Influence of packing media on nitrogen removal in a subsurface infiltration system was studied. System A was filled with loamy soil and system B was filled with mixed soil of 75% red clay with 25% cinder. Both systems...Influence of packing media on nitrogen removal in a subsurface infiltration system was studied. System A was filled with loamy soil and system B was filled with mixed soil of 75% red clay with 25% cinder. Both systems were fed with sewage at the same hydraulic loading of 2 cm/d at continuous operation mode. The same excellent removal performances of COD and T-P could be achieved in both infiltration systems with removal rates about 85% and 98%, respectively. In system A, NH +_4-N removal rate was as high as 96.5% and T-N removal rate was relatively much lower as 55.7%. And in system B, NH +_4-N removal rate was as low as 75.4% and T-N removal rate was relatively much higher as 75.5%. The difference was attributed to different soil oxidation-reduction condition that was greatly influenced by soil texture in subsurface infiltration system. Loamy soil led to oxidative condition that was favorable to nitrification and disadvantageous to denitrification. The results were just adverse to the system filled with clay. Intermittent operation was adopted to improve nitrogen removal in system B. NH +_4-N removal rate could be increased to about 95% and T-N removal rate could be increased to about 90% at intermittent operation mode in system B. Analysis of nitrogen removal mechanisms indicated that nitrification-denitrification was the primary nitrogen removal path in subsurface infiltration system and crop uptake was another important nitrogen removal way. It was the key to improve the total N removal performance that a suitable packing soil was available to present favorable oxidation-reduction condition for simultaneous nitrification and denitrification.展开更多
目的系统评价脑卒中患者反刍性沉思影响因素的混合方法研究,为临床干预提供循证依据。方法采用混合研究系统评价设计,检索中国知网,万方,维普,中国生物医学文献数据库,PubMed,Web of Science,Cochrane Library,Embase和Scopus数据库中...目的系统评价脑卒中患者反刍性沉思影响因素的混合方法研究,为临床干预提供循证依据。方法采用混合研究系统评价设计,检索中国知网,万方,维普,中国生物医学文献数据库,PubMed,Web of Science,Cochrane Library,Embase和Scopus数据库中与脑卒中患者反刍性沉思影响因素相关的研究,检索年限为建库至2023年10月27日。采用加拿大麦克吉尔大学学者团队研制的混合方法评价工具评价所纳入文献的方法学质量,两名研究者采用澳大利亚JBI循证卫生保健研究中心提出的聚敛整合方法收集、分析和整合数据。结果共纳入22篇文献,合计4949例患者,提炼出45个研究主题,归纳组合成8个类别,最终整合出脑卒中患者反刍性沉思的影响因素包括患者个体因素、外部支持和应对策略3个方面。结论脑卒中患者反刍性沉思水平存在差异。个体因素影响患者的反刍性沉思水平,良好的人际关系、积极思考与积极应对方式可促进目的性反刍性沉思的形成,年龄、家庭收入和居住地对脑卒中患者反刍性沉思的作用机制仍需进一步探讨。展开更多
目的系统评价聚焦解决模式对脑卒中患者负性情绪及康复效果的影响。方法计算机检索PubMed、Cochrane Library、Web of Science、中国生物医学文献数据库、中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台和维普数据库等,检索时间为从数据库建立到2023...目的系统评价聚焦解决模式对脑卒中患者负性情绪及康复效果的影响。方法计算机检索PubMed、Cochrane Library、Web of Science、中国生物医学文献数据库、中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台和维普数据库等,检索时间为从数据库建立到2023年12月18日,根据Cochrane偏倚风险评估工具评估文献质量,采用RevMan 5.3软件进行系统评价。结果共纳入19项研究,2175例患者。Meta分析结果显示,与对照组相比,聚焦解决模式能降低脑卒中患者的焦虑[SMD=-1.34,95%CI(-1.87,-0.82),P<0.001]和抑郁评分[SMD=-1.20,95%CI(-1.52,-0.88),P<0.001],降低美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分[SMD=-2.54,95%CI(-3.80,-1.28),P<0.001],增加患者Barthel指数量表(BI)的评分[SMD=1.56,95%CI(0.98,2.15),P<0.001]。根据干预时间行亚组分析,对脑卒中患者焦虑、抑郁评分干预12周的效果优于4周;对NIHSS评分干预12周的效果优于8周;对BI评分干预12周的效果优于4周、8周。结论聚焦解决模式可以改善脑卒中患者的焦虑、抑郁水平和神经功能缺损情况,提高患者的日常生活自理能力,但该结论仍需要更多大样本、高质量随机对照试验加以验证。展开更多
