Ectomycorrhizal fungus Laccaria bicolor S238N,isolated from a forest soil in central France in 1990s,has demonstrated unequivocally and ability to promote pine growth.In the present nursery bed experiment,the ability ...Ectomycorrhizal fungus Laccaria bicolor S238N,isolated from a forest soil in central France in 1990s,has demonstrated unequivocally and ability to promote pine growth.In the present nursery bed experiment,the ability of this ectomycorrhizal fungus to increase growth and P and K uptake of Douglas Fir seedlings (Zone 22) was examined.Growth of inoculated seedlings was over twice(plant height) and three times (biomass)that of non-inoculated ones.Similarly,both the concentrations and the amounts of P and K uptake by seedlings were significantly increased by fungal inoculation,indicating the improvement of P and K nutrition in mycorrhizal seedlings.In contrast,Al-P in the soils was decreased obviously by plants,especially by mycorrhizas,suggesting utilization of this soil P pool by plants and more efficient Al-P mobilization by mycorrhizas than by nomycorrhizas.Moreover,K extracted by 1mol/L HCl following consecutive extraction of H2O and CH3COONH4,which may not be plant available,could be utilized by fungus colonied roots.This could be explained by the release of protons and oxalate by hypae which leads to replacement of interlayer K in nonexpanded 2:1 clay minerals and bio-weathering of phyllosilicates.展开更多
A Bayesian high-resolution direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimator is proposed based on the maximum a posteriori principle. The statistical performance of the Bayesian high-resolution DOA estimator is also investigated. ...A Bayesian high-resolution direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimator is proposed based on the maximum a posteriori principle. The statistical performance of the Bayesian high-resolution DOA estimator is also investigated. Comparison with MUSIC and Maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) shows that the Bayesian method has higher resolution and more accurate estimates for either incoherent or coherent sources. It is also more robust in the case of low SNR.展开更多
文摘Ectomycorrhizal fungus Laccaria bicolor S238N,isolated from a forest soil in central France in 1990s,has demonstrated unequivocally and ability to promote pine growth.In the present nursery bed experiment,the ability of this ectomycorrhizal fungus to increase growth and P and K uptake of Douglas Fir seedlings (Zone 22) was examined.Growth of inoculated seedlings was over twice(plant height) and three times (biomass)that of non-inoculated ones.Similarly,both the concentrations and the amounts of P and K uptake by seedlings were significantly increased by fungal inoculation,indicating the improvement of P and K nutrition in mycorrhizal seedlings.In contrast,Al-P in the soils was decreased obviously by plants,especially by mycorrhizas,suggesting utilization of this soil P pool by plants and more efficient Al-P mobilization by mycorrhizas than by nomycorrhizas.Moreover,K extracted by 1mol/L HCl following consecutive extraction of H2O and CH3COONH4,which may not be plant available,could be utilized by fungus colonied roots.This could be explained by the release of protons and oxalate by hypae which leads to replacement of interlayer K in nonexpanded 2:1 clay minerals and bio-weathering of phyllosilicates.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (60272076) and Doctoral Discipline Foundation.
文摘A Bayesian high-resolution direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimator is proposed based on the maximum a posteriori principle. The statistical performance of the Bayesian high-resolution DOA estimator is also investigated. Comparison with MUSIC and Maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) shows that the Bayesian method has higher resolution and more accurate estimates for either incoherent or coherent sources. It is also more robust in the case of low SNR.
