0.05)and placebo(13.9%,P<0.05)groups.The proportion of patients achieving an sPGA score 0 or 1 was 66.3%in the benvitimod group and 63.9%in the calcipotriol group,which were both significantly higher than that in the placebo group(34%,P<0.05).In the long-term follow-up study,50.8%of patients experienced recurrence.After retreatment with 1%benvitimod,73.3%of patients achieved an sPGA score of 0 or 1 again at week 52.Adverse events included application site irritation,follicular papules,and contact dermatitis.No systemic adverse reactions were reported.Conclusion:During this 12-week study,benvitimod cream was demonstrated with high effectiveness and safety in patients with mild-to-moderate plaque psoriasis.
基金supported by the National Genetically Modified Organisms Breeding Major Project:Technology of Environmental Risk Assessment on Transgenic Rice (2008ZX08011-001)Technology of Environment Risk Assessment of Transgenic Rice on Rice Planthopper Population (2009ZX08011-009B)
文摘Transgenic Bt rice has been shown to be an effective means of controlling Lepidoptera pests of rice. However, the potential roles of transgenic rice on planthoppers and their predators need to be investigated before its commercialization. Population density, species dominance and population dynamics are important parameters of arthropods populations in field. So the impacts of three transgenic Bt rice strains expressing crylAb/crylAc, crylC and cry2A on population density, species dominance and population dynamics of three species of planthoppers （Nilaparvata lugens, Sogatella furcifera and Laodelphax striatellus） and their three main predators （ Cyrtorhinus lividipennis, Pirata subpiraticus and Theridium octomaculatum） were evaluated at three sites in Hubei Province, China, in the current study. The results showed that among three species of planthoppers, both in transgenic and non-transgenic rice field, the predominant species ofplanthoppers within phytophagous guild was S. furcifera at any site either growing season （46-50%）. Significantly higher population density ofN. lugens was observed in T2A-1 field relative to Minghui 63 field at Wuxue in 2010. The species dominance of predator, P. subpiraticus, in TT51 field was significantly higher than that in T 1 C-19 and T2A-1 fields in 2009 at Xiaogan site. Sampling date significantly influenced six arthropods except for P. subpiraticus in 2010. The interaction between rice strain^sampling date had no significant adverse effects on the population dynamics of three species of planthoppers and their predators, except for several individual species in 2009. The interaction among rice strain^sampling date^sampling site also had no significant effect on six arthropods except for S. furcifera in 2009. The results indicated that transgenic Bt rice expressing crylAb/crylAc, cry2A and crylC had no significant adverse effects on the population dynamics of three planthoppers and their predators in most investigated data and sampling site.
文摘BACKGROUND：Biomarkers may be helpful in risk stratification and prediction of mortality in septic patients. This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic role of soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid celI-I（sTREM-1）, procalcitonin （PCT）, C-reactive protein （CRP） and other inflammatory markers in patients with sepsis. METHODS：A total of 56 patients with systemic inflammation response syndrome （SIRS） who had been admitted to the ICU department of the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University between May 2009 and July 2010 were enrolled. They were divided into a sepsis group （n=32） and a SIRS group （n=24）. Twenty-five non-SIRS patients served as controls. The sepsis group was sub-divided into a survival group and a death group according to 28-day prognosis. The values of sTREM-1, PCT, CRP, white blood cell （WBC）, and neutrophil count percentage （N） were measured. Acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II （APACHE II） score were determined within 24 hours. The correlation between sTREM-1 and APACHE II score was analyzed. Quantitative data were analyzed by the F test or the KruskaI-Wallis test. RESULTS： The plasma level of sTREM-1 in the sepsis group was significantly higher than that in the SIRS group and control group. The plasma level of sTREM-1 in the non-survival group was significantly higher than that in the survival group. In the sepsis group, the plasma sTREM-1 level was positively correlated with APACHE II score （rs=0.426, P= 0.032）. The area under the ROC curve of sTREM-1 was 0.935, larger than that of PCT and CRP. CONCLUSION：Plasma sTREM-1 is useful in the diagnosis of sepsis at early stage. The increased level of sTREM-1 during the first 24 hours may be correlated with poor outcome of patients with sepsis.
