From the prehistoric era until the publishing of the Compendium of Materia Medica and the first scientific Nobel Prize in the Chinese mainland for Tu's discovery on anti-malarial tablets,each milestone and steppin...From the prehistoric era until the publishing of the Compendium of Materia Medica and the first scientific Nobel Prize in the Chinese mainland for Tu's discovery on anti-malarial tablets,each milestone and stepping stone in the developmental history of herbal medicine involved intrepid exploration,bold hypothesis formulation,and cautious verification.After thousands of years of discovery and development,herbal research has entered a new era—the era of herbgenomics.Herbgenomics combines herbal and genomic research,bridging the gap between traditional herbal medicine and cutting-edge omics studies.Therefore,it provides a general picture of the genetic background of traditional herbs,enabling researchers to investigate the mechanisms underlying the prevention and treatment of human diseases from an omics perspective.展开更多
The Circular Electron Positron Collider(CEPC)is a large scientific project initiated and hosted by China,fostered through extensive collaboration with international partners.The complex comprises four accelerators:a 3...The Circular Electron Positron Collider(CEPC)is a large scientific project initiated and hosted by China,fostered through extensive collaboration with international partners.The complex comprises four accelerators:a 30 GeV Linac,a 1.1 GeV Damping Ring,a Booster capable of achieving energies up to 180 GeV,and a Collider operating at varying energy modes(Z,W,H,and tt).The Linac and Damping Ring are situated on the surface,while the subterranean Booster and Collider are housed in a 100 km circumference underground tunnel,strategically accommodating future expansion with provisions for a potential Super Proton Proton Collider(SPPC).The CEPC primarily serves as a Higgs factory.In its baseline design with synchrotron radiation(SR)power of 30 MW per beam,it can achieve a luminosity of 5×10^(34)cm^(-2)s^(-1)per interaction point(IP),resulting in an integrated luminosity of 13 ab^(-1)for two IPs over a decade,producing 2.6 million Higgs bosons.Increasing the SR power to 50 MW per beam expands the CEPC's capability to generate 4.3 million Higgs bosons,facilitating precise measurements of Higgs coupling at sub-percent levels,exceeding the precision expected from the HL-LHC by an order of magnitude.This Technical Design Report(TDR)follows the Preliminary Conceptual Design Report(Pre-CDR,2015)and the Conceptual Design Report(CDR,2018),comprehensively detailing the machine's layout,performance metrics,physical design and analysis,technical systems design,R&D and prototyping efforts,and associated civil engineering aspects.Additionally,it includes a cost estimate and a preliminary construction timeline,establishing a framework for forthcoming engineering design phase and site selection procedures.Construction is anticipated to begin around 2027-2028,pending government approval,with an estimated duration of 8 years.The commencement of experiments and data collection could potentially be initiated in the mid-2030s.展开更多
Phase carried by two orthogonal polarizations can be manipulated independently by controlling both the geometric size and orientation of the dielectric nanopost.With this characteristic,we demonstrate a novel multifun...Phase carried by two orthogonal polarizations can be manipulated independently by controlling both the geometric size and orientation of the dielectric nanopost.With this characteristic,we demonstrate a novel multifunctional metasurface,which converts part of the incident linearly polarized light into its cross-polarization and encodes the phase of the two orthogonal polarizations independently.A beam splitter and a bifocal metalens were realized in a single-layer dielectric metasurface by this approach.We fabricated the bifocal metalens and demonstrated that two focal spots in orthogonal polarizations can be separated transversely or longitudinally at will.The proposed approach shows a new route to design multifunctional metasurfaces with various applications in holography and three-dimensional display.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017-YFC1702100)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Public Welfare Research Institutes(L2017004)
文摘From the prehistoric era until the publishing of the Compendium of Materia Medica and the first scientific Nobel Prize in the Chinese mainland for Tu's discovery on anti-malarial tablets,each milestone and stepping stone in the developmental history of herbal medicine involved intrepid exploration,bold hypothesis formulation,and cautious verification.After thousands of years of discovery and development,herbal research has entered a new era—the era of herbgenomics.Herbgenomics combines herbal and genomic research,bridging the gap between traditional herbal medicine and cutting-edge omics studies.Therefore,it provides a general picture of the genetic background of traditional herbs,enabling researchers to investigate the mechanisms underlying the prevention and treatment of human diseases from an omics perspective.
基金support from diverse funding sources,including the National Key Program for S&T Research and Development of the Ministry of Science and Technology(MOST),Yifang Wang's Science Studio of the Ten Thousand Talents Project,the CAS Key Foreign Cooperation Grant,the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)Beijing Municipal Science&Technology Commission,the CAS Focused Science Grant,the IHEP Innovation Grant,the CAS Lead Special Training Programthe CAS Center for Excellence in Particle Physics,the CAS International Partnership Program,and the CAS/SAFEA International Partnership Program for Creative Research Teams.
文摘The Circular Electron Positron Collider(CEPC)is a large scientific project initiated and hosted by China,fostered through extensive collaboration with international partners.The complex comprises four accelerators:a 30 GeV Linac,a 1.1 GeV Damping Ring,a Booster capable of achieving energies up to 180 GeV,and a Collider operating at varying energy modes(Z,W,H,and tt).The Linac and Damping Ring are situated on the surface,while the subterranean Booster and Collider are housed in a 100 km circumference underground tunnel,strategically accommodating future expansion with provisions for a potential Super Proton Proton Collider(SPPC).The CEPC primarily serves as a Higgs factory.In its baseline design with synchrotron radiation(SR)power of 30 MW per beam,it can achieve a luminosity of 5×10^(34)cm^(-2)s^(-1)per interaction point(IP),resulting in an integrated luminosity of 13 ab^(-1)for two IPs over a decade,producing 2.6 million Higgs bosons.Increasing the SR power to 50 MW per beam expands the CEPC's capability to generate 4.3 million Higgs bosons,facilitating precise measurements of Higgs coupling at sub-percent levels,exceeding the precision expected from the HL-LHC by an order of magnitude.This Technical Design Report(TDR)follows the Preliminary Conceptual Design Report(Pre-CDR,2015)and the Conceptual Design Report(CDR,2018),comprehensively detailing the machine's layout,performance metrics,physical design and analysis,technical systems design,R&D and prototyping efforts,and associated civil engineering aspects.Additionally,it includes a cost estimate and a preliminary construction timeline,establishing a framework for forthcoming engineering design phase and site selection procedures.Construction is anticipated to begin around 2027-2028,pending government approval,with an estimated duration of 8 years.The commencement of experiments and data collection could potentially be initiated in the mid-2030s.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Nos.11674303 and 11574293)the Anhui Provincial Science andTechnology Major Projects(No.18030901005)。
文摘Phase carried by two orthogonal polarizations can be manipulated independently by controlling both the geometric size and orientation of the dielectric nanopost.With this characteristic,we demonstrate a novel multifunctional metasurface,which converts part of the incident linearly polarized light into its cross-polarization and encodes the phase of the two orthogonal polarizations independently.A beam splitter and a bifocal metalens were realized in a single-layer dielectric metasurface by this approach.We fabricated the bifocal metalens and demonstrated that two focal spots in orthogonal polarizations can be separated transversely or longitudinally at will.The proposed approach shows a new route to design multifunctional metasurfaces with various applications in holography and three-dimensional display.