目的本文采用文献计量学方法分析脑卒中质性研究的发展状况、研究热点和研究前沿。方法计算机检索2012年1月至2021年12月Web of Science数据库的核心数据合集发表的脑卒中质性研究相关文献。应用CiteSpace软件对脑卒中质性研究文献的分...目的本文采用文献计量学方法分析脑卒中质性研究的发展状况、研究热点和研究前沿。方法计算机检索2012年1月至2021年12月Web of Science数据库的核心数据合集发表的脑卒中质性研究相关文献。应用CiteSpace软件对脑卒中质性研究文献的分布特征、研究热点和研究前沿进行分析。结果共筛选出846篇文献,涉及86个国家/地区。英国、美国、澳大利亚国家在该领域成果较多,医疗保障、流行、初级保健、预防是研究的热点和前沿。结论脑卒中质性研究相关领域得到了持续关注,且关注度持续上升。英国在该领域有坚实的研究基础。Mant J是该领域的代表研究人员。未来脑卒中质性研究应着重关注:第一,关注卒中患者及照顾者需求,提高其生活质量;第二,注重预防和保健,加强多学科合作与交流,减轻脑卒中总体负担。展开更多
文摘Influence of packing media on nitrogen removal in a subsurface infiltration system was studied. System A was filled with loamy soil and system B was filled with mixed soil of 75% red clay with 25% cinder. Both systems were fed with sewage at the same hydraulic loading of 2 cm/d at continuous operation mode. The same excellent removal performances of COD and T-P could be achieved in both infiltration systems with removal rates about 85% and 98%, respectively. In system A, NH +_4-N removal rate was as high as 96.5% and T-N removal rate was relatively much lower as 55.7%. And in system B, NH +_4-N removal rate was as low as 75.4% and T-N removal rate was relatively much higher as 75.5%. The difference was attributed to different soil oxidation-reduction condition that was greatly influenced by soil texture in subsurface infiltration system. Loamy soil led to oxidative condition that was favorable to nitrification and disadvantageous to denitrification. The results were just adverse to the system filled with clay. Intermittent operation was adopted to improve nitrogen removal in system B. NH +_4-N removal rate could be increased to about 95% and T-N removal rate could be increased to about 90% at intermittent operation mode in system B. Analysis of nitrogen removal mechanisms indicated that nitrification-denitrification was the primary nitrogen removal path in subsurface infiltration system and crop uptake was another important nitrogen removal way. It was the key to improve the total N removal performance that a suitable packing soil was available to present favorable oxidation-reduction condition for simultaneous nitrification and denitrification.
文摘目的系统评价脑卒中患者反刍性沉思影响因素的混合方法研究,为临床干预提供循证依据。方法采用混合研究系统评价设计,检索中国知网,万方,维普,中国生物医学文献数据库,PubMed,Web of Science,Cochrane Library,Embase和Scopus数据库中与脑卒中患者反刍性沉思影响因素相关的研究,检索年限为建库至2023年10月27日。采用加拿大麦克吉尔大学学者团队研制的混合方法评价工具评价所纳入文献的方法学质量,两名研究者采用澳大利亚JBI循证卫生保健研究中心提出的聚敛整合方法收集、分析和整合数据。结果共纳入22篇文献,合计4949例患者,提炼出45个研究主题,归纳组合成8个类别,最终整合出脑卒中患者反刍性沉思的影响因素包括患者个体因素、外部支持和应对策略3个方面。结论脑卒中患者反刍性沉思水平存在差异。个体因素影响患者的反刍性沉思水平,良好的人际关系、积极思考与积极应对方式可促进目的性反刍性沉思的形成,年龄、家庭收入和居住地对脑卒中患者反刍性沉思的作用机制仍需进一步探讨。
文摘目的系统评价聚焦解决模式对脑卒中患者负性情绪及康复效果的影响。方法计算机检索PubMed、Cochrane Library、Web of Science、中国生物医学文献数据库、中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台和维普数据库等,检索时间为从数据库建立到2023年12月18日,根据Cochrane偏倚风险评估工具评估文献质量,采用RevMan 5.3软件进行系统评价。结果共纳入19项研究,2175例患者。Meta分析结果显示,与对照组相比,聚焦解决模式能降低脑卒中患者的焦虑[SMD=-1.34,95%CI(-1.87,-0.82),P<0.001]和抑郁评分[SMD=-1.20,95%CI(-1.52,-0.88),P<0.001],降低美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分[SMD=-2.54,95%CI(-3.80,-1.28),P<0.001],增加患者Barthel指数量表(BI)的评分[SMD=1.56,95%CI(0.98,2.15),P<0.001]。根据干预时间行亚组分析,对脑卒中患者焦虑、抑郁评分干预12周的效果优于4周;对NIHSS评分干预12周的效果优于8周;对BI评分干预12周的效果优于4周、8周。结论聚焦解决模式可以改善脑卒中患者的焦虑、抑郁水平和神经功能缺损情况,提高患者的日常生活自理能力,但该结论仍需要更多大样本、高质量随机对照试验加以验证。
文摘目的本文采用文献计量学方法分析脑卒中质性研究的发展状况、研究热点和研究前沿。方法计算机检索2012年1月至2021年12月Web of Science数据库的核心数据合集发表的脑卒中质性研究相关文献。应用CiteSpace软件对脑卒中质性研究文献的分布特征、研究热点和研究前沿进行分析。结果共筛选出846篇文献,涉及86个国家/地区。英国、美国、澳大利亚国家在该领域成果较多,医疗保障、流行、初级保健、预防是研究的热点和前沿。结论脑卒中质性研究相关领域得到了持续关注,且关注度持续上升。英国在该领域有坚实的研究基础。Mant J是该领域的代表研究人员。未来脑卒中质性研究应着重关注:第一,关注卒中患者及照顾者需求,提高其生活质量;第二,注重预防和保健,加强多学科合作与交流,减轻脑卒中总体负担。