基金grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China，the National Key Clinical Specialty Discipline Construction Program,and Fujian Key Clinical Specialty Discipline Construction Program
文摘Background： Lipid storage myopathy （LSM） is a genetically heterogeneous group with variable clinical phenotypes. Late-onset multiple acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenation deficiency （MADD） is a rather common form of LSM in China. Diagnosis and clinical management of it remain challenging, especially without robust muscle biopsy result and genetic detection. As the noninvasion and convenience, muscle magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） is a helpful assistant, diagnostic tool for neuromuscular disorders. However, the disease-specific MRI patterns of muscle involved and its diagnostic value in late-onset MADD have not been systematic analyzed. Methods： We assessed the MRI pattern and fat infiltration degree of the lower limb muscles in 28 late-onset MADD patients, combined with detailed clinical features and gene spectrum. Fat infiltration degree of the thigh muscle was scored while that ofgluteus was described as obvious or not. Associated muscular atrophy was defined as obvious muscle bulk reduction. Results： The mean scores were significantly different among the anterior, medial, and posterior thigh muscle groups. The mean of fat infiltration scores on posterior thigh muscle group was significantly higher than either anterior or medial thigh muscle group （P 〈 0.00 l）. Moreover, the mean score on medial thigh muscle group was significantly higher than that of anterior thigh muscle group （P 〈 0.01）. About half of the patients displayed fat infiltration and atrophy in gluteus muscles. Of 28 patients, 12 exhibited atrophy in medial and/ or posterior thigh muscle groups, especially in posterior thigh muscle group. Muscle edema pattern was not found in all the patients. Conclusions： Late-onset MADD patients show a typical muscular imaging pattern of fat infiltration and atrophy on anterior, posterior, and medial thigh muscle groups, with major involvement of posterior thigh muscle group and gluteus muscles and a sparing involvement of anterior thigh compartment. Our findings also suggest that mus
基金Guangzhou Science and Technology Program (2010GK-C041)
文摘Objective To investigate the pharmacokinetic effects of baicalin on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) after iv administration in rats. Methods The cerebral I/R rats were induced by occluding the bilateral carotid arteries of normal rats for 2 h, followed by reperfusion. The resultant animals were immediately iv administrated with baicalin (90 mg/kg), whilst the same dose of baicalin was injected to the normal rats. Plasma samples were collected at different time to construct pharmacokinetic profiles by plotting drug concentration vs time. Quantification of baicalin in rat plasma was achieved using a simple and rapid HPLC method. Results In normal rats, the major parameters of distribution half-life, elimination half-life, area under the plasma concentration-time (AUC), apparent volume of distribution (Vd), and clearance (CL), estimated by an open two-compartmental model, were 0.8868 min, 26.0968 min, 149.6204 mg/min·L, 4.765 L/kg, and 0.5776 L/ kg·min), respectively. However, in I/R rats, the corresponding parameters were 2.084 min, 34.4998 min, 260.0188 μg·min/L, 5.9376 L/kg, and 0.334 L/(kg·min), respectively. Conclusion The cerebral I/R could significantly increase AUC and Vd values, decrease CL values, and prolong the terminal half-life of baicalin. These findings suggest that the injuries of I/R could play an important role in pharmacokinetic process of baicalin.
基金This work was sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.:81573204,81773500)Henan medical science and technology program(No.:2018010029,2018020510).
文摘Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome(SFTS)is an emerging infectious disease caused by severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus(SFTSV).SFTSV has been found in humans,ticks and animals,and SFTS has high mortality and increasing prevalence in East Asia.In the study,the samples(heart,liver,lung,kidney,spleen,brain tissue and serum)were collected from 374 domestic animals and 241 wild animals in Pingqiao District and Xinxian County of Xinyang in Henan Province,China.275(44.72%,275/615)animals were positive for anti-SFTSV antibodies,the anti-SFTSV antibodies positive ratios of domestic and wild animals were 43.58%(163/374)and 46.47%(112/241),respectively.There was no significant difference in domestic and wild animals,but significant differences were detected among different species of animals(x^2=112.59,P<0.0001).Among 615 animals,105(17.07%,105/615)animals were positive for SFTSV RNA,and only one SFTSV strain was isolated from heart tissue of a yellow weasel.The phylogenetic analysis shows that the sequence from animals belonged to the same group with viral sequences obtained from humans.The animals maybe play a reservoir host in maintaining the life cycle of SFTSV in nature.
